A seismic isolation device for elevator shafts that penetrate seismic isolation zones

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of elevator shaft seismic isolation technology, specifically an elevator shaft seismic isolation device that penetrates a seismic isolation zone. It includes an upper structure and a lower structure, with a seismic isolation support between them. The upper structure includes an upper floor slab, with an elevator shaft vertically positioned in the middle of the upper floor slab. The lower structure includes a raft foundation, with an elevator shaft seismic isolation mechanism positioned between the raft foundation and the elevator shaft. The elevator shaft seismic isolation mechanism includes a bottom steel plate on the upper surface of the raft foundation and a top steel plate on the lower surface of the elevator shaft's bottom slab, with a seismic isolation assembly positioned between the bottom and top steel plates. This invention solves the problem of existing methods for treating elevator shafts penetrating seismic isolation layers where the elevator shaft structure cannot coordinate with the overall deformation of the seismic isolation layer, leading to a forced displacement difference between the bottom and the lower foundation, easy shear failure, torsional deformation, or instability, thus affecting elevator operation and threatening personnel safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of elevator shaft seismic isolation technology, specifically an elevator shaft seismic isolation device that penetrates the seismic isolation zone. Background Technology

[0002] Seismically isolated buildings, by setting up a seismic isolation layer, also known as a seismic isolation zone, between the building foundation and the superstructure, typically composed of seismic isolation bearings, effectively isolate the transmission of seismic energy to the upper structure, significantly improving the building's seismic performance. In seismically isolated buildings that include elevator shafts, the elevator shaft, as an important vertical transportation channel, inevitably needs to pass through the seismic isolation layer. Currently, the commonly used method in engineering is the "under-hanging method" for elevator shafts passing through the seismic isolation layer. This involves fixing the top of the elevator shaft structure to the upper structure above the seismic isolation layer, while its bottom remains free at the seismic isolation layer.

[0003] However, the traditional under-mounted method has significant drawbacks: under seismic loading, the isolation layer undergoes substantial horizontal displacement, and the elevator shaft structure, fixed only at the top, cannot coordinate with the overall deformation of the isolation layer. This results in a significant forced displacement difference between the bottom of the elevator shaft and the underlying foundation, making the elevator shaft structure highly susceptible to severe shear failure, torsional deformation, or even overall instability at the points where it passes through the isolation layer. Such damage not only directly affects the normal operation of the elevator but may also trigger secondary disasters, seriously threatening the safety of people inside the building.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent an elevator shaft isolation device that penetrates the seismic isolation zone to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the problem that existing methods of treating elevator shafts passing through seismic isolation layers cannot coordinate the elevator shaft structure with the overall deformation of the seismic isolation layer, resulting in a forced displacement difference between the bottom and the lower foundation, which can easily lead to shear failure, torsional deformation, or instability, thereby affecting elevator operation and threatening personnel safety. The invention provides a seismic isolation device for elevator shafts passing through seismic isolation zones.

[0006] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0007] An elevator shaft seismic isolation device that penetrates the seismic isolation zone includes an upper structure and a lower structure;

[0008] The superstructure includes several superframe columns, superframe beams are set between the superframe columns, a superfloor slab is set on the top of the superframe beams, and an elevator shaft is set vertically in the middle of the superfloor slab.

[0009] The substructure includes several lower frame columns that correspond one-to-one with several upper frame columns. Seismic isolation bearings are provided between the bottom of each upper frame column and the top of the corresponding lower frame column. A raft foundation is provided at the bottom of several lower frame columns. An elevator shaft seismic isolation mechanism is provided between the raft foundation and the elevator shaft.

[0010] The elevator shaft vibration isolation mechanism includes a bottom steel plate installed on the upper surface of the raft foundation and a top steel plate installed on the lower surface of the elevator shaft bottom plate, with a vibration isolation assembly installed between the bottom steel plate and the top steel plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration isolation assembly includes several frustum-shaped protective sleeves fixed to the upper surface of the bottom steel plate. Each protective sleeve is embedded with a universal ball, and each universal ball is provided with a universal sliding auxiliary mechanism at its lower part.

[0012] Furthermore, the universal sliding auxiliary mechanism includes several pairs of ear plates fixed to the upper surface of the bottom steel plate, and each pair of ear plates is rotatably connected to a main roller through a main roller shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, each main roller has several semi-circular grooves evenly distributed on its outer surface along the circumference. Each semi-circular groove is rotatably connected to an auxiliary roller through an auxiliary roller shaft, and the auxiliary roller is in rolling contact with the corresponding universal ball.

[0014] Furthermore, two-thirds of the volume of the universal ball is embedded within the corresponding protective sleeve, and one-third of the volume of the universal ball is exposed outside the corresponding protective sleeve, and the universal ball rolls in contact with the lower surface of the top steel plate.

[0015] Furthermore, each universal sliding auxiliary mechanism has three pairs of ear plates and three main rollers, and the three main rollers in each universal sliding auxiliary mechanism are distributed in an isosceles triangle.

[0016] This utility model has a reasonable and reliable structure. Through the seismic isolation mechanism set between the bottom of the elevator shaft and the raft foundation, the lower structure provides vertical support for the elevator shaft while allowing it to slide in multiple directions. When the seismic isolation layer displaces during an earthquake, the movement of the raft foundation can cause the bottom of the elevator shaft to generate a coordinated and consistent synchronous displacement through the low-friction universal ball bearings. This eliminates some forced displacement differences and stress concentration at the crossing point, greatly improving the seismic safety of the elevator shaft and ensuring the safety of personnel. It solves the problem that when the existing under-hanging elevator shaft crosses the seismic isolation layer, the bottom cannot coordinate with the deformation of the seismic isolation layer, resulting in forced displacement differences between the shaft and the foundation, causing shear failure or torsional instability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration isolation assembly in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the universal sliding auxiliary mechanism in this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Upper frame column; 2. Upper frame beam; 3. Upper floor slab; 4. Elevator shaft; 5. Lower frame column; 6. Seismic isolation bearing; 7. Raft foundation; 8. Bottom steel plate; 9. Top steel plate; 10. Protective sleeve; 11. Universal ball bearing; 12. Ear plate; 13. Main roller shaft; 14. Main roller; 15. Auxiliary roller shaft; 16. Auxiliary roller. Detailed Implementation

[0021] An elevator shaft seismic isolation device that penetrates the seismic isolation zone, as shown in the attached... Figure 1 As shown, it includes an upper structure and a lower structure;

[0022] The superstructure includes several superstructure columns 1, superstructure beams 2 are arranged between the superstructure columns 1, superstructure floor slabs 3 are arranged on the top of the superstructure beams 2, and elevator shafts 4 are arranged vertically in the middle of the superstructure floor slabs 3.

[0023] The substructure includes several lower frame columns 5 that correspond one-to-one with several upper frame columns 1. A seismic isolation bearing 6 is provided between the bottom of each upper frame column 1 and the top of the corresponding lower frame column 5. A raft foundation 7 is provided at the bottom of several lower frame columns 5. An elevator shaft seismic isolation mechanism is provided between the raft foundation 7 and the elevator shaft 4.

[0024] The elevator shaft vibration isolation mechanism includes a bottom steel plate 8 installed on the upper surface of the raft foundation 7 and a top steel plate 9 installed on the lower surface of the bottom plate of the elevator shaft 4, with a vibration isolation assembly installed between the bottom steel plate 8 and the top steel plate 9.

[0025] In this invention, the upper structure bears the load of the main building and fixes the top of the elevator shaft 4 to ensure vertical stability; the lower structure transmits the foundation load and isolates seismic energy through the seismic isolation bearing 6; the elevator shaft isolation mechanism composed of the bottom steel plate 8, the top steel plate 9 and the seismic isolation assembly effectively replaces the free bottom of the elevator shaft 4 in the existing hanging method, enabling the bottom of the elevator shaft 4 to have multi-directional displacement capability, solving the problem that the elevator shaft cannot follow the deformation of the seismic isolation layer in the existing hanging method, eliminating the forced displacement difference at the bottom and avoiding shear failure.

[0026] As attached Figure 2As shown, the vibration isolation assembly includes several frustum-shaped protective sleeves 10 fixed to the upper surface of the bottom steel plate 8. Each protective sleeve 10 has a universal ball 11 embedded inside it. Two-thirds of the volume of the universal ball 11 is embedded inside the corresponding protective sleeve 10, and one-third of the volume of the universal ball 11 is exposed outside the corresponding protective sleeve 10. The universal ball 11 is in rolling contact with the lower surface of the top steel plate 9. Each universal ball 11 is provided with a universal sliding auxiliary mechanism at its lower part.

[0027] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the universal sliding auxiliary mechanism includes three pairs of ear plates 12 fixed on the upper surface of the bottom steel plate 8. Each pair of ear plates 12 is rotatably connected to a main roller 14 through a main roller shaft 13. The three main rollers 14 in each universal sliding auxiliary mechanism are distributed in an isosceles triangle.

[0028] In this invention, the protective sleeve 10 has a frustum-shaped structure that restricts the vertical displacement of the universal ball 11, preventing it from detaching, while allowing horizontal rotation. The universal ball 11 directly contacts the top steel plate 9, converting the vertical load of the elevator shaft 4 into rolling friction, enabling synchronous sliding between the elevator shaft 4 and the seismic isolation support 6 during an earthquake. The design that two-thirds of the volume of the universal ball 11 is embedded in the corresponding protective sleeve 10 effectively balances the degree of freedom and stability, ensuring both the rolling amplitude and preventing overturning. The universal sliding auxiliary mechanism composed of the ear plate 12, the main roller shaft 13, and the main roller 14 can support the universal ball 11 and assist its rolling, reducing frictional resistance and enhancing the device's adaptability to complex seismic waves. The three main rollers 14 at the bottom of each universal ball 11 are arranged in an isosceles triangle, which is the optimal mechanical distribution, ensuring uniform support force during displacement in any direction.

[0029] Each main roller 14 has several semi-circular grooves evenly distributed on its outer surface. Each semi-circular groove is rotatably connected to an auxiliary roller 16 via an auxiliary roller shaft 15, and the auxiliary roller 16 is in rolling contact with the corresponding universal ball 11.

[0030] The auxiliary roller 16 makes point contact with the universal ball 11, which can further reduce friction, improve rolling efficiency, and prevent the universal ball 11 from getting stuck.

[0031] During installation, firstly, during the construction of the raft foundation 7, the bottom steel plate 8 is welded and fixed to the raft reinforcement of the raft foundation 7, and the elevation and position are calibrated. Simultaneously, reinforcement bars for the lower frame columns 5 are inserted within the raft foundation 7. After the concrete of the raft foundation 7 is poured, the elevation and flatness of the bottom steel plate 8 are checked before the concrete sets. Once the concrete reaches a certain strength, a universal sliding auxiliary mechanism and universal ball bearings 11 are installed on the upper surface of the bottom steel plate 8, and a protective sleeve 10 is installed on the outside of the universal sliding auxiliary mechanism and universal ball bearings 11. Two-thirds of the volume of each universal ball 11 is embedded within the corresponding protective sleeve 10, and one-third of the volume of each universal ball 11 is exposed outside the corresponding protective sleeve 10, with the universal ball 11 rolling in contact with the main roller 14 and the auxiliary roller 16; then the construction and pouring of the superstructure and the installation of the seismic isolation bearing 6 are carried out. During the binding of the bottom plate reinforcement of the elevator shaft 4, the top steel plate 9 is welded and fixed to the bottom plate reinforcement of the elevator shaft 4, and its elevation and verticality are monitored to ensure that the lower surface of the top steel plate 9 rolls in contact with the top of the universal ball 11.

[0032] When an earthquake occurs, the earth's crust moves, causing the foundation to shift. The raft foundation 7 and the substructure move with the foundation. On the one hand, the seismic isolation bearing 6 can play a role in damping the vibration between the superstructure and the substructure. On the other hand, the universal ball bearing 11 rolls under the action of the main roller 14 and the auxiliary roller 16. Since the top steel plate 9 rolls in contact with the universal ball bearing 11, the bottom plate of the elevator shaft 4 is allowed to move horizontally. This non-fixed connection method allows the substructure to support the bottom plate of the elevator shaft 4 while also eliminating some of the concentrated stress and dissipating energy, thus keeping the superstructure in a relatively stable state. This ensures the stability of the building during an earthquake and achieves the seismic isolation effect. It overcomes the problems of existing hanging methods for elevator shafts passing through the seismic isolation layer, such as the inability of the elevator shaft structure to coordinate with the overall deformation of the seismic isolation layer, resulting in a forced displacement difference between its bottom and the lower foundation, which is prone to shear failure, torsional deformation or instability, thus affecting elevator operation and threatening personnel safety.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation device for an elevator shaft that penetrates the seismic isolation zone, characterized in that: Includes the superstructure and the substructure; The superstructure includes several superframe columns (1), superframe beams (2) are provided between the several superframe columns (1), a superfloor slab (3) is provided on the top of the superframe beams (2), and an elevator shaft (4) is provided vertically in the middle of the superfloor slab (3). The substructure includes several lower frame columns (5) that correspond one-to-one with several upper frame columns (1). A seismic isolation bearing (6) is provided between the bottom of each upper frame column (1) and the top of the corresponding lower frame column (5). A raft foundation (7) is provided at the bottom of several lower frame columns (5). An elevator shaft seismic isolation mechanism is provided between the raft foundation (7) and the elevator shaft (4). The elevator shaft isolation mechanism includes a bottom steel plate (8) set on the upper surface of the raft foundation (7) and a top steel plate (9) set on the lower surface of the bottom plate of the elevator shaft (4), with an isolation assembly between the bottom steel plate (8) and the top steel plate (9).

2. The seismic isolation device for an elevator shaft penetrating the seismic isolation zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration isolation assembly includes several protective sleeves (10) in the shape of a frustum fixed to the upper surface of the bottom steel plate (8). Each protective sleeve (10) is embedded with a universal ball (11), and each universal ball (11) is provided with a universal sliding auxiliary mechanism at its lower part.

3. The seismic isolation device for an elevator shaft penetrating the seismic isolation zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The universal sliding auxiliary mechanism includes several pairs of ear plates (12) fixed on the upper surface of the bottom steel plate (8), and each pair of ear plates (12) is rotatably connected to a main roller (14) through a main roller shaft (13).

4. The seismic isolation device for an elevator shaft penetrating the seismic isolation zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each main roller (14) has several semi-circular grooves evenly distributed on its outer surface. Each semi-circular groove is connected to an auxiliary roller (16) via an auxiliary roller shaft (15), and the auxiliary roller (16) is in rolling contact with the corresponding universal ball (11).

5. A seismic isolation device for an elevator shaft penetrating a seismic isolation zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two-thirds of the volume of the universal ball (11) is embedded in the corresponding protective sleeve (10), one-third of the volume of the universal ball (11) is exposed outside the corresponding protective sleeve (10), and the universal ball (11) rolls in contact with the lower surface of the top steel plate (9).

6. The seismic isolation device for an elevator shaft penetrating the seismic isolation zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each universal sliding auxiliary mechanism has three pairs of ear plates (12) and three main rollers (14), and the three main rollers (14) in each universal sliding auxiliary mechanism are distributed in an isosceles triangle.

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