A backflow suppression steam seal structure
By designing complex steam flow paths and energy dissipation structures, the problem of steam leakage on optical shaft rotating equipment was solved, achieving efficient sealing and energy consumption, and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENHUA GUOHUA ZHOUSHAN POWER GENERATION CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Traditional steam seal structures are difficult to effectively prevent steam leakage on equipment with rotating optical shafts, resulting in energy waste, reduced sealing performance, and high maintenance costs.
The system employs a backflow suppression steam seal structure, which uses a variety of flow-diverting and guiding teeth to create a complex steam flow path, including a turbulence cavity, an energy dissipation cavity, and a vortex groove. This changes the direction of the steam flow and consumes kinetic energy, creating a turbulent flow state to prevent leakage.
It effectively reduces steam leakage, improves equipment thermal efficiency, and lowers maintenance costs by achieving efficient sealing through multiple energy dissipation processes and turbulent flow patterns.
Smart Images
Figure CN224432623U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a steam seal structure, and more specifically, to a backflow suppression steam seal structure. Background Technology
[0002] In industrial applications, equipment with rotating shafts, such as some steam turbines and compressors, suffers from significant steam leakage due to the smooth surface of the shaft and the lack of complex high-low tooth structures. Traditional steam seals used on shafts rely solely on simple sealing components, which are insufficient to effectively prevent steam leakage. When the equipment operates at high speeds or under high temperature and pressure conditions, steam easily passes through the seal gaps, resulting in energy waste and reduced equipment thermal efficiency. Furthermore, the simple structure of traditional seals prevents them from effectively changing the steam flow direction, consuming steam kinetic energy. This leads to a decline in sealing performance over time, and frequent replacement of sealing components increases maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a backflow suppression steam seal structure for optical axis rotating equipment that provides high-efficiency sealing.
[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a backflow suppression steam seal structure includes a steam seal body that cooperates with an external rotor optical shaft, and the inner end face of the steam seal body has a plurality of steam seal parts along the radial direction.
[0005] The steam seal includes a first diverter tooth opposite to the high-pressure gas, and a second diverter tooth is provided on the front side of the first diverter tooth along the direction of steam flow; an energy dissipation cavity is provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body between the first diverter tooth and the second diverter tooth.
[0006] The energy dissipation chamber has a steam inlet on the side near the second diverter tooth, a first outlet on the side near the first diverter tooth, and a second outlet on the energy dissipation chamber between the steam inlet and the first outlet.
[0007] A third flow divider tooth is provided at the front end of the first steam seal near the high-pressure gas end. The third flow divider tooth cooperates with the first flow divider tooth of the first steam seal to form a first turbulence cavity.
[0008] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, a first guide tooth and a second guide tooth are respectively provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body on both sides of the second outlet. The first guide tooth and the second guide tooth cooperate to form a second outlet backflow channel inclined towards the high-pressure end.
[0009] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, a third guide tooth is provided on one side of the steam inlet, and an arc portion is provided at the bottom of the third guide tooth near the high-pressure steam flow side. The third guide tooth and the second guide tooth cooperate to form a first vortex groove.
[0010] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, the length of the third guide tooth is less than that of the second diverter tooth, and the third guide tooth and the second diverter tooth cooperate to form a steam inlet.
[0011] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, a fourth guide tooth is provided on the first outlet side, and the fourth guide tooth cooperates with the first diverter tooth to form a first outlet backflow channel inclined toward the high-pressure end.
[0012] The first guide tooth and the fourth guide tooth cooperate to form the second vortex groove, and the roots of the first guide tooth and the fourth guide tooth on opposite sides are both arc-shaped.
[0013] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, a flow divider is provided in the energy dissipation chamber on the side of the second outlet near the first outlet. When the steam flow enters the energy dissipation chamber, it collides with the flow divider and splits into two streams that flow to the first outlet and the second outlet respectively.
[0014] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, the connection between the roots on both sides of the diversion block and the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity is an arc. When the steam flow collides with the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity under the guidance of the diversion block, a vortex is formed.
[0015] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, a turbulence block is provided in the energy dissipation cavity on the side of the steam inlet, and the connection between the root of the turbulence block and the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity is arc-shaped.
[0016] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, the second diverter tooth of the front steam seal part cooperates with the first diverter tooth of the rear steam seal part to form a second turbulence cavity.
[0017] In the aforementioned backflow suppression steam seal structure, a fourth diversion tooth is provided on the steam seal body near the low-pressure end. The fourth diversion tooth cooperates with the second diversion tooth of the steam seal part located at the rear end to form a third turbulence cavity.
[0018] With the above structure, when the high-pressure steam flow enters the first turbulence cavity after passing through the third diverting tooth, the steam flow impacts the surface of the first diverting tooth and forms a vortex in the first turbulence cavity. Part of the kinetic energy is converted into impact energy, causing the steam flow to change direction. At the same time, the steam flow rubs against the inner wall of the first turbulence cavity, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated, and the steam flow velocity begins to decrease.
[0019] After being decelerated in the first turbulence chamber, the steam flow passes through the first splitter tooth and, guided by the second splitter tooth, enters the energy dissipation chamber for energy dissipation and then flows back. The steam flow flows back to the first and second outlets near the high-pressure end and collides with the high-pressure steam flow below, generating strong disturbances and making the steam flow state extremely turbulent, converting a large amount of kinetic energy into heat energy. Furthermore, the turbulent flow state makes it difficult for the steam flow to form a stable and continuous leakage path, thus achieving a flow suppression effect. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but this does not constitute any limitation on the present invention.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of point A of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of part B of this utility model.
[0024] In the figure: 1. Steam seal body; 2. Steam seal section; 3. First diverting tooth; 4. Second diverting tooth; 5. Energy dissipation cavity; 6. Steam inlet; 7. First outlet; 8. Second outlet; 9. Third diverting tooth; 10. First turbulence cavity; 11. First guide tooth; 12. Second guide tooth; 13. Third guide tooth; 14. Arc section; 15. First vortex groove; 16. Fourth guide tooth; 17. Second vortex groove; 18. Diverting block; 19. Turbulence block; 20. Second turbulence cavity; 21. Fourth diverting tooth; 22. Third turbulence cavity. Detailed Implementation
[0025] See Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a backflow suppression steam seal structure, which includes a steam seal body 1 that cooperates with an external rotor optical shaft, and the inner end face of the steam seal body 1 has a plurality of steam seal parts 2 along the radial direction.
[0026] The steam seal 2 includes a first diverting tooth 3 opposite to the high-pressure gas, and a second diverting tooth 4 is provided on the front side of the first diverting tooth 3 along the direction of steam flow; an energy dissipation cavity 5 is provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body 1 between the first diverting tooth 3 and the second diverting tooth 4.
[0027] The energy dissipation chamber 5 is provided with a steam inlet 6 on the side near the second diverter tooth 4, and a first outlet 7 on the side near the first diverter tooth 3. A second outlet 8 is provided on the energy dissipation chamber 5 between the steam inlet 6 and the first outlet 7.
[0028] A third flow divider 9 is provided at the front end of the first steam seal 2 near the high-pressure gas end. The third flow divider 9 cooperates with the first flow divider 3 of the first steam seal 2 to form a first turbulence cavity 10.
[0029] When the high-pressure steam flow passes through the third splitting tooth and enters the first turbulence cavity, the steam flow impacts the surface of the first splitting tooth and forms a vortex in the first turbulence cavity. Part of the kinetic energy is converted into impact energy, causing the steam flow to change direction. At the same time, the steam flow rubs against the inner wall of the first turbulence cavity, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated, and the steam flow velocity begins to decrease.
[0030] After being decelerated in the first turbulence chamber, the steam flow passes through the first splitter tooth and, guided by the second splitter tooth, enters the energy dissipation chamber for energy dissipation and then flows back. The steam flow flows back to the first and second outlets near the high-pressure end and collides with the high-pressure steam flow below, generating strong disturbances and making the steam flow state extremely turbulent, converting a large amount of kinetic energy into heat energy. Furthermore, the turbulent flow state makes it difficult for the steam flow to form a stable and continuous leakage path, thus achieving a flow suppression effect.
[0031] After the steam flows out from the first and second outlets, it collides and merges with the high-pressure airflow. As the high-pressure steam continues to flow towards the low-pressure end, it enters the energy dissipation chamber multiple times during this process, circulating and surging back, which can efficiently consume the kinetic energy of the steam.
[0032] In this embodiment, a first guide tooth 11 and a second guide tooth 12 are respectively provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body 1 on both sides of the second outlet 8. The first guide tooth 11 and the second guide tooth 12 cooperate to form a return channel of the second outlet 8 inclined towards the high-pressure end. The angle of inclination of the first guide tooth and the second guide tooth towards the high-pressure end is 75-85°. The bottom height of the first guide tooth and the second guide tooth is the same as the bottom height of the first diverting tooth. By extending the second outlet through the first guide tooth and the second guide tooth, the return steam flow collides with the high-pressure steam flow at high speed, which can effectively improve the turbulence of the steam flow.
[0033] More preferably, a third guide tooth 13 is provided on one side of the steam inlet 6, and an arc portion 14 is provided at the bottom of the third guide tooth 13 near the high-pressure steam flow side. The third guide tooth 13 and the second guide tooth 12 cooperate to form a first vortex groove 15. When the steam flow passes under the second guide tooth and diffuses into the first vortex groove, it collides with the surface of the third guide tooth and is guided to form a vortex, further increasing the turbulence of the steam flow and consuming the kinetic energy of the steam flow. At the same time, the presence of the vortex makes it difficult for the steam flow to form a stable leakage channel, further enhancing the sealing effect.
[0034] In this embodiment, the length of the third guide tooth 13 is less than that of the second diverter tooth 4, and the third guide tooth 13 and the second diverter tooth 4 cooperate to form the steam inlet 6. The fact that the length of the third guide tooth is less than that of the second diverter tooth can prevent the steam from flowing directly through the steam inlet. After the airflow diffuses in the first vortex groove, part of the steam flow forms a vortex under the guidance of the third guide tooth, and the other part of the steam flow enters the steam inlet under the guidance of the second diverter tooth after passing through the third guide tooth.
[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, a fourth guide tooth 16 is provided on one side of the first outlet 7. The fourth guide tooth 16 cooperates with the first diverter tooth 3 to form a return channel of the first outlet 7 inclined towards the high-pressure end. The angle of inclination of the fourth guide tooth and the first diverter tooth towards the high-pressure end is 75-85°, and the bottom height of the fourth guide tooth is the same as the bottom height of the first diverter tooth. By extending the first outlet through the fourth guide tooth and the first diverter tooth, the return steam flow collides with the high-pressure steam flow at high speed, which can effectively improve the turbulence of the steam flow.
[0036] The first guide tooth 11 and the fourth guide tooth 16 cooperate to form the second vortex groove 17, and the roots of the first guide tooth 11 and the fourth guide tooth 16 on opposite sides are both arc-shaped. When the steam flows under the fourth guide tooth and diffuses into the second vortex groove, it collides with the surface of the first guide tooth and is guided to form vortices, further increasing the turbulence of the steam flow and consuming the kinetic energy of the steam. At the same time, the presence of the vortex makes it difficult for the steam flow to form a stable leakage channel, further enhancing the sealing effect.
[0037] In this embodiment, a flow-diverting baffle 18 is provided in the energy dissipation chamber 5 on the side of the second outlet 8 near the first outlet 7. When the steam flow enters the energy dissipation chamber, it collides with the flow-diverting baffle 18 and splits into two streams that flow to the first outlet 7 and the second outlet 8 respectively. While diverting the steam flow into the first outlet and the second outlet, the flow-diverting baffle can also change the width and direction of the steam flow channel in the energy dissipation chamber, causing the flow velocity and direction of the steam flow to change continuously, consuming a large amount of kinetic energy in the process.
[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, the connection points between the roots of both sides of the diverting block 18 and the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity 5 are both arcs. When the steam flow collides with the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity 5 under the guidance of the diverting block 18, a vortex is formed. When the steam flow changes its flow direction under the guidance of the diverting block, it collides with the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity to form a vortex, which intensifies the internal friction and energy dissipation of the steam flow, further consumes the kinetic energy of the steam flow, and causes the flow velocity to continue to decrease.
[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, a turbulence block 19 is provided in the energy dissipation cavity 5 on one side of the steam inlet 6, and the root of the turbulence block 19 is arc-shaped at the connection with the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity 5. The turbulence block further increases the tortuosity of the steam flow channel in the energy dissipation cavity, and in conjunction with the flow divider block, makes the steam flow channel have a multi-segment structure of different sizes, causing the steam flow to decelerate and accelerate multiple times during the flow process, which intensifies the internal friction and energy dissipation of the steam flow. At the same time, the turbulence block and the flow divider block cooperate to form a vortex groove, causing the steam flow to form multiple small vortices in the vortex groove, further consuming the kinetic energy of the steam flow and causing the flow velocity to continue to decrease.
[0040] In this embodiment, preferably, the second diverting tooth 4 of the front steam seal 2 cooperates with the first diverting tooth 3 of the subsequent steam seal 2 to form a second turbulence cavity 20. When the steam flow passes through the second diverting tooth and enters the second turbulence cavity, it impacts the surface of the next first diverting tooth and forms a vortex in the second turbulence cavity. Part of the kinetic energy is converted into impact energy, causing the steam flow to change direction. At the same time, the steam flow rubs against the inner wall of the second turbulence cavity, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated. Before entering the next steam seal, the steam flow velocity is reduced again.
[0041] In this embodiment, preferably, a fourth diverting tooth 21 is provided on the steam seal body 1 near the low-pressure end. The fourth diverting tooth 21 cooperates with the second diverting tooth 4 located at the rearmost steam seal part 2 to form a third turbulence cavity 22. After the steam flow consumes energy and reduces its speed by passing through each steam seal part in sequence, it enters the third turbulence cavity and collides with the surface of the fourth diverting tooth to form a vortex, which further decelerates the steam flow and achieves efficient sealing.
[0042] During operation, the high-pressure steam flow enters the first turbulence chamber after passing through the third splitting tooth. The steam flow collides with the first splitting tooth, and part of it flows back along the surface of the first splitting tooth to form a vortex in the first turbulence chamber. Part of it passes under the first splitting tooth and the fourth guide tooth, and then passes through the second vortex groove and the first vortex groove in sequence. After passing through the first vortex groove, the steam flow collides with the second splitting tooth and is divided into two parts again. Most of it is guided by the second splitting tooth to turn into radial steam flow and enter the energy dissipation chamber, while a small part continues to travel axially to the next steam seal section.
[0043] After the radial steam flow enters the energy dissipation chamber, it is dissipated under the guidance of the turbulence block and the flow divider block. Under the guidance of the flow divider block, it is divided into two streams and enters the first outlet and the second outlet respectively. When the steam flow flows out from the first outlet and the second outlet, it collides and merges with the high-pressure airflow and continues to flow and circulate.
[0044] The above-described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are only used to facilitate the illustration of the present utility model. They are not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any person skilled in the art who makes partial modifications or alterations to the technical content disclosed in the present utility model without departing from the scope of the technical features of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical features of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A backflow suppression steam seal structure, comprising a steam seal body (1) that mates with an external rotor shaft, characterized in that, The inner end face of the steam seal body (1) has several steam seal parts (2) along the radial direction; The steam seal section (2) includes a first diverter tooth (3) opposite to the high-pressure gas, and a second diverter tooth (4) is provided on the front side of the first diverter tooth (3) along the direction of steam flow; an energy dissipation cavity (5) is provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body (1) between the first diverter tooth (3) and the second diverter tooth (4); The energy dissipation chamber (5) has a steam inlet (6) on the side near the second diverter tooth (4), and a first outlet (7) on the side near the first diverter tooth (3). A second outlet (8) is provided on the energy dissipation chamber (5) between the steam inlet (6) and the first outlet (7). A third diverter tooth (9) is provided at the front end of the first steam seal (2) near the high-pressure gas end. The third diverter tooth (9) cooperates with the first diverter tooth (3) of the first steam seal (2) to form a first turbulence cavity (10).
2. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner end faces of the steam seal body (1) on both sides of the second outlet (8) are respectively provided with a first guide tooth (11) and a second guide tooth (12). The first guide tooth (11) and the second guide tooth (12) cooperate to form a return channel of the second outlet (8) inclined towards the high pressure end.
3. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A third guide tooth (13) is provided on one side of the steam inlet (6). The bottom of the third guide tooth (13) near the high-pressure steam flow side is provided with an arc part (14). The third guide tooth (13) and the second guide tooth (12) cooperate to form a first vortex groove (15).
4. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the third guide tooth (13) is less than that of the second diverter tooth (4), and the third guide tooth (13) and the second diverter tooth (4) cooperate to form a steam inlet (6).
5. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A fourth guide tooth (16) is provided on one side of the first outlet (7), and the fourth guide tooth (16) cooperates with the first diverter tooth (3) to form a return channel of the first outlet (7) inclined towards the high-pressure end; The first guide tooth (11) and the fourth guide tooth (16) cooperate to form the second vortex groove (17), and the roots of the first guide tooth (11) and the fourth guide tooth (16) on opposite sides are both arc-shaped.
6. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second outlet (8) has a flow divider (18) in the energy dissipation chamber (5) on the side close to the first outlet (7). When the steam enters the energy dissipation chamber, it collides with the flow divider (18) and splits into two streams that flow to the first outlet (7) and the second outlet (8) respectively.
7. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connection between the roots on both sides of the diversion block (18) and the inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber (5) is an arc. When the steam flow collides with the inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber (5) under the guidance of the diversion block (18), a vortex is formed.
8. A backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, A turbulence block (19) is provided in the energy dissipation cavity (5) on one side of the steam inlet (6), and the root of the turbulence block (19) is arc-shaped at the connection between it and the inner wall of the energy dissipation cavity (5).
9. The backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second diverter tooth (4) of the front steam seal (2) cooperates with the first diverter tooth (3) of the rear steam seal (2) to form a second turbulence cavity (20).
10. A backflow suppression steam seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fourth diverter tooth (21) is provided on the steam seal body (1) near the low-pressure end. The fourth diverter tooth (21) cooperates with the second diverter tooth (4) of the steam seal part (2) located at the last end to form a third turbulence cavity (22).