An underwater target simulation device that combines active, passive, and maneuvering capabilities.

Abstract

This utility model relates to an underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuverable methods, comprising: a maneuverable towing unit, a passive target feature simulation unit located underwater, and an active target feature simulation unit located underwater. The maneuverable towing unit includes: a ship and a first cable and a second cable mounted on the ship. The passive target feature simulation unit includes: an electric transducer module and multiple blade transducer modules connected in sequence, the electric transducer module being connected to the first cable. The active target feature simulation unit includes: multiple receiving hydrophones and multiple towed body units connected in sequence on the second cable. The electric transducer module and multiple blade transducer modules are mounted on the first cable to improve the underwater low-frequency sound wave radiation efficiency, and the multiple towed body units arranged in a linear array on the second cable provide the hardware foundation for simulating the scale effect of real targets and the spatial distribution characteristics of the scattered sound field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underwater acoustic simulation, and in particular to an underwater target simulation device that combines active, passive and maneuvering methods. Background Technology

[0002] Underwater target simulation devices, or underwater acoustic targets, are primarily used to simulate the acoustic and maneuvering characteristics of underwater targets under active and passive sonar detection. The main acoustic features acquired by passive sonar detection originate from mechanical noise, hydrodynamic noise, and propulsion noise, and from the perspective of acoustic signal characteristics, mainly include low-frequency line spectra and broadband noise spectra. The main acoustic features acquired by active sonar detection include time delay, Doppler shift, target size, and scattered sound field distribution.

[0003] Existing active and passive radiated noise simulation subsystems typically rely on a single sound source component to simulate echo signals. This makes it impossible for active radiated noise simulation subsystems to simulate the scale effect of real targets and the spatial distribution characteristics of scattered sound fields. Furthermore, passive radiated noise simulation subsystems are prone to problems such as low underwater low-frequency sound wave radiation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] This invention provides an underwater target simulation device that combines active, passive, and maneuverable technologies. It aims to solve the problems in the prior art where the active radiation noise simulation subsystem cannot simulate the scale effect of real targets and the spatial distribution characteristics of scattered sound fields, and the passive radiation noise simulation subsystem is prone to low efficiency of underwater low-frequency sound wave radiation.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an underwater target simulation device that combines active, passive, and maneuvering techniques. The underwater target simulation device includes: a maneuvering towing unit, a passive target feature simulation unit located underwater, and an active target feature simulation unit located underwater.

[0008] The motorized towing unit includes: a ship and a first cable and a second cable mounted on the ship;

[0009] The passive target feature simulation unit includes: an electric transducer module and a plurality of blade transducer modules connected in sequence, wherein the electric transducer module is connected to the first cable; the electric transducer module is used to generate low-frequency broadband noise, and the blade transducer modules are used to generate very low-frequency line spectra.

[0010] The active target feature simulation unit includes: multiple receiving hydrophones and multiple towed bodies connected sequentially to the second cable; the active target feature simulation unit acquires active sonar detection signals through the receiving hydrophones and drives the towed bodies to emit sound.

[0011] Preferably, the blade transducer module includes: a blade transducer and a blade guide shell;

[0012] The blade transducer is fixed inside the blade guide shell. The blade transducer contains blades that can rotate around the X-axis and swing along the Y-axis.

[0013] Preferably, the side of the blade guide shell facing the ship is configured as a hemispherical shape.

[0014] Preferably, the electric transducer module includes an electric transducer housing and an electric transducer;

[0015] The electric transducer housing is connected to the first cable. A transducer plate is provided on the electric transducer housing, and multiple electric transducers are arranged in an array on the transducer plate. The electric transducers are used to convert electrical energy into sound energy.

[0016] Preferably, the frequency of the low-frequency broadband noise generated by the electric transducer module is 20Hz-20kHz, and the frequency of the very low frequency line spectrum generated by the blade transducer module is 20Hz-200Hz.

[0017] Preferably, the active target feature simulation unit further includes a pair of depth-fixing modules disposed on the second cable, with the tow body unit and the receiving hydrophone both located between the pair of depth-fixing modules.

[0018] Preferably, the vessel is further equipped with a first winch and a second winch, with the first cable wound around the first winch and the second cable wound around the second winch.

[0019] Preferably, both the first cable and the second cable contain cables.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] This invention employs an electric transducer module and multiple blade transducers on the first cable to improve the underwater low-frequency acoustic wave radiation efficiency, and multiple towed body units forming a linear array on the second cable, providing a hardware foundation for simulating the scale effect of real targets and the spatial distribution characteristics of the scattered sound field. Through the synergistic combination of these technical features, key acoustic characteristics of real targets under active and passive sonar detection conditions are ultimately achieved, including high-power low-frequency broadband noise, very low-frequency line spectra, and echo signals that take into account the target scale and the spatial distribution of the scattered sound field. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the underwater target simulation device of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the electric energy conversion module in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the blade transducer module in this utility model.

[0026] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0027] 1: Motorized towing unit; 11: Ship; 12: First cable; 13: Second cable;

[0028] 2: Passive target feature simulation unit; 21: Electric transducer module; 211: Electric transducer housing; 212: Electric transducer; 213: Transducer plate; 22: Blade transducer module; 221: Blade transducer; 222: Blade guide housing; 223: Blade;

[0029] 3: Active target feature simulation unit; 31: Receiver hydrophone; 32: Towed body unit; 33: Depth determination module. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] This invention provides an underwater target simulation device that combines active, passive, and maneuvering techniques. The underwater target simulation device includes: a maneuvering towing unit 1, a passive target feature simulation unit 2 located underwater, and an active target feature simulation unit 3 located underwater. The maneuvering towing unit 1 includes: a ship 11 and a first cable 12 and a second cable 13 installed on the ship 11.

[0035] The passive target feature simulation unit 2 includes: an electric transducer module 21 and multiple blade transducer modules 22 connected in sequence. The electric transducer module 21 is connected to the first cable 12. The electric transducer module 21 is used to generate low-frequency broadband noise, and the blade transducer modules 22 are used to generate very low-frequency line spectra. In a preferred embodiment, the passive target feature simulation unit 2 also includes feedback hydrophones disposed on the electric transducer module 21 and the blade transducer modules 22, and a passive excitation component mounted on the ship 11. In addition to conventional multi-channel signal generation and power amplification equipment, the passive excitation component also includes an in-phase excitation feedback control device, which cooperates with the feedback hydrophone that records the synthesized signal of the recording array to drive the electric transducer module 21 and the multiple blade transducer modules 22 to radiate acoustic signals with consistent phase, thereby improving the underwater low-frequency acoustic wave radiation efficiency under limited sound source size conditions.

[0036] The active target feature simulation unit 3 includes: multiple receiving hydrophones 31 and multiple towed bodies 32 sequentially connected to the second cable 13; the active target feature simulation unit 3 acquires active sonar detection signals through the receiving hydrophones 31 and drives the towed bodies 32 to emit sound. In a preferred embodiment, the active target feature simulation unit 3 further includes: a correlation echo signal generation and excitation device, which provides a hardware foundation for simulating the spatial distribution characteristics of the real target scale effect and the scattered sound field by using multiple towed bodies 32 arranged in a linear array.

[0037] As described above, this application utilizes a first cable 12 and a second cable 13 on the vessel 11 to tow a passive target feature simulation unit 2 and an active target feature simulation unit 3 located underwater. An electric transducer module 21 and multiple blade transducer modules 22 are installed on the first cable 12 to improve underwater low-frequency acoustic radiation efficiency. Multiple towed body units 32 are arranged in a linear array on the second cable 13, providing a hardware foundation for simulating the spatial distribution characteristics of the scattered sound field and the effects of real target size. Through the synergistic combination of these technical features, key acoustic characteristics of real targets under both active and passive sonar detection conditions are ultimately achieved, including high-power low-frequency broadband noise, very low-frequency line spectra, and echo signals that incorporate target size and the spatial distribution of the scattered sound field.

[0038] Furthermore, the blade transducer module 22 includes: a blade transducer 221 and a blade guide housing 222. The blade transducer 221 is fixed inside the blade guide housing 222, and a blade 223 is provided inside the blade transducer 221. The blade 223 can rotate around the X-axis and can also swing along the Y-axis. The blade transducer 221 adopts a two-degree-of-freedom motion structure. The motor can form a rotating fan surface in the x-axis direction, and the exciter can generate periodic excitation energy in the y-axis direction. This ensures that while the blade 223 rotates, it can oscillate at a predetermined angle around the center of the blade 223. Based on the principle of fluid acoustics, it can generate a 20-200Hz very low frequency line spectrum in a marine environment (within a depth of 300 meters). The fundamental frequency energy attenuates less than 3dB over a distance of kilometers, exhibiting good propagation. The blade transducer 221 in this application is identical to the blade-type underwater low-frequency transducer in patent number CN222956815U, and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] Furthermore, the side of the blade guide shell 222 facing the ship 11 is set as a hemispherical shape. Setting the head of the blade guide shell 222 as a hemispherical shape can reduce the impact of water flow noise on the sound emitted by the blade 223.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the electric transducer module 21 includes an electric transducer housing 211 and electric transducers 212. The electric transducer housing 211 is connected to the first cable 12. A transducer plate 213 is disposed on the electric transducer housing 211, and a plurality of electric transducers 212 are arrayed on the transducer plate 213. The electric transducers 212 are used to convert electrical energy into sound energy. The electric transducers 212 are arranged in a 2×2 array on the transducer plate 213, covering the 20Hz-20kHz frequency band, and can simulate broadband noise characteristics such as mechanical vibration and propeller cavitation, with a sound source level of over 165dB.

[0041] Among them, the frequency of the low-frequency broadband noise generated by the electric transducer module 21 is 20Hz-20kHz, and the frequency of the very low frequency line spectrum generated by the blade transducer module 22 is 20Hz-200Hz.

[0042] In addition, the active target feature simulation unit 3 also includes a pair of depth-fixing modules 33 mounted on the second cable 13, with the towed body unit 32 and the receiving hydrophone 31 located between the pair of depth-fixing modules 33. The depth-fixing modules provide buoyancy for the receiving hydrophone and the towed body unit, allowing the active target feature simulation unit to float at a specific water depth. The active target feature simulation unit 3 consists of a multi-channel signal processing unit, a receiving hydrophone 31, a towed body unit 32, and depth-fixing modules 33. The multi-channel signal processing unit is based on an FPGA architecture and incorporates a target scale feature extraction algorithm, capable of generating echo signals containing distance, velocity, and azimuth information. The receiving hydrophone 31 adopts a 2×2 linear array design, enabling real-time acquisition of active sonar detection signals. The towed body unit 32 includes a transmitting transducer, a fairing, and buoyancy material. The transmitting transducer array supports multi-point echo simulation, achieving dynamic reproduction of Doppler frequency shift and acoustic-structure coupling physical fingerprint through phase control.

[0043] Finally, the vessel 11 is also equipped with a first winch and a second winch. The first cable 12 is wound around the first winch, and the second cable 13 is wound around the second winch. Both the first cable 12 and the second cable 13 contain electrical cables.

[0044] The blade transducer module 22 of the passive target feature simulation unit 2 drives the blades 223 to rotate and oscillate via a servo motor, regulating the flow field to generate periodic pressure pulsations and forming a very low frequency line spectrum. The electric transducer generates corresponding broadband noise according to the target type. The two are synthesized into a passive acoustic signal through a power amplification module to reproduce the acoustic frequency band characteristics of the underwater target. The signal processing unit of the active target feature simulation unit 3 calculates the delay parameters based on the target radial scale L and the incident angle θ using the echo time spread model τ=2Lsinθ / c+α, and generates the echo signal by combining it with a multi-spot model.

[0045] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of this utility model is only for illustrating the technical route and features of this utility model, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. However, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of this utility model should be covered by the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering methods, characterized in that, The underwater target simulation device includes: a motorized towing unit (1), a passive target feature simulation unit (2) located underwater, and an active target feature simulation unit (3) located underwater; The motorized towing unit (1) includes: a ship (11) and a first cable (12) and a second cable (13) installed on the ship (11); The passive target feature simulation unit (2) includes: an electric transducer module (21) and a plurality of blade transducer modules (22) connected in sequence. The electric transducer module (21) is connected to the first cable (12). The electric transducer module (21) is used to generate low-frequency broadband noise, and the blade transducer module (22) is used to generate very low-frequency line spectra. The active target feature simulation unit (3) includes: multiple receiving hydrophones (31) and multiple towed bodies (32) connected sequentially to the second cable (13); the active target feature simulation unit (3) acquires active sonar detection signals through the receiving hydrophones (31) and drives the towed bodies (32) to emit sound.

2. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering capabilities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blade transducer module (22) includes: a blade transducer (221) and a blade guide shell (222); The blade transducer (221) is fixed inside the blade guide shell (222). The blade transducer (221) is provided with a blade (223). The blade (223) can rotate around the X-axis and can also swing along the Y-axis.

3. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering mechanisms as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The side of the blade guide shell (222) facing the ship (11) is set as a hemispherical shape.

4. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering mechanisms as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The electric transducer module (21) includes an electric transducer housing (211) and an electric transducer (212); The electric transducer housing (211) is connected to the first cable (12). A transducer plate (213) is provided on the electric transducer housing (211). A plurality of electric transducers (212) are arranged in an array on the transducer plate (213). The electric transducers (212) are used to convert electrical energy into sound energy.

5. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering capabilities as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The frequency of the low-frequency broadband noise generated by the electric transducer module (21) is 20Hz-20kHz, and the frequency of the very low frequency line spectrum generated by the blade transducer module (22) is 20Hz-200Hz.

6. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering capabilities as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The active target feature simulation unit (3) also includes a pair of depth-fixing modules (33) disposed on the second cable (13), and the tow body unit (32) and the receiving hydrophone (31) are both located between the pair of depth-fixing modules (33).

7. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering capabilities as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The vessel (11) is also equipped with a first winch and a second winch, with the first cable (12) wound around the first winch and the second cable (13) wound around the second winch.

8. The underwater target simulation device combining active, passive, and maneuvering capabilities as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Both the first cable (12) and the second cable (13) contain cables.

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