A combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machines
By designing a combined measuring device on the wheelset press machine, the real-time measurement of the wheels is achieved using a swing arm and a telescopic rod, solving the problem of real-time measurement in existing technologies, improving production efficiency and accuracy, and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY GUANGZHOU BUREAU GRP CO LTD GUANGZHOU EMU
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing wheelset pressing machines cannot perform real-time measurement during the pressing process, resulting in insufficient measurement accuracy, high production costs, and low efficiency.
A combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machines was designed, including components such as guide rail slider, telescopic rod, swing arm, and runout displacement sensor. The swing arm and telescopic rod are used to detect the runout of the wheel end face and the radial runout of the wheel tread, respectively, to achieve real-time measurement.
It improved production efficiency, reduced testing costs, ensured measurement accuracy, and met the requirements for high-precision wheelset pressing.
Smart Images
Figure CN224445161U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wheel inspection technology, specifically to a combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machines. Background Technology
[0002] In the rail transit industry, the pressing position dimensions of the wheels relative to the axle of rail vehicles are very important. Therefore, during the pressing process, the wheelset pressing machine must measure the inner distance of the wheelset, the runout of the wheel end face, and the radial runout of the wheel tread in real time to ensure that the wheelset after pressing meets the high precision requirements.
[0003] In the existing pressing process, parameters are usually estimated by visual inspection or general measuring tools, which cannot guarantee the required measurement accuracy. After pressing is completed, a comprehensive measuring device is used to measure the comprehensive data of the wheelset. Since the existing comprehensive measuring devices are generally large, the wheelset needs to be moved between equipment after pressing. If the measurement data is not good, it needs to be moved and corrected again. Real-time measurement during the pressing process cannot be achieved, which greatly increases the production cost and affects the production efficiency of the wheelset.
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects, the creator of this utility model has finally obtained this utility model after a long period of research and practice. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this utility model provides a combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machines, comprising a guide rail slider, a telescopic rod, a telescopic guide sleeve, a swing arm, a mandrel, a telescopic reset assembly, a swing reset assembly, and a runout displacement sensor. The telescopic reset assembly, the swing reset assembly, and the runout displacement sensor are fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider. The telescopic guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider. The telescopic rod is vertically mounted inside the telescopic guide sleeve. The mandrel is vertically fixed to the outside of one side of the guide rail slider and is rotatably connected to the swing arm. A cantilever rod is provided at the top of the telescopic rod, and the cantilever rod contacts the probe of the runout displacement sensor. The cantilever rod is positioned between the telescopic reset assembly and the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod drives the cantilever rod to move vertically. A synchronous arm is fixedly mounted on one side of the swing arm, and a connecting rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the cantilever rod, with the connecting rod contacting and connecting to the synchronous arm. The swing arm is connected to the swing reset assembly via a reset arm.
[0006] Preferably, the guide rail slider has a vertically extending telescopic hole, the telescopic guide sleeve is provided corresponding to the telescopic hole, the telescopic rod is provided in the telescopic hole, and the cantilever rod is provided above the guide rail slider.
[0007] Preferably, in the initial state, the swing arm is arranged parallel to the telescopic rod, and the spindle is arranged perpendicular to the telescopic rod.
[0008] Preferably, the bottom height of the telescopic rod is lower than the bottom height of the swing arm.
[0009] Preferably, the reset arm and the swing head are respectively disposed at both ends of the swing arm, and the swing reset assembly and the synchronization arm are respectively disposed on the same side of the swing arm.
[0010] Preferably, the swing head is spherical or disc-shaped, and the diameter of the swing head is greater than the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the telescopic rod.
[0011] Preferably, a contact pin is vertically disposed on the synchronizing arm, and the upper end face of the contact pin is hemispherical. The synchronizing arm is connected to the connecting rod through the contact pin.
[0012] Preferably, the end of the swing arm is provided with a central hole, the spindle is disposed in the central hole, and the swing arm, the reset arm and the synchronizing arm are all arranged radially with the central hole as the center.
[0013] Preferably, a connecting frame is fixedly provided on the guide rail slider, and the telescopic reset assembly and the swing reset assembly are fixedly provided on the guide rail slider through the connecting frame.
[0014] Preferably, the telescopic reset assembly includes a telescopic reset spring, which is vertically arranged, with one end connected to the connecting frame and the other end connected to the top of the telescopic rod; the swing reset assembly includes a swing reset spring, which is horizontally arranged, with one end connected to the connecting frame and the other end connected to the top of the swing arm.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting a single displacement sensor, this utility model can detect the wheel end face runout and the wheel tread radial runout through the swing arm and the telescopic rod respectively. It has a small overall size and simple structure, and can be set up for wheelset pressing machines to realize real-time measurement during the pressing process, which greatly improves production efficiency and effectively reduces detection costs. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a view of the connection structure of the combined measuring device for the wheelset pressing machine;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the combined measuring device used for wheelset pressing machines;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined measuring device used in the wheelset pressing machine;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram for measuring the inner distance and the wheel end face runout.
[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram for measuring the radial runout of a wheel tread.
[0021] The numbers in the diagram represent:
[0022] 1-Guide rail slider; 2-Telescopic rod; 3-Telescopic guide sleeve; 4-Swing arm; 5-Mandrel; 6-Telescopic reset assembly; 7-Swing reset assembly; 8-Drop displacement sensor; 9-Cantilever rod; 10-Synchronous arm; 11-Connecting rod; 12-Reset arm; 13-Swing head; 14-Probe; 15-Contact pin; 16-Center hole; 17-Connecting frame; 18-Linear guide rail; 19-Linear displacement sensor; 20-Axle; 21-Wheel. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of this utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 A view of the connection structure of the combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machine (without the connecting frame); Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the combined measuring device used in the wheelset pressing machine.
[0026] The combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machines of this utility model includes a guide rail slider 1, a telescopic rod 2, a telescopic guide sleeve 3, a swing arm 4, a mandrel 5, a telescopic reset assembly 6, a swing reset assembly 7, and a runout displacement sensor 8. The telescopic reset assembly 6, the swing reset assembly 7, and the runout displacement sensor 8 are fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider 1. The telescopic reset assembly 6 is positioned corresponding to the telescopic rod 2, and the swing reset assembly 7 is positioned corresponding to the swing arm 4. The telescopic guide sleeve 3 is fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider 1. The telescopic rod 2 is vertically mounted inside the telescopic guide sleeve 3. The mandrel 5 is vertically fixedly mounted on the outside of one side of the guide rail slider 1. The mandrel 5 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 4. A cantilever rod 9 is provided at the top of the telescopic rod 2. The cantilever rod 9 is connected to the runout displacement sensor 8. The probe 14 of the sensor 8 is in contact with the cantilever rod 9, which is positioned between the telescopic reset assembly 6 and the telescopic rod 2. The telescopic rod 2 drives the cantilever rod 9 to move vertically. The vertical movement distance of the cantilever rod 9 is measured by the jump displacement sensor 8, thereby detecting the extension stroke of the telescopic rod 2. A synchronous arm 10 is fixedly provided on one side of the swing arm 4, and a connecting rod 11 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the cantilever rod 9. The connecting rod 11 is in contact with the synchronous arm 10. The swing arm 4 is connected to the swing reset assembly 7 through the reset arm 12. The swing arm 4 maintains a vertical balance under the combined elastic force of the telescopic reset assembly 6 and the swing reset assembly 7. The telescopic rod 2 maintains a stable position under the elastic force of the telescopic reset assembly 6 and the limiting action of the telescopic guide sleeve 3.
[0027] Generally, a telescopic hole is vertically provided inside the guide rail slider 1, the telescopic guide sleeve 3 is provided corresponding to the telescopic hole, the telescopic rod 2 is provided inside the telescopic hole, and the cantilever rod 9 is provided above the guide rail slider 1, thereby facilitating the installation of the telescopic reset assembly 6 and the jump displacement sensor 8.
[0028] Preferably, in the initial state, the swing arm 4 is arranged parallel to the telescopic rod 2, and the spindle 5 is arranged perpendicular to the telescopic rod 2, which facilitates the arrangement of the swing arm 4 so that the swing arm 4 can make contact measurements on both the left and right wheels.
[0029] The bottom height of the telescopic rod 2 is lower than the bottom height of the swing arm 4, thereby avoiding interference between the swing arm 4 and the wheel when the bottom of the telescopic rod 2 contacts the wheel tread for measuring the radial runout of the wheel tread.
[0030] Specifically, the reset arm 12 and the swing head 13 are respectively disposed at both ends of the swing arm 4, and the swing reset component 7 and the synchronization arm 10 are respectively disposed on the same side of the swing arm 4. When the swing head 13 moves clockwise, the swing reset component 7 provides a counterclockwise elastic force to restore the swing arm 4 to a vertical state. When the swing head 13 moves counterclockwise, the synchronization arm 10 drives the connecting rod 11 and the cantilever rod 9 to move vertically upward, and the telescopic reset component 6 provides a vertical downward elastic force to restore the swing arm 4 to a vertical state. The opposing elastic forces provided by the telescopic reset component 6 and the swing reset component 7 ensure a stable vertical balance for the swing arm 4.
[0031] The swing head 13 is configured as a spherical or disc-shaped object, and the diameter of the swing head 13 is larger than the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the telescopic rod 2, thereby avoiding interference between the telescopic rod 2 and the wheel when the side of the swing head 13 contacts the wheel end to measure the wheel end face bounce.
[0032] Preferably, a contact pin 15 is vertically arranged on the synchronizing arm 10, and the upper end face of the contact pin 15 is hemispherical. The synchronizing arm 10 is connected to the connecting rod 11 through the contact pin 15, and the hemispherical end of the contact pin 15 ensures the transformation of the circumferential motion of the synchronizing arm 10 into the vertical linear movement of the connecting rod 11.
[0033] Preferably, the end of the swing arm 4 is provided with a central hole 16, the spindle 5 is disposed in the central hole 16, and the swing arm 4, the reset arm 12 and the synchronizing arm 10 are all arranged radially with the central hole 16 as the center, so as to ensure that each arm body is subjected to force so that the swing arm 4 rotates stably clockwise or counterclockwise around the spindle 5.
[0034] Generally, a connecting frame 17 is fixedly provided on the guide rail slider 1, and the telescopic reset component 6 and the swing reset component 7 are fixedly provided on the guide rail slider 1 through the connecting frame 17.
[0035] Specifically, the telescopic reset assembly 6 includes a telescopic reset spring, which is vertically arranged, with one end connected to the connecting frame 17 and the other end connected to the top of the telescopic rod 2, so as to ensure the telescopic reset effect of the telescopic rod 2; the swing reset assembly 7 includes a swing reset spring, which is horizontally arranged, with one end connected to the connecting frame 17 and the other end connected to the top of the swing arm 4, so as to ensure the swing reset effect of the swing arm 4.
[0036] Preferably, the combined measuring device for wheelset pressing machine of the present invention further includes a linear guide rail 18, the guide rail slider 1 is slidably connected to the linear guide rail 18 and can move horizontally and linearly along the linear guide rail 18, and a linear displacement sensor 19 is fixedly installed on the guide rail slider 1. The linear displacement sensor 19 detects the movement distance of the guide rail slider 1 on the linear guide rail 18 to detect the inner distance of the wheelset.
[0037] This invention, by setting a single displacement sensor 8, can detect the wheel end face runout and the wheel tread radial runout through the swing arm 4 and the telescopic rod 2 respectively. It is compact in size and simple in structure, and can be set up for wheelset pressing machines to realize real-time measurement during the pressing process, which greatly improves production efficiency and effectively reduces testing costs.
[0038] Example 2
[0039] Specifically, the linear guide rail 18 is stationary, and the guide rail slider 1 forms a linear motion pair with the linear guide rail 18, moving linearly relative to the linear guide rail 18. When the guide rail slider 1 moves relative to the linear guide rail 18, the linear displacement sensor 19 outputs the displacement data of the guide rail slider 1. When no external force is applied, the swing arm 4 is held in a fixed position by the swing return spring. When an external force is applied, the swing return spring deforms, causing the swing arm 4 to swing. When the external force is removed, the swing arm 4 returns to its initial position. The telescopic rod 2 is parallel to the stationary swing arm 4 and can extend and retract linearly. One end of the telescopic return spring is in contact with one end of the telescopic rod 2. When no external force is applied, the telescopic rod 2 is held in a fixed position by the telescopic return spring. When an external force is applied, the telescopic return spring deforms, causing the telescopic rod 2 to move towards the spring. When the external force is removed, the telescopic rod 2 returns to its initial position by the telescopic return spring.
[0040] The jump displacement sensor 8 is equipped with a linearly movable probe 14, which remains stationary. The displacement of the probe 14 is the output value of the jump displacement sensor 8. The telescopic rod 2 has a laterally extending cantilever rod 9. The probe 14 of the jump displacement sensor 8 contacts the cantilever rod 9 and can extend and retract with the cantilever rod 9, measuring the vertical displacement of the telescopic rod 2. A connecting rod 11 extends from one side of the cantilever rod 9. The synchronizing arm 10 on the swing arm 4 contacts the connecting rod 11. When the synchronizing arm 10 swings, it pushes the connecting rod 11, causing the cantilever rod 9 and the probe 14 to move linearly together, thus measuring the swing amplitude of the synchronizing arm 10. The synchronizing arm 10 and the swing head 13 are at different distances from the center of the spindle 5; the swing amplitude of the swing head 13 is measured through conversion.
[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined measuring device used in the wheelset pressing machine; the length between the contact point of the synchronous arm 10 and the connecting rod 11 and the axis of the spindle 5 is L2, and the length between the swing head 13 and the axis of the spindle 5 is L1. When the swing head 13 receives an external force and undergoes a lateral displacement D1, the swing arm 4 rotates by an angle α, i.e., according to the trigonometric function relationship D1=sinα*L1).
[0042] The synchronizing arm 10 rotates at an angle α along with the swing arm 4. The longitudinal displacement of the contact point between the synchronizing arm 10 and the connecting rod 11 is D2. According to the trigonometric function relationship D2=L2*sinα, D2 is the measured value of the jump displacement sensor 8. Therefore, the horizontal displacement value measured by the swing head 13 is D1=D2*(L1 / L2).
[0043] Example 3
[0044] The measurement method for a wheelset pressing machine described in this utility model employs the combined measurement device for the wheelset pressing machine; the linear guide rail 18 is arranged parallel to the axle 20 of the wheelset; the swing head 13 is positioned between the two wheels 21 of the wheelset; the inner distance of the wheelset is measured by the linear displacement sensor 19, the bounce displacement sensor 8, and the swing arm 4; the end face bounce of the wheel 21 is measured by the bounce displacement sensor 8 and the swing arm 4; and the radial bounce of the wheel 21 tread is measured by the bounce displacement sensor 8 and the telescopic rod 2.
[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4A schematic diagram for measuring the inner distance and the end face runout of wheel 21; the inner distance measurement of the wheelset is performed using the combined measuring device for the wheelset pressing machine, specifically including:
[0046] The guide slider 1 moves along the linear guide rail 18 toward one side of the wheel 21 until the swing head 13 contacts the wheel 21 and swings. The first side linear data s1 measured by the linear displacement sensor 19 and the first side jump data m1 measured by the jump displacement sensor 8 are recorded. Then the guide slider moves along the linear guide rail 18 toward the other side of the wheel 21 until the swing head 13 contacts the other side of the wheel 21 and swings. The second side linear data s2 measured by the linear displacement sensor 19 and the second side jump data m2 measured by the jump displacement sensor 8 are recorded.
[0047] At this time, the displacement change of the linear displacement sensor 19 is s2-s1;
[0048] The displacement change of the swing head 13 is (m2-m1)x(L1 / L2);
[0049] The diameter of the swing head 13 is φF;
[0050] The formula for calculating the inner distance L of the wheelset is: L=(s2-s1)-(m2-m1)x(L1 / L2)+F.
[0051] Example 4
[0052] In this embodiment, the wheel 21 end face runout is measured using the combined measuring device for the wheelset pressing machine, specifically including:
[0053] Move the guide rail slider 1 until the swing head 13 contacts the inner end face of the wheel 21 on the side to be tested and swings. The wheel 21 rotates at least one revolution around the axle 20. The swing head 13 bounces slightly against the inner end side of the wheel 21. During the rotation of the wheel 21, the maximum value measured by the bounce displacement sensor 8 is recorded as the first end face bounce data m31, and the minimum value measured by the bounce displacement sensor 8 is recorded as the second end face bounce data m32.
[0054] The formula for calculating the runout T of the end face of the wheel 21 is: T1=(m31-m32)x(L1 / L2).
[0055] Example 5
[0056] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5A schematic diagram for measuring the radial runout of the wheel tread 21; the radial runout measurement of the wheel tread 21 is performed using the combined measuring device for the wheelset pressing machine, specifically including:
[0057] Move the guide rail slider 1 to move the telescopic rod 2 above the wheel 21 on the side to be tested. The axis of the telescopic rod 2 intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the axle 20. Make the bottom of the telescopic rod 2 contact the tread of the wheel 21. The wheel 21 rotates at least one revolution around the axle 20. The telescopic rod 2 against the tread of the wheel 21 will bounce slightly. During the rotation of the wheel 21, record the maximum value measured by the bounce displacement sensor 8 as the first tread bounce data m41, and the minimum value measured by the bounce displacement sensor 8 as the second tread bounce data m42.
[0058] The formula for calculating the radial runout T2 of the wheel tread is: T2 = m41 - m42.
[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalents can be made within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present utility model, all of which will fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A combined measuring device for a wheelset presser, characterized in that, The device includes a guide rail slider, a telescopic rod, a telescopic guide sleeve, a swing arm, a spindle, a telescopic reset assembly, a swing reset assembly, and a jump displacement sensor. The telescopic reset assembly, the swing reset assembly, and the jump displacement sensor are fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider. The telescopic guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider. The telescopic rod is vertically mounted inside the telescopic guide sleeve. The spindle is vertically fixed to the outside of one side of the guide rail slider and is rotatably connected to the swing arm. A cantilever is provided at the top of the telescopic rod and is in contact with the probe of the jump displacement sensor. The cantilever is positioned between the telescopic reset assembly and the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod drives the cantilever to move vertically. A synchronization arm is fixedly mounted on one side of the swing arm, and a connecting rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the cantilever, which is in contact with the synchronization arm. The swing arm is connected to the swing reset assembly through a reset arm.
2. The combined measuring device for wheelset press-fitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide rail slider has a vertically penetrating telescopic hole, the telescopic guide sleeve is provided corresponding to the telescopic hole, the telescopic rod is provided in the telescopic hole, and the cantilever rod is provided above the guide rail slider.
3. The combined measuring device for wheelset press-fitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the initial state, the swing arm is arranged parallel to the telescopic rod, and the spindle is arranged perpendicular to the telescopic rod.
4. The combined measuring device for wheelset press-fitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom height of the telescopic rod is lower than the bottom height of the swing arm.
5. The combined measuring device for wheelset press-fitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reset arm and the swing head are respectively disposed at both ends of the swing arm, and the swing reset assembly and the synchronization arm are respectively disposed on the same side of the swing arm.
6. The combined measuring device for wheelset press fitting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The swing head is configured as a spherical or disc-shaped object, and the diameter of the swing head is greater than the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the telescopic rod.
7. The combined measuring device for wheelset press-fitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A contact pin is vertically arranged on the synchronizing arm, and the upper end face of the contact pin is hemispherical. The synchronizing arm is connected to the connecting rod through the contact pin.
8. The combined measuring device for wheelset press-fitting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The swing arm has a central hole at its end, the spindle is disposed in the central hole, and the swing arm, the reset arm and the synchronizing arm all extend radially with the central hole as the center.
9. The combined measuring device for wheelset press fitting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, A connecting frame is fixedly installed on the guide rail slider, and the telescopic reset component and the swing reset component are fixedly installed on the guide rail slider through the connecting frame.
10. The combined measuring device for wheelset press fitting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The telescopic reset assembly includes a telescopic reset spring, which is vertically arranged, with one end connected to the connecting frame and the other end connected to the top of the telescopic rod; the swing reset assembly includes a swing reset spring, which is horizontally arranged, with one end connected to the connecting frame and the other end connected to the top of the swing arm.