Functional module insertion detection circuit and system

Abstract

This utility model discloses a functional module insertion detection circuit and system. The circuit includes a functional module, a power supply circuit, a detection circuit, and a processing unit. The functional module has at least one first physical contact and one second physical contact. The power supply circuit is configured to provide a preset voltage to the external functional module via the first physical contact. The detection circuit is connected to the second physical contact and is configured to receive a signal returned through the internal loop path of the functional module when the functional module is inserted, and generate an analog indicator signal related to the contact resistance of the functional module based on the returned signal. The processing unit is connected to the detection circuit and is configured to determine the physical contact quality of the connection based on the analog indicator signal. This utility model improves the reliability, maintainability, and fault tolerance of the system, and ensures the integrity of the detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of module testing of electronic equipment, and in particular to a functional module insertion testing circuit and system. Background Technology

[0002] In modern electronic devices, modular design is becoming increasingly prevalent, allowing users to flexibly replace or add functional modules as needed. However, the quality of the electrical connection between functional modules and the main system directly affects the system's stability and safety. Currently, mainstream insertion detection methods typically rely on switch contact closure, voltage level changes, or simple current sensing to confirm module placement. While these methods can achieve basic connection detection in a static state, they struggle to accurately quantify connection quality (e.g., contact resistance). Especially in high-frequency signal transmission, low-power devices, or high-reliability scenarios, even minor contact defects can trigger system malfunctions or performance degradation.

[0003] Under the above operating conditions, the existing technology has the following defects: relying solely on mechanical switches or resistance detection is susceptible to poor contact, oxidation, or environmental interference, leading to misjudgments (such as false insertion due to poor connection); it only detects physical insertion and does not verify the integrity of the module's functions (such as false insertion due to communication failure). Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: To provide a functional module insertion detection circuit and system, in order to solve at least one technical problem existing in the prior art.

[0005] Technical solution: A functional module insertion detection circuit, wherein the functional module has at least one first physical contact and one second physical contact, comprising:

[0006] The power supply circuit is configured to provide a preset voltage to an external functional module via a first physical contact.

[0007] The detection circuit, connected to the second physical contact, is configured to: receive a signal returned through the loop path inside the functional module via the second physical contact when the functional module is inserted, and generate an analog indication signal related to the contact resistance of the functional module based on the returned signal;

[0008] The processing unit is connected to the detection circuit and is configured to determine the physical contact quality of the connection based on the analog signal.

[0009] According to one aspect of this application, the detection circuit includes at least one voltage divider network configured to provide a reference bias voltage for the second physical contact.

[0010] According to one aspect of this application, the voltage divider network includes a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to a power supply, the other end of which is connected to one end of the second resistor to form an intermediate point, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0011] According to one aspect of this application, the detection circuit further includes a bias resistor connected in series between the midpoint of the voltage divider network and the second physical contact.

[0012] According to one aspect of this application, the detection circuit further includes at least one filter capacitor connected between the signal path of the second physical contact and ground.

[0013] According to one aspect of this application, it also includes a communication interface having communication contacts arranged on the functional module.

[0014] According to one aspect of this application, the processing unit is further configured to confirm successful insertion of the functional module only when the physical contact quality is determined to be satisfactory and a communication handshake is successfully established with the functional module via the communication interface.

[0015] A functional module insertion detection system, comprising:

[0016] The functional module insertion detection circuit according to any of the above technical solutions; and,

[0017] A functional module adapted to the functional module insertion detection circuit, the functional module comprising:

[0018] The module connector has at least one first module contact corresponding to a first physical contact of a functional module insertion detection circuit, and a second module contact corresponding to a second physical contact of the functional module insertion detection circuit; and,

[0019] The conductive loop path physically shorts the contacts of the first module and the contacts of the second module.

[0020] According to one aspect of this application, the conductive loop path is a conductive trace on the printed circuit board of the functional module.

[0021] According to one aspect of this application, the functional module further includes functional circuitry; and the module connector also has communication contacts for transmitting communication signals from the functional circuitry to the functional module insertion detection circuitry.

[0022] Beneficial effects: This invention returns signals through a loop path and generates analog indication signals, which helps to evaluate the actual contact resistance, thereby judging the physical connection quality, improving the system's reliability, maintainability and fault tolerance, and ensuring the integrity of the detection. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This utility model provides a circuit diagram for inserting and detecting a functional module.

[0024] Figure 2 A detection circuit diagram is provided for this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 A circuit diagram showing the connection of a functional module and a detection circuit provided by this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This invention provides a circuit diagram for an MCU. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The study found that electrical detection in existing technologies is susceptible to power fluctuations or electromagnetic interference, resulting in low reliability; and that changes in contact resistance or mechanical wear after long-term use can cause the detection threshold to fail.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a functional module insertion detection circuit is proposed, wherein the functional module has at least one first physical contact and one second physical contact, including:

[0029] The power supply circuit is configured to provide a preset voltage to an external functional module via a first physical contact.

[0030] The detection circuit, connected to the second physical contact, is configured to: receive a signal returned through the loop path inside the functional module via the second physical contact when the functional module is inserted, and generate an analog indication signal related to the contact resistance of the functional module based on the returned signal;

[0031] The processing unit is connected to the detection circuit and is configured to determine the physical contact quality of the connection based on the analog signal.

[0032] This embodiment solves the problem of existing technologies that rely solely on high / low levels to determine presence / absence, failing to identify poor contact (lack of connection) and resulting in low detection reliability. By setting dedicated power supply and detection pins on the functional module, and cooperating with the physical loop of the external module, a sensing circuit including contact resistance is constructed. This generates an analog voltage signal related to the contact resistance value, which is then analyzed by the processing unit. This enables the functional module insertion detection circuit to quantitatively detect the contact quality of the functional module, improving the reliability of physical insertion detection and laying a solid foundation for subsequent functional verification.

[0033] According to one aspect of this application, for accurate measurement, the detection pin requires a stable bias level as a reference. The detection circuit includes at least one voltage divider network configured to provide a reference bias voltage to the second physical contact.

[0034] According to one aspect of this application, the voltage divider network includes a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to a power supply, the other end of which is connected to one end of the second resistor to form an intermediate point, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0035] According to one aspect of this application, the detection circuit further includes a bias resistor connected in series between the midpoint of the voltage divider network and the second physical contact. This is used to couple the reference level of the voltage divider network to the signal in the sensing loop.

[0036] According to one aspect of this application, in order to eliminate glitches and noise interference in the sensing signal, the detection circuit further includes at least one filter capacitor connected between the signal path of the second physical contact and ground.

[0037] This embodiment constitutes a complete, stable, and highly interference-resistant analog signal conditioning circuit, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the contact resistance measurement results.

[0038] Alternatively, instead of using a voltage divider, a constant current source circuit is employed to inject a precise, minute current (e.g., 1mA) into the loopback path; the voltage across the loopback path is directly measured using a high-precision operational amplifier or ADC. According to Ohm's law (U=I×R), since the current I is constant, the measured voltage U will be proportional to the contact resistance R. In a specific embodiment, the constant current source circuit includes: a constant current source module, which can be a dedicated constant current source IC (such as REF200), or a system built from an operational amplifier (Op-Amp), an NPN transistor (or N-MOSFET), and a precision reference voltage source; and a measurement unit, specifically the high-impedance analog-to-digital converter (ADC) input channel of the terminal main controller (MCU). To improve accuracy, a voltage follower (built from another operational amplifier) ​​can be added before the ADC channel. The constant current source's output is connected to the first physical contact of the terminal functional module; the constant current source's input power supply is connected to the terminal's stable power supply (e.g., VCC); the terminal functional module's second physical contact is directly connected to the terminal's ground (GND); the MCU's ADC input pin is connected in parallel between the constant current source's output and the first physical contact via a high-impedance detection line. A constant, minute current (I0) is generated. const The current flows from the constant current source, through the first physical contact, the module's loop path, and the second physical contact, finally flowing into ground. The MCU measures the voltage U on the first physical contact using an ADC. adc According to Ohm's law, U adc = I const ×R 总接触电阻 Therefore, the voltage value directly and linearly reflects the magnitude of the contact resistance. This embodiment is more accurate and has better linearity than the voltage divider method.

[0039] Optionally, the contact resistance (R) to be measured contactThe contact resistance acts as a resistive element in an RC oscillation circuit. Changes in contact resistance will cause changes in the oscillation frequency (f∝1 / RC) or the capacitor charging / discharging time (T∝RC). The main controller (MCU) does not require a high-precision ADC; it only needs to utilize its internal timer / counter module to measure the frequency or time. In a specific embodiment, the RC oscillation circuit includes: a main controller (MCU), requiring at least two general purpose input / output (GPIO) pins and an internal hardware timer / counter module; and a precision capacitor, at least one of known capacitance value and low temperature drift (C). known For example, NPO surface-mount ceramic capacitors. The MCU's GPIO pin 1 (configured as push-pull output) is connected to the first physical contact of the terminal function module; the second physical contact of the terminal function module is connected to the precision capacitor C. known One end (which we call the measurement node); precision capacitor C known The other end is connected to the terminal ground (GND); GPIO pin 2 of the MCU (configured as a high-impedance input, preferably a pin with Schmitt trigger function to improve noise immunity) is also connected to the above measurement node. The MCU sets GPIO_1 low to ensure the capacitor is fully discharged; the MCU pulls GPIO_1 high from low to VCC and starts the internal timer; current flows out from GPIO_1, through the module's loop path (whose resistance is R). contact ), for capacitor C known Charging is initiated; the MCU continuously monitors the level of GPIO_2, and when the voltage of the measured node rises to the logic high level threshold of GPIO_2, the MCU immediately stops the timer; the time t recorded by the timer is proportional to the RC time constant (t∝R). contact ×C known Due to C known It is known that the MCU can accurately calculate the contact resistance R by measuring the time t. contact This embodiment converts the measurement of resistance value into a measurement of time, thus avoiding analog voltage detection.

[0040] Optionally, the loop path under test can be used as one arm of a Wheatstone bridge. By comparing it with three other precision reference resistors, minute changes in contact resistance can be detected with extremely high accuracy. This embodiment enables a laboratory-level precision resistance measurement method.

[0041] Alternatively, only one pull-up or pull-down resistor can be connected to the loopback detection pin, and the voltage divider value can be read by the ADC.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the detection circuit includes: timer U20, resistors R24, R25, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, capacitors C24 and C25. Pins 2, 3, 12, and 21 of timer U20 are grounded; pin 4 of timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R27, and the other end of resistor R27 is connected to a power supply; pin 5 of timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R28, and the other end of resistor R28 is connected to a power supply; pin 6 of timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R29, and the other end of resistor R29 is connected to a power supply; pin 7 of timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R30, and the other end of resistor R30 is connected to a power supply; pin 8 of timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R31, and the other end of resistor R31 is connected to a power supply. The power supply is connected to the source. Pin 13 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R36, and the other end of resistor R36 is connected to the power supply. Pin 14 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R35, and the other end of resistor R35 is connected to the power supply. Pin 15 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R34, and the other end of resistor R34 is connected to the power supply. Pin 16 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R33, and the other end of resistor R33 is connected to the power supply. Pin 17 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R32, and the other end of resistor R32 is connected to the power supply. Pin 22 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R25, and the other end of resistor R25 is connected to the power supply. Pin 23 of Timer U20 is connected to one end of resistor R24, and the other end of resistor R24 ​​is connected to the power supply. Pin 24 of Timer U20 is connected to both the power supply and one end of capacitors C24 and C25. The other ends of capacitors C24 and C25 are grounded.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, in another embodiment of this application, contact 1A of functional module X20 is connected to one end of filter capacitor C51, and the other end of filter capacitor C51 is connected to contact 2A of functional module X20; contact 3A of functional module X20 is connected to one end of diode TVS30, and the other end of diode TVS30 is grounded; contact 4A of functional module X20 is connected to one end of diode TVS33, and the other end of diode TVS33 is grounded; contact 5A of functional module X20 is simultaneously connected to one end of resistor R45 and resistor R48, the other end of resistor R45 is connected to the power supply, and the other end of resistor R48 is connected to one end of filter capacitor C57, and the other end of filter capacitor C57 is grounded. Contact 7A of module X20 is connected to one end of diode TVS36, and the other end of diode TVS36 is grounded. Contact 8A of functional module X20 is connected to one end of diode TVS39, and the other end of diode TVS39 is grounded. Contact 1 of functional module X20 is connected to the power supply. Contact 2 of functional module X20 is grounded. Contact 3 of functional module X20 is connected to pin 4 of chip D25. Contact 4 of functional module X20 is connected to pin 2 of chip D25. Contact 7 of functional module X20 is connected to one end of filter capacitor C54, and the other end of filter capacitor C54 is grounded. Contact 8 of functional module X20 is connected to one end of filter capacitor C60, and the other end of filter capacitor C60 is grounded.

[0044] According to one aspect of this application, a communication interface is also included, having communication contacts arranged on the functional module. This embodiment solves the problem that physical detection alone cannot confirm whether the internal chip or function of the module is intact (i.e., false insertion). By integrating the hardware contacts of the communication interface on the same functional module, the terminal has the ability to perform physical and functional verification simultaneously through the same physical interface.

[0045] According to one aspect of this application, the processing unit is further configured to confirm successful insertion of the functional module only when the physical contact quality is determined to be satisfactory and a communication handshake is successfully established with the functional module via the communication interface. This embodiment effectively integrates physical detection results and functional detection results to make a final accurate judgment. The processing unit requires both physical contact quality and successful communication handshake to be met simultaneously. Through this dual verification mechanism, various misjudgments caused by poor contact or module malfunction are completely eliminated, achieving highly reliable module in-situ detection.

[0046] According to one aspect of this application, a functional module insertion detection system includes:

[0047] The functional module insertion detection circuit described in any of the above embodiments; and,

[0048] A functional module adapted to the functional module insertion detection circuit, the functional module comprising:

[0049] The module connector has at least one first module contact corresponding to a first physical contact of a functional module insertion detection circuit, and a second module contact corresponding to a second physical contact of the functional module insertion detection circuit; and,

[0050] The first functional circuit physically short-circuits the contacts of the first module and the contacts of the second module. The first functional circuit can be a conductive loop path.

[0051] This embodiment, starting from the overall system, defines a set of mutually cooperating terminals and modules to ensure the complete implementation of this application. The detection circuit requires a specific structure on the module side to function. The functional module is inserted into the detection circuit and combined with the module having a specific conductive loop path to jointly constitute a complete detection system.

[0052] According to one aspect of this application, the conductive loop path is a conductive trace on the printed circuit board of the functional module.

[0053] According to one aspect of this application, the functional module further includes a second functional circuit; and the module connector also has communication contacts for transmitting communication signals from the second functional circuit to the functional module insertion detection circuit. This embodiment clarifies that the module being detected is a smart device with actual functionality, rather than merely a dummy load providing a loopback, thereby emphasizing the necessity of performing multimodal detection.

[0054] Optionally, the module does not need to implement a complex communication protocol stack; it only needs to output a fixed-frequency pulse signal (heartbeat signal) on a dedicated pin. The terminal only needs to detect whether this pulse is present on the pin to determine that the module is powered on and the main chip is working. In a specific embodiment, on the module, a GPIO pin of its MCU (configured as an output) is connected to a dedicated heartbeat signal contact on the module connector; on the terminal, the functional module contact corresponding to this heartbeat signal contact is connected to a GPIO pin of the terminal MCU (configured as an input, preferably a pin that supports external interrupts). The module's firmware is written so that once power-on initialization is complete, its MCU will continuously toggle the level of the heartbeat GPIO pin at a fixed frequency (e.g., 5Hz). The terminal MCU monitors its corresponding input pin; if it detects this expected periodic pulse signal, it considers the module functionally alive.

[0055] Optionally, a single-bus protocol (such as 1-Wire) can be used. Only one data cable is needed between the terminal and the module for power supply and bidirectional communication. This embodiment can complete complex handshakes and data exchanges, verifying functional integrity.

[0056] Optionally, after physical insertion is detected, the module performs a functional handshake with the terminal via near-field wireless methods such as NFC and Bluetooth (BLE). This embodiment avoids the need to set communication contacts on the physical functional module, and performs a handshake with the module through standard communication protocols (such as UART / USB) to verify whether its logical functions are complete.

[0057] Optionally, the loopback path on the module is not physically shorted, but connected via an analog switch (such as a MOSFET) controlled by the module's MCU. Normally disconnected, the switch is only closed by the module MCU when the terminal requests a self-test via a communication command, forming a temporary loop for terminal testing. In a specific embodiment, the module side includes the module MCU and an external low-on-resistance N-channel MOSFET (or an analog switch IC). The first physical contact of the module connector is connected to the drain of the MOSFET; the second physical contact of the module connector is connected to the source of the MOSFET; and the gate of the MOSFET is connected to a GPIO pin of the module MCU (configured as an output). The module MCU outputs a low level on its GPIO pin, the MOSFET is off, and the first and second physical contacts are disconnected. The terminal sends a command to the module via a separate communication line (such as UART), for example, to perform a contact resistance self-test. After receiving the command, the module MCU pulls high the GPIO pin controlling the MOSFET gate, turning on the MOSFET and thus forming a low-resistance conductive path between the first and second physical contacts. The module replies to the terminal via the communication line that the loop is closed and to begin testing. The terminal then executes its resistance testing process. After the test is complete, the terminal can send the command again, or the module can automatically pull the GPIO low after a timeout to break the loop. This embodiment avoids signal interference that may be caused by the loop path during communication.

[0058] Alternatively, instead of a direct short circuit in the loopback path, a precision surface-mount resistor of known resistance (e.g., 1Ω) is connected in series. During measurement, the terminal reads the total resistance as the contact resistance plus 1Ω. By subtracting the known 1Ω, the contact resistance can be calculated more accurately, and the functionality of the loopback itself can be determined.

[0059] According to another aspect of this application, a multimodal module insertion detection device is characterized by comprising:

[0060] The USB signal quality detection module connects to the USB interface of each module slot to detect USB communication quality and output a quality detection signal; the power supply fault detection module monitors the power supply status of each module slot and outputs a fault detection signal; the status management module connects to the main control module via an I2C interface, receives the quality detection signal and the fault detection signal, and outputs an enable control signal to the power supply fault detection module; the main control module, based on the multimodal detection information obtained from the status management module, fuses and analyzes the quality detection signal and the fault detection signal to generate control commands to achieve a comprehensive judgment of the module insertion status.

[0061] Optionally, the USB signal quality detection module includes multiple USB signal quality detection units, each of which is a KCMS2012PT900 device; the differential signal input terminal of the KCMS2012PT900 device is connected to the USB differential signal line of the corresponding module slot, and the output terminal of the KCMS2012PT900 device is connected to the input terminal of the status management module through a signal conditioning circuit; the signal conditioning circuit includes a filter capacitor and a current limiting resistor connected in series.

[0062] Optionally, it also includes a hierarchical protection module, which includes a multi-level transient voltage suppressor protection network. The protection network corresponding to each module slot includes: a first-level transient voltage suppressor, which is set on the input signal path to provide primary protection for the input signal; and a second-level transient voltage suppressor, which is set on the output signal path to provide secondary protection for the output signal. The first-level transient voltage suppressor and the second-level transient voltage suppressor form a ladder protection structure, providing dual voltage protection for each module slot.

[0063] Optionally, the power supply fault detection module includes multiple power switch units, each of which is an ET20164 device. The ET20164 device has a power input terminal, a power output terminal, an enable control terminal, and a fault detection terminal. The fault detection terminal is connected to the input terminal of the state management module through a feedback circuit, and the enable control terminal is connected to the output terminal of the state management module, forming a closed-loop feedback structure for power control and fault detection.

[0064] Optionally, the status management module includes an I / O expander, which is an NCA9555 device with multiple GPIO inputs and multiple GPIO outputs. The GPIO inputs are connected to detection signals from the USB signal quality detection module and the power failure detection module, respectively. The GPIO outputs are connected to the enable control terminals of each power switch unit in the power failure detection module, respectively. The I / O expander communicates bidirectionally with the main control module via the I2C bus.

[0065] like Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the MCU circuit includes: a chip U10, capacitors C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, and C19, resistors R16, R17, R18, and R19, and an oscillator Y10. Pin 1 of chip U10 is connected to the power supply. Pin 5 of chip U10 is connected to both pin 1 of oscillator Y10 and one end of capacitor C14. The other end of capacitor C14 is connected to both pin 4 of oscillator Y10 and ground. Pin 6 of chip U10 is connected to one end of resistor R19. The other end of resistor R19 is connected to both pin 3 of oscillator Y10 and one end of capacitor C17. The other end of capacitor C17 is connected to both pin 2 of oscillator Y10 and ground. Pin 7 of chip U10 is connected to both capacitor C16 and one end of resistor R18. The other end of capacitor C16 is connected to pin 8 of chip U10 and ground. The other end of resistor R18 is connected to the power supply and one end of capacitor C15. The other end of capacitor C15 is grounded. Pin 23 of chip U10 is grounded. Pin 24 of chip U10 is connected to one end of capacitors C18 and C19 and the power supply. The other ends of capacitors C18 and C19 are grounded. Pin 32 of chip U10 is connected to one end of resistor R17. Pin 33 of chip U10 is connected to one end of resistor R16. Pin 35 of chip U10 is grounded. Pin 36 of chip U10 is connected to one end of capacitors C12 and C13 and the power supply. The other ends of capacitors C12 and C13 are grounded. Pin 47 of chip U10 is grounded. Pin 48 of chip U10 is connected to one end of capacitors C10 and C11 and the power supply. The other ends of capacitors C10 and C11 are grounded.

[0066] In another embodiment of this application, a module insertion detection system based on multimodal signal fusion includes a detection module, a control unit, and a dynamic calibration module. The detection module includes a hardware layer and a communication layer; the hardware layer consists of insertion detection pins and a voltage divider circuit; the insertion detection pins are used to detect the physical insertion state of the module; the voltage divider circuit is used to detect contact resistance; the communication layer has built-in UART and USB communication interfaces and supports custom protocol handshakes; the control unit executes state machine logic to coordinate hardware detection and communication verification; the dynamic calibration module records historical detection data based on a sliding window algorithm and dynamically adjusts the resistance threshold, which can eliminate the influence of environmental temperature drift and electromagnetic interference.

[0067] According to one aspect of this application, a module insertion detection method based on multimodal signal fusion is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0068] The first trigger signal is generated by detecting the physical insertion event of the module through the first pin of the functional module.

[0069] The terminal uses a voltage divider between the first and second resistors, then passes through a filter capacitor and a third resistor to the second pin of the terminal's functional module. The voltage is then collected and calculated to determine the contact resistance between the module and the motherboard, and a second trigger signal is generated by combining this with a dynamic threshold algorithm.

[0070] Through the first and second communication interfaces, the third and fourth communication interfaces, a communication protocol is used to handshake with the module, verify its functional integrity, and generate a third trigger signal.

[0071] When the first, second, and third trigger signals are simultaneously satisfied, the module is determined to have been successfully inserted; otherwise, it is determined that no module has been inserted.

[0072] According to one aspect of this application, a method for module insertion detection based on multimodal signal fusion includes:

[0073] Initialization: Set the initial resistance threshold and start the low-power monitoring mode. The control board triggers a hardware self-test command, sequentially activating the insertion detection circuit, voltage divider resistor network, and communication interface. It sets a pre-stored reference resistance value based on the module specifications and verifies the power supply and signal integrity of each module. If an anomaly is detected, it exits the module insertion detection program by flashing LEDs or outputting an error code via UART.

[0074] Event Triggered: A change in the physical insertion state of the module is detected by the signal conditioning circuit.

[0075] Hardware verification: The contact resistance value is collected by a precision voltage divider circuit network. If the contact resistance value is less than the set value and the stabilization time is greater than the set value, proceed to the next step; otherwise, it is determined to be a poor contact and a warning is triggered.

[0076] Communication verification: The MCU sends a probe command and waits for the module's response. If N consecutive communications are successful, the module is considered to be functioning normally; otherwise, the module is considered to be malfunctioning, and a warning is triggered.

[0077] Dynamic calibration: A circular buffer is established, and the mean of the sliding window is used to calculate and record the mapping relationship between ambient temperature and resistance offset, so as to achieve adaptive threshold update.

[0078] Output: A system-level event has been triggered, and the module detection is complete.

[0079] This embodiment incorporates multimodal signal fusion detection, redundancy fault tolerance mechanisms, and low-power optimization to ensure the integrity and reliability of the detection process. A hardware-level detection loop is formed by inserting detection pins, a communication interface, and a voltage divider circuit. The control unit executes state machine logic to coordinate hardware detection and communication verification. By adding dynamic verification, redundancy fault tolerance mechanisms, and low-power optimization, reliable detection can be achieved under complex electromagnetic and temperature / humidity conditions.

[0080] It should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this utility model will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

Claims

1. A functional module insertion detection circuit, wherein, The functional module has at least one first physical contact and one second physical contact, characterized in that it includes: The power supply circuit is configured to provide a preset voltage to an external functional module via a first physical contact. The detection circuit, connected to the second physical contact, is configured to: receive a signal returned through the loop path inside the functional module via the second physical contact when the functional module is inserted, and generate an analog indication signal related to the contact resistance of the functional module based on the returned signal; The processing unit is connected to the detection circuit and is configured to determine the physical contact quality of the connection based on the analog signal.

2. The functional module plug-in detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The detection circuit includes at least one voltage divider network configured to provide a reference bias voltage for the second physical contact.

3. The functional module plug-in detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The voltage divider network includes a first resistor and a second resistor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply, and the other end is connected to one end of the second resistor to form a midpoint. The other end of the second resistor is grounded.

4. The functional module plug-in detection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The detection circuit also includes a bias resistor connected in series between the midpoint of the voltage divider network and the second physical contact.

5. The functional module plug-in detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection circuit also includes at least one filter capacitor connected between the signal path of the second physical contact and ground.

6. The functional module plug-in detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a communication interface with communication contacts arranged on the functional modules.

7. The functional module insertion detection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The processing unit is also configured to confirm successful insertion of the functional module only when the physical contact quality is determined to be up to standard and a communication handshake is successfully established with the functional module via the communication interface.

8. A functional module insertion detection system, characterized by include: The functional module insertion detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7; as well as, A functional module adapted to the functional module insertion detection circuit, the functional module comprising: The module connector has at least one first module contact corresponding to a first physical contact of a functional module insertion detection circuit, and a second module contact corresponding to a second physical contact of a functional module insertion detection circuit. as well as, The conductive loop path physically shorts the contacts of the first module and the contacts of the second module.

9. The functional module plug-in detection system of claim 8, wherein, The conductive loop path is the conductive trace on the printed circuit board of the functional module.

10. The functional module plug-in detection system of claim 8, wherein, The functional module also includes functional circuitry; and the module connector also has communication contacts for transmitting communication signals from the functional circuitry to the functional module insertion detection circuitry.

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