A visualized simulation extensor tendon suture training platform

Abstract

This utility model relates to a visual simulation training platform for suturing extensor tendons. Its overall shape is a human hand model, including fingers, palm, and wrist. It also includes: a simulated skin layer mounted on the outer surface of the hand model; slots on the back of the hand side of the fingers; a bone layer mounted in the slots of the fingers to simulate the five digits of the human hand; a circular damping shaft at the finger joints of the bone layer, through which the finger joints rotate; and a tendon mounted in the slots of the fingers on the surface of the bone layer. The tendon includes a fingertip segment and a root segment, with the fingertip segment connected to the fingertip and the root segment connected to a push-pull force sensor; a certain gap is left between the fingertip and root segments. The metacarpophalangeal joints flex and extend via the circular damping shafts, thereby simulating the process of regulating the tension of flexor and extensor muscles. Push-pull force sensors are used to monitor the tension received by the simulated tendons being sutured in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical training equipment technology, and in particular to a visual simulation extensor tendon suturing training platform. Background Technology

[0002] The hand is an indispensable organ for normal human life, work, and study, and it is also a common type of injury in various accidents. Hand injuries are often complex, frequently involving damage to the skin, bones, blood vessels, and tendons. Therefore, surgery typically requires multiple surgical techniques, including debridement, fracture fixation, tendon anastomosis, and vascular anastomosis. In medical education, teaching models are important tools to help medical students and doctors master surgical techniques. Extensor tendon injuries are common hand injuries requiring surgical repair. Due to the complex structure and delicate movements of the extensor mechanism, there are many types of injuries, each requiring different surgical approaches. Therefore, it is necessary to meet the requirements of various practice scenarios. In actual clinical practice, improper tendon suturing can lead to tendon adhesions, affecting hand function. However, the core point in reconstructing the extensor mechanism is to balance the tension between the flexor and extensor muscles during suturing, achieving a resting position for the hand after suturing. Therefore, medical students and doctors need to continuously practice tendon suturing techniques to fully master them, ensuring tendon healing and functional recovery after tendon anastomosis. In medical education, teaching models are an important tool to help medical students or doctors master surgical techniques.

[0003] Traditional tendon suturing teaching aids, such as the published patent CN2919418Y, a medical surgical operation training kit, can be used for training or skills assessment in basic surgical operations such as incision, suturing, instrument knotting, and suture cutting, as well as hand surgical operations such as tendon suturing, vascular anastomosis, nerve suturing, and treatment of common hand injuries, as needed. However, this utility model patent can only provide practice of simple suturing methods, has poor stability, cannot simulate real extensor tendon injuries, cannot monitor and provide feedback on the suturing effect during the suturing process, cannot simulate tendon suturing of complex injuries, and cannot simulate the process of adjusting the balance between flexor and extensor muscle tension in real surgery. It lacks the anatomical structure of the hand; it cannot assess whether the tension balance between the flexor and extensor muscles after suturing can allow the metacarpophalangeal (interphalangeal) joints to reach the resting position of the hand; it cannot monitor and provide feedback on the suturing effect during the suturing process, nor quantify the tension of the tendons during the repair process; moreover, hand injuries are mostly complex injuries, often accompanied by damage to tissues such as skin, bone, blood vessels, and tendons. Traditional tendon suturing teaching aids cannot meet the practice requirements under the condition of complex injuries, which limits the trainees' understanding and mastery of the key points of tendon suturing techniques.

[0004] Therefore, developing a tendon suturing teaching aid with high simulation of appearance and structure, capable of accommodating different injury types, meeting various practice scenarios, simulating the process of adjusting flexor and extensor muscle tension during suturing, and able to monitor and provide feedback on suturing effects and simulate comprehensive injuries is of great significance for the skills training of medical students and the technical improvement of doctors, so as to popularize and improve the level of treatment for hand injuries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a visual simulation training platform for extensor tendon suturing. This platform offers a highly realistic structure and appearance, accommodating various injury types, including hammer toe and buttonhole deformities. It can meet diverse practice scenarios, simulate the adjustment of flexor and extensor muscle tension during suturing, monitor and provide feedback on suturing effectiveness, and simulate comprehensive injuries. This tendon suturing aid facilitates medical students and doctors' understanding and mastery of key techniques during tendon suturing practice, thereby better popularizing and improving the treatment level of hand injuries. Specifically, the technical solution of this invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows:

[0006] A visual simulation training platform for suturing extensor tendons, its overall shape being a human hand model, including fingers, palm, and wrist; also including:

[0007] A simulated skin layer is installed on the outer surface of the hand model; the fingers have grooves on the back of the hand.

[0008] A bone layer is installed in the slot of the finger section to simulate the five finger bones of a human hand; the bone layer is provided with a circular damping pivot at the finger joint, and the finger joint rotates through the circular damping pivot; so that the finger has a certain damping when it is extended;

[0009] A tendon is installed in a groove in the finger portion on the surface of the bone layer; the tendon includes a fingertip segment and a finger root segment, the end of the fingertip segment is connected to the fingertip, and the end of the finger root segment is connected to a push-pull force sensor; a certain gap is left between the fingertip segment and the finger root segment;

[0010] A push-pull force sensor includes an elastic connection part, a display part, and a control part; the elastic connection part is disposed and installed on the back of the hand of the palm, and its connection point passes through the inside of the back of the hand and is connected to the finger root segment at the finger root position; the display part and the control part are disposed and installed on the wrist and are connected to the elastic connection part along the outside of the back of the hand.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a tendon sheath layer; the tendon sheath layer is fixedly installed on the bone layer, and the tendon sheath layer is an arched hollow structure protruding towards the back of the hand, the axis of which is the same as the extension direction of the bone in the bone layer; the tendon sheath layer has two segments, the root segment and the tip segment are respectively located in the two segments of the tendon sheath layer.

[0012] Furthermore, protruding buckles are provided on both sides of the fingertip position within the groove of the finger portion to engage and fix the fingertip segment.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic connection part includes a body and a clamping end. The clamping end includes a fixed shell, a pressing post, and a clip. The clip is located at the bottom of the fixed shell, and a through hole is provided at the top of the fixed shell. The pressing post is movably installed on the top of the fixed shell through the through hole. The bottom of the pressing post is located directly above the pressing end of the clip, and the opening end of the clip is directly opposite the base of the finger.

[0014] Furthermore, the simulated skin layer is made of a mixture of R-6010A silicone rubber and R-6010B silicone rubber; the tendon is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; and the bone layer is made of polyvinyl chloride material.

[0015] Furthermore, the tendon sheath layer is made of silicone rubber.

[0016] Furthermore, the gap between the fingertip segment and the finger root segment is between 0.4 and 0.8 cm.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a support plate, which is installed on the palm surface of the human hand model and fixedly connected to the palm and wrist respectively, for supporting the human hand model.

[0018] The working principle is as follows: This structure simulates a ruptured extensor tendon. The extensor tendon is located on the dorsal side of the finger, with its proximal end connecting to the extensor muscles on the dorsal side of the forearm and its distal end connecting to the middle phalanx. Its main function is to pull the phalanx to complete the finger extension movement. The flexor tendon is located on the palmar side of the finger, with its proximal end connecting to the flexor muscles on the palmar side of the forearm and its distal end connecting to the phalanx. Its main function is to pull the phalanx to complete the finger flexion movement. When the extensor tendon ruptures, due to the large and intact tension of the flexor muscles and the special structure of the lateral bundles of the extensor tendon, the interphalangeal joints are usually flexed deformed by the traction of the hand flexor muscles, and the interphalangeal joints are in a passive, inability to straighten. During the simulated surgery, by placing a circular damping shaft 13 with an adjustable torque range at the simulated human metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints, the metacarpophalangeal joints can be flexed and extended. By adjusting the damping of the circular damping shaft 13, the resistance generated by the tension of the flexor muscle group that needs to be resisted during the actual suturing of the extensor tendon is simulated.

[0019] During suturing practice and assessment, the process of suturing and tightening a ruptured extensor tendon while resisting damped interphalangeal joint flexion simulates the adjustment of flexor and extensor muscle tension during suturing. A push-pull force sensor monitors the changes in tension before and after tendon suturing in real time and records the intensity of the resistance. If the tension changes excessively or there is an imbalance between flexor and extensor muscle tension during the operation, it indicates an error in the suturing technique, prompting feedback on the correctness of the procedure. Furthermore, changes in tension and whether the hand reaches a resting position are used to determine the tightness of the tendon suture.

[0020] The simulated skin layer 4 is composed of a mixture of R-6010A and R-6010B silicone rubber; it simulates the appearance and feel of human skin and provides space and position for tendon suturing, facilitating suturing training. The tendon sheath layer 16 is made of silicone rubber, which is soft and elastic, adapting to and protecting the normal function of the tendon; the tendon is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, which has good toughness, wear resistance, and low elasticity, avoiding interference with the tension of the pressure sensor. One side of the tendon is connected to a spring-type capacitive pressure sensor, which monitors the change in tension before and after tendon suturing to reflect the suturing effect in real time. The bone layer 12 is made of polyvinyl chloride, which has good wear resistance and good plasticity, greatly replicating the real bone structure.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] (i) Simulates the characteristics of real hand structure and extensor tendons, including the layered structure of simulated skin layer, metacarpophalangeal joint layer, tendon layer, and bone layer, as well as simulated extensor tendon models of central and lateral bundles; designs simulated tendons for different injury types, including hammer finger and button deformity, to meet the requirements of various training scenarios.

[0023] (ii) Simulating the core points of suturing: The metacarpophalangeal joints move through flexion and extension via a circular damped pivot with an adjustable torque range, thereby simulating the process of regulating the tension of the flexor and extensor muscles. By adjusting the damping of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints to an appropriate ratio, the appearance of the fingers during suturing of mallet finger and buttonhole deformity tendons can be simulated, as well as the tension between the flexor and extensor tendons that needs to be balanced during the suturing process.

[0024] (iii) Visualization of operation process and results: A push-pull force sensor is fixed to one side of the simulated tendon, which can effectively monitor the tension received by the simulated tendon being sutured in real time during the suturing operation, and evaluate whether there are defects in the suturing process and whether the suturing result meets the requirements based on the tension.

[0025] (iv) Adjustable process and result monitoring: When performing tendon suturing, the range of reference values ​​for the change in tension before and after tendon suturing can be set according to different suturing methods and practice and assessment requirements. When the change in tension during the operation is within the set range and reaches the resting position of the hand, it indicates that the operation is effective. When it exceeds the range or does not reach the resting position of the hand, the alarm system is triggered to indicate that the operator has made an error and the tendon is not sutured tightly.

[0026] (v) Replaceable components minimize damage caused by repeated use or excessive operation, as well as the problem of decreased monitoring sensitivity;

[0027] (vi) A comprehensive training platform. This utility model also includes a model of tendon rupture with fracture, which is suitable for use in comprehensive injury simulation surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bone layer structure described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic connection part structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the elastic connection part in use according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] In the diagram: 1—finger section, 11—groove, 12—bone layer, 13—circular damping pivot, 14—finger tip, 15—finger root, 16—tendon sheath layer, 17—protruding buckle; 2—palm section; 3—wrist section; 4—simulated skin layer; 5—elastic connection section, 51—fixed shell, 52—downward pressure column, 53—clamp; 6—display section; 7—control section. Detailed Implementation

[0035] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0036] A visual simulation training platform for suturing extensor tendons is shaped like a human hand model, including a finger part 1, a palm part 2, a wrist part 3, a simulated skin layer 4, a bone layer 12, a tendon, a push-pull force sensor, a tendon sheath layer 16, and a support plate.

[0037] The simulated skin layer 4 is made of a mixture of R-6010A and R-6010B silicone rubber; it simulates the appearance and feel of human skin and provides space and position for suturing tendons, facilitating suturing training. The simulated skin layer 4 is installed on the outer surface of the hand model; the finger section 1 has a groove 11 on the back of the hand. Within the groove 11 of the finger section 1, protruding buckles 17 are provided on both sides of the fingertip position to engage and fix the fingertip segment 14.

[0038] The bone layer 12 is installed in the slot 11 of the finger section 1 to simulate the bones of the five fingers of a human hand. The bone layer 12 has a circular damping pivot 13 at the finger joint, through which the finger joint rotates, providing damping when the finger is extended. The damping is adjustable. The bone layer 12 is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which has good wear resistance and plasticity, greatly replicating the structure of real bones.

[0039] A tendon is installed in a slot 11 in the finger portion 1, located on the surface of the bone layer 12. The tendon includes a fingertip segment 14 and a finger root segment 15. The end of the fingertip segment 14 connects to the fingertip, and the end of the finger root segment 15 connects to a push-pull force sensor. A certain gap is left between the fingertip segment 14 and the finger root segment 15. The gap between the fingertip segment 14 and the finger root segment 15 is between 0.4 and 0.8 cm. The tendon is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). UHMWPE has good toughness, wear resistance, and low elasticity, which can avoid affecting the tension of the pressure sensor. One side of the tendon is connected to a spring-type capacitive pressure sensor, which monitors the change in tension value before and after tendon suturing to reflect the suturing effect in real time.

[0040] The push-pull force sensor includes an elastic connection part 5, a display part 6, and a control part 7. The elastic connection part 5 is installed on the back of the hand of the palm part 2, and its connection point passes through the inside of the back of the hand and connects to the root segment 15 at the base of the finger part 1. The display part 6 and the control part 7 are installed on the wrist part 3 and are connected to the elastic connection part 5 along the outside of the back of the hand. The elastic connection part 5 includes a body and a clamping end. The clamping end includes a fixing shell 51, a pressing post 52, and a clip 53. The clip 53 is located at the bottom of the fixing shell 51, and a through hole is provided at the top of the fixing shell 51. The pressing post 52 is movably installed on the top of the fixing shell 51 through the through hole. The bottom of the pressing post 52 is located directly above the pressing end of the clip 53, and the open end of the clip 53 is directly opposite the base of the finger part 1.

[0041] The tendon sheath layer 16 is fixedly installed on the bone layer 12. The tendon sheath layer 16 is an arched hollow structure protruding towards the back of the hand, and its axis is the same as the extension direction of the bone in the bone layer 12. The tendon sheath layer 16 has two segments, the root segment 15 and the tip segment 14, which are respectively located in the two segments of the tendon sheath layer 16. The tendon sheath layer 16 is made of silicone rubber, which is soft and elastic, and can adapt to and protect the normal function of the tendon.

[0042] The support plate is installed on the palm of the human hand model and is fixedly connected to the palm part 2 and the wrist part 3 respectively, to support the human hand model.

[0043] When an extensor tendon ruptures, due to the high and intact flexor muscle tension and the special structure of the lateral bundles in the extensor tendons, the interphalangeal joints are usually deformed by the traction of the hand flexor muscles, resulting in a passive, inability to straighten. In simulated surgery, by placing a circular damping shaft 13 with an adjustable torque range at the simulated human metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints, flexion and extension movements of the metacarpophalangeal joints can be performed. By adjusting the damping of the circular damping shaft 13, the resistance generated by the flexor muscle tension needs to be countered during real extensor tendon suturing. During suturing practice and assessment, the process of suturing and tightening the ruptured extensor tendon while counteracting the flexion of the damped interphalangeal joints simulates the process of adjusting flexor and extensor muscle tension during suturing. The push-pull force sensor can monitor the changes in tension value before and after tendon suturing in real time and record the intensity of resistance. If the tension changes too much during the operation, or if there is an imbalance between the tension of the flexor and extensor muscles, it indicates that there is a technical error in the suturing operation, thus indicating whether the operation is correct. At the same time, the tightness of the tendon suture can be judged by whether the tension changes and whether the hand reaches the resting position.

[0044] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within its protection scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A visualized simulation extensor tendon suture training platform, the overall shape of which is a human hand model, comprising a finger part (1), a palm part (2) and a wrist part (3); characterized in that, include: A simulated skin layer (4) is installed on the outer surface of the hand model; the finger part (1) has a groove (11) on the back of the hand. A bone layer (12) is installed in the slot (11) of the finger part (1) to simulate the five finger bones of a human hand; the bone layer (12) is provided with a circular damping pivot (13) at the finger joint, and the finger joint rotates through the circular damping pivot (13); A tendon is installed in a slot (11) of the finger portion (1) on the surface of the bone layer (12); the tendon includes a fingertip segment (14) and a finger root segment (15), the end of the fingertip segment (14) is connected to the fingertip, and the end of the finger root segment (15) is connected to a push-pull force sensor; a certain gap is left between the fingertip segment (14) and the finger root segment (15); The push-pull force sensor includes an elastic connection part (5), a display part (6), and a control part (7); the elastic connection part (5) is installed on the back of the hand of the palm part (2), and its connection point passes through the inside of the back of the hand and is connected to the root segment (15) of the finger part (1); the display part (6) and the control part (7) are installed on the wrist part (3) and are connected to the elastic connection part (5) along the outside of the back of the hand.

2. The visualized simulated extensor tendon suture training platform of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a tendon sheath layer (16); the tendon sheath layer (16) is fixedly installed on the bone layer (12), the tendon sheath layer (16) is an arched hollow structure protruding towards the back of the hand, and its axis is the same as the extension direction of the bone in the bone layer (12); the tendon sheath layer (16) has two segments, the finger root segment (15) and the finger tip segment (14) are respectively located in the two segments of the tendon sheath layer (16).

3. The visualized simulated extensor tendon suture training platform of claim 1, wherein: The finger section (1) has protruding buckles (17) on both sides of the fingertip position in the groove (11) for locking and fixing the fingertip segment (14).

4. The visualized simulated extensor tendon suture training platform of claim 1, wherein: The elastic connecting part (5) includes a body and a clamping end. The clamping end includes a fixed shell (51), a pressing post (52), and a clip (53). The clip (53) is located at the bottom of the fixed shell (51). A through hole is provided at the top of the fixed shell (51). The pressing post (52) is movably installed at the top of the fixed shell (51) through the through hole. The bottom of the pressing post (52) is located directly above the pressing end of the clip (53). The opening end of the clip (53) is directly opposite the root of the finger (1).

5. The visual simulation extensor tendon suturing training platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated skin layer (4) is made of a mixture of R-6010A silicone rubber and R-6010B silicone rubber; the tendon is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; and the bone layer (12) is made of polyvinyl chloride.

6. The visual simulation extensor tendon suturing training platform as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The tendon sheath layer (16) is made of silicone rubber.

7. The visualized simulated extensor tendon suture training platform of claim 1, wherein: The gap between the fingertip segment (14) and the finger root segment (15) is between 0.4 and 0.8 cm.

8. The visualized simulated extensor tendon suture training platform of claim 1, wherein: Further comprising a support plate, which is arranged to be installed on the palm center of the human hand model and fixedly connected with the palm part (2) and the wrist part (3) respectively, for supporting the human hand model.

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