Vibration energy to electrical energy conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator

Abstract

This invention provides a vibration energy-to-electricity conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerators, belonging to the field of vibration energy recovery and self-powered technology. The device comprises: a mover assembly including a support rod and at least one mover plate, the support rod passing through and fixed to the mover plate; a stator assembly including at least one stator plate with a hole in the center for the support rod to pass through, and the stator plate and mover plate arranged alternately; and a housing placed in a vibration environment to house the mover assembly and the stator assembly. This invention employs a lightweight structure. In a vibration environment, the mover assembly moves and rubs against the stator assembly to generate electrical charge, thereby converting vibration energy into electrical energy. The device does not require a large vertical space; any low-frequency vibration can cause the mover assembly to move, thus ensuring efficient energy conversion and facilitating the continuous utilization of electrical energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration energy recovery and self-powered technology, specifically to a vibration energy-to-electrical energy conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional battery-powered sensors require periodic battery replacements, generally do not use clean energy sources, have high maintenance costs, and suffer from monitoring blind spots. Vibration energy is a widely distributed and continuous clean energy source; wind vibration, mechanical vibration, and human movement vibration all contain a large amount of recoverable vibration energy. However, vibration energy recovery suffers from problems such as low recovery efficiency, limited structural design, and integration conflicts with power supply, resulting in existing vibration energy collection devices being characterized by poor low-frequency response and large size, failing to meet long-term stable power supply requirements. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a vibration energy-to-electrical energy conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator. This vibration energy-to-electrical energy conversion device converts vibration energy into electrical energy based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator, so as to achieve efficient recycling of low-frequency vibration energy by adopting a small and lightweight structure.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a vibration energy-to-electrical energy conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising: a mover assembly including a support rod and at least one mover plate, the support rod passing through and fixed to the mover plate; a stator assembly including at least one stator plate with a hole in the middle for the support rod to pass through, and the stator plate and the mover plate being arranged alternately; and a housing placed in a vibration environment for accommodating the mover assembly and the stator assembly, wherein one of the mover plate and the stator plate has a dielectric layer material coated on its surface.

[0005] Optionally, it also includes a slide rail, which is fixed to the housing and movably connected to the support rod. When the support rod moves along the slide rail, it drives the actuator assembly to move in the vertical direction.

[0006] Optionally, a sliding rod is also included, which is located inside the support rod, passes through the hollow support rod, and is fixed at the top of the housing and at the bottom of the housing.

[0007] Optionally, the distance between adjacent stator segments is equal to the distance between adjacent mover segments.

[0008] Optionally, the distance between adjacent stator segments is 2~4mm; the distance between adjacent mover segments is 2~4mm.

[0009] Optionally, the dielectric layer material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, and silicone.

[0010] Optionally, the housing is fixed to the edge of the stator laminations on the sidewall.

[0011] Optionally, the support rod is made of high-carbon steel; the mover and stator plates are made of low-carbon steel.

[0012] Optionally, the vibration energy to electrical energy conversion device is connected to the electrical energy utilization / collection device via a transmission line. One end of the electrical energy utilization / collection device is electrically connected to the end of the stator lamination near the side wall of the housing via a transmission line, and the other end is electrically connected to the support rod via a transmission line.

[0013] Optionally, multiple stator segments can be connected in parallel via transmission lines.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, this utility model adopts a lightweight structure, housing the mover assembly and stator assembly within the casing. In a vibration environment, the mover assembly moves and rubs against the stator assembly to generate electrical charge, thereby converting vibrational energy into electrical energy. Although this vibration energy-to-electricity conversion device also employs a vertical contact separation mode for power generation, it does not require a large vertical space. Any low-frequency vibration can cause the mover assembly to move, generating electricity through friction, thus ensuring efficient energy conversion and facilitating the continuous utilization of subsequent electrical energy. This device can provide continuous power support for IoT sensors and other devices, and its small size allows it to adapt to various complex vibration environments.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this utility model embodiment will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the vibration energy-electric energy conversion device proposed in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is to utilize Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit connection for the device to collect / utilize electrical energy.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0020] 11 is the moving segment, 12 is the support rod, 2 is the stator segment, 3 is the housing, 4 is the slide rod, 5 is the dielectric layer, and 6 is the transmission line. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the acquisition, transmission, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application all comply with relevant laws and regulations. In the embodiments of this application, certain existing industry solutions such as software, components, and models may be mentioned. These should be considered exemplary, intended only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application, and do not imply that the applicant has already used or necessarily used such solutions.

[0023] Currently, vibration energy recovery faces challenges such as low recovery efficiency, limited structural design, and conflicts between integration and power supply. Specifically, low-frequency vibration energy recovery efficiency is low: traditional electromagnetic generators rely on high-speed motion and have poor response to low-frequency vibrations (e.g., frequencies <50Hz), resulting in low energy conversion efficiency; while piezoelectric materials can collect low-frequency vibrations, their output power is limited and they are easily affected by ambient temperature and humidity, leading to insufficient stability. Structural design limits adaptability: existing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) mostly employ vertical contact-separation or sliding modes, but the vertical contact mode requires a large vertical space, and the sliding mode is prone to material wear, making both unsuitable for complex vibration environments (e.g., multi-angle vibrations, small-amplitude vibrations). Integration and power supply conflicts: miniaturized electronic devices (e.g., wireless sensors) have stringent requirements for the size of power supply modules, but existing vibration energy harvesting devices struggle to achieve efficient energy conversion and storage within limited space, resulting in insufficient endurance of self-powered systems.

[0024] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are a novel type of energy conversion device. Their core principle is the efficient conversion of weak mechanical energy from the environment into electrical energy through the coupling of triboelectric and electrostatic induction effects. Compared to traditional power generation technologies, TENGs have the following significant advantages: Wide energy harvesting range: They can utilize widely available mechanical energy in nature, such as sound waves, raindrop impacts, and biological motion; Self-driving characteristics: They can integrate sensing and power supply without an external power source, making them suitable for remote or extreme environments; Strong material compatibility: They can be prepared using low-cost, environmentally friendly materials such as polymers and biomass. The working mechanism of TENGs has evolved from early qualitative descriptions to a theoretical system based on the motional Maxwell's equations. By introducing a dielectric polarization current term, the physical process of force-electric-magnetic coupling has been revealed, providing theoretical support for performance optimization.

[0025] To address the above issues, this invention proposes a vibration energy-to-electricity conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerators, which collects vibration energy and converts it into electrical energy. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1This vibration energy-to-electricity conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerators includes a mover assembly, a stator assembly, and a housing 3. Both the mover and stator assemblies employ a stacked structure. The mover assembly moves due to the conduction of vibration energy, while the stator assembly is fixed to the housing 3. A dielectric layer 5, made of a dielectric material, is provided on the surface of either the stator or the mover assembly. The mover assembly includes a support rod 12 and at least one mover plate 11, with the support rod 12 penetrating and fixed to the mover plate 11. The stator assembly includes at least one stator plate 2 with a hole in the center for the support rod 12 to pass through, and the stator plates 2 and mover plates 11 are arranged alternately. The housing 3, placed in the vibration environment, houses the mover and stator assemblies. The housing 3 can be fixed to the side walls and the edges of the stator plates 2. In response to vibrational energy, the moving plate 11 moves along with the support rod 12. During this movement, the stator plate 2 (or moving plate 11) with a dielectric layer coating rubs against the uncoated moving plate 11 (or stator plate 2), resulting in charge transfer and converting vibrational energy into electrical energy, thus forming a contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator structure. Due to its small and lightweight structure, it can collect low-frequency vibrational energy and convert it into usable electrical energy, without being limited by the frequency of the vibrational energy, resulting in high conversion efficiency.

[0026] To ensure the stability of the mover assembly during vibration, avoid poor contact due to misalignment, and improve the reliability of the device, a guide structure is also provided at the mover assembly. This invention proposes two guide structures. The first guide structure uses a slide rod 4, which is located inside the support rod 12, passing through the hollow support rod 12. Its upper end is fixed to the top of the housing 3, and its lower end is fixed to the bottom of the housing 3. During vibration, the slide rod 4 remains stationary, while the support rod 12 moves vertically up and down along the slide rod 4, thereby driving the mover plate 11 to move up and down, rubbing against the stator plate 2 in the vertical direction, increasing the friction area. The second guide structure uses a slide rail, which is fixed to the housing 3 and movably connected to the support rod 12. In this case, the support rod 12 can be a solid structure. When the support rod 12 moves along the slide rail, it drives the mover assembly to move vertically.

[0027] The distances and relationships between stator laminations 2 and between mover laminations 11 can be adaptively adjusted according to energy conversion requirements. In this invention, the distance between adjacent stator laminations 2 is equal to the distance between adjacent mover laminations 11. The distance between adjacent stator laminations 2 is 2~4mm; the distance between adjacent mover laminations 11 is 2~4mm.

[0028] The support rod 12 can be made of steel or iron. The mover plate 11 and stator plate 2 are both made of steel. In this embodiment, the support rod 12 is made of high-carbon steel; the mover plate 11 and stator plate 2 are made of low-carbon steel.

[0029] The housing 3 provides protection and support for the entire device and can be made of ABS plastic.

[0030] The number and size of the stator laminations 2 and the mover laminations 11 can be adjusted adaptively. For example, increasing the number of layers or increasing the area can increase the effective contact separation area, thereby improving the charge and energy output.

[0031] Different dielectric layer materials can achieve different energy conversion efficiencies. Based on comparative experiments, a material combination with a more significant triboelectric effect is selected to optimize the energy conversion efficiency. In this embodiment, the dielectric layer material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimide, and silicone. A PTFE dielectric layer material is applied to the surface of stator lamination 2.

[0032] Please see Figure 2 The vibration energy to electrical energy conversion device based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator proposed in this invention is connected to an electrical energy utilization / collection device via transmission line 6. One end of the electrical energy utilization / collection device is electrically connected to the end of the stator lamination 2 near the side wall of the housing 3 via transmission line 6, and the other end is electrically connected to the support rod 12 via transmission line 6. Multiple stator laminations 2 are connected in parallel via transmission line 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the housing 3 has dimensions of 6cm in length, 4cm in width, and 3cm in height. The support rod 12 has a diameter of 5mm and a length that matches the height of the housing 3, slightly lower than the height of the housing 3. The moving plate 11 is rectangular, 5.6cm in length, 3.6cm in width, and 1mm in thickness, and is evenly fitted onto the iron column, with a spacing of 2-4mm between adjacent steel plates. The stator plate 2 is also rectangular, 3.6cm in length, 2.8cm in width, and 1mm in thickness, with a spacing of 2-4mm between adjacent steel plates, consistent with the spacing between adjacent moving plates 11, and is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 3. The dielectric layer material is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, which is applied to the surface of the stator plate 2 facing the moving plate 11 using a special adhesive. When the device is placed in a vibrating environment, the moving component reciprocates relative to the stator component under vibration, and the moving plate 11 and the polytetrafluoroethylene dielectric layer on the stator plate 2 continuously come into contact and separate. During contact, due to the triboelectric effect, equal amounts of opposite charges are generated on the surfaces of the steel sheet and the dielectric layer; upon separation, the charges redistribute, forming an electric current, thus converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, based on the triboelectric effect, vibrational mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. This device, through the cross-arrangement of multiple sets of steel sheets, can effectively capture broadband vibration energy in the 0.2-200Hz frequency range, improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0034] This invention aims to address the problems of ineffective utilization of vibration energy in natural and industrial settings, as well as the high cost, pollution, and poor adaptability of IoT sensors relying on wired power supplies or batteries. It provides a vibration energy to electrical energy conversion device that can efficiently collect vibration energy from the environment and stably convert it into electrical energy, providing continuous power support for IoT sensors and other devices. The device is also small in size and can adapt to various complex vibration environments.

[0035] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0036] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration energy-electric energy conversion device based on the principle of a frictional nanogenerator, characterized by, include: The moving part assembly includes a support rod (12) and at least one moving part piece (11), the support rod (12) passing through the moving part piece (11) and being fixed to the moving part piece (11); A stator assembly includes at least one stator lamination (2) with a central hole for the support rod (12) to pass through, and the stator lamination (2) and the moving lamination (11) are arranged alternately; and The housing (3), placed in a vibration environment, is used to house the mover assembly and the stator assembly. The surface of either the moving piece (11) or the stator piece (2) is coated with a dielectric layer material. 2.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a slide rail, which is fixed to the housing (3) and movably connected to the support rod (12). When the support rod (12) moves along the slide rail, it drives the moving part assembly to move in the vertical direction. 3.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a slide bar (4), which is located inside the support rod (12), passes through the hollow support rod (12), and has its upper end fixed to the top of the housing (3) and its lower end fixed to the bottom of the housing (3). 4.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, The distance between adjacent stator segments (2) is equal to the distance between adjacent moving segments (11). 5.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, The distance between adjacent stator segments (2) is 2-4 mm; the distance between adjacent moving segments (11) is 2-4 mm. 6.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, The dielectric layer material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, and silicone. 7.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, The housing (3) is fixed to the side wall and the edge of the stator plate (2). 8.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, The support rod (12) is made of high carbon steel; the moving plate (11) and the stator plate (2) are made of low carbon steel. 9.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of the friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein, The vibration energy-electric energy conversion device is connected to the power utilization / collection device via a transmission line (6). One end of the power utilization / collection device is electrically connected to the end of the stator lamination (2) near the side wall of the housing (3) via the transmission line (6), and the other end is electrically connected to the support rod (12) via the transmission line (6). 10.The vibration energy-electricity conversion device based on the principle of friction nanogenerator of claim 9, wherein, Multiple stator segments (2) are connected in parallel via the transmission line (6).

Images