Horizontal assemblies, photovoltaic structures and rooftop power generation systems

Abstract

This utility model discloses a horizontal assembly, a photovoltaic structure, and a roof power generation system. The roof power generation system includes a roof layer, purlins, main drainage channels, a photovoltaic structure, and a fastening structure. The roof layer slopes downwards along its length and is parallel to the slope. Purlins are laid on the roof layer, and several rows of main drainage channels are set on the purlins. Brackets are set on the main drainage channels, and the two ends of the brackets are connected to the main drainage channels through the fastening structure. The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the roof power generation system forms a good water-blocking effect due to the overlapping of the upper and lower frames of each row of photovoltaic panels and the sealing effect of sealant or soft rubber strips; even if the sealing effect fails, water can still drain from the auxiliary drainage channels; and each row of photovoltaic panels is spliced ​​together by a longitudinal assembly, and corresponding main drainage channels are set at the bottom, so that the photovoltaic panels are not only installed stably, but also have water-blocking and drainage functions, effectively enhancing the anti-leakage function of the roof layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to horizontal assemblies, photovoltaic structures and rooftop power generation systems. Background Technology

[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) systems are a new concept in photovoltaic power generation, representing a perfect combination of solar photovoltaic systems and modern architecture. In building design, photovoltaic modules are installed on the exterior surface of the building structure to provide electricity, integrating the solar power generation system with roofs, skylights, curtain walls, and other architectural elements. The construction of green and environmentally friendly buildings is creating a new global trend.

[0003] As an important component of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems, photovoltaic modules have a significant impact on the design, construction, installation effects, and system costs of BIPV projects due to their structural characteristics. Existing photovoltaic modules are prone to water accumulation after being assembled.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN202120789298.4 discloses a photovoltaic module array, which includes multiple photovoltaic modules that are sequentially adjacent to each other. Each photovoltaic module has a frame around its perimeter. At least one side of the frame of the photovoltaic module is a first frame, which can cover the frame of another adjacent photovoltaic module and thus splice the two adjacent photovoltaic modules together.

[0005] Although it can prevent water accumulation in adjacent photovoltaic modules, it does not have a drainage function because the first frame covers the frame of the adjacent photovoltaic module to block water.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: to solve the problem of drainage of photovoltaic modules.

[0008] This utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0009] This utility model claims protection for a horizontal assembly, including an upper frame and a lower frame, with the lower frame provided on one side of the upper frame, adjacent sides fitting together, and opposite sides recessed to form spaces, the spaces being located on the same inclined surface.

[0010] This invention features an upper and lower frame with recessed spaces on opposite sides to fix the components to be assembled. The upper and lower frames are then fitted together to form a whole, enabling the rapid assembly of two adjacent components.

[0011] Preferably, a protruding panel and / or a recessed groove are provided on one side of the upper frame, which are fitted together with another recessed groove and / or a protruding panel on the corresponding side of the lower frame to form a similar side.

[0012] It is not limited to setting the panel on the top edge; it can also be designed to set the panel on the bottom edge, as long as the bottom edge and the side of the top edge that are close to each other fit together.

[0013] Preferably, the panel includes a horizontal panel and an L-shaped panel, with the horizontal panel positioned above one side of the upper frame and the L-shaped panel positioned below the same side of the upper frame.

[0014] The style of the panel is not limited to horizontal panels and L-shaped panels, as long as it can fit into the corresponding groove of the bottom frame.

[0015] Preferably, pressure plates and frames are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on opposite sides of the upper and lower borders, with the pressure plates and frames forming spaces together with the corresponding upper or lower borders.

[0016] The pressure plate suspension end has a hook-shaped structure, which ensures smooth insertion of the component without obstruction during forward insertion. When the component is pulled out in the reverse direction, the hook structure effectively creates a hooking effect. This not only tightly presses the component together to prevent adjacent components from accidentally falling off, but also ensures the sealing of the pressed area, effectively preventing water leakage.

[0017] This utility model also claims protection for a photovoltaic structure using horizontal assemblies, including photovoltaic panels, horizontal assemblies and vertical assemblies. The photovoltaic panels are arranged in an array, with adjacent columns of photovoltaic panels spliced ​​together by vertical assemblies, and adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels spliced ​​together by horizontal assemblies; one side of the photovoltaic panel in the width direction is inserted into the corresponding space.

[0018] To ensure a tight seal after assembly, it is preferable to place sealant or soft adhesive strips between the horizontal plate and the corresponding groove to fill the gap formed by the fitting of the lower and upper frame. Additionally, after the upper and lower frame are fitted together, the L-shaped plate and the corresponding groove form an auxiliary drainage channel to prevent drainage between the lower and upper frame in case the sealant or soft adhesive strip fails.

[0019] By splicing together horizontal and vertical assemblies, the photovoltaic panels form a complete photovoltaic structure.

[0020] Preferably, the longitudinal assembly includes a clamping block, a bracket, a screwing unit, and a third frame, with the third frame provided on both sides of the photovoltaic panel along its length.

[0021] A bracket is provided below the clamping block. The bracket and the middle of the clamping block are close to each other and locked by a screwing unit. The ends of the bracket and the clamping block are far apart from each other and extend to both sides. The ends of the clamping block, the middle of the clamping block, the middle of the bracket, and the ends of the bracket together enclose a second space. The corresponding third frame is embedded in the second space.

[0022] In actual use, the longitudinal assembly is not limited to the space between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels. For example, the photovoltaic panels on both sides of the outermost row can also be fixed by the longitudinal assembly.

[0023] Preferably, the tightening unit is a locking bolt, and locking screw holes are opened in the middle of the bracket and the clamping block respectively, and the locking bolts are engaged in the locking screw holes.

[0024] Tighten the locking bolts to bring the ends of the bracket and clamp closer together or further apart, adjusting the size of the resulting area.

[0025] Preferably, a third pressure plate and a third frame are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side of the third frame. The third pressure plate, the third frame and the corresponding third frame enclose a third space, and one side of the photovoltaic panel along its length is embedded in the third space.

[0026] The third frame is used to cover both sides along the length of the photovoltaic panel, serving as an auxiliary installation and protection function.

[0027] This utility model also claims protection for a roof power generation system using a photovoltaic structure, including a roof layer, purlins, main drainage channels, a photovoltaic structure, and a fastening structure. The roof layer slopes downward along its length and is parallel to the slope. Purlins are laid on the roof layer, and several rows of main drainage channels are set on the purlins. Brackets are set on the main drainage channels, and the two ends of the brackets are connected to the main drainage channels through the fastening structure.

[0028] The rooftop power generation system effectively blocks water by using overlapping upper and lower frames between each row of photovoltaic panels and sealing them with sealant or soft rubber strips. Even if the seal fails, water can still drain through the auxiliary drainage channels. Furthermore, each row of photovoltaic panels is spliced ​​together with longitudinal assemblies and corresponding main drainage channels at the bottom, ensuring that the photovoltaic panels are not only stably installed but also have both water-blocking and drainage functions, effectively enhancing the roof's waterproofing capabilities.

[0029] Preferably, the fastening structure includes fastening bolts and fastening screw holes. The longitudinal section of the main drainage channel is an inverted trapezoidal groove structure. A bracket is provided at the groove opening. Both ends of the bracket extend along the outer wall of the main drainage channel and are respectively provided with fastening screw holes. The fastening bolts are engaged in the fastening screw holes for fixation.

[0030] Extending the bracket along the outer wall of the main drainage channel at both ends ensures a stable connection between the bracket and the main drainage channel. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the transverse assembly in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional diagram from the AA perspective;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third frame in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional diagram from a BB perspective;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rooftop power generation system in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional diagram from a CC perspective;

[0038] Figure 8 A cross-sectional diagram from the perspective of DD.

[0039] 1. Purlins; 2. Main drainage channel;

[0040] 30. Photovoltaic panels;

[0041] 31. Lateral assembly;

[0042] 3101. Horizontal plate; 3102. L-shaped plate; 3103. First pressure plate; 3104. First frame;

[0043] 3111, Second pressure plate; 3112, Second frame;

[0044] 32. Longitudinal assembly; 320. Clamping block; 321. Bracket; 322. Engaging unit;

[0045] 3230, Third pressure plate; 3231, Third frame;

[0046] 4. Fastening structure. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] See Figure 1 This embodiment requires protection of the horizontal assembly, including the upper frame and the lower frame. The number of upper and lower frames is not limited, but they are arranged one by one. Specifically, the lower frame is provided on one side of the upper frame, and the adjacent sides are interlocked with each other.

[0050] Specifically, a panel protrudes from one side of the upper frame. The panel includes a horizontal panel 3101 and an L-shaped panel 3102. The horizontal panel 3101 is set above one side of the upper frame, and the L-shaped panel 3102 is set below the same side of the upper frame.

[0051] Two recessed grooves are provided on one side of the lower frame, making the longitudinal section of the lower frame "F" shaped. The horizontal plate 3101 and the L-shaped plate 3102 are respectively embedded in the two grooves. Therefore, the lower frame and the upper frame are fitted together to form a whole.

[0052] In practical applications, the style of the panel is not limited to horizontal panel 3101 and L-shaped panel 3102, as long as it can fit into the corresponding groove of the lower frame.

[0053] Furthermore, it is not limited to setting a panel on the top border; it can also be designed to set a panel on the bottom border, as long as the bottom border and the top border fit together.

[0054] The upper and lower borders are recessed on opposite sides to form spaces. The opposite side refers to the side of the upper and lower borders that is far away from each other. Specifically, the first pressure plate 3103 and the first frame 3104 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side of the upper border that is far away from the lower border. The first pressure plate 3103, the first frame 3104 and the upper border enclose the first space.

[0055] On the side of the lower frame away from the upper frame, a second pressure plate 3111 and a second frame 3112 are arranged from top to bottom. The second pressure plate 3111, the second frame 3112 and the lower frame enclose a second space. The first space and the second space are located on the same inclined surface.

[0056] Furthermore, the suspension ends of the first pressure plate 3103 and the second pressure plate 3111 are preferably hook-shaped. The first space and the second space being on the same inclined plane means that the top surfaces of the first space and the second space are on the same inclined plane, and the bottom surfaces of the first space and the second space are on the same inclined plane.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 and Figure 4 and Figure 5 This embodiment requires protection of the photovoltaic structure. The horizontal assembly 31 in Embodiment 1 is used to assemble two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30. The photovoltaic structure includes photovoltaic panels 30, horizontal assembly 31 and vertical assembly 32.

[0059] Photovoltaic panel 30, also known as solar panel, can convert sunlight into electrical energy. It is flat and consists of several panels arranged in an array. Adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30 are spliced ​​together by horizontal assembly 31. Specifically, the two sides of the photovoltaic panel 30 in the width direction are respectively inserted into the first space of two adjacent upper frames or the second space of two adjacent lower frames. The adjacent upper and lower frames fit together, so that adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30 are spliced ​​along the length direction.

[0060] Furthermore, in order to ensure the sealing after splicing, it is preferable to set sealant or soft adhesive strip between the horizontal plate 3101 and the corresponding groove to fill the gap formed by the fitting between the lower frame and the upper frame.

[0061] In addition, after the upper and lower frames are fitted together, the L-shaped plate 3102 and the corresponding groove form an auxiliary drainage groove, which is used to prevent drainage between the lower and upper frames when the sealant or soft rubber strip fails.

[0062] In addition, the two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30 are spliced ​​together by a longitudinal assembly 32, which includes a clamping block 320, a bracket 321, a screwing unit 322 and a third frame.

[0063] A third frame is provided on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 30 along its length. Specifically, a third pressure plate 3230 and a third frame 3231 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side of the third frame. The third pressure plate 3230, the third frame 3231 and the third frame enclose a third space, and one side of the photovoltaic panel 30 along its length is embedded in the third space.

[0064] The clamping block 320 has an inverted "V" shape. A bracket 321 is provided below the clamping block 320. The bracket 321 is close to the middle of the clamping block 320, while the bracket 321 is far from the ends of the clamping block 320 and extends to both sides. The ends of the clamping block 320, the middle of the clamping block 320, the middle of the bracket 321, and the ends of the bracket 321 together enclose an area, and a corresponding third frame is fitted into the area.

[0065] The shape of the clamping block 320 is not limited to an inverted "V" shape; it can also be stepped on the side. As long as the height difference between the middle and the end of the clamping block 320 is ensured, and an area is formed between the clamping block 320 and the bracket 321, the photovoltaic panel 30 is embedded on one side along its length within the area, so that two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30 can be joined together along the width direction.

[0066] After assembly, the bracket 321 and the clamping block 320 are locked together by the tightening unit 322. The tightening unit 322 is preferably a locking bolt. The bracket 321 and the clamping block 320 are respectively provided with locking screw holes, and the locking bolts are engaged in the locking screw holes.

[0067] It is worth mentioning that, in actual use, the longitudinal assembly 32 is not limited to the two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30. For example, the photovoltaic panels 30 on both sides of the outermost row can also be fixed by the longitudinal assembly 32.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 and Figure 8 This embodiment requires protection of the roof power generation system. Based on the second embodiment, the photovoltaic structure is installed on the roof layer. The roof power generation system includes the roof layer, purlins 1, main drainage channel 2, photovoltaic structure and fastening structure 4. The roof layer is inclined downward along the length direction and the roof layer is parallel to the inclined surface.

[0070] Purlins 1 are laid on the roof layer, and several rows of main drainage channels 2 are set on the purlins 1. The main drainage channels 2 are used for drainage. The longitudinal section of the main drainage channel 2 is preferably a groove structure with an inverted trapezoidal shape. A bracket 321 is set at the groove opening. Both ends of the bracket 321 extend to the outer wall of the main drainage channel 2 and are respectively opened with fastening screw holes. Fastening bolts are engaged in the fastening screw holes for fixation.

[0071] The process of assembling this rooftop power generation system for water blocking and drainage is as follows:

[0072] First, purlins 1 are laid on the roof layer, and several rows of main drainage channels 2 are laid on the purlins 1. The above installation is all existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0073] Secondly, a bracket 321 is installed on the main drainage channel 2, and the bracket 321 is fixed to the main drainage channel 2 by a fastening structure 4.

[0074] Then, a third frame is installed on both sides of the two photovoltaic panels 30 along their length, and an upper frame and a lower frame are installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panels 30 along their width.

[0075] Next, the upper and lower frames are fitted together in sequence, so that the two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels 30 are joined together; then the screwing unit 322 is locked, so that the adjacent connected photovoltaic panels 30 are joined together, and finally a whole roof power generation system is formed.

[0076] In this embodiment, the rooftop power generation system has a good water-blocking effect due to the overlapping of the upper and lower frames of each row of photovoltaic panels 30 and the sealing effect of sealant or soft rubber strips; even if the sealing effect fails, water can still be drained from the attached drainage channel.

[0077] Each row of photovoltaic panels 30 is spliced ​​together by longitudinal assemblies 32, and corresponding main drainage channels 2 are set at the bottom, so that the photovoltaic panels 30 are not only installed stably, but also have water blocking and drainage functions, effectively enhancing the anti-seepage function of the roof layer.

[0078] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A transverse assembly, characterized in that It includes a top border and a bottom border. The bottom border is set on one side of the top border. The adjacent sides fit together, and the opposite sides are recessed to form spaces. The spaces are located on the same inclined surface.

2. The transverse assembly of claim 1, wherein, A panel protrudes from one side of the upper frame and / or a groove is recessed therein, which fits into another groove and / or a panel protruding from the corresponding side of the lower frame to form a similar side.

3. The transverse assembly of claim 1, wherein, The panel includes a horizontal panel (3101) and an L-shaped panel (3102). The horizontal panel (3101) is set above one side of the upper frame, and the L-shaped panel (3102) is set below the same side of the upper frame.

4. The transverse assembly of claim 1, wherein, Pressure plates and frames are set sequentially from top to bottom on opposite sides of the top and bottom borders. The pressure plates and frames, together with the corresponding top or bottom borders, form spaces.

5. Photovoltaic structure employing the lateral assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes photovoltaic panels (30), horizontal assemblies (31) and vertical assemblies (32). The photovoltaic panels (30) are arranged in an array. Two adjacent columns of photovoltaic panels (30) are spliced ​​together by vertical assemblies (32), and two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels (30) are spliced ​​together by horizontal assemblies (31). One side of the photovoltaic panel (30) in the width direction is inserted into the corresponding space.

6. The photovoltaic structure of claim 5, wherein, The longitudinal assembly (32) includes a clamping block (320), a bracket (321), a screwing unit (322), and a third frame. The third frame is provided on both sides of the photovoltaic panel (30) along its length. A bracket (321) is provided below the clamping block (320). The bracket (321) and the middle part of the clamping block (320) are close to each other and locked by the screwing unit (322). The ends of the bracket (321) and the clamping block (320) are far apart from each other and extend to both sides. The ends of the clamping block (320), the middle part of the clamping block (320), the middle part of the bracket (321) and the ends of the bracket (321) together enclose a second space, and the corresponding third frame is embedded in the second space.

7. The photovoltaic structure of claim 6, wherein, The tightening unit (322) is a locking bolt. The bracket (321) and the clamp (320) have corresponding locking screw holes in the middle, and the locking bolts are engaged in the locking screw holes.

8. The photovoltaic structure of claim 6, wherein, The third frame side is provided with a third pressure plate (3230) and a third frame (3231) from top to bottom. The third pressure plate (3230), the third frame (3231) and the corresponding third frame enclose a third space, and the photovoltaic panel (30) is embedded in one side of the length direction within the third space.

9. A building integrated photovoltaic system according to any of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that It includes a roof layer, purlins (1), main drainage channels (2), photovoltaic structure and fastening structure (4). The roof layer slopes downward along the length direction and is parallel to the slope. Purlins (1) are laid on the roof layer. Several rows of main drainage channels (2) are set on the purlins (1). Longitudinal assemblies (32) are set on the main drainage channels (2). The longitudinal assemblies (32) are connected to the main drainage channels (2) through the fastening structure (4).

10. The building integrated photovoltaic system of claim 9, wherein, The fastening structure (4) includes fastening bolts and fastening screw holes. The longitudinal section of the main drainage channel (2) is an inverted trapezoidal groove structure. A bracket (321) is provided at the groove opening. Both ends of the bracket (321) extend to the outer wall of the main drainage channel (2) and fastening screw holes are opened in each other. Fastening bolts are engaged in the fastening screw holes for fixation.

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