A kind of unloading mechanism for reducing the pressure of machine tool guide rail sliding surface

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of unloading mechanism for reducing machine tool guide rail sliding surface pressure, including upper sliding body, upper sliding body moves and supports in the top of guide rail, the position of the inside of upper sliding body and with guide rail support surface cooperation is processed with through-hole, the inside sliding installation of through-hole is equipped with support seat, the bottom end of support seat is rotatably installed with rolling bearing by support shaft, and rolling bearing and guide rail form rolling fit, the inner top of support seat is equipped with butterfly spring and support pad in proper order, the top of upper sliding body is fixedly installed with flange plate, the central part of flange plate is installed with adjusting screw by thread cooperation, and the bottom end of adjusting screw is in contact with the top end of support pad and is pressed tightly fit.The friction of entire moving component relative to guide rail is reduced, while certain friction is maintained, so that the entire movement is more convenient and fast, and the movement accuracy is also higher, and the structure is easy to install, stable and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool guideway technology, and in particular to an unloading mechanism for reducing the pressure on the sliding surface of machine tool guideways. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional machine tool guideways typically use sliding surface contact for movement, while some use dedicated linear guideways for pure rolling contact. The biggest drawback of sliding surface contact is that the entire weight of the moving parts rests on the guideway, resulting in a high coefficient of friction between the sliding surfaces. This leads to significant frictional forces, requiring larger motors to overcome these frictional forces, increasing costs. Furthermore, the high friction between the sliding surfaces causes wear and tear, reducing reliability. Conversely, using dedicated linear guideways for pure rolling contact reduces rolling friction significantly. While the driving force for the moving parts can be smaller, the weight of the moving parts in a typical machine tool is substantial, generating significant inertia at high speeds. A small motor struggles to accurately control the movement. Additionally, the weak adhesion between the moving parts and the guideway in pure rolling contact makes them susceptible to vibration from external sources. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a load-bearing mechanism for reducing the pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway. Using this mechanism, simply install the load-bearing mechanism in place as required. By turning the adjusting screw, the tightening force of the adjusting screw is transmitted to the rolling bearing through components such as a disc spring. The rolling bearing can roll on the guideway. The reaction force of the adjusting screw acts on the upper sliding body, reducing the pressure of the upper sliding body on the guideway. The adjusting screw is continuously adjustable; when the adjusting screw is tightened, the pressure of the rolling bearing on the guideway increases, and the pressure of the upper sliding body on the guideway decreases. Loosening the adjusting screw... When the screw is tightened, the pressure of the rolling bearing on the guide rail decreases, while the pressure of the upper sliding body on the guide rail increases. In practical applications, the pressure of the rolling bearing on the guide rail is adjusted to account for 70% of the weight of the upper sliding body, and the pressure of the upper sliding body on the guide rail accounts for 30% of the weight of the upper sliding body. Since the rolling bearing rolls relative to the guide rail, and the upper sliding body slides relative to the guide rail, the rolling friction coefficient is much smaller than the sliding friction coefficient. Therefore, the friction of the entire moving part relative to the guide rail is reduced, while maintaining a certain amount of friction, making the entire movement lighter and faster, and the movement accuracy is also higher. This structure is easy to install, stable and reliable.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of this utility model is as follows: A load-bearing mechanism for reducing the pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway includes an upper sliding body, which is movably supported on the top of the guideway. A through hole is machined inside the upper sliding body at a position that mates with the support surface of the guideway. A support seat is slidably installed inside the through hole. A rolling bearing is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the support seat via a support shaft. The rolling bearing and the guideway form a rolling fit. A butterfly spring and a support pad are sequentially installed on the inner top of the support seat. A flange is fixedly installed on the top of the upper sliding body. An adjusting screw is installed in the center of the flange via a threaded fit. The bottom end of the adjusting screw contacts and presses against the top end of the support pad.

[0005] Preferably, the support base is a cylindrical structure. A top cavity for installing a disc spring is machined at the top of the cylindrical structure, and a rectangular groove for installing a rolling bearing is machined at the bottom of the cylindrical structure. Shaft holes for installing a support shaft are machined on both sides of the rectangular groove.

[0006] Preferably, a connecting hole is provided between the top cavity and the rectangular groove.

[0007] Preferably, the height H of the centerline of the shaft hole from the bottom end of the support is less than the radius of the rolling bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the flange is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper sliding body by a plurality of screws.

[0009] Preferably, the rolling bearing is a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. This utility model relates to a load-bearing mechanism and method for reducing sliding surface pressure during machine tool guideway movement. When a moving part moves on the guideway surface, it is in sliding surface contact. When the moving part is very heavy, the pressure on the guideway surface is very large, and the friction generated during their movement is also very large. Through a novel load-bearing mechanism and method for reducing sliding surface pressure, most of the pressure of the moving part on the guideway surface is changed from sliding support to rolling support. The rolling friction coefficient is much smaller than the sliding friction coefficient, so the friction generated during their movement is smaller, making the movement lighter and faster, and the movement accuracy is also higher. This load-bearing mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to install and debug.

[0012] 2. The aforementioned support base facilitates the rotational support of the rolling bearing and also facilitates the installation of the disc spring.

[0013] 3. The aforementioned connecting holes facilitate the subsequent injection of lubricating oil into the support base.

[0014] 4. The above-mentioned height dimension arrangement ensures that the rolling bearing can roll and support the guide rail.

[0015] 5. The above-mentioned fixed installation structure can achieve reliable fixed installation of the flange. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 BB view.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the front view of the support base of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 AA view.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Adjusting screw; 2. Screw; 3. Flange; 4. Support pad; 5. Disc spring; 6. Support seat; 7. Rolling bearing; 8. Upper sliding body; 9. Support shaft; 10. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] See Figure 1-4 A load-bearing mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway includes an upper sliding body 8, which is movably supported on the top of a guideway 10. A through hole 801 is machined inside the upper sliding body 8 at a position that mates with the support surface of the guideway 10. A support seat 6 is slidably installed inside the through hole 801. A rolling bearing 7 is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the support seat 6 via a support shaft 9, forming a rolling fit with the guideway 10. A disc spring 5 and a support pad 4 are sequentially installed on the inner top of the support seat 6. A flange 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the upper sliding body 8. An adjusting screw 1 is threadedly installed at the center of the flange 3, with the bottom end of the adjusting screw 1 contacting and pressing against the top end of the support pad 4. This mechanism transforms most of the pressure on the guideway surface from sliding support to rolling support. The coefficient of rolling friction is much smaller than that of sliding friction, resulting in less friction during movement, making the movement lighter, faster, and more precise. This load-bearing mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to install and debug.

[0025] Furthermore, the support base 6 is entirely cylindrical. A top cavity 601 for mounting the disc spring 5 is machined at the top of the cylindrical structure, and a rectangular groove 603 for mounting the rolling bearing 7 is machined at the bottom. Shaft holes 604 for mounting the support shaft 9 are machined on both sides of the rectangular groove 603. This support base 6 facilitates the rotational support of the rolling bearing 7 and also facilitates the mounting of the disc spring 5.

[0026] Furthermore, a connecting hole 602 is provided between the top cavity 601 and the rectangular groove 603. The connecting hole 602 facilitates the subsequent injection of lubricating oil into the support 6.

[0027] Furthermore, the height H of the axis of the shaft hole 604 from the bottom end of the support 6 is less than the radius of the rolling bearing 7. This height arrangement ensures that the rolling bearing 7 can provide rolling support to the guide rail 10.

[0028] Furthermore, the flange 3 is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper sliding body 8 by a plurality of screws 2. This fixing and mounting structure ensures reliable fixing and mounting of the flange 3.

[0029] Furthermore, the rolling bearing 7 is a cylindrical roller bearing. The use of cylindrical roller bearings enhances its load-bearing capacity.

[0030] The specific working process and principle of this utility model are as follows:

[0031] A method for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1, Assembly of rolling bearing 7:

[0033] The rolling bearing 7 is placed in the rectangular groove 603 of the support seat 6, and the support shaft 9 is inserted into the hole of the support seat 6 and the rolling bearing 7. The rolling bearing 7 can rotate around the support shaft 9 in the rectangular groove 603 of the support seat.

[0034] Step 2, Installation of upper sliding body 8:

[0035] Place the upper sliding body 8 on top of the guide rail 10, and install the assembled support 6 inside the through hole 801 of the upper sliding body 8 until the rolling bearing 7 contacts the guide rail 10.

[0036] Step 3, Installation of disc spring 5:

[0037] Place the disc spring 5 and the support pad 4 into the top cavity 601 of the support seat 6, and connect the flange 3 to the upper sliding body 8;

[0038] Step 4, Adjusting the clamping force between the rolling bearing 7 and the guide rail 10:

[0039] Screw the adjusting screw 1 into the threaded hole of the flange until the adjusting screw 1 contacts the support pad 4. If the adjusting screw 1 is tightened further, the pressure of the rolling bearing 7 relative to the guide rail 10 will gradually increase, and the pressure of the upper sliding body 8 relative to the guide rail 10 will gradually decrease.

[0040] Furthermore, in the specific adjustment process in step 4, the adjusting screw 1 is tightened to a suitable position so that the pressure of the rolling bearing 7 on the guide rail 10 accounts for 70% of the weight of the upper sliding body, and the pressure of the upper sliding body 8 on the guide rail 10 accounts for 30% of the weight of the upper sliding body.

Claims

1. A load-bearing mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway, characterized in that, The upper sliding body (8) is movably supported on the top of the guide rail (10). A through hole (801) is machined inside the upper sliding body (8) at a position that matches the support surface of the guide rail (10). A support seat (6) is slidably installed inside the through hole (801). A rolling bearing (7) is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the support seat (6) through a support shaft (9). The rolling bearing (7) and the guide rail (10) form a rolling fit. A butterfly spring (5) and a support pad (4) are installed in sequence on the inner top of the support seat (6). A flange (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the upper sliding body (8). An adjusting screw (1) is installed in the center of the flange (3) through a threaded fit. The bottom end of the adjusting screw (1) contacts and presses against the top end of the support pad (4).

2. The unloading mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (6) is a cylindrical structure. A top cavity (601) for installing a butterfly spring (5) is machined at the top of the cylindrical structure. A rectangular groove (603) for installing a rolling bearing (7) is machined at the bottom of the cylindrical structure. Shaft holes (604) for installing a support shaft (9) are machined on both sides of the rectangular groove (603).

3. The unloading mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting hole (602) is provided between the top cavity (601) and the rectangular groove (603).

4. The unloading mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height H of the centerline of the shaft hole (604) from the bottom end of the support seat (6) is less than the radius of the rolling bearing (7).

5. The unloading mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flange (3) is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper sliding body (8) by a plurality of screws (2).

6. The unloading mechanism for reducing pressure on the sliding surface of a machine tool guideway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rolling bearing (7) is a cylindrical roller bearing.

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