Glass assembly and vehicle

Abstract

A glass assembly and a vehicle, wherein the glass assembly comprises a glass body and a heating wire, and the glass body is provided with a light transmission area. The light transmission area comprises a first area for transmitting a first optical signal used for a first sensor to identify an obstacle. The heating wire is arranged on at least one side around the first area in the light transmission area. The heating wire comprises a first heating section and a second heating section, the first heating section is closer to the first area relative to the second heating section, and the heating power of the first heating section is greater than that of the second heating section. In the present application, the first heating section with relatively high heating power can improve the heating efficiency of the first area, and the heating effect of each part in the light transmission area can be balanced, so as to ensure that the defrosting and demisting effects of each part in the light transmission area are close to consistent, that is, the first area can be effectively defrosted and demisted while the heating wire avoids the detection area of the first sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, and more specifically to a glass assembly and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The placement of sensors such as cameras and lidar within vehicles is crucial for enabling assisted driving and intelligent driving technologies. These sensors are typically located inside the vehicle's cabin, close to the windshield, allowing them to identify objects in front of the vehicle. However, when condensation or fogging on the windshield appears in the sensor's light-transmitting area, it degrades the quality of the signal acquired by the sensor.

[0003] In existing technologies, heating wires are typically printed on the windshield to generate heat for defrosting and defogging. However, these heating wires are usually evenly distributed on the windshield, with some of them positioned in the light-transmitting area of ​​the sensor. This portion of the heating wires can obstruct the optical signal and cause diffraction, resulting in poor signal quality acquired by the sensor. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a glass assembly and a vehicle to solve the problem that the heating wires on the existing windshield glass cause obstruction and diffraction to the sensor, resulting in poor signal quality of the sensor.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a glass assembly, comprising: a glass body and a heating wire, wherein the glass body has a light-transmitting area. The light-transmitting area includes a first region for transmitting a first optical signal, the first optical signal being used by a first sensor to identify obstacles. The heating wire is disposed on at least one side of the first region within the light-transmitting area. The heating wire includes a first heating segment and a second heating segment, the first heating segment being closer to the first region than the second heating segment, and the heating power of the first heating segment being greater than the heating power of the second heating segment.

[0006] In this embodiment, the first heating section and the second heating section can make the heating wires have different heating powers. That is, after the heating wires are energized, the actual heating power of the first heating section is greater than that of the second heating section, so that the first heating section has a stronger heat radiation capability than the second heating section. As a result, the heating effect of the first heating section on the first area through heat radiation is close to the heating effect of the second heating section on the area outside the first area in the light-transmitting area through heat conduction. Thus, within the same heating time, the heating effect in all parts of the light-transmitting area can be relatively balanced, and the defrosting and defogging effect in all parts of the light-transmitting area can be nearly consistent. That is, while the heating wire avoids the detection area (first area) of the first sensor, a good defrosting and defogging effect can be achieved in the first area.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the resistance per unit length of the first heating segment is greater than the resistance per unit length of the second heating segment. Therefore, by changing the resistance at different locations of the heating wire, a more balanced heating effect can be achieved across the light-transmitting area while maintaining constant energizing conditions (e.g., energizing current and duration), resulting in a near-uniform defrosting and defogging effect.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating segment is 50% to 80% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating segment. By ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating segment satisfies this ratio, it can be guaranteed that the heating effect of the first heating segment on the first region through thermal radiation is nearly identical to the heating effect of the second heating segment on the region outside the first region within the light-transmitting area through thermal conduction.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the width of the first heating section is smaller than the width of the second heating section. And / or, the thickness of the first heating section is smaller than the thickness of the second heating section. This allows the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section to be smaller than that of the second heating section, thereby increasing the heating power of the first heating section.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the width of the first heating section is greater than or equal to 0.35 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Within this range, the first heating section can ensure good heating efficiency for the first area, reducing the difficulty of the forming process, ensuring printing quality, and improving durability. The width of the second heating section is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm. Within this range, the second heating section can ensure good heating efficiency while also maintaining the light transmittance of the glass body, ensuring printing quality, and improving durability.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the heating wire is integrally formed and includes two or more first heating segments. For example, the first heating segments and the second heating segments can be distributed alternately, and the two or more first heating segments can be distributed around the first region, thereby both enhancing the heating effect on the first region through the first heating segments and ensuring the heating effect on the area surrounding the first region within the light-transmitting area through the second heating segments.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the heating wire is arranged in a reciprocating bending configuration, comprising multiple straight sections and multiple bending sections, with adjacent straight sections connected by a bending section. This reciprocating bending distribution ensures the heating wire is evenly distributed throughout the light-transmitting area, preventing uneven heating. Furthermore, when the glass body is subjected to vibration or temperature deformation, the reciprocating bending of the heating wire can absorb deformation stress, preventing stress concentration and fatigue fracture.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the heating wire is disposed around the periphery of the first region, and the first heating segment is disposed in the bent portion and / or the straight portion. The heating wire can be distributed on both sides in the width direction and both sides in the height direction of the first region, allowing the heating wire to heat the first region from various locations around it, which helps improve heating efficiency and uniformity.

[0015] In one possible implementation, heating wires are disposed on both sides of the width direction of the first region. Each heating wire on both sides of the width direction includes a first straight portion and a first bent portion, with the first heating segment disposed at the first bent portion. The heating wires on both sides of the width direction each include a first straight portion, a first bent portion, and a second bent portion. The first bent portion is closer to the first region than the second bent portion and the first straight portion. The first heating segment is disposed at the first bent portion, thereby enabling efficient heating of the first region through the relatively high heating power of the first heating segment.

[0016] In one possible implementation, heating wires are provided on both sides of the first region in the height direction. Each heating wire on both sides of the first region includes a second straight section, and a first heating segment is disposed on the second straight section. Since the second straight sections on both sides of the first region in the height direction are close to the first region, and the first heating segment is disposed on the second straight section, the first region can be heated via the second straight sections on both sides in the height direction. Simultaneously, combined with the first heating segment in the first bend on both sides of the first region in the width direction, efficient and uniform heating of the first region can be achieved around its perimeter.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the heating wires on both sides of the width direction have the same distribution density. And / or, the heating wires on both sides of the height direction have the same distribution density. Wherein, the heating wires having the same or nearly the same distribution density means that the distance between two adjacent straight sections in the height direction is the same or nearly the same, thereby ensuring a nearly consistent heating effect on areas outside the first region within the light-transmitting area, improving heating uniformity.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the surface of the first heating segment is either planar or curved. When the surface of the first heating segment is planar, a step can be formed between the surface of the first heating segment and the surface of the second heating segment. When the surface of the first heating segment is curved, a smooth and continuous curved transition is formed between the surfaces of the first and second heating segments, causing the first heating segment to be recessed inward. Therefore, whether the surface of the first heating segment is planar or curved, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating segment can be smaller than that of the second heating segment, resulting in a higher heating power for the first heating segment than for the second heating segment.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the heating wire is disposed on the surface of the glass body; or, the heating wire is disposed inside the glass body. Both different arrangements of the heating wire on the glass body can ensure the reliability of the heating wire's placement on the glass body, and can simultaneously form a first heating section and a second heating section with different cross-sectional areas.

[0020] Secondly, this application also provides a vehicle including a first sensor, wherein the vehicle further includes the glass assembly provided in the first aspect of this application; the first sensor is used to identify obstacles outside the vehicle through the light-transmitting area. The vehicle including the glass assembly provided in the first aspect of this application has similar technical effects to the aforementioned glass assembly, and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of vehicle glass in a related technology;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of vehicle glass in another related technology;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the illuminated area;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a glass assembly provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the illuminated area;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the illuminated area;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 A partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 A partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 11 A partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a side view of a glass assembly in which a glass body and a heating wire are engaged, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 13 A side view of the glass body and heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of heating wires in the light-transmitting area of ​​a glass assembly according to one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of heating wires in the light-transmitting area of ​​a glass assembly according to another embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of heating wires in the light-transmitting area of ​​a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 10 - Vehicle glass; 101 - Light-transmitting area;

[0041] 20 - Sensor; 201 - First sensor;

[0042] 30 - Heating wire;

[0043] 1-Glass body; 11-Light transmission area; 111-First region; 1a-First glass sheet; 1b-Second glass sheet;

[0044] 2-Heating wire; 21-First heating section; 22-Second heating section; 23-First straight section; 24-Second straight section; 25-First bending section; 26-Second bending section. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0049] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "multiple" refers to two or more; the terms "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of vehicle glass in a related technology, such as... Figure 1 As shown, sensor 20 in the vehicle can detect obstacles outside the vehicle through vehicle glass 10, such as the windshield at the front of the vehicle. Sensor 20 can detect obstacles in front of the vehicle through the windshield. Sensor 20 can be a camera, radar, or LiDAR, etc., sensors with obstacle detection capabilities. For example, when sensor 20 is a camera, the camera can obtain an image of the front of the vehicle through the windshield, and can determine obstacles in front of the vehicle based on the image. For example, when sensor 20 is a radar, it can use radio waves for detection. When sensor 20 is a LiDAR, it can use laser light for detection. Both radar and LiDAR can determine obstacles in front of the vehicle based on transmitted and received light signals.

[0051] For ease of explanation, the area on the vehicle glass 10 used for detection by the sensor 20 is defined as the light-transmitting area 101. There may be multiple sensors 20, and all of them can detect external obstacles through the light-transmitting area 101.

[0052] However, when there is a large temperature difference between the outside and inside of the vehicle, water vapor or condensation can easily form on the vehicle glass 10. When water vapor or condensation covers the area (light-transmitting area 101) on the vehicle glass 10 opposite to the sensor 20, it can obstruct the detection range of the sensor 20, leading to larger detection errors or even failure of the sensor 20. For example, when the sensor 20 is a camera, the image of the exterior of the vehicle acquired by the camera will have poor clarity. Furthermore, when the sensor 20 is a radio detection radar or lidar, the radio detection radar or lidar is prone to signal loss and other problems.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of vehicle glass in another related technology, such as... Figure 2As shown, in order to remove water mist or condensation from the light-transmitting area 101 of the vehicle glass 10, a heating wire 30 can be printed in the light-transmitting area 101. The heating wire 30 generates heat after being energized, and the water mist or condensation evaporates due to the heat, thereby achieving the effect of defogging and defrosting.

[0054] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The magnified image of the light-transmitting area, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the heating wires 30 are typically evenly distributed across the light-transmitting area 101 to ensure a nearly uniform defrosting and defogging effect across the entire area. However, in this distribution, some of the heating wires 30 fall within the detection range of the sensor 20. While this provides good defrosting and defogging for the light-transmitting area 101, the heating wires 30 within the detection range of the sensor 20 can negatively impact the detection capabilities of certain types of sensors. For example, for telephoto cameras, heating wires 30 located within the field of view (FOV) of the telephoto camera will appear in the image, affecting obstacle recognition and potentially causing phenomena such as diffraction or glare.

[0055] Therefore, referring to Figure 4 The above problem can be solved by not arranging heating wires within the detection range of the corresponding sensor 20. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a glass assembly provided in one embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the glass assembly can be applied in vehicles. For example, the glass assembly can be the windshield of a vehicle, specifically the front windshield, i.e., the glass at the front of the vehicle. The windshield can also be the rear windshield, i.e., the glass at the rear of the vehicle. The glass assembly can also be applied in other scenarios where sensors need to detect obstacles through the glass, such as in transport robots and industrial equipment. In this embodiment, the application of the glass assembly in a vehicle is used as an example. The vehicle has sensors that can detect obstacles outside the vehicle. As explained above, the sensors can be cameras, radar, or LiDAR sensors, etc., which have obstacle detection capabilities. One sensor can be provided, or two or more sensors can be used in combination to improve the accuracy of obstacle detection. For example, two sensors can be provided, namely a camera and a LiDAR sensor, both of which can detect obstacles through the light-transmitting area 11. For example, three sensors can be provided, which can be a camera, a radio detection radar, or a lidar, respectively. The three sensors can be used in combination to improve detection accuracy and reliability. All three sensors can detect obstacles through the light-transmitting area 11.

[0056] The glass assembly includes a glass body 1, which includes a light-transmitting area 11 through which the sensor 20 can detect obstacles. The light-transmitting area 11 includes a first region 111, which transmits a first optical signal used by the first sensor to identify obstacles. When the sensor 20 is a telephoto camera, the field of view of the telephoto camera on the light-transmitting area 11 corresponds to the first region 111. No heating wire is disposed in the first region 111; instead, heating wires 30 are arranged around the first region 111.

[0057] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the illuminated area, such as Figure 5 As shown, since no heating wire is arranged in the first region 111, the water mist or condensation in the first region 111 can only be removed by the heat radiated by the heating wires 30 surrounding the first region 111. However, the thickness of the heating wires 30 is usually uniform at all locations, that is, the wire diameter printing width and wire diameter printing thickness of the heating wires 30 are consistent design parameters. When the heating wires 30 are energized, the resistance of the heating wires 30 per unit length is the same, and the current generated is the same. Therefore, the heating power is the same at all locations of the heating wires 30.

[0058] In the light-transmitting area 11, where heating wires 30 are arranged, water mist or condensation can be removed through heat conduction, achieving a good removal effect. However, in the first area 111, no heating wires are arranged within it; heating is achieved solely through the heat radiation from the surrounding heating wires 30. The further away from the heating wires 30 within the first area 111, the less heat is radiated, resulting in a poorer defrosting and defogging effect. Furthermore, the power of the heating wires 30 is nearly uniform across the area. While the heating power of the heating wires 30 is sufficient for good defrosting and defogging of the area surrounding the first area 111, the heating wires 30 alone are insufficient for the defrosting and defogging requirements of the first area 111 itself. Increasing the heating power of the heating wires 30 to effectively remove frost and mist from the area surrounding the first area 111 through heat radiation would overheat the surrounding area, wasting energy. Therefore, for a heating wire 30 with a consistent wire diameter printing width and thickness, the heating effect will deviate between the first region 111 and the region surrounding the first region 111.

[0059] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 6As shown in the illustration, this application provides a glass assembly including a glass body 1. The glass body 1 is light-transmitting and can be a single layer of glass or a composite of multiple layers of glass. A light-transmitting area 11 is provided on the glass body 1, which transmits optical signals for use by a sensor to identify obstacles. For example, when the sensor is a camera, the camera can receive light reflected from the obstacle in the form of an optical signal and process the optical signal into an image. When the sensor is a radio-detection radar or lidar, the radar can emit a light signal towards the obstacle (the transmitted signal) and receive the light signal reflected back from the object (the received signal). The radar can determine the location of the obstacle based on the transmitted and received signals. In this embodiment, one or more sensors can identify obstacles through the light-transmitting area 11.

[0060] A heating wire 2 can be arranged within the light-transmitting area 11 to heat the light-transmitting area 11 and remove water mist or condensation. The light-transmitting area 11 includes a first region 111, the area of ​​which is smaller than the light-transmitting area 11, i.e., the first region 111 is a portion of the light-transmitting area 11. The first region 111 is used to transmit a first optical signal, which is used by the first sensor 201 to identify obstacles. The first sensor 201 cannot be blocked by the heating wire 2 within its detection range, and the signal received and / or transmitted by the first sensor 201 is the first optical signal. For example, the first sensor 201 is a telephoto camera.

[0061] The heating wire 2 is disposed on at least one side of the first region 111 within the light-transmitting area 11, meaning the heating wire 2 is not disposed within the first region 111. At least a portion of the heating wire 2 is located around and close to the first region 111, so that the heating wire 2 can heat the first region 111 through thermal radiation to remove water vapor or condensation within the first region 111. Taking the application of the glass assembly in a vehicle as an example, the vehicle has a length direction, a width direction, and a height direction. That is, when the vehicle is stopped on a horizontal ground, the left-right direction of the vehicle body is the width direction, the front-back direction is the length direction, and the up-down direction is the height direction.

[0062] When the glass body 1 is installed on a vehicle, its width direction X1 is consistent with the width direction of the vehicle, and its height direction Z1 is consistent with the height direction of the vehicle. Specifically, the width direction of the first region 111 is consistent with the width direction X1 of the glass body 1, and its height direction is consistent with the height direction Z1 of the glass body 1. Heating wires 2 can be distributed on one or both sides of the first region 111 in the width direction X1, or on one or both sides of the first region 111 in the height direction Z1, or on both sides of the first region 111 in both the width direction X1 and the height direction Z1. When heating wires 2 are distributed around the first region 111, the first region 111 can be heated from all sides, which helps to improve heating efficiency and heating uniformity.

[0063] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The magnified image of the light-transmitting area, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the heating wire 2 includes a first heating section 21 and a second heating section 22. The first heating section 21 is closer to the first region 111 than the second heating section 22, and the heating power of the first heating section 21 is greater than that of the second heating section 22. The area within the light-transmitting region 11 located outside the first region 111 heats up rapidly mainly through heat conduction via the second heating section 22, while the area within the first region 111 heats up rapidly through heat radiation from the first heating section 21.

[0064] It is understandable that, under the same conditions such as structure and power of heating wire 2, the heat transfer effect of heat conduction is significantly greater than that of heat radiation. If the heating power of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 is the same, the temperature rise rate of the area outside the first region 111 in the light-transmitting area 11 will be significantly greater than the temperature rise rate in the first region 111. This results in an imbalance between the defrosting and defogging effects in the area outside the first region 111 in the light-transmitting area 11 and the defrosting and defogging effects in the first region 111. For example, when the frost and fog are eliminated in the area outside the first region 111 in the light-transmitting area 11, the frost and fog in the first region 111 still cannot be eliminated.

[0065] Therefore, in this embodiment, the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 can be configured with heating wires 2 having different heating powers. That is, after the heating wire 2 is energized, the actual heating power of the first heating section 21 is greater than that of the second heating section 22, giving the first heating section 21 a stronger heat radiation capability than the second heating section 22. Thus, the heating effect of the first heating section 21 on the first region 111 through heat radiation is nearly the same as the heating effect of the second heating section 22 on the area outside the first region 111 in the light-transmitting area 11 through heat conduction. Therefore, within the same heating time, the heating effect in the light-transmitting area 11 can be relatively balanced, ensuring that the defrosting and defogging effect in the light-transmitting area 11 is nearly consistent. In other words, it is possible to achieve a good defrosting and defogging effect in the first region 111 while the heating wire 2 avoids the detection area of ​​the first sensor (first region 111).

[0066] In one embodiment, the resistance per unit length of the first heating section 21 is greater than the resistance per unit length of the second heating section 22. The power of the heating wire 2 is determined by both the current and the resistance, as shown in the formula:

[0067] Q = I 2 R, (1)

[0068] Where Q is the heating power, I is the current, and R is the resistance value.

[0069] According to the above formula (1), when the heating wire 2 is energized, the energizing current I is a constant value, that is, the current in the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 is the same. Since the resistance per unit length of the first heating section 21 is greater than the resistance per unit length of the second heating section 22, the heating power of the first heating section 21 is greater than the heating power of the second heating section 22. Therefore, by changing the resistance value at different positions of the heating wire 2, a more balanced heating effect can be achieved in each area of ​​the light-transmitting area 11 under the condition that the energizing conditions (e.g., energizing current, energizing duration) remain unchanged, thereby achieving a near-uniform defrosting and defogging effect.

[0070] In one embodiment, the heating wire 2 may include two or more first heating sections 21. For example, the first heating sections 21 and the second heating sections 22 may be distributed alternately. The two or more first heating sections 21 may be distributed around the first region 111, so that the heating effect on the first region 111 can be improved by the first heating section 21, and the heating effect in the area around the first region 111 in the light-transmitting area 11 can be guaranteed by the second heating section 22.

[0071] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the heating wire in a glass assembly provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 8The structural configuration of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 of the heating wire 2 in a flattened state is illustrated exemplarily. Figure 8 As shown, the cross-sectional area M1 of the first heating section 21 is smaller than the cross-sectional area M2 of the second heating section 22. The cross-section of the first heating section 21 refers to the section formed by cutting the first heating section 21 along a direction perpendicular to its extension direction. The cross-section of the second heating section 22 refers to the section formed by cutting the second heating section 22 along a direction perpendicular to its extension direction. (See formula:)

[0072]

[0073] Where R is the resistance value, ρ is the resistivity, L is the conductor length, and in this embodiment, the conductor is either the first heating section 21 or the second heating section 22, and A is the cross-sectional area. According to the above formula (2), the resistivity is an inherent property of the material, and for the heating wire 2 in this application, the resistivity is a constant. From this formula, it can be seen that the resistance value is directly proportional to the conductor length and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area. Combining the above formulas (1) and (2), the heating power per unit length of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 is inversely proportional to the corresponding cross-sectional area. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section 22, the heating power of the first heating section 21 is greater than the heating power of the second heating section 22. Therefore, in this embodiment, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 different, the heating power of the first heating section 21 and the heating power of the second heating section 22 can be different, and the molding process is simple.

[0074] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 is 50% to 80% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section 22. By ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 satisfies this ratio, it can be guaranteed that the heating effect of the first heating section 21 on the first region 111 through thermal radiation is nearly identical to the heating effect of the second heating section 22 on the area outside the first region 111 within the light-transmitting area 11 through thermal conduction.

[0075] like Figure 8 As shown, the heating wire 2 can be formed on the glass body 1 by printing process. The heating wire 2 is a flat and slender structure. The heating wire 2 has a length direction X2, a width direction Y2 and a thickness direction Z2. The length direction X2, the width direction Y2 and the thickness direction Z2 of the heating wire 2 are perpendicular to each other. When the heating wire 2 is printed on the glass body 1, the thickness direction Z2 of the heating wire 2 is consistent with the thickness direction of the glass body 1.

[0076] Figure 9 This is a partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 9The structural configuration of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 of the heating wire 2 in a flattened state is illustrated exemplarily. Figure 9 As shown, the thickness of the first heating section 21 is the same as the thickness of the second heating section 22, and the width of the first heating section 21 is smaller than the width of the second heating section 22. When the heating wire 2 is printed onto the glass body 1, the thickness of the first heating section 21 and the thickness of the second heating section 22 are the same as the thickness of the glass body 1. The width of the first heating section 21 is perpendicular to its extension direction, and the width of the second heating section 22 is perpendicular to its extension direction. Therefore, when the thickness of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 are the same, by reducing the width of the first heating section 21, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 can be made smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section 22, thereby increasing the heating power of the first heating section 21.

[0077] Figure 10 This is a partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 10 The structural configuration of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 of the heating wire 2 in a flattened state is illustrated exemplarily. Figure 10 As shown, the width of the first heating section 21 is the same as the width of the second heating section 22, and the thickness of the first heating section 21 is less than the thickness of the second heating section 22. Therefore, when the widths of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 are the same, by reducing the thickness of the first heating section 21, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 can be made smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section 22, thereby increasing the heating power of the first heating section 21.

[0078] Figure 11 This is a partial schematic diagram of a heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 11 The structural configuration of the first heating section 21 and the second heating section 22 of the heating wire 2 in a flattened state is illustrated exemplarily. Figure 11 As shown, the width of the first heating section 21 is smaller than the width of the second heating section 22, and the thickness of the first heating section 21 is smaller than the thickness of the second heating section 22. This also allows the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 to be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section 22, thereby increasing the heating power of the first heating section 21.

[0079] The width of the second heating section 22 needs to meet certain numerical requirements. If the width of the second heating section 22 is too large, it may reduce the light transmittance of the glass body 1 and easily cause optical distortion; if the width is too small, the printing yield will decrease, it will be easy to melt and break, and the durability will be poor. Therefore, in this embodiment, the width of the second heating section 22 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm. Within this range, the second heating section 22 can ensure good heating efficiency while also ensuring the light transmittance of the glass body 1, ensuring printing quality, and improving durability.

[0080] The width of the first heating section 21 also needs to meet certain numerical requirements. If the width of the first heating section 21 is too large, its heating power will be close to that of the second heating section 22, making it difficult to improve the heating effect on the first region 111. If the width of the first heating section 21 is too small, it will increase the difficulty of the heating process and make it difficult to guarantee the yield of the first heating section 21. Therefore, in this embodiment, the width of the first heating section 21 is greater than or equal to 0.35 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Within this range, the first heating section 21 can ensure good heating efficiency for the first region 111, reduce the difficulty of the forming process, ensure printing quality, and improve durability.

[0081] The surface of the first heating section 21 can be flat or curved. When the surface of the first heating section 21 is flat, a step can be formed between the surface of the first heating section 21 and the surface of the second heating section 22. When the surface of the first heating section 21 is curved, a smooth and continuous curved transition is formed between the surface of the first heating section 21 and the surface of the second heating section 22, causing the first heating section 21 to be concave inward. Thus, whether the surface of the first heating section 21 is flat or curved, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section 21 can be smaller than that of the second heating section 22, making the heating power of the first heating section 21 greater than that of the second heating section 22.

[0082] In one embodiment, the heating wire 2 can be a continuous single piece. Exemplarily, the heating wire 2 can be made of conductive silver paste or a similar material, and the pattern of the heating wire 2 is directly printed onto the surface of the glass body 1 using high-precision screen printing technology. After printing, the glass body 1 undergoes high-temperature sintering, allowing the conductive paste to bond with the glass body 1, forming a single, integrally molded, continuous heating wire 2. The screen printing process uses a screen (also called a screen printing plate) to achieve precise transfer of the heating wire 2 pattern. By designing the structure of the screen, it is possible to prepare a first heating segment 21 and a second heating segment 22 with different cross-sectional areas.

[0083] Figure 12 This is a side view of the glass body and heating wire in a glass assembly provided in one embodiment of this application, as shown. Figure 12As shown, the glass body 1 can be a single-layer glass sheet, and the heating wire 2 can be disposed on the surface of the glass body 1. For example, the heating wire 2 can be disposed on the surface of the glass body 1 facing the vehicle's driver's cabin.

[0084] Figure 13 A side view of the glass body and heating wire in a glass assembly provided in another embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 13 As shown, the heating wire 2 can also be formed on the glass body 1 using an embedded metal wire process. Exemplarily, the glass body 1 includes two glass sheets, namely a first glass sheet 1a and a second glass sheet 1b. Extremely fine metal wires, such as tungsten or copper wires, can be arranged in a designed pattern between the first glass sheet 1a and the second glass sheet 1b. The metal wires are fixed using a laminated glass process, thus placing them inside the glass body 1; this metal wire is the heating wire 2. During the manufacturing process, the metal wire can be formed into a first heating section 21 and a second heating section 22 with different cross-sectional areas.

[0085] Therefore, both the screen printing process and the embedded metal wire process described above can achieve the formation of a first heating section 21 and a second heating section 22 with different cross-sectional areas on the glass body 1, and the forming process is simple and reliable.

[0086] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of heating wires in the light-transmitting area of ​​a glass assembly according to one embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 14 As shown, the heating wire 2 is arranged with reciprocating bends. The heating wire 2 includes multiple straight sections and multiple bends, wherein... Figure 14 The straight section shown is the first straight section 23, which is the portion of the heating wire 2 extending in the X1 direction. Two adjacent first straight sections 23 are connected by a bend. The bend may include a first bend 25 and a second bend 26, with the first bend 25 closer to the first region 111 relative to the second bend 26. For example, as... Figure 14As shown, taking the heating wire 2 on the right side of the first region 111 as an example, the first straight section 23 includes multiple first straight sections 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d and 23e, the first bent section includes multiple first bent sections 25a and 25b, and the second bent section includes multiple second bent sections 26a and 26b. One end of the first straight section 23a and the first straight section 23b is connected by the second bent section 26a. The other end of the first straight section 23b is connected to one end of the first straight section 23c by the first bent section 25a. The other end of the first straight section 23c is connected to one end of the first straight section 23d by the second bent section 26b. The other end of the first straight section 23d is connected to one end of the first straight section 23e by the first bent section 25b. The other end of the first straight section 23e is connected to one end of the first straight section 23f by the second bent section 26c, thus forming a reciprocating bending distribution pattern. The distribution of heating wires 2 on the left side of the first region 111 is similar to the distribution of heating wires 2 on the right side of the first region 111, and will not be described again here.

[0087] The reciprocating bending distribution pattern allows the heating wire 2 to be evenly distributed throughout the light-transmitting area 11, avoiding uneven heating and cooling. At the same time, when the glass body 1 is subjected to vibration or temperature difference deformation, the reciprocating bending heating wire 2 can absorb deformation stress, avoiding stress concentration and fatigue fracture.

[0088] like Figure 14 As shown, heating wires 2 are provided on both sides of the width direction X1 of the first region 111. The heating wires 2 on both sides of the width direction X1 include a first straight part, a first bent part and a second bent part. The first bent part is closer to the first region 111 than the second bent part and the first straight part. The first heating section 21 is provided in the first bent part, so that the first region 111 can be heated efficiently by the first heating section 21 with relatively large heating power.

[0089] Heating wire 2 is disposed around the periphery of the first region 111, and the first heating section 21 is disposed in the bent portion and / or the straight portion. The heating wire 2 can be distributed on both sides of the first region 111 in the width direction X1 and on both sides in the height direction Z1. The heating wire 2 can heat the first region 111 at various points around it, which helps to improve heating efficiency and uniformity.

[0090] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the distribution of heating wires in the light-transmitting area of ​​a glass assembly according to another embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 15As shown, heating wires 2 are provided on both sides of the height direction Z1 of the first region 111. The straight sections of the heating wires 2 on both sides of the height direction Z1 also include second straight sections 24, and the first heating section 21 is provided in the second straight section 24. The second straight sections 24 pass through both sides of the height direction Z1 of the first region 111. The second straight sections 24 on both sides of the height direction Z1 are close to the first region 111. By providing the first heating section 21 in the second straight section 24, the first region 111 can be heated by the second straight sections on both sides of the height direction Z1. At the same time, combined with the first heating section 21 in the first bend on both sides of the width direction X1 of the first region 111, efficient and uniform heating of the first region 111 can be achieved around the first region 111.

[0091] like Figure 15 As shown, the heating wires 2 on both sides of the width direction X1 have the same or nearly the same distribution density; and / or, the heating wires 2 on both sides of the height direction Z1 have the same or nearly the same distribution density. The same or nearly the same distribution density of the heating wires 2 means that the distance between two adjacent straight sections in the height direction Z1 is the same or nearly the same, thereby ensuring a nearly consistent heating effect on the area within the light-transmitting area 11 located outside the first region 111, improving heating uniformity.

[0092] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the distribution of heating wires in the light-transmitting area of ​​a glass assembly according to another embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 16 As shown, two heating wires 2 can be provided, and the two heating wires 2 can be printed on both sides of the width direction X1 of the first region 111 respectively. The two heating wires 2 can be powered independently. Both heating wires 2 can include a first heating section 21, and the first heating section 21 is located close to the first region 111.

[0093] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A glass assembly, characterized in that, include: A glass body, wherein a light-transmitting area is provided on the glass body; The light-transmitting area includes a first region, which is used to transmit a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is used by a first sensor to identify obstacles. A heating wire, wherein the heating wire is disposed on at least one side of the first region within the light-transmitting area; The heating wire includes a first heating section and a second heating section. The first heating section is closer to the first region than the second heating section, and the heating power of the first heating section is greater than the heating power of the second heating section.

2. The glass assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance per unit length of the first heating section is greater than the resistance per unit length of the second heating section.

3. The glass assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section is smaller than that of the second heating section.

4. The glass assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the first heating section is 50% to 80% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heating section.

5. The glass assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The width of the first heating section is smaller than the width of the second heating section; and / or, The thickness of the first heating section is less than the thickness of the second heating section.

6. The glass assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The width of the first heating section is greater than or equal to 0.35 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm; The width of the second heating section is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm.

7. The glass assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating wire is integrally formed and includes two or more first heating sections.

8. The glass assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating wire is configured to bend back and forth, and includes multiple straight sections and multiple bent sections, with two adjacent straight sections connected by one bent section.

9. The glass assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heating wire is disposed on the periphery of the first region, and the first heating section is disposed on the bent portion and / or the straight portion.

10. The glass assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heating wires are provided on both sides of the width direction of the first region. Each heating wire on both sides of the width direction includes a first straight portion and a first bent portion. The first heating segment is provided in the first bent portion.

11. The glass assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heating wires are provided on both sides of the first region in the height direction, and the heating wires on both sides in the height direction include a second straight section, and the first heating segment is provided on the second straight section.

12. The glass assembly according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The heating wires on both sides of the width direction have the same distribution density; and / or, The heating wires on both sides of the height direction have the same distribution density.

13. The glass assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the first heating section is either a plane or an arc.

14. The glass assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating wire is disposed on the surface of the glass body; or, the heating wire is disposed inside the glass body.

15. A vehicle, comprising a first sensor, characterized in that, The vehicle also includes the glass assembly as described in any one of claims 1-14; The first sensor is used to identify obstacles outside the vehicle through the light-transmitting area.

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