Buffer device for high concentration exhaust gas in front of incinerator

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of buffering device of high concentration waste gas before incinerator, including gas detection module, air equalizing module and box, box opposite two ends are respectively provided with air inlet and air outlet, opposite two ends are front end and rear end;Air inlet gas direction and air outlet outlet direction are respectively provided with gas detection module;Air equalizing module output end is connected with air inlet, air equalizing module inside is provided with the hole channel of intercommunication, hole channel aperture gradually decreases from air equalizing module input end to output end;Box is sequentially provided with adsorption module, first baffle and second baffle, and at least one adsorption module is provided in the front end of box close to air inlet, and the rear end close to air outlet in the box is provided with second baffle;First baffle is connected with box bottom, and gap is left with box top;Second baffle is connected with box top, and gap is left with box bottom;At least one spray port is provided in the box, and the spray port is arranged on the top of the box, and is located between first baffle and second baffle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically relating to a buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of an incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] The principle of incinerators in treating waste gas is to use high-temperature oxidation to oxidize and decompose organic waste gas into CO2 and H2O at high temperatures, or to use catalysts to pre-combust and decompose waste gas. Common incinerator processes include RTO, RCO, TO, and CO. Due to its advantages such as high treatment efficiency, low operating costs, and no secondary pollution, it has become one of the most widely used processes in the organic waste gas treatment industry.

[0003] The production processes in key industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and petrochemicals are complex and often intermittent. The volume and concentration of exhaust gas frequently fluctuate significantly depending on operating conditions, especially the generation of large quantities of highly concentrated exhaust gas in short periods, posing a significant safety risk to exhaust gas treatment. Furthermore, the complex operating conditions in these industries result in exhaust gas with diverse compositions. Even if the combustible gas detector reading is below 25% of the lower explosive limit when peak concentrations of exhaust gas are produced, there is still a risk of explosion. This places higher performance demands on the high-concentration exhaust gas buffer before incinerators.

[0004] Currently, the safety measures adopted by commonly used incinerators for handling high-concentration waste gas entering the incinerator generally involve adding a combustible gas detector as a concentration monitoring device. After high-concentration waste gas enters the equipment, the combustible gas detector detects the concentration, and when the concentration reaches a set value, a series of reaction measures are taken to avoid the risk of explosion. However, there is a certain amount of time between the combustible gas detector's reaction and the activation of the reaction measures, which may not be able to respond and handle the situation in a timely manner, and the risk of explosion still exists.

[0005] To address the insufficient buffering effect of high-concentration exhaust gas, the usual solution is to increase the length of the pipeline and add pretreatment equipment to allow the exhaust gas a certain amount of time to process between the combustible gas detector and the incinerator, but it is still difficult to meet the buffering requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem of insufficient buffering effect of high-concentration waste gas before incinerators in existing technologies. Therefore, this invention provides a buffering device for high-concentration waste gas before incinerators, which can be used to buffer high-concentration waste gas before pretreatment equipment to prevent the risk of explosion from high-concentration waste gas.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0008] A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of an incinerator includes a gas detection module, an air distribution module, and a housing. The housing has an inlet and an outlet at opposite ends, which are respectively the front and rear ends. The outlet is located on the upper side of the rear end of the housing. The gas detection module is installed in the inlet direction and the outlet direction, respectively. The output end of the air distribution module is connected to the inlet. The air distribution module has interconnected channels inside, and the diameter of the channels gradually decreases from the input end to the output end of the air distribution module.

[0009] The chamber contains an adsorption module, a first baffle, and a second baffle arranged sequentially. At least one adsorption module is located at the front end of the chamber near the air inlet. The second baffle is located at the rear end of the chamber near the air outlet. The first baffle is located between the adsorption module and the second baffle. The first baffle is connected to the bottom of the chamber and has a gap with the top of the chamber. The second baffle is connected to the top of the chamber and has a gap with the bottom of the chamber.

[0010] The box body is also provided with at least one spray nozzle, which is located on the top of the box body and between the first baffle and the second baffle.

[0011] Specifically, the exhaust gas enters the chamber through the air distribution module, and then passes through the adsorption module, the first baffle, and the second baffle in sequence. When the gas detection module detects that the concentration at the outlet is greater than or equal to the concentration at the inlet, nitrogen is introduced through the spray nozzle to ensure safety inside the chamber. If the high-concentration exhaust gas generates a large amount of adsorption heat due to adsorption by activated carbon, or if the exhaust gas concentration is too high and exceeds the processing limit of the buffer device, tap water is sprayed through the spray nozzle until the temperature drops below 40°C to eliminate safety hazards. At the same time, a water seal is formed at the rear end of the chamber, between the first baffle and the second baffle, to prevent high-concentration exhaust gas from entering the outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the air distribution module includes a flow guide, a flow equalization section, and an extension section arranged sequentially along the same straight line. The input end of the flow guide is connected to the exhaust gas source, the output end of the flow guide is connected to the input end of the flow equalization section, the output end of the flow equalization section is connected to the input end of the extension section, and the output end of the extension section is adaptedly connected to the air inlet. The flow guide, the flow equalization section, and the extension section are provided with interconnected orifices that allow exhaust gas to pass through.

[0013] Furthermore, the radial dimension of the input end of the flow guide is greater than the radial dimension of the output end of the flow guide, and the radial dimension of the flow guide gradually increases from the output end to the input end.

[0014] Furthermore, the flow guiding section is provided with a plurality of flow guiding holes evenly distributed, and the flow guiding hole channels are evenly distributed according to the radial dimension of the flow guiding section; the flow equalizing section is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed flow equalizing holes; and the extension section is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed through holes.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the flow equalization orifice is smaller than the diameter of the flow guide orifice, and the total area of ​​the flow guide orifice is greater than the total area of ​​the flow equalization orifice; the diameter of the through orifice is less than or equal to the diameter of the flow equalization orifice.

[0016] Furthermore, the exhaust gas enters through the guide hole, is evenly distributed to at least two equalizing holes through the guide hole channel, and is then evenly distributed to the through hole through the equalizing hole channel.

[0017] Specifically, the exhaust gas enters from different directions from various sides of the guide section and is initially diverted through the guide holes to prevent high-concentration exhaust gas from accumulating in one place. The exhaust gas flows out from the guide hole channels and enters the flow equalization section opposite the channel outlet. The exhaust gas is slowly and evenly mixed through the flow equalization channels and then enters the extension section and enters the housing through the through holes.

[0018] The pipe lengths of each part of the air distribution module can be adjusted according to the concentration and volume of exhaust gas, ensuring that the residence time of exhaust gas in the air distribution module is not less than 0.5s and the gas flow rate is 8-12 m / s. High-concentration exhaust gas can be slowly and evenly mixed through the air distribution module, preventing exhaust gas from entering the box and accumulating in one place, which greatly increases the safety of the buffer device.

[0019] Furthermore, a slot is provided on the outside of the box, through which the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively inserted into the box.

[0020] Specifically, after passing through the adsorption module, the exhaust gas sequentially passes through the first and second baffles. The gas flow direction is adjusted by the spatial position between the baffles and the housing, which increases the residence time of the exhaust gas in the housing. On the other hand, when the exhaust gas concentration exceeds the processing limit of the buffer device and a water seal is formed at the rear end of the housing, the first baffle is used to control the water seal level. The height of the baffle can be adjusted through a slot according to the exhaust gas volume to regulate the level. The second baffle is used to prevent the exhaust gas from directly entering the outlet without passing through the water seal. Therefore, the second baffle can be controlled to insert into the water seal through a slot, so that the exhaust gas must enter the water seal when it is formed.

[0021] Furthermore, the adsorption module includes multiple adsorption plates, each filled with particulate adsorbent, and the pore size of the adsorbent in the adsorption plate gradually decreases as it moves away from the air inlet.

[0022] Specifically, multiple adsorption plates adopt a pore-level filling mode. According to the direction away from the air inlet, the adsorbent filling method is divided into a pre-filter zone, a transition zone, and a fine filter zone. According to Fick's diffusion law, the diffusion flux of VOCs molecules into the adsorbent pores is significantly increased under a high concentration gradient, and the adsorption rate is positively correlated with the concentration.

[0023] The adsorbent in the pre-filter zone has a pore size range of 50-200 nm, which is used to preferentially capture high-concentration waste gas molecules and large molecular particles; the adsorbent in the transition zone has a pore size range of 2-50 nm, which is used to further buffer and saturate the waste gas molecules; the adsorbent in the fine filtration zone has a pore size range of 0.5-2 nm, which is used to perform final adsorption on the remaining waste gas molecules, prolong the penetration time of the waste gas through the adsorption module, and ensure the residence time of the waste gas in the buffer device.

[0024] Furthermore, a heating element is also provided inside the box, and the heating element is located between the air inlet and the adsorption module.

[0025] Specifically, the heating component is used to heat the exhaust gas entering the chamber from the air inlet, so that the heated exhaust gas is blown onto the surface of the adsorption module, which can be used for exhaust gas desorption from the adsorption module under supersaturated conditions.

[0026] A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of an incinerator includes multiple buffer devices as described above, an air inlet pipeline, and a self-controlled valve. The buffer devices are arranged in parallel, and the air inlet of each buffer device is connected to the output end of the air inlet pipeline. A self-controlled valve is installed on the air inlet pipeline.

[0027] Specifically, multiple buffer devices are connected in parallel. When a buffer device in use becomes oversaturated or forms a water seal, the automatic control valve automatically calls the backup buffer device, realizing "one in use and one in standby" or "one in use and multiple in standby" for the buffer devices. This prevents the buffer devices from entering a shutdown alarm or becoming unusable due to sudden situations or high concentrations of exhaust gas, thus preventing the buffering measures from failing.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0029] (1) By setting up a uniform air distribution module, this utility model collects waste gas that diffuses in different directions and processes it through sequential flow guidance, flow equalization and flow division. This allows high-concentration waste gas to be slowly and evenly mixed through the multi-level channels in the uniform air distribution module, preventing waste gas from entering the box and accumulating in one place. This greatly increases the safety of the buffer device. At the same time, the pipe-shaped uniform air distribution module greatly saves the size of the equipment, and the channel density, aperture size and pipe length can be adjusted according to the waste gas flow rate to ensure the residence time of waste gas in the uniform air distribution module, which greatly improves the safety of waste gas entering the box.

[0030] (2) By setting up a graded filling mode for the adsorption channels, the adsorption module filled with solid adsorbent is divided into a pre-plate layer, a transition plate layer and a fine filter layer. This realizes the sequential filtration of high-concentration waste gas molecules and large molecular particles, the buffering and saturation of waste gas molecules, and the final adsorption. This effectively prolongs the penetration time of waste gas into the adsorption module and ensures the residence time of waste gas in the buffer device, thereby greatly increasing the safety of the buffer device.

[0031] (3) This utility model uses a synergistic adsorption module, a first baffle and a second baffle as safety measures to guide the flow of waste gas in the box and increase the residence time of waste gas in the box. When the waste gas concentration exceeds the treatment limit of the buffer device and a water seal is formed at the rear end of the box, the two baffles are used to control the water seal level to ensure that the waste gas enters the water seal and cannot pass directly through the outlet, thus ensuring safety in the event of buffer device failure. At the same time, the height of the two baffles in the box can be adjusted according to the waste gas flow rate and the water seal level, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the safety measures and enhancing the stability of the buffer device.

[0032] (4) By setting a heating device inside the box, this utility model realizes the heating and desorption of the adsorption module under supersaturation and recycling, and realizes the "peak shaving and valley filling" buffer treatment of fluctuating waste gas source, that is, adsorbing high-concentration waste gas to prevent its explosion, and adjusting the concentration of low-concentration waste gas by slow release and concentration; the waste gas desorbed by the adsorption module under supersaturation can also be directly introduced into the RTO device to make up for the fuel consumption of RTO and save energy.

[0033] (5) By using multiple buffer devices in parallel, this utility model realizes "one for use and one for backup" or "one for use and multiple for backup". When the working buffer device is oversaturated or shut down for maintenance, the backup device is automatically activated. The original working device enters the maintenance or desorption process, and the original backup device enters the adsorption buffer process. This realizes continuous buffering treatment and avoids the buffer device from shutting down due to equipment failure or sudden situation, thus avoiding resource waste and safety risks. The range of air volume that can be handled is wider.

[0034] (6) This utility model uses a buffer device to buffer the high-concentration waste gas. The buffer device has a low cost, which reduces the performance requirements of the subsequent pretreatment device, reduces the equipment cost of the RTO system pretreatment device, and greatly increases the safety and stability of the overall system.

[0035] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered as part of the utility model subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0036] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures can be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the following drawings without inventive effort:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of the buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of the incinerator provided by this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of the incinerator provided by this utility model.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air distribution module structure of the buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of the incinerator provided by this utility model.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air distribution module of the buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of the incinerator provided by this utility model.

[0042] Legend:

[0043] 1. Air inlet; 2. Inspection door; 3. Air outlet; 4. Spray valve; 51. Flow guide section; 52. Flow equalization section; 53. Extension section; 510. Flow guide hole; 520. Flow equalization hole; 530. Through hole; 61. Pre-filter plate layer; 62. Transition plate layer; 63. Fine filter plate layer; 71. First baffle; 72. Second baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains.

[0045] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this utility model patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms of "an," "a," or "the," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" indicate that the element or object preceding "comprising" encompasses the features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components listed following "comprising" or "including," and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or collections thereof. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] See attached document Figure 1 This utility model provides a buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of an incinerator, including a gas detection module, an air distribution module, and a housing. The housing has an air inlet 1 and an air outlet 3 at opposite ends, which are the front and rear ends, respectively. The air inlet 1 is located in the middle of the front end of the housing, and the air outlet 3 is located on the upper side of the rear end of the housing. The gas detection module is installed in the air inlet direction and the air outlet direction, respectively. The input end of the air distribution module is connected to the waste gas source, and the output end of the air distribution module is connected to the air inlet 1.

[0048] See attached document Figure 2An adsorption module is installed at the front end of the chamber near the air inlet 1. The adsorption module adopts a pore-level filling mode and is composed of three adsorption plates. The adsorption plates are filled with solid activated carbon particles. In the direction away from the air inlet 1, they are a pre-plate 61, a transition plate 62, and a fine filter plate 63. The activated carbon in the pre-plate 61 has a pore size range of 50-200 nm, the activated carbon in the transition plate 62 has a pore size range of 2-50 nm, and the activated carbon in the fine filter plate 63 has a pore size range of 0.5-2 nm. The thickness of each adsorption plate is not less than 0.1 μm.

[0049] There is an inspection door 2 on the side of the box corresponding to the position of the adsorption module, which makes it easy to check the condition of the box and to disassemble and replace the adsorption module.

[0050] The adsorption module is provided with a first baffle 71 and a second baffle 72 in sequence at the rear end. The bottom of the box is provided with a slot that is adapted to the size of the first baffle 71. The first baffle is inserted from the bottom of the box through the slot, leaving a gap between it and the top of the box. The distance between the first baffle 71 and the adsorption module is at least 20 cm, which facilitates assembly and welding during manufacturing.

[0051] The second baffle 72 is located at the rear end of the housing near the air outlet 3. The top of the housing has a slot that matches the size of the second baffle 72. The second baffle 72 is inserted from the top of the housing through the slot, leaving a gap between it and the bottom of the housing.

[0052] The chamber is equipped with three spray nozzles. Two of the spray nozzles are located on the side of the chamber, directly opposite the adsorption module. These are a nitrogen spray nozzle and a fire spray nozzle, which are used to cool down the gas when the activated carbon adsorbs the waste gas and the temperature rises. The third spray nozzle is located on the top of the chamber, between the first baffle 71 and the second baffle 72. This is a fire spray nozzle, which is used to form a liquid seal at the rear of the chamber when the waste gas concentration is too high.

[0053] Nitrogen spray nozzles and fire sprinkler nozzles are equipped with spray valves 4 at corresponding positions on the outside of the enclosure, which are connected to the gas source and water source respectively.

[0054] See attached document Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The air distribution module is configured as a tubular structure, including a flow guide 51, a flow equalization section 52, and an extension section 53 arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The input end of the flow guide 51 is connected to the exhaust gas source, the output end of the flow guide 51 is connected to the input end of the flow equalization section 52, the output end of the flow equalization section 52 is connected to the input end of the extension section 53, and the output end of the extension section 53 is connected to the air inlet 1. The flow guide 51, the flow equalization section 52, and the extension section 53 are respectively fixed by flange connection. The flow guide 51, the flow equalization section 52, and the extension section 53 are all provided with through channels to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas.

[0055] The radial dimension of the flow guide 51 gradually increases from the output end to the input end. A number of flow guide holes 510 are evenly distributed on the input end face of the flow guide 51. The channels of the flow guide holes 510 are evenly distributed with the change of the radial dimension of the flow guide 51, until the output end face of the flow guide 51.

[0056] The flow equalization section 52 has multiple evenly distributed flow equalization holes 520 on its input end face. The diameter of the flow equalization holes 520 is smaller than the diameter of the guide holes 510, and the channels of the flow equalization holes 520 extend to the output end face of the flow equalization section 52. The input end face of the flow equalization section 52 is connected to the output end face of the guide section 51. Each guide hole 510 has several flow equalization holes 520 at a corresponding position. Exhaust gas flows out from a single guide hole 510 and evenly enters several corresponding flow equalization holes 520.

[0057] The input end face of the extension 53 is provided with multiple uniformly distributed through holes 530, the diameter of which is less than or equal to the diameter of the flow equalization hole 520. The output end of the extension 53 faces the adsorption module directly, at a distance of less than 20 cm, and the flow equalization module and the adsorption module are located in the same axial direction.

[0058] The chamber is equipped with a heating element, specifically an electric heater, which is located between the air inlet 1 and the adsorption module. It can also be located at the rear end of the air distribution module and be regarded as a pipe heater.

[0059] The chamber is also equipped with an explosion vent, which is located at the top of the air inlet 1. A pressure relief plate is installed at the explosion vent to prevent high-concentration exhaust gas from exploding inside the chamber.

[0060] A ball valve or automatic control valve is installed at the bottom rear of the tank to discharge water after a water seal is formed.

[0061] The working principle of the buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of the incinerator provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] The exhaust gas enters the air distribution module from the exhaust gas source pipe. Specifically, it enters the channel through the guide holes 510 set on each side of the guide section 51, and then passes through the channel of the flow distribution section 52 and the extension section 53. It is slowly and evenly mixed through the multi-stage channels of the above-mentioned sequential guidance and diversion. Finally, it enters the box from the air inlet 1 and is adsorbed in stages by the adsorption module facing the air inlet 1. The exhaust gas after adsorption treatment passes through the gap channel formed by the first baffle, the second baffle and the box, and finally enters the air outlet 3 and is introduced into the RTO pretreatment device.

[0063] By installing gas detection modules at the front end of the air inlet 1 and the rear end of the air outlet 3, parameters such as the concentration and air volume of the exhaust gas entering and leaving the box are obtained.

[0064] When the concentration at the outlet is less than that at the inlet, the device operates normally, and the waste gas is normally introduced into the RTO pretreatment system from outlet 3. When the concentration at the outlet exceeds the upper limit of the RTO pretreatment system, the spray nozzle is opened and nitrogen is introduced to ensure safety.

[0065] When the concentration at the outlet equals the concentration at the inlet, and the safety risk value has not been reached, it indicates that the adsorption module inside the chamber is already in an oversaturated state. Take backup measures, such as replacing the buffer device or replacing the adsorption module through inspection door 2.

[0066] When the concentration at the outlet is greater than that at the inlet, open the spray nozzle and introduce nitrogen to ensure safety.

[0067] When the gas detection module detects that the temperature inside the chamber exceeds the safety limit or the concentration at the outlet exceeds the safety risk value, it opens the fire sprinkler port and forms a water seal between the rear end of the chamber and the first baffle 71 and the second baffle 72. This reduces the temperature of the chamber while preventing high-concentration gas from directly entering the RTO pretreatment system through the outlet 3.

[0068] The reasons for the unit's shutdown alarm may be that the adsorption module is oversaturated and has not been replaced in time, or that high-concentration waste gas generates a lot of adsorption heat due to adsorption by activated carbon, or that there is a problem with the downstream RTO unit.

[0069] At this point, the device stops operating and subsequent maintenance can be performed. The water inside the chamber can be manually drained through the ball valve at the bottom of the chamber, or drained through the automatic valve. The oversaturated activated carbon plates can be replaced and reused, or the electric heater inside the chamber can be turned on to desorb and recycle the exhaust gas. The desorbed exhaust gas can be added to the RTO pretreatment system or used to replenish the fuel of the RTO device. The gas detection module can be used to determine whether the exhaust gas inside the adsorption module has been desorbed.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This utility model also provides a buffer system for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator, including the aforementioned device, as well as an inlet pipe and a self-regulating valve. The input end of the inlet pipe is connected to the waste gas source. Several buffer devices are arranged in parallel, and the input ends of their air distribution modules are respectively connected to the output ends of the inlet pipe. A self-regulating valve is installed on the inlet pipe. A regenerative pipe is led out from the downstream RTO device to introduce the hot gas flow after combustion into the inlet pipe. The regenerative pipe is equipped with a self-regulating valve, a gas detection module, and a heat exchange device.

[0072] The buffer device is activated for scheduled operation. Exhaust gas is introduced into the working buffer device through the inlet pipe. After buffering, it is introduced into the RTO pretreatment system. When the gas detection module detects that the concentration at the outlet is greater than or equal to the concentration at the inlet, the automatic control valve switches the inlet pipe and switches the parallel standby buffer device into the working state. The exhaust gas is then introduced into the original standby buffer device for continued buffering.

[0073] If the original working buffer device is shut down for maintenance and it is determined that there is an oversaturation problem in the adsorption module, the adsorption module can be disassembled and replaced through inspection door 2. After maintenance, the original working buffer device will enter the standby process. If a large amount of adsorption heat is generated during the adsorption of waste gas, causing the fire sprinkler port to open automatically and form a water seal at the rear of the box, the bottom ball valve will be opened to drain the water. After checking that the other components are correct, the original working buffer device will enter the standby process after maintenance.

[0074] If the adsorption module of the original working device is oversaturated, the electric heater inside the box can be turned on to slowly desorb the waste gas. The desorbed waste gas is connected to the RTO pretreatment system or RTO combustion device through a pipeline to supplement when the waste gas concentration is low. Alternatively, hot gas flow can be drawn from the RTO device, and after passing through the heat exchange device, the hot gas flow processed to a certain temperature is introduced into the inlet pipeline through the reheat pipeline. Together with the waste gas in the inlet pipeline, it enters the buffer device to slowly release the waste gas adsorbed in the oversaturated adsorption module.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas in front of an incinerator, as described in Example 1, is provided. The solid adsorbent filled in the adsorption module is granular activated carbon. Its dynamic adsorption capacity for reversible adsorption and desorption is 250 mg / g, 280 mg / g, and 320 mg / g respectively in the direction away from the air inlet 1. The thickness of the adsorption plate is 0.1 m, that is, the overall thickness of the adsorption module is 0.3 m. During operation, the residence time of the waste gas in the uniform air duct is 0.5 s, the residence time in the box is 1 s, and the flow velocity is 0.6 m / s.

[0077] The gas detection module includes a gas detector and a differential pressure transmitter, specifically a combustible gas detector and a differential pressure transmitter.

[0078] The pretreatment system uses commercially available conventional pretreatment equipment.

[0079] The buffer device operates at normal temperature and pressure, with VOCs exhaust gas concentrations ranging from 500 to 12000 mg / m³. 3 The concentration of the exhaust gas fluctuates within a certain range, and after treatment by the buffer device, the concentration is 500-6000 mg / m³. 3 The gas is then fed into the pretreatment system and then into the RTO unit for combustion. The entire unit operated stably for more than 24 hours without any abnormalities, and the emissions from the RTO unit all met environmental protection requirements.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] A buffer system for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator, as described in Example 2, includes two buffer devices connected in parallel. The solid adsorbent packed in the adsorption module is granular activated carbon, and its dynamic adsorption capacity for reversible adsorption and desorption is 280 mg / g, 320 mg / g, and 380 mg / g respectively in the direction away from the air inlet 1. The thickness of the adsorption plate is 0.15 m, that is, the overall thickness of the adsorption module is 0.45 m. During operation, the residence time of the waste gas in the uniform air duct is 0.5 s, the residence time in the box is 1 s, and the flow velocity is 0.5 m / s.

[0082] The gas detection modules are modeled as combustible gas detectors and differential pressure transmitters.

[0083] The buffer system operates at normal temperature and pressure, with VOCs exhaust gas concentrations ranging from 500 to 50,000 mg / m³. 3 The concentration of the exhaust gas fluctuates within a certain range, and after treatment by the buffer device, the concentration is 500-6000 mg / m³. 3 The gas is then fed into the pretreatment system and then into the RTO unit for combustion. The entire system has been running stably for more than a week without any abnormalities. The buffer system is in continuous use and is operating well. The emissions from the RTO unit all meet environmental protection requirements.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that no buffer device is used; the exhaust gas source is directly introduced into the pretreatment system and then into the RTO device for combustion.

[0086] The concentration of VOCs in the exhaust gas source is between 500-12000 mg / m³. 3 The concentration of the exhaust gas fluctuated within a certain range. The exhaust gas was then introduced into the pretreatment system and subsequently combusted in the RTO unit. After 5 hours of operation, the exhaust gas concentration became excessively high, leading to an explosion and subsequent shutdown.

[0087] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

[0088] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. Technical details not described in detail in this utility model can all be implemented by any existing technology in the art. In particular, all technical features not described in detail in this utility model can be implemented by any existing technology.

Claims

1. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator, characterized in that, The buffer device includes a gas detection module, an air distribution module, and a housing. The housing has an air inlet and an air outlet at opposite ends, which are respectively the front and rear ends. The air outlet is located on the upper side of the rear end of the housing. The gas detection module is installed in the air inlet direction and the air outlet direction, respectively. The output end of the air distribution module is connected to the air inlet. The air distribution module has interconnected channels inside, and the diameter of the channels gradually decreases from the input end to the output end of the air distribution module. The chamber contains an adsorption module, a first baffle, and a second baffle arranged sequentially. At least one adsorption module is located at the front end of the chamber near the air inlet. The second baffle is located at the rear end of the chamber near the air outlet. The first baffle is located between the adsorption module and the second baffle. The first baffle is connected to the bottom of the chamber and has a gap with the top of the chamber. The second baffle is connected to the top of the chamber and has a gap with the bottom of the chamber. The box body is also provided with at least one spray nozzle, which is located on the top of the box body and between the first baffle and the second baffle.

2. The buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air distribution module includes a flow guide, a flow equalization section, and an extension section arranged sequentially along the same straight line. The input end of the flow guide is connected to the exhaust gas source, the output end of the flow guide is connected to the input end of the flow equalization section, the output end of the flow equalization section is connected to the input end of the extension section, and the output end of the extension section is adaptedly connected to the air inlet. The flow guide, the flow equalization section, and the extension section are provided with interconnected orifices that allow exhaust gas to pass through.

3. The buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial dimension of the input end of the flow guide is greater than the radial dimension of the output end of the flow guide, and the radial dimension of the flow guide gradually increases from the output end to the input end.

4. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow guiding section is provided with a plurality of flow guiding holes evenly distributed, and the flow guiding hole channels are evenly distributed according to the radial dimension of the flow guiding section; the flow equalizing section is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed flow equalizing holes; the extension section is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed through holes.

5. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the flow equalization orifice is smaller than the diameter of the flow guide orifice, and the total area of ​​the flow guide orifice is greater than the total area of ​​the flow equalization orifice; the diameter of the through orifice is less than or equal to the diameter of the flow equalization orifice.

6. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The exhaust gas enters through the guide hole, is evenly distributed to at least two equalizing holes through the guide hole channel, and is then evenly distributed to the through hole through the equalizing hole channel.

7. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the box is provided with a slot, and the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively inserted into the box through the slot.

8. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption module includes multiple adsorption plates, each filled with particulate adsorbent. The pore size of the adsorbent in the adsorption plate gradually decreases as it moves away from the air inlet.

9. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chamber is also equipped with a heating element, which is located between the air inlet and the adsorption module.

10. A buffer device for high-concentration waste gas before an incinerator, characterized in that, The buffer device includes a plurality of buffer devices as described in any one of claims 1-9, an air intake pipe, and a self-controlled valve. The buffer devices are arranged in parallel, the air inlet of the buffer device is connected to the output end of the air intake pipe, and a self-controlled valve is provided on the air intake pipe.

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