Optical lens and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an optical lens and an electronic device, and relates to the field of optical elements. The optical lens comprises, in sequence from a first side to a second side along an optical axis, a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, a third lens with positive optical power, a fourth lens with positive optical power, and a fifth lens with positive optical power. The number of lenses with optical power in the optical lens is five. The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 2.064<=F2 / F1<=3.237, wherein F1 is the focal length value of the first lens, and F2 is the focal length value of the second lens. The optical lens has weak sensitivity, a small FNO, a large light aperture, and high detection precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical components, and more specifically, to an optical lens and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of intelligent driving technology, most cars are now equipped with LiDAR lenses. To avoid blind spots, wide field-of-view LiDAR lenses are essential. To obtain more accurate signal detection, the lenses usually need to have high resolution.

[0003] Existing wide field-of-view receiving optical lenses suffer from technical problems such as high sensitivity, large aperture number (FNO, F-Number), small light transmission, low received energy, and low image resolution. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to provide an optical lens and electronic device that solves at least one of the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides an optical lens comprising, along the optical axis from a first side to a second side, a first lens having negative optical power, the first side of which is convex and the second side is concave; a second lens having negative optical power; a third lens having positive optical power; a fourth lens having positive optical power; and a fifth lens having positive optical power; the optical lens having five lenses of optical power; and the optical lens satisfying the following relationship: Where F1 is the focal length of the first lens and F2 is the focal length of the second lens.

[0006] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the first side surface of the second lens is convex and the second side surface is concave; or, the first side surface of the second lens is concave and the second side surface is convex; or, the first side surface of the second lens is concave and the second side surface is concave; the first side surface of the third lens is concave and the second side surface is convex; or, the first side surface of the third lens is convex and the second side surface is convex; the first side surface of the fourth lens is convex and the second side surface is convex; or, the first side surface of the fourth lens is convex and the second side surface is concave; or, the first side surface of the fourth lens is concave and the second side surface is convex; the first side surface of the fifth lens is convex and the second side surface is convex; or, the first side surface of the fifth lens is concave and the second side surface is convex; or, the first side surface of the fifth lens is convex and the second side surface is concave.

[0007] The letters used in this application have the following meanings: FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens; F is the focal length of the entire optical lens group; H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens; TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens; DMAX is the maximum value of the maximum aperture of each lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens; θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens; D is the maximum aperture of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens; BFL is the optical back focal length of the optical lens; ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens; DST is the maximum aperture of the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens; F3 is the focal length of the third lens; F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens; F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens; and CT1 is the center thickness of the first lens on the optical axis. CT2 is the center thickness of the second lens on the optical axis, CT3 is the center thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, CT4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens on the optical axis, CT5 is the center thickness of the fifth lens on the optical axis, R1 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the first lens, R3 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the second lens, R4 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the second lens, R5 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the third lens, R6 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the third lens, R9 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the fifth lens, R10 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the fifth lens, T34 is the air gap on the optical axis between the third and fourth lenses of the optical lens, and T45 is the air gap on the optical axis between the fourth and fifth lenses of the optical lens.

[0008] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,or .

[0009] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , or .

[0010] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , or .

[0011] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: or .

[0012] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the focal length F4 of the fourth lens satisfies the following condition with respect to the total focal length F of the optical lens: .

[0013] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , , or .

[0014] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness CT5 of the fifth lens on the optical axis satisfy the following with the total optical length TTL of the optical lens: .

[0015] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the focal length F4 of the fourth lens and the focal length F5 of the fifth lens satisfy the following: .

[0016] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the focal length F2 of the second lens and the focal length F5 of the fifth lens satisfy the following: .

[0017] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the central radius of curvature R5 of the first side surface of the third lens and the focal length F3 of the third lens satisfy the following: .

[0018] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the air gap T45 on the optical axis between the fourth and fifth lenses of the optical lens satisfies the following condition: .

[0019] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the air gap T34 on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens of the optical lens and the air gap T45 on the optical axis between the fourth lens and the fifth lens of the optical lens satisfy the following: .

[0020] According to one exemplary embodiment of this application, the second lens is made of plastic. Alternatively, the fifth lens is made of plastic. Or both the second and fifth lenses are made of plastic.

[0021] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , or .

[0022] The second aspect of this application provides an electronic device comprising an optical lens as described in the exemplary embodiments above, and at least one of an imaging element and a light source, wherein the imaging element is used to convert an optical image or optical information formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal, the light source is located on a second side of the optical lens, and the light emitted by the light source is projected onto a first side of the optical lens after passing through the optical lens, forming an image or an illuminated area on the first side of the optical lens.

[0023] The optical lens according to the embodiments of this application employs five lenses with optical power. The first lens is a negative lens, which diverges light, separating the central and peripheral rays of each field of view. The first side of the first lens is convex, and the second side is concave. At the same field of view, light emitted from the concave side of the first lens allows the second lens to have a larger light-receiving surface, resulting in greater light intake and increased image illumination. The combination of the convex first side and concave second side of the first lens ensures that light emitted from the first lens enters the second lens smoothly, reducing light sensitivity. The second lens has negative optical power and diverges light. The third lens has positive optical power and converges light. The fourth lens has positive optical power and diverges light, working in conjunction with the positive third lens for convergent resolution. The fifth lens has positive optical power and diverges light, thereby reducing the resolving burden on the fourth lens.

[0024] The focal length F2 of the second lens satisfies the same condition as the focal length F1 of the first lens: By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the second lens is prevented from being too strong. If the second lens is too strong, it will excessively diverge light, introducing more distortion and astigmatism itself, and causing light to impact subsequent lens groups at large angles, greatly increasing the difficulty of correction. Controlling the lower limit of this relationship also prevents the second lens from being too strong, preventing excessive light deflection that could obstruct the light path and ensuring high light transmission brightness of the optical lens. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the second lens is prevented from being too weak. If the second lens is too weak, almost all the negative optical power will have to be borne by the first lens alone. This would force the surface of the first lens to become very curved, leading to manufacturing difficulties, increased costs, and difficulty in correcting higher-order aberrations generated by its single surface. Controlling the upper limit of this relationship also prevents the second lens from being too weak, preventing the first lens from bearing all the negative optical power and causing higher-order aberrations, ensuring that the two negative lenses work together to deflect light, making the light transmission more uniform, and balancing a large field of view and high light transmission brightness. Therefore, by controlling the range of this relationship, the first and second lenses can work together: the first lens undertakes the main deflection task, while the second lens performs auxiliary adjustment and pre-correction. This creates favorable lighting conditions for the subsequent positive lens group and effectively improves the ability to correct distortion and field curvature over a large field of view, ultimately ensuring uniform and concentrated light spot quality across the entire field of view and improving point cloud accuracy. At the same time, this balanced design also reduces manufacturing difficulty and the sensitivity of the optical lens. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 3 of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 4 of this application is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 5 of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 6 of this application is shown;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 7 of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 8 of this application is shown;

[0034] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 9 of this application is shown;

[0035] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 10 of this application is shown;

[0036] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 11 of this application is shown;

[0037] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 12 of this application is shown;

[0038] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 13 of this application is shown;

[0039] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 14 of this application is shown;

[0040] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 15 of this application is shown;

[0041] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 16 of this application is shown;

[0042] Figure 17 The modulation transfer function (MTF) curve of the optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application is shown.

[0043] Figure 18 The modulation transfer function curve of the optical lens according to Embodiment 10 of this application is shown;

[0044] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the root mean square spot radius (RMS-SPOT) of an optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application is shown.

[0045] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the root mean square radius of an optical lens according to Embodiment 10 of this application is shown.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] First lens L1; Second lens L2; ​​Third lens L3; Fourth lens L4; Fifth lens L5; Aperture stop STO; Filter BPF; Protective glass CG; Image plane IMA;

[0048] The first side surface S1 of the first lens L1, and the second side surface S2 of the first lens L1;

[0049] The first side surface S3 of the second lens L2, the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2;

[0050] The first side surface S5 of the third lens L3, the second side surface S6 of the third lens L3;

[0051] The first side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4, and the second side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4;

[0052] The first side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5, and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5;

[0053] The first side surface S11 of the filter BPF, and the second side surface S12 of the filter BPF;

[0054] The first side of the protective glass CG is S13, and the second side of the protective glass CG is S14. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To better understand this application, various aspects of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely descriptions of exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. It should be noted that in this specification, the terms first, second, third, etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not indicate any limitation on the features. Therefore, the first lens discussed below may also be referred to as the second lens or the third lens without departing from the teachings of this application. In the drawings, for ease of illustration, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses have been slightly exaggerated. Specifically, the shapes of spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not strictly drawn to scale.

[0056] In this document, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region. The surface of each lens closest to the first side is called the first side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the second side is called the second side surface of the lens. It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," and / or "having," when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when describing embodiments of this application, the term "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration. Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., terms defined in common dictionaries) should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined herein. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0057] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0058] An optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application may include, for example, five lenses with optical power, namely a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens, which are arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis.

[0059] In the example, the optical lens can be used as, for example, an imaging lens. In this case, the first side of the optical lens can be the object side, and the second side can be the image side. Light from the object side can be imaged on the image side. The second side of the optical lens is provided with an imaging surface. The imaging lens can be a vehicle-mounted lens, a security monitoring lens, or a radar receiver lens. In the example, the optical lens can be used as, for example, a projection lens or a lidar transmitter lens. In this case, the second side of the optical lens can be the image source side, and the first side can be the imaging side. Light from the image source side can be imaged on the imaging side. The second side of the optical lens is provided with an image source surface. In the example, the optical lens provided in this application can be used as a light receiving lens or a light emitting lens. The light receiving lens is typically used to collect light from the object-side space. The collected light is used to form detection information, including but not limited to imaging, laser point clouds, etc. The light emitting lens is typically used to transmit light from the light emitting unit to the object-side space. According to the function of the light, the light transmitted to the object-side space can be divided into projection light for forming a projected image or detection light for detecting target information, etc. It is understood that when the optical lens provided in this application is used as a light-receiving lens such as a camera lens, a lidar receiver lens, a microscope lens, or a telescope lens, the term "first side" as used herein can refer to the object side, and "second side" can refer to the image side (such as the side where a photoelectric sensor or retina is located). That is, light from the object side can, for example, form an image on the image side. A camera lens can be, for example, a vehicle-mounted camera, an infrared camera, a drone camera, a night vision camera, or a security monitoring camera. When the optical lens provided in this application is used as a light-emitting lens such as a projection lens or a lidar transmitter lens, the term "first side" as used herein can refer to the object side, and "second side" can refer to the light source side. In some possible implementations, the optical lens provided in this application can also simultaneously perform light-receiving and light-emitting functions. For example, in a lidar system with shared light and light paths, the optical lens simultaneously performs the functions of emitting laser light and receiving radar echo beams. As another example, in a system integrating optical communication and radar, the optical lens simultaneously performs the functions of emitting modulated optical signals and receiving radar echo beams.

[0060] In the example, the first lens is a negative lens, which diverges light. The first side of the first lens is convex to allow for greater light intake. The second side of the first lens is concave to allow light to enter the rear lens more smoothly, reducing light sensitivity.

[0061] In the example, the second lens is a negative lens. The first side of the second lens is convex and the second side is concave. When paired with the first lens, which is also a negative lens, it can achieve smooth divergence of light across a wide field of view. This ensures wide field of view coverage while avoiding excessive divergence that would increase the aperture of the rear lens group, and can suppress distortion, astigmatism, and field curvature.

[0062] In the example, the second lens is a negative lens. The first side of the second lens is concave, and the second side is concave. This allows light to be quickly diffused into the last three lenses, which helps to increase the optical path at the edge of the field of view, thereby relieving the resolution pressure of the last three lenses and optimizing aberrations such as distortion and astigmatism.

[0063] In the example, the second lens is a negative lens. The first side of the second lens is concave and the second side is convex. For a wide field of view, the wide beam is first strongly diverged to broaden the field of view, and then the divergence angle is moderately converged through the convex surface to avoid the edge light rays from overflowing into the rear group, while optimizing aberrations such as distortion and astigmatism.

[0064] In the example, the third lens is a positive lens. The first side of the third lens is concave and the second side is convex. It receives the light emitted from the second lens and smoothly transitions it to the fourth lens behind it. This reduces the ghost image energy level generated by the reflection from the surface of the third lens, which helps to reduce the incident angle when edge light rays are incident. Therefore, it can alleviate the problem of relative illumination reduction after the third lens is coated.

[0065] In the example, the third lens is a positive lens with both its first and second sides being convex. It converges the light rays that have been fully diverged by the second lens, reducing the incident angle deviation of off-axis rays. It supplements the positive optical power of the optical lens, balances the negative optical power of the first and second lenses on the divergence of the beam, and alleviates the optical power pressure on the fourth lens.

[0066] In the example, the fourth lens is a positive lens, which, together with the third positive lens, performs convergent resolving. The first side of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side is concave. This further converges and focuses the forward beam, initiating optical lens convergence imaging. It also smooths out the rapidly converging beam at the front, making the beam path at the edges of the field of view gentler, which is beneficial for correcting edge field of view aberrations.

[0067] In the example, the fourth lens is a positive lens. The first side of the fourth lens is concave and the second side is convex. It slightly diffuses the beam converged by the third lens in front, which helps to correct edge field of view aberrations, achieve high resolution of the optical lens, and gradually reduce the beam size, thus achieving low cost and miniaturization of the optical lens.

[0068] In the example, the fourth lens is a positive lens with a convex first side and a convex second side. It converges and focuses the light beam in front, initiating optical lens convergence imaging, avoiding excessive beam diffusion, reducing the incident angle deviation of off-axis rays, supplementing the positive optical power of the optical lens, balancing the negative optical power of the first and second lenses on the beam divergence, alleviating the optical power pressure of the fifth lens, and preventing subsequent image blurring due to insufficient optical power of the fifth lens.

[0069] In the example, the fifth lens is a positive lens. Its first side is convex, and its second side is concave. This converging and narrowing effect on the light beam reduces the resolving burden on the fourth lens. The convex first side has significant curvature, efficiently converging light at the center while appropriately diverging it at the edges, thus improving the image quality of the optical lens. The concave second side moderately diverges the central light while moderately converging the edge light, smoothly guiding the beam to the image plane and controlling image quality.

[0070] In the example, the fifth lens is a positive lens, with a concave first side and a convex second side. This enhances the converging ability of light rays and quickly focuses the beam onto the image plane. It ensures overall image quality while keeping optical lens distortion within a reasonable range.

[0071] In the example, the fifth lens is a positive lens. The first side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the second side surface of the fifth lens is convex. This convergence and beam-gathering adjustment helps to improve image quality. In addition, the center surface is relatively flat, thereby reflecting the reflected light from the receiving chip to outside the chip range, thus reducing ghosting of the receiving end optical lens.

[0072] In the example, the optical lens may also include an aperture stop, which may be positioned, for example, between the second and third lenses. By setting an aperture stop, it is beneficial to balance the aperture sizes of the lenses before and after the aperture stop, thus smoothing the light path.

[0073] In the example implementation, the surfaces of the second and fifth lenses may have one or more aspherical surfaces. The aspherical surfaces have different curvatures at different positions of the lens, which can adjust the light path to converge to the image plane, thereby better correcting aberrations and improving the resolving power of the optical lens.

[0074] In the example, the optical lens may also include a band-pass filter (BPF) located between the fifth lens and the image plane to filter light of different wavelengths. The optical lens may also, as needed, have a cover glass (CG) between the filter and the image plane to prevent damage to internal components of the optical lens (e.g., a chip).

[0075] In the example, the optical lens may further include a photosensitive element disposed on the second side. Optionally, the photosensitive element disposed on the second side may be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS).

[0076] In the example, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, the total focal length (F) of the optical lens, and the image height (H) corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the range of this relationship, the linearity of the change in image height H with FOV is required to ensure the correspondence between the position of the object on the image plane and its spatial angle. This results in a lower degree of image distortion in the optical lens, effectively correcting aberrations such as distortion and coma that are prone to occur in wide-angle lenses, improving the consistency of laser echo reception across the entire field of view, especially at the edges, and avoiding spot diffusion or distortion.

[0077] In the example, the total optical length TTL of the optical lens and the focal length F of the entire optical lens assembly satisfy the following: Preferably, Given a fixed focal length, a smaller value of this relationship indicates a more compact optical lens, enabling miniaturization. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, it is ensured that the optical lens must have a sufficiently long physical dimension. This provides space for the first lens (negative) to strongly diverge ultra-large incident light rays, allowing light to reach the image sensor at a gentle angle, a prerequisite for achieving ultra-wide-angle lenses. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the compactness of the optical lens is constrained, preventing excessive expansion of its overall length.

[0078] In the example, the total optical length (TTL) of the optical lens, the image height (H) corresponding to the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, and the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, Given a fixed chip and field of view, a smaller value of this relationship indicates a more compact optical lens, enabling miniaturization. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, sufficient TTL (Time-to-Live) is ensured for the optical lens. This is crucial for accommodating the front group (first and second lenses) negative lens of the anti-telephoto structure, achieving a large field of view, and providing necessary aberration correction space, preventing the sacrifice of optical performance in the pursuit of miniaturization. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the redundancy of the optical lens is strictly limited, forcing a highly compact design. It necessitates efficient use of the optical path, avoiding unnecessary space waste.

[0079] In the example, the total optical length TTL of the optical lens and the maximum value DMAX of the maximum aperture of each lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, A smaller value for this relationship indicates a more compact and smaller overall optical lens. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the TTL (Time To Live) is ensured to be not too short. Sufficient length, relative to DMAX, is crucial for achieving a reverse telephoto structure. It provides the necessary path for light to propagate from the large-aperture front group (especially the first lens accommodating the ultra-wide angle) to the image plane, effectively correcting large field-of-view aberrations such as astigmatism and field curvature, and ensuring sufficient back working distance. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the aspect ratio of the optical lens is limited, preventing it from becoming too elongated. This means that the design must strive for a synergistic optimization of aperture and length.

[0080] In the example, the focal length F of the entire optical lens group, the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the range of this relationship, the entire optical lens can be more compact and smaller while maintaining a consistent field of view. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the optical lens is forced to tend towards the image-side telecentricity, meaning that the peripheral principal rays arrive at the sensor at a near-perpendicular angle. This characteristic directly brings the advantage of compactness: it significantly reduces the requirement for back focal distance, creating conditions for shortening the optical lens's TTL and making the entire optical lens module thinner. At the same time, limiting the angle of the peripheral rays can effectively suppress off-axis aberrations such as astigmatism and coma caused by a large field of view. This means that there is no need to rely on too many or too large compensation lenses for correction, thus allowing the use of smaller aperture rear elements (third to fifth lenses). Therefore, by controlling this relationship, correction efficiency is improved from the source of optical path design, achieving a large field of view and a large aperture with higher optical path efficiency, directly driving the simultaneous minimization of the radial and axial dimensions of the optical lens.

[0081] In the example, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, Given a fixed chip and field of view, a smaller front aperture allows for miniaturization. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the entrance pupil diameter is ensured not to be too small, thus guaranteeing that the optical lens possesses basic light-gathering capabilities matching a large aperture, avoiding sacrificing optical performance for excessive miniaturization. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the relative size of the maximum light-gathering aperture D is strictly limited. This constraint forces the optical lens to use a smaller lens size, thereby significantly reducing the radial dimension (diameter) of the optical lens, which is a direct means of achieving lateral compactness.

[0082] In the example, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the focal length F of the entire optical lens group satisfy the following: Preferably, With a fixed focal length, this allows the lens to possess the characteristics of a large target area and a small aperture, ensuring compatibility with large target areas. By controlling this relationship, it ensures that, given optical capabilities, the optical lens can support a large H value, meaning it can cover large-size image sensors (large target areas) and obtain higher quality imaging. It drives front-end miniaturization: by controlling this relationship, it requires that, for a given H and F, D must be limited within a reasonable range. This forces the optical lens to utilize light efficiently, and by optimizing optical power distribution and aberration correction, it enables the achievement of an ultra-large field of view without huge front-group (first and second lenses) lens diameters, thus realizing a small-aperture front-end design.

[0083] In the example, the optical back focal length (BFL) of the optical lens and the total optical length (TTL) of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling this relationship, a suitable back focal length for the optical lens can be achieved, resulting in a smaller size and providing space for the installation of optical components and focusing. Controlling the lower limit of this relationship ensures that the BFL (Browser-Flat Link) is not too short, providing the necessary minimum space for the installation of filters, protective glass, or sensor image stabilization components, avoiding mechanical interference. Sufficient BFL also helps improve image quality at the edges of the field of view. Effectively controlling the TTL (Time-To-Live) of the entire optical lens is a crucial constraint for achieving a compact overall structure.

[0084] In the example, the focal length F of the entire optical lens group and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, Controlling this relationship improves resolving power. Controlling the lower limit of this relationship prevents the focal length from becoming too short. This avoids an excessively steep principal ray angle in pursuit of extreme wide-angle, helps suppress astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion at the edges of the field of view, maintains relative illumination, and prevents excessive vignetting, which is crucial for ensuring uniformity of image quality across the entire field of view at large apertures. Controlling the upper limit of this relationship restricts the equivalent focal length of the optical lens from becoming too long. This ensures that a large field of view can be achieved at a given H, which is fundamental to meeting wide-angle performance requirements.

[0085] In the example, the focal length F of the entire optical lens assembly and the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling this relationship, a smaller FNO (Flight Noise) is beneficial for increasing the light transmittance, resulting in a larger entrance pupil diameter, which helps to improve the detection range of the lidar.

[0086] In the example, the focal length F of the entire optical lens group, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens, and the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling this relationship, a small aperture can be ensured while maintaining high light throughput, thus achieving miniaturization of optical lenses.

[0087] In the example, the maximum aperture DST of the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, A larger DST / F value results in a larger aperture for the optical lens. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the aperture stop is ensured to be of sufficient size to meet the light requirements of a large aperture and to prevent excessive vignetting on the image plane. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the aperture stop diameter is limited, allowing it to effectively control the incident angle of the principal ray. An aperture stop at this position brings the optical lens closer to the image side telecenter, significantly reducing the incident angle of light at the edges of the field of view. This greatly helps correct off-axis aberrations inherent in ultra-large fields of view, such as astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion, while also creating smoother correction conditions for the third to fifth lenses.

[0088] In the example, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the focal length F of the entire optical lens group, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, This formula reflects the ratio of the actual image height to the ideal image height. By controlling this formula, the optical distortion of the optical lens can be controlled, which is beneficial for achieving a wide field of view.

[0089] In the example, the focal length F of the entire optical lens group, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, This formula reflects the ratio of the actual image height to the ideal image height. By controlling this formula, the optical distortion of the optical lens can be controlled, which is beneficial for achieving a wide field of view.

[0090] In the example, the total optical length TTL of the optical lens and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, Given a fixed chip height, a smaller value of this relationship indicates a more compact optical lens, enabling miniaturization. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, sufficient overall length of the optical lens is ensured. This provides the necessary physical space for the first negative lens to emit light with an ultra-wide field of view, forming the basis for correcting aberrations such as astigmatism and field curvature. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the aspect ratio of the optical lens is strictly limited, forcing axial compactness. This compels the optical lens to utilize the optical path efficiently, minimizing its length while maintaining performance.

[0091] In the example, the focal length F1 of the first lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, By controlling this relationship, the field of view can be effectively expanded through a moderate negative optical power, allowing light rays entering the optical lens at large angles to be received, thus increasing the field of view range of the optical lens. This deflects edge rays towards the optical axis to reduce the burden on subsequent lenses. At the same time, it avoids excessive light divergence caused by excessive negative optical power, preventing subsequent lenses from having to bear excessive converging pressure and introducing serious spherical aberration and coma. It also helps to reduce the sensitivity of the optical lens and realize the miniaturization design of the optical lens.

[0092] In the example, the focal length F2 of the second lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, The second lens primarily performs a second adjustment to the beam across the entire field of view. When used in conjunction with the negative lens of the first lens, it smoothly deflects incident light across a wide field of view, preventing a surge in aberrations such as distortion and coma caused by abrupt changes in the light path. This also provides a reasonable correction path for the positive lenses in the subsequent groups (the third to fifth lenses). The positive lenses in the subsequent groups (the third to fifth lenses) precisely converge the light rays that have been smoothly deflected by the preceding groups (the first and second lenses), effectively improving the consistency of laser echo reception across the entire field of view, especially at the edges, and preventing light spot diffusion. Ultimately, this enhances the sharpness and uniformity of the entire field of view image.

[0093] In the example, the focal length F3 of the third lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, The third lens can adjust the incident angle of the large field-of-view light transmitted by the front group (the first and second lenses), thereby ensuring a smaller aperture for the subsequent fourth and fifth lenses, compressing the size of the optical lens, and reducing material costs; at the same time, it performs aberration balance adjustment on the collected large field-of-view light, ultimately achieving high imaging quality of the optical lens.

[0094] In the example, the focal length F4 of the fourth lens satisfies the following condition with the total focal length F of the optical lens: Preferably, After the front group (first and second lenses) completes the smooth deflection of the incident light rays in the large field of view, F4 can moderately converge the light path and perform preliminary aberration correction, and quickly converge it to the fifth lens, laying the optical path for the accurate light collection of subsequent lenses. At the same time, it balances the optical load of the positive lenses in the rear group (third to fifth lenses) to avoid aberration superposition caused by excessive deflection force of a single lens.

[0095] In the example, the focal length F5 of the fifth lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, The fifth lens can adjust the incident angle of the large field-of-view rays transmitted by the front group (the first and second lenses), thereby quickly converging the light rays to the image plane. After the double negative mirrors of the front group (the first and second lenses) gently deflect the large field-of-view incident rays, and the positive mirrors in the middle (the third and fourth lenses) complete the initial ray convergence and basic aberration correction, the F5 lens can accurately receive the optical path and efficiently compensate and correct the aberrations such as distortion and coma remaining in the previous optical path, while smoothly completing the final ray convergence.

[0096] In the example, the center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness CT5 of the fifth lens on the optical axis satisfy the following with the total optical length TTL of the optical lens: Preferably, On the one hand, controlling the range of this relationship ensures reasonable control of TTL, making the optical lens structure compact and easy to integrate. On the other hand, controlling the range of this relationship helps correct aberrations caused by a large field of view, especially distortion and edge image quality degradation, thus improving the accuracy of point cloud data.

[0097] In the example, the central radius of curvature R1 of the first side of the first lens satisfies the following condition with respect to the focal length F of the entire optical lens assembly: Preferably, By using the small R1 of the first lens, and the fact that the first side of the first lens is convex, the light is initially and gently converged. At the same time, it effectively suppresses the large field-of-view distortion and off-axis aberrations unique to ultra-wide-angle lenses, leaving sufficient margin for aberration correction of subsequent lens groups (second to fifth lenses), and ensuring the imaging quality of the optical lens across the entire field of view.

[0098] In the example, the central radius of curvature R1 of the first side surface of the first lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, By using a convex first side surface of the first lens and a negative optical power, the light rays incident on the ultra-wide-angle field of view are appropriately diverged and the angle is regularized, avoiding excessive deflection of off-axis light rays. At the same time, it effectively balances off-axis aberrations such as distortion and field curvature that are prone to occur in ultra-wide-angle lenses, improves the imaging quality and light spot energy concentration of the edge field of view, and enhances the consistency and sharpness of the full field of view imaging.

[0099] In the example, the central radius of curvature R3 of the first side of the second lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, By controlling the range of this relationship, a smoother transition of light from the first lens to the second lens can be ensured, avoiding increased aberrations due to excessive or insufficient curvature. This is especially important for large fields of view, where effective management of the incident angle of edge rays is necessary to reduce distortion and field curvature. By receiving light from the first lens and adjusting its incident angle and transmission path, excessive reflection of light on the surface of the second lens is reduced to suppress ghosting, while simultaneously optimizing the light convergence state under large fields of view and improving the resolving power of the optical lens.

[0100] In the example, the central radius of curvature R5 of the first side of the third lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, By controlling the range of this relationship, a larger R5 helps to reduce ghosting produced by the third lens and reduces the relative illumination decrease at large field of view after coating. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, excessive light convergence caused by excessively small object surface curvature can be avoided, reducing aberrations such as spherical aberration and field curvature, and ensuring smooth beam transmission. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, insufficient light convergence caused by excessively large object surface curvature can be avoided, allowing the positive mirror of the third lens to fully exert its optical power, balancing the optical power distribution of the five lenses, improving the image sharpness and consistency at the center and edge of the field of view, and ensuring high resolution.

[0101] In the example, the central radius of curvature R9 of the first side of the fifth lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, The fifth lens is the final lens. By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the fifth lens can be ensured to have sufficient curvature to effectively handle the final light convergence and aberration correction tasks, especially optimizing the image quality of the edge field of view and controlling the principal ray angle to match the sensor. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, high-order aberrations (such as astigmatism) introduced by excessive curvature of the surface can be avoided, and its sensitivity to assembly tolerances can be reduced, improving mass production stability.

[0102] In the example, the central radius of curvature R10 of the second side of the fifth lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, sufficient curvature on the second side of the fifth lens can be ensured to effectively control the exit angle of the principal rays in the edge field of view, allowing them to better match the detector image plane and thus improving the relative illumination and detection efficiency of the edge field of view. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the second side of the fifth lens can be prevented from becoming too flat, thus losing its ability to correct aberrations (especially field curvature), and it is also beneficial to control the back focal length and overall length of the optical lens, maintaining a compact structure. By controlling the range of this relationship, the flatness and illumination uniformity of the second side of the fifth lens are optimized, resulting in consistent and concentrated spot quality from the center to the edge under wide-angle conditions.

[0103] In the example, the central radius of curvature R3 of the first side surface of the second lens and the central radius of curvature R4 of the second side surface of the second lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, an imbalance in the curvature ratio between the first and second sides of the second lens can be avoided, preventing light refraction disorder, reducing aberrations such as coma and astigmatism, and ensuring the basic guiding stability of the beam by the second lens. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, an excessive difference in curvature between the first and second sides of the second lens can be avoided, allowing the optical power of the second lens to be released reasonably, balancing the optical power distribution of the five lenses, reducing the aberration correction pressure of the subsequent third to fifth lenses, improving the clarity and consistency of imaging in a large field of view, and enhancing resolving power.

[0104] In the example, the central radius of curvature R5 of the first side surface of the third lens and the central radius of curvature R6 of the second side surface of the third lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the curvature ratio of the first and second sides of the third lens can be kept unbalanced, preventing disordered light convergence paths, reducing aberrations such as spherical aberration and field curvature, and ensuring the basic convergence stability of the third lens (positive) towards the beam. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the curvature difference between the first and second sides of the third lens can be kept too large, allowing the optical power of the third lens to be released reasonably, balancing the optical power distribution of the five lenses, reducing the aberration correction pressure of the subsequent fourth to fifth lenses, and improving the imaging consistency between the center and the edge under a large field of view.

[0105] In the example, the central radius of curvature R9 of the first side surface of the fifth lens and the central radius of curvature R10 of the second side surface of the fifth lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the first side of the fifth lens can be ensured to have the necessary curvature to effectively participate in the correction of residual astigmatism and field curvature, and to smoothly receive light from the fourth lens. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the second side of the fifth lens can be prevented from becoming too flat, thus losing its key role in controlling the flatness of the second side of the fifth lens and the angle of the principal ray, which is conducive to the perpendicular incidence of light on the detector and improves edge response. Therefore, by controlling the range of this relationship, the fifth lens can achieve the best balance between strongly converging light and finely trimmed image plane, thereby ensuring uniform and sharp light spots in a large field of view, significantly improving the positioning accuracy of point clouds and the thermal stability and reliability of the optical lens under different environments.

[0106] In the example, the focal length F2 of the second lens satisfies the same condition as the focal length F1 of the first lens: Preferably, By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, we prevent the second lens from having excessive optical power, thus preventing excessive light divergence and the introduction of aberrations. This also avoids light refraction obstructing light transmission, ensuring high light transmission brightness, and reducing the difficulty of subsequent lens group correction. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, we prevent the second lens from having excessive optical power, preventing the first lens from bearing the burden of optical power alone, which would lead to manufacturing difficulties and aberration correction challenges. This ensures coordinated deflection by both lenses, resulting in more uniform light transmission. This ratio allows the first lens to perform primary deflection and the second lens to assist in correction, optimizing the subsequent optical path, improving the ability to correct aberrations over a large field of view, ensuring uniform light spots, improving point cloud accuracy, and reducing manufacturing difficulty and system sensitivity.

[0107] In the example, the focal length F5 of the fifth lens and the focal length F4 of the fourth lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the lower limit of this relationship, the fifth lens is ensured to have sufficient optical power to effectively handle the final image plane flattening and residual aberration correction (such as field curvature), thereby guaranteeing the imaging quality of the edge field of view. By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, the optical power of the fifth lens is prevented from becoming too strong, avoiding the introduction of new higher-order aberrations due to excessive bending of light rays. At the same time, it ensures that the fourth lens can effectively share the convergence capability, making the light transition smoother and reducing the sensitivity of the optical lens to tolerance and temperature changes. Therefore, by controlling the range of this relationship, the fifth and fourth lenses are optimized synergistically, achieving a balance between strong convergence and fine aberration correction. This significantly improves the uniformity and concentration of the light spot within a large field of view, ensures the accuracy of point cloud data, and enhances the stability and mass production capability of the optical lens.

[0108] In the example, the air gap T45 on the optical axis between the fourth and fifth lenses of the optical lens satisfies the following condition: Preferably, By controlling this relationship, the aberration correction capabilities of the fourth and fifth lenses are balanced with the compactness of the optical lens. Controlling the lower limit of this relationship ensures sufficient space between the fourth and fifth lenses. This provides the necessary physical spacing for light propagation and aberration correction, preventing limitations on the ability to adjust edge rays and aberrations due to excessive proximity, while also helping to control stray light. Controlling the upper limit of this relationship prevents excessively large T45. An excessively large T45 slows down the light convergence process, increases TTL, and may weaken the timely correction effect of the fifth lens on edge field-of-view aberrations, which is detrimental to structural compactness and image quality optimization. In summary, by controlling the range of this relationship, the optical lens maintains a compact and efficient structure while ensuring sufficient aberration correction capabilities for the fourth and fifth lenses. This helps achieve more uniform and clearer spot quality within a large field of view, thereby improving the point cloud accuracy of the lidar and enhancing the stability and mass production consistency of the optical lens under temperature variations.

[0109] In the example, the focal length F2 of the second lens and the focal length F5 of the fifth lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the range of this relationship, the focal length ratio of the second (negative) lens and the fifth (positive) lens is adjusted to balance the relationship between the initial divergence and final convergence of light in the optical lens. Controlling the lower limit of this relationship primarily prevents the absolute value of the negative focal length of the second lens from being too large (i.e., insufficient optical power) or the positive focal length of the fifth lens from being too small (i.e., excessive optical power). This ensures that the second lens can effectively share the light divergence task of the front group (the first and second lenses), avoiding the introduction of uncontrollable higher-order aberrations (such as spherical aberration and field curvature) by the fifth lens due to excessive convergence, while leaving room for initial aberration correction. Controlling the upper limit of this relationship primarily prevents the absolute value of the negative focal length of the second lens from being too small (i.e., excessive optical power) or the positive focal length of the fifth lens from being too large (i.e., insufficient optical power). This ensures that the fifth lens has sufficient optical power to complete the final convergence of light, avoiding an excessively long back intercept of the optical lens or insufficient convergence of edge light, thereby maintaining image plane flatness and imaging quality at the edges of the field of view. In summary, by controlling the range of this relationship, the optical lens achieves a balance between wide-angle light management and final image quality optimization, effectively improving its ability to correct large field-of-view distortion and field curvature, ensuring that the light spot is concentrated and uniform across the entire field of view, thereby improving the detection accuracy of lidar point clouds and the stability of the optical lens in different environments.

[0110] In the example, the air gap T34 on the optical axis between the third and fourth lenses of the optical lens and the air gap T45 on the optical axis between the fourth and fifth lenses of the optical lens satisfy the following: Preferably, By controlling the upper limit of this relationship, T34 must be relatively small. This benefits us by allowing the third and fourth lenses, with positive focal lengths, to work closely together in the optical path, more efficiently correcting aberrations such as astigmatism and field curvature introduced by the negative lenses of the front group (first and second lenses), while also helping to control TTL and maintain a compact structure. Meanwhile, T45 is relatively large. This benefits us by providing sufficient working distance for the fifth lens (positive). This allows the fifth lens to perform final, fine-tuning of the image plane and adjustment of the principal ray angle on the light rays corrected by the third and fourth lenses, thus significantly optimizing the image quality and spot concentration at the edges of the field of view. In summary, by controlling the range of this relationship, the third to fifth lenses achieve an optimal balance between "close cooperation for powerful aberration correction" (small T34) and "leaving room for fine-tuning the image plane" (large T45). While ensuring a compact optical lens structure, it greatly improves the ability to correct aberrations in ultra-large field of view, ensuring image clarity and spot consistency from the center to the edge, thereby guaranteeing the overall accuracy of lidar point cloud data and the reliability of the optical lens.

[0111] In the example, by controlling and Within the range of the two relational formulas, a significant amount of light, after passing through the first and second lenses in the front group and being diffused, ensures high light throughput for the overall lens, laying a high-quality optical path foundation for the third, fourth, and fifth lenses in the rear group. After passing through the third, fourth, and fifth lenses in the rear group, by controlling the inter-lens spacing ratio of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses, the third and fourth lenses can efficiently correct aberrations formed in the front group, while reserving a reasonable working distance for the fifth lens to complete terminal aberration optimization. The first and second lenses in the front group achieve reasonable light deflection and ensure light transmission, while the third, fourth, and fifth lenses in the rear group accurately complete step-by-step aberration correction. Under the compact lens structure, this significantly improves the image quality and spot uniformity across the entire field of view, jointly ensuring the high point cloud accuracy and structural robustness of the wide field of view lens.

[0112] In the example, by controlling and By adjusting the optical power distribution of the negative lenses in the first and second lenses of the front group, the two relational formulas enable the first and second lenses to work together to efficiently and uniformly deflect and pre-correct incident light rays at large angles. This lays a solid foundation for smooth light and controllable aberrations in the third, fourth, and fifth lenses of the rear group. Based on this, after optimizing the light management of the first and second lenses, the third lens can adopt a larger first side curvature radius (i.e., a flatter mirror surface), effectively reducing ghost reflections and improving the uniformity of illumination at the edges of a large field of view without significantly introducing new aberrations. This ensures global optimization of the system from optical path architecture to image plane illumination, achieving an ultra-wide FOV while synergistically improving the accuracy of the point cloud signal and the system signal-to-noise ratio.

[0113] In the example, by controlling , and The range of the three relationships, F2 / F1, optimizes the power distribution of the negative lenses in the first and second front elements, laying the foundation for smooth light and controllable aberrations in the optical lens. This foundation directly enables |R5 / F3|, allowing the third lens to effectively suppress ghosting and improve illumination uniformity while bearing the main power, thus enhancing signal quality. Furthermore, the excellent intermediate image field created by F2 / F1 and T34 / T45 makes the compact rear element layout of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses specified by T34 / T45 possible. This allows the third and fourth lenses to efficiently and collaboratively correct astigmatism and field curvature, and reserves space for the final fine-tuning of the fifth lens's flattening. The combined control of the range of these three relationships achieves a system-level balance from optical path architecture, image quality and signal-to-noise ratio optimization to structural compactness, jointly ensuring high-quality imaging in an ultra-wide field of view.

[0114] In the example, the second lens is plastic. Alternatively, the fifth lens is plastic. Or both the second and fifth lenses are plastic. Using plastic for both the second and fifth lenses reduces costs. Furthermore, to ensure complementary back focus shifts under high and low temperatures, plastic is preferable for lenses with one positive and one negative focal length. Since the first and second lenses are negative, and the third, fourth, and fifth lenses are positive, one lens from the third to the fifth is chosen as a plastic lens, and one lens from the first and second lenses is also chosen as a plastic lens. The reason for choosing plastic for the second lens is that the first lens is the foremost negative lens, directly exposed to the vehicle's outdoor environment, and must withstand high temperatures, low temperatures, and dust impacts. Therefore, a highly reliable material is required. Plastic has a high coefficient of thermal deformation, poor aging resistance, and weak impact resistance, making it prone to deformation or damage. Thus, the first lens cannot be made of plastic, and only the second lens can be chosen. The reason for choosing plastic for the fifth lens is that the fifth lens is the final lens, performing the final beam correction. Its aspherical design improves the final image quality, and using plastic for the aspherical fifth lens reduces costs. The optical power combination of "second lens (negative) + fifth lens (positive)" can utilize the thermal deformation characteristics of plastic to compensate in reverse, ensuring the stability of the optical path, while avoiding the core third and fourth lenses, thus not affecting the radar detection accuracy.

[0115] The optical lens according to the above embodiments of this application can employ multiple lenses, such as the five lenses mentioned above. By rationally allocating the optical parameters of each lens, the optical lens achieves small aperture, miniaturization, high resolution, low sensitivity, large angular resolution, large field of view, long back focal length, low distortion, small principal angle, high illumination, and good manufacturability. Furthermore, it can be well-matched to applications such as automotive chips without vignetting. This optical lens exhibits excellent temperature performance, with minimal changes in imaging effect at high and low temperatures, and stable image quality. Therefore, the optical lens according to the above embodiments of this application can better meet the requirements of applications such as automotive applications.

[0116] Specific embodiments of the optical lens applicable to the above-described embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] The following is for reference Figure 1 The optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application is described.

[0119] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical lens includes, in sequence from the first side to the second side along the optical axis: a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, and a fifth lens L5. An aperture stop STO can be positioned between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3.

[0120] The first lens L1 has negative optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is concave.

[0121] The second lens L2 has negative optical power, its first side surface S3 is convex, and its second side surface S4 is concave.

[0122] The third lens L3 has positive optical power, with its first side surface S5 being concave and its second side surface S6 being convex.

[0123] The fourth lens L4 has positive optical power, and its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is convex.

[0124] The fifth lens L5 has positive optical power, and its first side surface S9 is convex, and its second side surface S10 is convex.

[0125] An image plane IMA is provided on the second side of the optical lens. When the IMA is the imaging plane, light from the object passes through each surface sequentially and is finally imaged on the IMA. When the IMA is the image source plane, light from the IMA passes through each surface sequentially and is finally projected onto the object. A filter BPF and a protective glass CG are disposed between the fifth lens L5 and the image plane IMA. The filter BPF has a first side surface S11 and a second side surface S12, and the protective glass CG has a first side surface S13 and a second side surface S14. The first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 and the first side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 have at least one inflection point. Table 1 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 1.

[0126] Table 1. Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 1

[0127]

[0128] In Embodiment 1, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. The surface shape of each aspherical surface can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical surface formula:

[0129] ;

[0130] in, x Let be the distance vector from the vertex of the aspherical surface at a height of h along the optical axis; c is the paraxial curvature of the aspherical surface, c = 1 / R (i.e., the paraxial curvature c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R in Table 1 above); k is the conic coefficient; Ai is the i-th order correction coefficient of the aspherical surface. Table 2 gives the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 1.

[0131] Table 2. Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 1

[0132]

[0133] from Figure 17 As can be seen, the optical lens of Example 1 has an MTF value of over 0.65 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm. Figure 17 In the middle, the meridian curve and the sagittal curve at 0.00 (degrees) coincide. Figure 19 The diagram illustrates the light spots produced by light of various wavelengths on the image plane IMA in different fields of view of the optical lens of Embodiment 1, and shows the RMS values ​​corresponding to the nine fields of view (field 1-field 9) of the optical lens of Embodiment 1. In the diagram, blue, green, and red correspond to light wavelengths of 0.92 μm, 0.94 μm, and 0.96 μm, respectively. Specifically, interpreting the diagram, for example, the diagram corresponding to field 1, means that within a field of view of 0.00 degrees, light wavelengths of 0.92 μm, 0.94 μm, and 0.96 μm are produced on the image plane IMA as image spots (the same applies to fields of view 2-field 9). Therefore, from... Figure 19 As shown, the optical lens of Example 1 has an RMS value of 13.324 micrometers on the image plane IMA at the edge field of view (i.e., field of view 9). Therefore, the optical lens of Example 1 produces images with high clarity and relatively concentrated energy. The closer the MTF value is to 1, the clearer the image, the higher the contrast, and the better the image quality; the smaller the RMS value, the more concentrated the energy of the image point, the higher the accuracy, the smaller the error, and the better the image quality. The optical lens of this application can achieve high imaging quality by meeting any of the following indicators: an MTF value greater than 0.4 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm; or, an RMS of the image plane spot at the edge field of view less than 20 micrometers.

[0134] Example 2

[0135] The following is for reference Figure 2 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 2 of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave, and the second side surface S4 is convex; the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 has at least one inflection point. Table 3 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 2.

[0136] Table 3 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 2

[0137]

[0138] In Embodiment 2, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 4 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Embodiment 2.

[0139] Table 4. Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 2

[0140]

[0141] The optical lens of Example 2 has an MTF value exceeding 0.78 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 11.185 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 2 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0142] Example 3

[0143] The following is for reference Figure 3 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 3 of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave and the second side surface S4 is convex; the second side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 has at least one inflection point. Table 5 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of Embodiment 3.

[0144] Table 5 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 3

[0145]

[0146] In Example 3, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 6 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 3.

[0147] Table 6. Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 3

[0148]

[0149] The optical lens of Example 3 has an MTF value exceeding 0.72 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 12.026 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 3 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0150] Example 4

[0151] The following is for reference Figure 4 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 4 of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 have at least one inflection point. Table 7 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of Embodiment 4.

[0152] Table 7 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 4

[0153]

[0154] In Example 4, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 8 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 4.

[0155] Table 8. Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 4

[0156]

[0157] The optical lens of Example 4 has an MTF value exceeding 0.50 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 17.260 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 4 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0158] Example 5

[0159] The following is for reference Figure 5 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 5 of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different. Table 9 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 5.

[0160] Table 9 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 5

[0161]

[0162] In Example 5, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 10 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 5.

[0163] Table 10 Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 5

[0164]

[0165] The optical lens of Example 5 has an MTF value exceeding 0.73 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 11.812 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 5 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0166] Example 6

[0167] The following is for reference Figure 6 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 6 of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different. Table 11 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 6.

[0168] Table 11 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 6

[0169]

[0170] In Example 6, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 12 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 6.

[0171] Table 12 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 6

[0172]

[0173] The optical lens of Example 6 has an MTF value exceeding 0.68 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm. At the edge field of view, the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane is 13.446 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 6 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0174] Example 7

[0175] The following is for reference Figure 7 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 7 of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different. Table 13 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 7.

[0176] Table 13 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 7

[0177]

[0178] In Example 7, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 14 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 7.

[0179] Table 14 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 7

[0180]

[0181] The optical lens of Example 7 has an MTF value exceeding 0.67 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 11.820 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 7 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0182] Example 8

[0183] The following is for reference Figure 8 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 8 of this application. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; and the first side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 has at least one inflection point. Table 15 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 8.

[0184] Table 15 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 8

[0185]

[0186] In Example 8, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 16 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 8.

[0187] Table 16 Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 8

[0188]

[0189] The optical lens of Example 8 has an MTF value exceeding 0.66 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 11.327 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 8 provides high image sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0190] Example 9

[0191] The following is for reference Figure 9 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 9 of this application. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the optical lens of Embodiment 9 does not have a curvature point. Table 17 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 9.

[0192] Table 17 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 9

[0193]

[0194] In Example 9, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 18 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 9.

[0195] Table 18 Parameters of each aspherical surface in Example 9

[0196]

[0197] The optical lens of Example 9 has an MTF value exceeding 0.65 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 11.143 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 9 provides high image sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0198] Example 10

[0199] The following is for reference Figure 10 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 10 of this application. For example... Figure 10As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave and the second side surface S4 is convex; and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 has at least one inflection point. Table 19 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 10.

[0200] Table 19 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 10

[0201]

[0202] In Example 10, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 20 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 10.

[0203] Table 20 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 10

[0204]

[0205] from Figure 18 As can be seen, the optical lens of Example 10 has an MTF value of over 0.83 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm. Figure 18 In the middle, the meridian curve and the sagittal curve at 0.00 (degrees) coincide. Figure 20 The diagram illustrates the light spots produced by light of various wavelengths on the image plane IMA in different fields of view of the optical lens of Embodiment 10, and shows the RMS values ​​corresponding to the eight fields of view (field 1-field 8) of the optical lens of Embodiment 10. In the diagram, blue, green, and red correspond to light wavelengths of 0.92 μm, 0.94 μm, and 0.96 μm, respectively. Specifically, the diagram corresponding to field 1 represents the image light spots produced by light wavelengths of 0.92 μm, 0.94 μm, and 0.96 μm on the image plane IMA within a field of view of 0.00 degrees (the same applies to fields of view 2-field 8). Therefore, from... Figure 20 As can be seen, the optical lens of Example 10 has an RMS value of 8.231 micrometers on the image plane IMA at the edge field of view (i.e., field of view 8). Therefore, the optical lens of Example 10 produces images with high clarity and relatively concentrated energy.

[0206] Example 11

[0207] The following is for reference Figure 11 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 11 of this application. For example... Figure 11As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave and the second side surface S4 is convex; the second side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 has at least one inflection point. Table 21 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 11.

[0208] Table 21 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 11

[0209]

[0210] In Example 11, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 22 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 11.

[0211] Table 22 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 11

[0212]

[0213] The optical lens of Example 11 has an MTF value exceeding 0.81 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 8.619 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 11 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0214] Example 12

[0215] The following is for reference Figure 12 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 12 of this application. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 have at least one inflection point. Table 23 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of Embodiment 12.

[0216] Table 23 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 12

[0217]

[0218] In Example 12, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 24 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 12.

[0219] Table 24 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 12

[0220]

[0221] The optical lens of Example 12 has an FNO of 1.0955 and a TTL of 22.825. The MTF value of the optical lens of Example 12 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm exceeds 0.46, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 17.349 micrometers. Therefore, this optical lens achieves both low FNO and low TTL while maintaining high image quality.

[0222] Example 13

[0223] The following is for reference Figure 13 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 13 of this application. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; and the first side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is convex. Table 25 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 13.

[0224] Table 25 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 13

[0225]

[0226] In Example 13, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 26 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 13.

[0227] Table 26 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 13

[0228]

[0229] The optical lens of Example 13 has an MTF value exceeding 0.65 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 13.165 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 13 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0230] Example 14

[0231] The following is for reference Figure 14 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 14 of this application. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave; the first side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is convex; and the first side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 has at least one inflection point. Table 27 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of Embodiment 14.

[0232] Table 27 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 14

[0233]

[0234] In Example 14, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 28 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 14.

[0235] Table 28 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 14

[0236]

[0237] The optical lens of Example 14 has an MTF value exceeding 0.65 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 11.285 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 14 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0238] Example 15

[0239] The following is for reference Figure 15 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 15 of this application. For example... Figure 15As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave; the first side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is convex; the first side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave; and the optical lens of Embodiment 15 does not have a curvature point. Table 29 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of Embodiment 15.

[0240] Table 29 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 15

[0241]

[0242] In Example 15, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 30 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 15.

[0243] Table 30 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 15

[0244]

[0245] The optical lens of Example 15 has an MTF value exceeding 0.50 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 10.848 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 15 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0246] Example 16

[0247] The following is for reference Figure 16 Describes an optical lens according to Embodiment 16 of this application. For example... Figure 16 As shown, the main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave, and the second side surface S4 is convex; the first side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is convex; the second side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is concave; and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, the first side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5, and the second side surface S10 have at least one inflection point. Table 31 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of Embodiment 16.

[0248] Table 31 Basic parameters of the optical lens in Example 16

[0249]

[0250] In Example 16, the first side surface S3 and the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and the first side surface S9 and the second side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 32 gives the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical surface in Example 16.

[0251] Table 32 Parameter table of each aspherical surface in Example 16

[0252]

[0253] The optical lens of Example 16 has an MTF value exceeding 0.45 at a spatial frequency of 17.0 lp / mm, and the RMS value of the light spot on the image plane at the edge field of view is 10.344 micrometers. Therefore, the optical lens of Example 16 produces images with high sharpness and relatively concentrated energy.

[0254] Tables 33-1 and 33-2 provide the basic parameters of the optical lenses in Examples 1-16, such as F, FNO, ENPD, TTL, FOV, θ, H, D, BFL, DST, DMAX, CT1, CT2, CT3, T34, CT4, T45, and CT5.

[0255] Table 33-1 Basic parameters of the optical lenses in Examples 1-8

[0256]

[0257] Table 33-2 Basic parameters of the optical lenses in Examples 9-16

[0258]

[0259] In summary, the conditional expressions of each embodiment in Examples 1-16 satisfy the relationships shown in Tables 34-1 and 34-2.

[0260] Table 34-1 Conditional Parameter Table in Examples 1-8

[0261]

[0262] Table 34-2 Conditional Parameter Table in Examples 9-16

[0263]

[0264] This application also provides an electronic device, including a first device and / or a second device. The first device may be, for example, a lidar transmitter, and the second device may be, for example, a lidar receiver. The first device may include the optical lens and light source as described in the exemplary embodiments above. The light source is located on the second side of the optical lens, and the light emitted by the light source is projected onto the first side of the optical lens after passing through the optical lens, forming an image or illuminating an area on the first side. The second device may include the optical lens as described in the exemplary embodiments above and an imaging element for converting the optical image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal. The imaging element is disposed on the second side of the optical lens (e.g., disposed on the imaging surface), and the imaging element may be, for example, a photocoupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device (CMOS). The light from the first side is imaged on the second side after passing through the optical lens.

[0265] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, Along the optical axis, from the first side to the second side, the following are included in sequence: A first lens with negative optical power has a first side surface that is convex and a second side surface that is concave. A second lens with negative optical power; A third lens with positive optical power; A fourth lens with positive optical power; A fifth lens with positive optical power; The optical lens has five lenses with optical power. The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: Where F1 is the focal length of the first lens and F2 is the focal length of the second lens.

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first side surface of the second lens is convex, and the second side surface is concave; or... The first side surface of the second lens is concave, and the second side surface is convex; or... The first side surface of the second lens is concave, and the second side surface is concave. The third lens has a concave first side and a convex second side; or... The first side surface of the third lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex. The first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex; or... The first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface is concave; or... The first side of the fourth lens is concave, and the second side is convex. The first side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex; or... The first side surface of the fifth lens is concave, and the second side surface is convex; or... The first side of the fifth lens is convex, and the second side is concave.

3. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,or ; Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the entire optical lens group, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, DMAX is the maximum value among the maximum apertures of each lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, D is the maximum aperture of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, BFL is the optical back focal length of the optical lens, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, and DST is the maximum aperture of the aperture stop corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens.

4. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , or ; Wherein, F is the total focal length of the optical lens, and R1 is the center radius of curvature of the first side surface of the first lens.

5. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , or ; Wherein, F is the total focal length of the optical lens, R3 is the central radius of curvature of the first side of the second lens, and R4 is the central radius of curvature of the second side of the second lens.

6. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: or ; Wherein, F3 is the focal length of the third lens, F is the total focal length of the optical lens, R5 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the third lens, and R6 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the third lens.

7. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The focal length F4 of the fourth lens satisfies the following condition with the total focal length F of the optical lens: .

8. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , , or ; Wherein, F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens, F is the total focal length of the optical lens, R9 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the fifth lens, and R10 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the fifth lens.

9. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness CT5 of the fifth lens on the optical axis satisfy the following with the total optical length TTL of the optical lens: .

10. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The focal length F4 of the fourth lens and the focal length F5 of the fifth lens satisfy the following: .

11. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The focal length F2 of the second lens and the focal length F5 of the fifth lens satisfy the following: .

12. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The central radius of curvature R5 of the first side surface of the third lens and the focal length F3 of the third lens satisfy the following: .

13. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The air gap T45 on the optical axis between the fourth lens and the fifth lens of the optical lens satisfies the following condition: .

14. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The air gap T34 on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens of the optical lens and the air gap T45 on the optical axis between the fourth lens and the fifth lens of the optical lens satisfy the following: .

15. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The second lens is made of plastic and / or the fifth lens is made of plastic.

16. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , or ; Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the entire optical lens group, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, DMAX is the maximum value among the maximum apertures of each lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, D is the maximum aperture of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, BFL is the optical back focal length of the optical lens, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, DST is the maximum aperture of the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F3 is the focal length of the third lens, F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens, CT1 is the center thickness of the first lens on the optical axis, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens, and CT3 is the focal length of the third lens. The center thickness of the lens on the optical axis, CT3 is the center thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, CT4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens on the optical axis, CT5 is the center thickness of the fifth lens on the optical axis, R1 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the first lens, R3 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the second lens, R4 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the second lens, R5 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the third lens, R6 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the third lens, R9 is the center radius of curvature of the first side of the fifth lens, R10 is the center radius of curvature of the second side of the fifth lens, T34 is the air gap on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens of the optical lens, and T45 is the air gap on the optical axis between the fourth lens and the fifth lens of the optical lens.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 16; as well as At least one of an imaging element and a light source; The imaging element is used to convert the optical image or optical information formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal; The light source is located on the second side of the optical lens. The light emitted by the light source is projected onto the first side of the optical lens after passing through the optical lens, and forms an image or illuminated area on the first side of the optical lens.

Images