Smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles and relates to the technical field of smoke sensors.The smoke sensor structure comprises a shell and a PCB plate on which an induction module is installed.The shell is provided with an end cover for fixing the PCB plate.A grid groove one is formed in the side wall of the shell and is in communication with the interior of the shell.The end cover is provided with a fixing column on the side facing the PCB plate.A fixing hole corresponding to the fixing column is formed in the center of the PCB plate.A communication hole is formed in the fixing column and is in communication with the interior of the shell.A grid groove two is formed in the side wall of the end cover and is in communication with the communication hole.The shell is provided with a line interface for connecting the PCB plate.The grid groove one and the grid groove two of the end cover form a through smoke circulation channel through the communication hole.The grid structure preliminarily blocks large-particle impurities, reduces the pollution of the induction module, ensures that the external smoke can efficiently enter the interior of the shell and contact the induction module, ensures the airflow circulation, and enables the smoke alarm to rapidly respond when a fire breaks out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smoke sensor technology, and in particular to the structure of smoke sensors for new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth in global sales of new energy vehicles, the safety risks of thermal runaway in power batteries are becoming increasingly prominent. While ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries have improved energy density, they also burn rapidly and at high temperatures during thermal runaway, making traditional fire extinguishing methods ineffective. Power battery packs need to issue an alarm signal 5 minutes before thermal runaway leads to danger in the passenger compartment. As a key early warning component, the reliability of the smoke sensor's housing, PCB board, end cap connection structure, and port structure directly affects the accuracy and stability of early warning of thermal runaway.

[0003] In existing smoke sensor structures for new energy vehicles, the sensor housing is mostly rectangular and is fixed to the vehicle body by screws. Ventilation holes are opened on the surface of the housing to allow smoke to enter the sensor detection chamber. The smoke sensor is connected to the vehicle control system via wires.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that the smoke sensor has ventilation holes on the surface of the housing, which restricts the path of smoke entry, resulting in insufficient gas flow and delaying the early warning response to a fire. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles, in order to improve the problem that opening ventilation holes on the surface of the smoke sensor restricts the entry path of smoke, resulting in insufficient gas flow and delaying the early warning response to fires.

[0006] The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles includes a housing and a PCB board for mounting a sensing module. The housing has an end cap for fixing the PCB board. The side wall of the housing has a grid groove that communicates with the interior of the housing. The end cap has a fixing post facing the PCB board. The PCB board has a fixing hole at its center corresponding to the fixing post. The fixing post has a connecting hole that communicates with the interior of the housing. The side wall of the end cap has a grid groove that communicates with the connecting hole. One end of the housing has a line interface for connecting to the PCB board.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the PCB board of the smoke sensor is fixed through the combination structure of the housing and the end cap. The fixing post passes through the fixing hole of the PCB board to position the PCB board and avoid displacement caused by vehicle vibration. The first grid groove and the second grid groove of the end cap form a through smoke flow channel through the connecting hole. The grid structure initially blocks large particulate impurities, reduces the contamination of the sensing module, and ensures that external smoke can efficiently enter the housing and contact the sensing module, ensuring airflow and enabling the smoke alarm to respond quickly when a fire occurs.

[0009] Optionally, the inner wall of the housing is provided with a mounting slot corresponding to the sensing module, the end of the PCB board facing the line interface is provided with line pins, and one end of the housing is provided with a connector corresponding to the inner wall of the line interface and connected to the line pins, and the connector is connected to a wire.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting groove on the inner sidewall of the housing provides positioning space for the sensing module, restricts the displacement of the sensing module, and connects the wire connector to the line interface position and the line pin of the PCB board, optimizing the signal transmission path, reducing the possibility of signal attenuation or interference, ensuring that the smoke detection signal can be quickly and accurately transmitted to the vehicle control system, and improving the sensor's response speed and data reliability.

[0011] Optionally, the PCB board has positioning holes around its perimeter, and the housing has threaded holes corresponding to the positioning holes. The PCB board is fixed in the positioning holes and threaded holes by mounting screws.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning holes around the PCB board and the threaded holes inside the housing are connected by fixing screws to prevent the PCB board from loosening or falling off. The screw thread connection facilitates the later inspection and replacement of the PCB board or its components.

[0013] Optionally, the end cap has snap-fit ​​plates extending toward the housing on both sides, and the inner wall of the housing has snap-fit ​​grooves corresponding to the snap-fit ​​plates.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the snap-fit ​​plate of the end cap and the snap-fit ​​groove of the housing form a snap-fit ​​connection structure, which facilitates the quick assembly and disassembly of the end cap and the housing.

[0015] Optionally, the housing has a limiting groove corresponding to the end cover on the side facing the end cover, and the end cover is flush with the side wall of the housing.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting groove of the housing forms a precise circumferential positioning for the end cap, ensuring that the end cap will not shift during installation, guaranteeing the relative positional accuracy between the end cap and the housing, and thus ensuring the accurate alignment of the grid groove two and the connecting hole, preventing obstruction of the smoke flow channel. The end cap is flush with the side wall of the housing to avoid interference between protruding parts and other components.

[0017] Optionally, a fixing plate is provided on one side of the housing, which extends into the side wall of the housing, and the fixing plate has mounting holes for fixing the housing.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the smoke sensor is fixed by fasteners such as bolts through the mounting holes on the extended mounting plate of the housing. This can effectively suppress the vibration or displacement of the sensor as a whole during vehicle operation, ensure that the sensing module is always in a stable detection posture, and reduce detection errors caused by sensor shaking.

[0019] Optionally, the connecting hole and the grid groove are on the same axis, and the grid groove is also opened on the side wall of the housing away from the fixed plate and connected to the inside of the housing.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the coaxial design of the connecting hole and the first grid slot allows smoke to enter from the first grid slot and pass through the connecting hole in a straight line to the second grid slot, forming a smooth flow path. This reduces the resistance and residence time of the smoke during transmission, improves the efficiency of the smoke reaching the sensing module, and thus improves the detection sensitivity and response speed of the sensor. The first grid slot is located on the side away from the fixed plate, which can avoid the fixed plate blocking the smoke entry path and ensure that external smoke can smoothly enter the housing.

[0021] Optionally, the end cap sidewall has a groove corresponding to the buckle plate, and the inner sidewall of the limiting groove has a protrusion corresponding to the groove.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the groove on the side wall of the end cap and the protrusion on the inner side wall of the limiting groove form a matching structure. When the end cap is engaged with the housing through the snap plate, the protrusion is embedded in the groove, further restricting the displacement of the end cap in the horizontal direction and enhancing the overall firmness of the connection between the end cap and the housing.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. The grid slot one and the grid slot two of the end cover form a through smoke flow channel through the connecting hole. The grid structure initially blocks large particulate impurities, reduces the contamination of the sensing module, and ensures that external smoke can efficiently enter the housing and contact the sensing module, ensuring airflow and enabling the smoke alarm to respond quickly when a fire occurs.

[0025] 2. The connector is inserted into the line interface and connected to the line pins on the PCB board, optimizing the signal transmission path, reducing the possibility of signal attenuation or interference, ensuring that the smoke detection signal can be transmitted to the vehicle control system quickly and accurately, and improving the sensor's response speed and data reliability.

[0026] 3. The coaxial design of the connecting hole and the first grid slot allows smoke to enter from the first grid slot and travel in a straight line through the connecting hole to the second grid slot, forming a bend-free flow path. This reduces the resistance and residence time of the smoke during transmission, improves the efficiency of the smoke reaching the sensing module, and thus enhances the sensor's detection sensitivity and response speed. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of a smoke sensor used in new energy vehicles;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of a smoke sensor used in new energy vehicles.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the structure of a smoke sensor used in new energy vehicles.

[0030] In the diagram, 1. Housing; 11. Grid slot one; 12. Line interface; 13. Mounting slot; 14. Threaded hole; 15. Engaging slot; 16. Limiting slot; 17. Fixing plate; 18. Mounting hole; 19. Protrusion; 2. PCB board; 21. Fixing hole; 22. Line pin; 23. Positioning hole; 3. End cap; 31. Fixing post; 32. Connecting hole; 33. Grid slot two; 34. Snap plate; 35. Groove; 4. Wiring head. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0032] The structure of a smoke sensor for new energy vehicles is referenced. Figure 1 and Figure 2The device includes a housing 1 and a PCB board 2 for mounting the sensing module. An end cap 3 is installed on one side of the housing 1 to fix the PCB board 2. The housing 1 and the end cap 3 are made of PBT+glass fiber material, which meets the requirements of mechanical impact strength, wide temperature range for vehicles, 94V-0 flame retardancy, and RoHS environmental protection. A grid groove 11 communicating with the interior of the housing 1 is opened on the side wall of the housing 1. An integrally formed fixing post 31 is set on the side of the end cap 3 facing the PCB board 2. A fixing hole 21 corresponding to the fixing post 31 is opened in the center of the PCB board 2. A connecting hole 32 communicating with the interior of the housing 1 is opened in the fixing post 31. A grid groove 33 communicating with the connecting hole 32 is opened on the side wall of the end cap 3 at the position of the connecting hole 32. External smoke can enter the interior of the housing 1 and come into contact with the sensing module, ensuring airflow and enabling the smoke alarm to respond quickly when a fire occurs. The inner and outer surfaces of the housing 1 and the end cap 3 are treated with black matte finish to reduce light reflection interference.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A line interface 12 for connecting to a PCB board 2 is provided at one end of the housing 1; a mounting slot 13 corresponding to the sensing module is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 1; a line pin 22 is soldered to the end of the PCB board 2 facing the line interface 12; a connector 4 is installed at one end of the housing 1 and is inserted into the line interface 12 and connected to the line pin 22. The connector 4 is connected to the wire, and the smoke detection signal can be quickly and accurately transmitted to the vehicle control system. A fixing plate 17 is provided on one side of the housing 1 and extends against the side wall of the housing 1. The fixing plate 17 has mounting holes 18 for fixing the housing 1. The smoke sensor is fixed in the vehicle body by fasteners such as bolts passing through the mounting holes 18.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3Positioning holes 23 are made around the perimeter of the PCB board 2, and threaded holes 14 corresponding to the positioning holes 23 are made inside the housing 1. Screws are used to fix the PCB board 2 in the positioning holes 23 and threaded holes 14 to prevent the PCB board from being damaged. The plate is loose or falls off; an integrally formed buckle plate 34 is provided on both sides of the end cap 3 extending towards the housing 1. A corresponding snap-fit ​​groove 15 is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 1 to fasten and fix the end cap 3 to the housing 1. A groove 35 corresponding to the buckle plate 34 is provided on the side wall of the end cap 3. A protrusion 19 corresponding to the groove 35 is provided on the inner side wall of the limiting groove 16. The protrusion 19 is embedded in the groove 35 to further limit the horizontal displacement of the end cap 3. A limiting groove 16 corresponding to the end cap 3 is provided on the side of the housing 1 facing the end cap 3. The end cap 3 is flush with the side wall of the housing 1. The connecting hole 32 and the grid groove 11 are on the same axis, so that after the smoke enters from the grid groove 11, it can pass through the connecting hole 32 in a straight line to the grid groove 2 33. The grid groove 11 is also opened on the side wall of the housing 1 away from the fixing plate 17 and is connected to the inside of the housing 1 to improve the detection sensitivity and response speed of the sensor.

[0035] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows:

[0036] Install PCB board 2 inside housing 1, fixing the sensing module on PCB board 2 in the mounting slot 13 of housing 1. Fasten end cap 3 to housing 1 to fix PCB board 2. Fixing post 31 on end cap 3 matches fixing hole 21 on PCB board 2. Fix housing 1 in vehicle body. Then insert connector 4 into line interface 12 of housing 1 and connect it to line pin 22 on PCB board 2, so that sensing module on PCB board 2 is connected to power supply and vehicle control system. Through grid slot 11 on housing 1 and grid slot 33 on end cap 3, ensure that external smoke can efficiently enter the interior of housing 1 and contact sensing module, ensure airflow, and enable smoke alarm to respond quickly in case of fire.

[0037] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1) and a PCB board (2) for mounting a sensing module. The housing (1) is provided with an end cap (3) for fixing the PCB board (2). The side wall of the housing (1) is provided with a grid groove (11) that communicates with the interior of the housing (1). The end cap (3) is provided with a fixing post (31) facing the PCB board (2). The center of the PCB board (2) is provided with a fixing hole (21) corresponding to the fixing post (31). The fixing post (31) is provided with a connecting hole (32) that communicates with the interior of the housing (1). The side wall of the end cap (3) is provided with a grid groove (33) that communicates with the connecting hole (32). One end of the housing (1) is provided with a line interface (12) for connecting the PCB board (2).

2. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with a mounting slot (13) corresponding to the sensing module. The PCB board (2) is provided with a line pin (22) at one end facing the line interface (12). The housing (1) is provided with a connector (4) corresponding to the inner wall of the line interface (12) and connected to the line pin (22). The connector (4) is connected to the wire.

3. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The PCB board (2) has positioning holes (23) around its perimeter, and the housing (1) has threaded holes (14) corresponding to the positioning holes (23). The PCB board (2) is fixed in the positioning holes (23) and threaded holes (14) by mounting screws.

4. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end cap (3) has buckle plates (34) extending toward the housing (1) on both sides, and the inner wall of the housing (1) has a snap-fit ​​groove (15) corresponding to the buckle plate (34).

5. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing (1) has a limiting groove (16) corresponding to the end cover (3) on the side facing the end cover (3), and the end cover (3) is flush with the side wall of the housing (1).

6. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing plate (17) is provided on one side of the housing (1) and extends into the side wall of the housing (1). The fixing plate (17) has mounting holes (18) for fixing the housing (1).

7. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting hole (32) and the grid groove (11) are on the same axis. The grid groove (11) is also opened on the side wall of the housing (1) away from the fixing plate (17) and is connected to the inside of the housing (1).

8. The smoke sensor structure for new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end cap (3) has a groove (35) on its side wall that corresponds to the buckle plate (34), and the inner side wall of the limiting groove (16) has a protrusion (19) that corresponds to the groove (35).

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