An apparatus for physical hardening of a variety of glassware

Abstract

This utility model relates to a device for the physical hardening of various glasswares, belonging to the field of glassware heat treatment technology. It includes a pre-feeding conveyor belt, a heat treatment furnace, a customized air-cooling device, a natural air-cooling device, and a finished product area conveyor belt. The heat treatment furnace has a heating area conveyor belt inside, and the customized air-cooling device and the natural air-cooling device each have conveyor belt A and conveyor belt B respectively. The pre-feeding conveyor belt, the heating area conveyor belt, conveyor belt A, and conveyor belt B are connected sequentially. The air-cooling device uses different shaped air-cooling molds for glasswares of different shapes, eliminating the need for manual transfer trays between the furnace and the air-cooling unit. Only a tray needs to be placed at the front of the production line, and the finished product is removed and packaged at the end. This saves time spent manually handling trays and placing them in the air-cooling unit, and fixes the heat treatment and air-cooling times for each process, ensuring processing stability and improving the yield rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a device for the physical hardening of various glasswares, belonging to the field of glassware heat treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of glass, there are increasingly higher requirements for the strength and impact resistance of glassware. However, due to the inherent fragility and uneven stress of glass, glassware is easily broken during use due to bumps, drops, or external impacts. This not only affects its use but also poses a danger to the human body from broken glass shards, causing cuts or foot injuries during cleaning. Therefore, enhancing the strength and toughness of glassware and reducing its fragility is the future direction of glass manufacturing. The most common way to achieve this is through hardening treatment of the glass.

[0003] Glass hardening is divided into physical hardening and chemical hardening. Physical hardening modifies the internal stress properties of glass through heat treatment processes. After hardening, a compressive stress layer forms on the surface of the glass, and it has a special fragmentation pattern. When hardened glass is subjected to external forces, this compressive stress layer can offset some of the tensile stress, thus preventing the glass from breaking. Although the hardened glass is under a large tensile stress state inside, there are no defects inside the glass, so it will not be damaged, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the strength of the glass. Chemical hardening is a method of changing the internal chemical composition of glass through methods such as ion exchange to achieve the purpose of hardening.

[0004] Traditional physical hardening production lines are mostly used for flat glass sheets. They require manual placement of the glass into a heating furnace for heat treatment, followed by manual clamping of the tray into a high-pressure air-cooling system. This process is inefficient, and the placement of the glassware can lead to uneven heat treatment and cooling of different glassware. For example, Chinese patent document CN116924666B discloses a special glass heat treatment processing equipment. This equipment is equipped with a blower that generates a high-pressure airflow to spray dry ice inside a dry freezer into a condenser box with the help of a spray pipe. The special glass is cooled through multiple sets of spray cooling holes. The spray cooling holes are in fixed positions, and the same spray position is applied to different shaped glass, resulting in uneven cooling and causing the glass to deform or crack. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device for the physical hardening of various glasswares. It connects a heat treatment furnace and an air-cooling device via a conveyor belt, creating a new automated feeding and air-cooling production line. The air-cooling device uses different shaped air-cooling molds for glasswares of different shapes, eliminating the need for manual handover between the furnace and the air-cooling unit. Workers only need to place the tray at the front of the production line and remove and package the finished product at the end, saving time spent manually handling the tray and placing it in the air-cooling unit. Furthermore, it fixes the time for each heat treatment and air-cooling cycle, ensuring processing stability and improving yield. The heat treatment time of the glassware in the furnace can be controlled by controlling the furnace door opening interval and the conveyor belt speed via a servo control system.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] An apparatus for physical hardening processing of various glasswares includes a pre-feeding conveyor belt, a heat treatment furnace, a custom air cooling device, a natural air cooling device, and a finished product area conveyor belt. The heat treatment furnace is equipped with a heating area conveyor belt, and the custom air cooling device and the natural air cooling device are respectively equipped with conveyor belt A and conveyor belt B.

[0008] The front waiting conveyor belt, the heating zone conveyor belt, conveyor belt A, and conveyor belt B are connected in sequence.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment heating furnace is a commercially available device, and the interior of the heat treatment heating furnace is lined with heat-insulating rock wool, and electric heating wires are embedded in the heat-insulating rock wool to provide heat.

[0010] The heating zone conveyor belt includes a drive motor, which controls the speed at which the heating zone conveyor belt moves outward by controlling the rotation speed, thereby controlling the time the vessel spends in the heat treatment furnace to ensure the required heating time for different vessels.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the customized air-cooling device includes a rectangular support, an upper hollow ventilation box, an inner mold connecting hose, an inner mold, an outer mold, an upper template, a lower template, a guide optical shaft, an upper mold cylinder, a lower mold cylinder, and a lower hollow ventilation box.

[0012] The upper template has multiple inner molds inside, and each inner mold is connected to the upper hollow ventilation box through an inner mold connecting hose. The upper hollow ventilation box is connected to an upper exhaust fan through a ventilation pipe on one side.

[0013] Upper mold cylinders are connected to both sides of the upper mold plate. The upper mold cylinders are fitted with rectangular brackets. The lower side of the upper mold cylinders is fixed to the lower side of the upper mold plate. Conveyor belt A is set on the lower side of the upper mold plate. A limit switch is set on one side of conveyor belt A. Lower mold plate is set on the lower side of conveyor belt A.

[0014] A rectangular support is provided around the lower template, and a lower mold cylinder is provided on both sides of the lower template. The upper side of the lower mold cylinder is fixed to the lower side of the lower template. Guide optical shafts are provided at the four corners of the upper and lower templates. The guide optical shafts support the upper template, conveyor belt A and the lower template. The upper and lower templates move up and down through the upper mold cylinder, the lower mold cylinder and the guide optical shafts to realize the mold opening and closing function.

[0015] The lower template has multiple outer molds inside, and a lower hollow ventilation box is set on the lower side of the lower template. The lower template and the lower hollow ventilation box are connected by welding. A lower exhaust fan is connected to the lower side of the lower hollow ventilation box through a ventilation pipe.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner mold and the outer mold are positioned vertically opposite each other. The upper side of the inner mold is a hollow cylinder, and the lower side of the inner mold is a hollow cone, with multiple ventilation holes provided on the cone.

[0017] The upper side of the outer mold has a hollow cone with multiple ventilation holes, and the lower side of the outer mold is a hollow cylinder. The fan blows air onto the inside and outside of the container simultaneously through the mold to achieve uniform air cooling.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the customized air-cooling device is equipped with a through-beam induction switch. When the tray is transferred from the heat treatment furnace to the customized air-cooling device, the through-beam induction switch is triggered. The conveyor belt motor in the customized air-cooling device receives the signal from the through-beam induction switch and controls the rotation of conveyor belt A.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the natural air cooling device includes a conveyor belt B, a hollow ventilation box, a fan, a rubber rod with air holes, a pulley, a pulley track, a reciprocating rocker arm, and a reciprocating motor. The hollow ventilation box includes an upper box and a lower box.

[0020] An upper box is provided on the upper side of conveyor belt B, and a lower box is provided on the lower side of conveyor belt B. The lower side of the upper box and the upper side of the lower box are respectively connected to evenly distributed rubber rods with air holes. Two support columns are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper box, and the lower box is connected to the upper box through the support columns.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pulley is welded to the upper side of the lower box, the pulley is connected to a pulley track, the pulley track is fixed to the lower side of the conveyor belt B, a reciprocating rocker is provided on one side of the lower box, the reciprocating rocker is connected to a reciprocating motor, and the reciprocating motor drives the upper box and the lower box to reciprocate in the horizontal direction.

[0022] The upper and lower housings are each equipped with two ventilation openings, which are connected to the fan ventilation openings via a five-way connector.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveyor belt B of the natural air cooling device is connected to the finished product area conveyor belt, where workers wait to remove the cooled containers from the finished product area conveyor belt and pack the finished products.

[0024] In practical applications, glassware is placed on a tray and conveyed to a heat treatment furnace via a pre-feeding conveyor belt. After heating, the glassware is conveyed to a customized air-cooling device, triggering a photoelectric sensor switch and sending a motor drive signal. After the tray triggers the sensor switch, conveyor belt A of the customized air-cooling device continues to rotate for a certain period until the glassware on the tray roughly aligns with the inner and outer molds in the area. Conveyor belt A then stops rotating, and the inner and outer molds move closer to the tray. At this point, the inner mold enters the glassware's inner cavity, and the outer mold wraps around the outer wall of the glassware, fitting the outer surface. A blower then provides uniform air cooling to the entire surface of the glassware, completing the hardening process. The inner and outer molds can be changed according to the shape of the glassware to achieve uniform air cooling of both the inner and outer walls. After hardening, the glassware is conveyed to a natural air-cooling device via conveyor belt A. The natural air-cooling device uses a fan to remove residual heat from the glassware after passing through the customized air-cooling device. Finally, the glassware is conveyed to the finished product area conveyor belt via conveyor belt B, where it is removed from the heat treatment area.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] 1. This utility model provides a device for the physical hardening of various glasswares. By placing glasswares of different styles and sizes in different specific trays, heating and hardening them in a heating furnace, and connecting them with the conveyor belt of the air-cooling equipment, the entire process from heating to air-cooling can be automated, saving processing time and improving processing efficiency.

[0027] 2. This utility model provides a device for the physical hardening of various glasswares, which improves the hardening quality of the products through zoned cooling. The high-pressure air outlet of the customized air-cooling section uses a mold that matches the product to achieve uniform air cooling of specific products. The natural air cooling device removes residual heat from the product by uniformly blowing air within the area, improving the yield and quality of the finished product, while also meeting the needs of mass production of products with different shapes.

[0028] 3. Connect the heating furnace to the air-cooling device and set up two air-cooling processes. Use different molds in the air-cooling device so that the air-cooling device can cool the vessel evenly according to its shape, which greatly improves work efficiency. Multiple products can be processed in batches by changing the molds, and the heat treatment quality is greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the left side of the three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of this utility model from the right side.

[0031] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the customized air-cooling device of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the customized air-cooling device and the fan of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the natural air cooling device of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the hollow ventilation box and the fan in the natural air cooling device of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the customized air-cooling device of this utility model cooling the workpiece;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the inner mold structure of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outer mold structure of this utility model;

[0038] The components include: 1. Pre-feeding conveyor belt; 2. Heat treatment furnace; 3. Heating zone conveyor belt; 4. Customized air-cooling device; 5. Natural air-cooling device; 6. Finished product zone conveyor belt.

[0039] 401. Upper mold cylinder; 402. Inner mold; 403. Machined part; 404. Material tray; 405. Limit switch; 406. Conveyor belt A; 407. Upper hollow ventilation box; 408. Inner mold connecting hose; 409. Upper template; 410. Guide shaft; 411. Outer mold; 412. Lower template; 413. Lower hollow ventilation box; 414. Lower mold cylinder; 415. Linking chain; 416. Upper exhaust fan; 417. Lower exhaust fan; 418. Conducting chain; 419. Conveyor belt motor; 420. Rectangular bracket;

[0040] 501. Upper housing; 502. Rubber rod with vents; 503. Pulley; 504. Photoelectric limit switch; 505. Pulley track; 506. Lower housing; 507. Reciprocating rocker arm; 508. Reciprocating motor; 509. Conveyor belt B; 510. Conveyor belt drive motor; 511. Fan. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides an apparatus for physical hardening processing of various glasswares, including a pre-feeding conveyor belt 1, a heat treatment furnace 2, a customized air cooling device 4, a natural air cooling device 5, and a finished product area conveyor belt 6. The heat treatment furnace 2 is equipped with a heating area conveyor belt 3, and the customized air cooling device 4 and the natural air cooling device 5 are respectively equipped with conveyor belt A406 and conveyor belt B509.

[0044] The front waiting conveyor belt 1, the heating zone conveyor belt 3, the conveyor belt A of the customized air cooling device 4, and the conveyor belt B509 of the natural air cooling device 5 are connected in sequence. Workers place pre-processed pallets on the front waiting conveyor belt.

[0045] The heat treatment furnace is a commercially available piece of equipment with an electric power of 4.5kW and dimensions of 10m*1.3m*0.7m (length*width*height). The furnace is lined with insulating rock wool, and heating wires are embedded in the rock wool to provide heat, which is the main source of heat energy for heat treatment. This heat treatment process hardens the glassware.

[0046] The heating zone conveyor belt 3 includes a drive motor. The drive motor controls the speed at which the heating zone conveyor belt 3 is conveyed outward by controlling the rotation speed, thereby controlling the time that the vessels spend in the heat treatment furnace to ensure the required heating time for different vessels.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] An apparatus for the physical hardening process of various glasswares, with the structure described in Example 1, differing in that, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the customized air-cooling device 4 includes a rectangular bracket 420, an upper hollow ventilation box 407, an inner mold connecting hose 408, an inner mold 402, an outer mold 411, an upper template 409, a lower template 412, a guide optical axis 410, an upper mold cylinder 401, a lower mold cylinder 414, and a lower hollow ventilation box 413.

[0049] The upper template 409 has multiple inner molds 402 inside. Each inner mold 402 is connected to an upper hollow ventilation box 407 through an inner mold connecting hose 408. An upper exhaust fan 416 is connected to one side of the upper hollow ventilation box 407 through a ventilation pipe.

[0050] Upper mold plate 409 is connected to upper mold cylinders 401 on both sides. Upper mold cylinders 401 are fitted with rectangular brackets 420. The lower side of upper mold cylinders 401 is fixed to the lower side of upper mold plate 409. A conveyor belt A406 is provided on the lower side of upper mold plate 409. A limit switch 405 is provided on one side of conveyor belt A406. Lower mold plate 412 is provided on the lower side of conveyor belt A406.

[0051] A rectangular support 420 is provided around the lower template 412, and a lower mold cylinder 414 is provided on both sides of the lower template 412. The upper side of the lower mold cylinder 414 is fixed to the lower side of the lower template 412. Guide optical shafts 410 are provided at the four corners of the upper template 409 and the lower template 412. The guide optical shafts support the upper template 409, the conveyor belt A406 and the lower template 412. The upper template 409 and the lower template 412 move up and down through the upper mold cylinder 401, the lower mold cylinder 414 and the guide optical shafts 410 to realize the mold opening and closing function.

[0052] The lower template 412 is provided with multiple outer templates 411 inside. A lower hollow ventilation box 413 is provided on the lower side of the lower template 412. The lower template 412 and the lower hollow ventilation box 413 are connected by welding. A lower exhaust fan 417 is connected to the lower side of the lower hollow ventilation box 413 through a ventilation pipe.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, the inner mold 402 and the outer mold 411 are vertically aligned. The upper side of the inner mold 402 is a hollow cylinder, and the lower side of the inner mold is a hollow cone. The cone is provided with multiple ventilation holes.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, a hollow cone is provided inside the upper side of the outer mold 411, and multiple ventilation holes are provided on the cone. The lower side of the outer mold 411 is a hollow cylinder. The fan blows air onto the inside and outside of the container simultaneously through the mold to achieve uniform air cooling.

[0055] The customized air-cooling device 4 is equipped with a through-beam induction switch. When the tray is transferred from the heat treatment furnace 2 to the customized air-cooling device 4, the through-beam induction switch is triggered. The conveyor belt motor in the customized air-cooling device 4 receives the signal from the through-beam induction switch and controls the rotation of the conveyor belt A406.

[0056] Example 3:

[0057] An apparatus for the physical hardening process of various glasswares, with the structure described in Example 1, differing in that, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the natural air cooling device 5 includes a conveyor belt B509, a hollow ventilation box, a fan 511, a rubber rod with air holes 502, a pulley 503, a pulley track 505, a reciprocating rocker arm 507, and a reciprocating motor 508. The hollow ventilation box includes an upper box 501 and a lower box 506.

[0058] The upper box 501 is provided on the upper side of the conveyor belt B509, and the lower box 506 is provided on the lower side of the conveyor belt B509. The lower side of the upper box 501 and the upper side of the lower box 506 are respectively connected to evenly distributed rubber rods 502 with air holes. Two support columns are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the upper box 501 respectively, and the lower box 506 is connected to the upper box 501 through the support columns.

[0059] A pulley 503 is welded to the upper side of the lower housing 506. The pulley 503 is connected to a pulley track 505. The pulley track 505 fixes the lower side of the conveyor belt B509. A reciprocating rocker arm 507 is provided on the side of the lower housing 506. The reciprocating rocker arm 507 is connected to a reciprocating motor 508. The reciprocating motor 508 drives the upper housing 501 and the lower housing 506 to reciprocate horizontally.

[0060] The upper housing 501 and the lower housing 506 are each provided with two ventilation openings, which are connected to the fan ventilation openings through a five-way fitting;

[0061] The conveyor belt B509 of the natural air cooling device 5 is connected to the finished product area conveyor belt 6, where workers wait to remove the cooled containers from the finished product area conveyor belt and pack the finished products.

Claims

1. An apparatus for the physical hardening of various glasswares, characterized in that, It includes a pre-feeding conveyor belt, a heat treatment heating furnace, a customized air cooling device, a natural air cooling device, and a finished product area conveyor belt. The heat treatment heating furnace is equipped with a heating area conveyor belt, and the customized air cooling device and the natural air cooling device are equipped with conveyor belt A and conveyor belt B, respectively. The front waiting conveyor belt, the heating zone conveyor belt, conveyor belt A, and conveyor belt B are connected in sequence.

2. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat treatment furnace is a commercially available piece of equipment. The interior of the heat treatment furnace is lined with heat-insulating rock wool, and electric heating wires are embedded in the heat-insulating rock wool to provide heat. The heating zone conveyor belt includes a drive motor, which controls the speed at which the heating zone conveyor belt is transported outward by controlling the rotation speed, thereby controlling the time the dish spends in the heat treatment furnace.

3. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The customized air-cooling device includes a rectangular bracket, an upper hollow ventilation box, an inner mold connecting hose, an inner mold, an outer mold, an upper template, a lower template, a guide optical axis, an upper mold cylinder, a lower mold cylinder, and a lower hollow ventilation box; The upper template has multiple inner molds inside, and each inner mold is connected to the upper hollow ventilation box through an inner mold connecting hose. The upper hollow ventilation box is connected to an upper exhaust fan through a ventilation pipe on one side. Upper mold cylinders are connected to both sides of the upper mold plate. The upper mold cylinders are fitted with rectangular brackets. The lower side of the upper mold cylinders is fixed to the lower side of the upper mold plate. Conveyor belt A is set on the lower side of the upper mold plate. A limit switch is set on one side of conveyor belt A. Lower mold plate is set on the lower side of conveyor belt A. A rectangular support is provided around the lower template, and a lower mold cylinder is provided on both sides of the lower template. The upper side of the lower mold cylinder is fixed to the lower side of the lower template. Guide optical shafts are provided at the four corners of the upper and lower templates. The guide optical shafts support the upper template, conveyor belt A and the lower template. The upper and lower templates move up and down through the upper mold cylinder, the lower mold cylinder and the guide optical shafts to realize the mold opening and closing function. The lower template has multiple outer molds inside, and a lower hollow ventilation box is set on the lower side of the lower template. The lower template and the lower hollow ventilation box are connected by welding. A lower exhaust fan is connected to the lower side of the lower hollow ventilation box through a ventilation pipe.

4. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inner mold and the outer mold are positioned vertically. The upper part of the inner mold is a hollow cylinder, and the lower part of the inner mold is a hollow cone with multiple ventilation holes. The upper side of the outer mold has a hollow cone with multiple ventilation holes, and the lower side of the outer mold is a hollow cylinder.

5. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The customized air-cooling unit is equipped with a through-beam induction switch. When the tray is transferred from the heat treatment furnace to the customized air-cooling unit, the through-beam induction switch is triggered. The conveyor belt motor in the customized air-cooling unit receives the signal from the through-beam induction switch and controls the rotation of conveyor belt A.

6. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The natural air cooling device includes conveyor belt B, hollow ventilation box, fan, rubber rod with air holes, pulley, pulley track, reciprocating rocker arm, and reciprocating motor. The hollow ventilation box includes an upper box and a lower box. An upper box is provided on the upper side of conveyor belt B, and a lower box is provided on the lower side of conveyor belt B. The lower side of the upper box and the upper side of the lower box are respectively connected to evenly distributed rubber rods with air holes. Two support columns are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper box, and the lower box is connected to the upper box through the support columns.

7. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A pulley is welded to the upper side of the lower box, and the pulley is connected to a pulley track. The pulley track is fixed to the lower side of the conveyor belt B. A reciprocating rocker is set on one side of the lower box, and the reciprocating rocker is connected to a reciprocating motor. The reciprocating motor drives the upper box and the lower box to reciprocate horizontally. The upper and lower housings are each equipped with two ventilation openings, which are connected to the fan ventilation openings via a five-way connector.

8. The apparatus for physical hardening of various glasswares as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Conveyor belt B of the natural air cooling unit is connected to the finished product area conveyor belt.

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