A nucleic acid extraction device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of life science technology, and in particular to a nucleic acid extraction device. The device includes a frame, a sample loading and waste liquid treatment mechanism, a oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, a control device, and a screen interaction system. The sample loading and waste liquid treatment mechanism achieves precise three-dimensional positioning through horizontal and vertical motion guides and vertical moving components. It includes parallel large and small pistons, allowing for flexible switching between different volume pipetting and sharing a common connector. The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism integrates oscillation, heating, and magnetic attraction functions, and works with various sizes of pipette tips and reagent kits to complete sample processing. The extraction process is automated through the control device, linking all mechanisms to automatically complete the entire process, including sample lysis, solid-liquid separation, magnetic bead purification, and elution. This application automates nucleic acid extraction, improving operational efficiency and extraction results, and is suitable for nucleic acid extraction from plant tissues, animal tissues, blood, plasmids, and other samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of life science technology, and in particular to a nucleic acid extraction device. Background Technology

[0002] In life science research, nucleic acid extraction from samples such as plant tissues, animal tissues, soil, blood, and plasmids is a fundamental and crucial experimental procedure. Currently available nucleic acid extractors can only purify the processed supernatant using a magnetic rod and magnetic rod sleeve method, and cannot complete the pre-extraction steps such as lysis and neutralization. Therefore, they cannot achieve a complete process from sample to nucleic acid extraction.

[0003] In addition, existing extraction instruments require purification operations in units of eight when using consumables, resulting in serious waste of consumables. Furthermore, manual intervention is required to transfer the supernatant after lysis, which not only increases the workload of experimental personnel but may also introduce the risk of contamination, affecting extraction efficiency and accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a nucleic acid extraction device to realize the entire process from grinding the sample to nucleic acid extraction, so as to solve the problems of manual handling of supernatant, waste of consumables, and low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in nucleic acid extraction, such as the inability to fully automate the process and the serious waste of consumables. It provides a nucleic acid extraction device for samples such as plant tissues, animal tissues, blood, and plasmids, which realizes fully automated operation from the ground sample to nucleic acid extraction, reduces consumable consumption, and improves extraction efficiency and stability.

[0006] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] This application provides a nucleic acid extraction device, including a frame, a sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism, and a oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, wherein the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism and the oscillating magnetic heating mechanism are both disposed within the frame.

[0008] The sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism includes a piston assembly and a moving assembly for driving the piston assembly to move. The piston assembly includes two large pistons and a small piston arranged in parallel. The bottom end of the small piston is connected to a connector. The bottom of the large piston and the small piston are connected in communication and share the connector.

[0009] The bottom of the overall frame is equipped with an oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, a fixing bracket, a reagent kit, and a waste collection assembly;

[0010] The fixed bracket contains multiple suction heads that are adapted to the connector, and a suction head retraction device for removing the suction heads is provided above the waste collection assembly.

[0011] The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism includes an oscillating heating device and a pull-out magnetic suction device. The top of the oscillating heating device is provided with a consumable component, and the magnetic suction device is slidably connected to the bottom of the oscillating heating device.

[0012] As an improvement to the above solution, the moving component includes a horizontal motion guide rail, a vertical motion guide rail, and a vertical moving component. The horizontal motion guide rail is connected to the inner wall of the machine frame, one end of the vertical motion guide rail is slidably connected to the horizontal motion guide rail, and the vertical moving component is slidably connected to the vertical motion guide rail.

[0013] As an improvement to the above solution, the vertical moving assembly includes a fixed frame, a vertical control motor, a moving block, a fixed block, a lead screw, and a vertical guide rail. The vertical control motor is connected to the upper part of the fixed frame. The fixed blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower parts of the fixed frame, and are both located below the vertical control motor. The vertical guide rail is connected to the fixed frame. The lead screw is driven by the output end of the vertical control motor. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the two fixed blocks. One end of the moving block is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the other end is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail. The piston assembly is connected to the moving block. The lead screw drives the moving block to move up and down along the vertical guide rail, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the piston assembly. The fixed frame is slidably connected to the longitudinal motion guide rail by a slider.

[0014] As an improvement to the above solution, the connector includes a large suction head fixing head and a small suction head fixing head, wherein the small suction head fixing head is connected and disposed below the large suction head fixing head;

[0015] The fixed bracket has multiple placement holes, in which a large suction head, a small suction head, and a solid-liquid separation suction head are placed. The bottom of the solid-liquid separation suction head is filled with filter material. The large suction head and the solid-liquid separation suction head are adapted to the large suction head fixing head, and the small suction head is adapted to the small suction head fixing head.

[0016] As an improvement to the above solution, the waste collection assembly includes a waste suction head collection box and a waste liquid collection box. The waste liquid collection box is fitted inside the waste suction head collection box. The suction head retraction component includes a support and a retaining plate. The retaining plate is located above the waste suction head collection box. The outer end of the retaining plate has a large retaining slot adapted to the connection end of the large suction head and the solid-liquid separation suction head. The inner side of the large retaining slot has a small retaining slot adapted to the connection end of the small suction head. The retraction is achieved by the interference fit between the retaining slot and the suction head connection end.

[0017] As an improvement to the above solution, the oscillation heating device includes a heating component and an oscillation component. The oscillation component adopts an eccentric wheel structure, is driven by a motor and has an adjustable speed, and the heating component uses a heating element as a heating element and is integrated on the oscillation component.

[0018] As an improvement to the above solution, the bottom of the oscillating heating device is provided with a magnetic suction cavity. The magnetic suction device includes a magnetic frame that is slidably connected in the magnetic suction cavity. The magnetic frame is driven by a motor to move into or out of the magnetic suction cavity.

[0019] As an improvement to the above solution, the consumable assembly includes a consumable holder and a consumable tube. The consumable holder has three rows of placement openings, corresponding to the collection area, sample area and purification area, respectively, and the consumable tube is placed in the placement opening.

[0020] As an improvement to the above solution, a shelf is provided at the bottom of the frame of the whole machine, and four placement slots are provided on the shelf. The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, the fixing bracket, the reagent kit and the waste collection component are respectively located in the corresponding placement slots.

[0021] As an improvement to the above solution, the nucleic acid extraction device further includes a control device and a screen interaction system. The control device controls the coordinated operation of each mechanism, and the screen interaction system includes a display screen disposed on the outside of the overall frame, which is electrically connected to the control device.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the above solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. High degree of automation and reduced human intervention: The entire process of sample transfer, reagent addition, lysis, and purification is completed by controlling the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism and the oscillating magnetic heating mechanism through the control device. No manual step-by-step processing is required, which reduces human error and improves experimental repeatability.

[0024] 2. Precise and flexible pipetting, adaptable to various volume requirements: The sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism adopts a parallel design of large and small pistons, which can independently control large and small volume pipetting, and can be flexibly switched through a shared connector to meet the needs of different reagent addition amounts and sample volumes, thereby improving pipetting accuracy and operational efficiency.

[0025] 3. Integrated design, efficient and coordinated functions: The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism integrates oscillation, heating and magnetic attraction functions, which can simultaneously complete sample mixing, reaction acceleration and magnetic bead separation, reducing the switching time between mechanisms; together with the solid-liquid separation pipette design of the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism, the solid-liquid separation process is further simplified and the overall extraction efficiency is improved.

[0026] 4. Compact structure and strong adaptability: The entire frame is rationally arranged with storage plates and various functional components. Through the adaptable design of multiple specifications of pipette tips (large pipette tips, small pipette tips, solid-liquid separation pipette tips), it can be compatible with various sample types such as plant tissues, animal tissues, and plasmids. In addition, different reagents can be flexibly placed in the reagent kit to meet diverse extraction needs.

[0027] 5. Convenient waste disposal and clean experimental environment: The waste collection component integrates a waste pipette tip collection box and a waste liquid collection box. With the help of the pipette tip retraction device, the pipette tips can be automatically detached and collected in categories, reducing the risk of waste liquid leakage and facilitating subsequent centralized treatment, which complies with laboratory safety regulations.

[0028] In summary, this invention achieves fully automated operation from sample grinding to nucleic acid extraction, reducing consumable consumption and improving extraction efficiency and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the nucleic acid extraction device of this utility model. Figure 1 .

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nucleic acid extraction device of this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nucleic acid extraction device of this utility model. Figure 3 .

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the nucleic acid extraction device of this utility model. Figure 4 .

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism and piston assembly involved in this utility model.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Overall frame; 2. Horizontal motion guide rail; 3. Vertical motion guide rail; 4. Vertical movement assembly; 4-1. Fixed frame; 4-2. Up and down control motor; 4-3. Moving block; 4-4. Fixed block; 4-5. Lead screw; 4-6. Vertical guide rail; 5. Piston assembly; 5-1. Large piston; 5-2. Small piston; 5-3. Servo motor; 5-4. Large suction head fixing head; 5-5. Small suction head fixing head; 6. Shelf; 7. Fixed bracket; 7-1. Large suction head... 7-2. Small pipette tip; 8. Reagent kit; 8-1. Compartment; 9. Waste pipette tip collection box; 10. Waste liquid collection box; 11. Pipe tip ejection assembly; 11-1. Support; 11-2. Clamping plate; 11-3. Large clamp; 11-4. Small clamp; 12. Shaking and heating device; 12-1. Consumables holder; 12-2. Consumables tube; 12-3. Collection area; 12-4. Sample area; 12-5. Purification area; 13. Magnetic suction device; 13-1. Magnetic rack; 14. Display screen. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present invention omits descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention. The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Example

[0038] See Figure 1-5 This embodiment provides a nucleic acid extraction device, including a frame 1, a sample loading and waste liquid treatment mechanism, a oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, a control device, and a screen interaction system. The sample loading and waste liquid treatment mechanism and the oscillating magnetic heating mechanism are both housed within the frame.

[0039] Doors are provided on the side walls of the machine frame to facilitate the placement of samples and reagents, as well as the maintenance and repair of the internal components of the machine frame.

[0040] The sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism is used to complete sample transfer, reagent addition, impurity filtration and sample collection and transfer during the extraction process. Its core principle is to achieve liquid aspiration and dispensing by controlling the piston movement through servo motor 5-3: when servo motor 5-3 rotates forward, it drives the piston to complete dispensing; when servo motor 5-3 rotates in reverse, it drives the piston to complete suction.

[0041] The sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism includes a piston assembly 5 and a moving assembly that drives the piston assembly 5 to move. The moving assembly includes a transverse (X-axis direction) motion guide rail, a longitudinal (Y-axis direction) motion guide rail, and a vertical (Z-axis direction) moving assembly.

[0042] The transverse motion guide rail 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine frame. One end of the longitudinal motion guide rail 3 is slidably connected to the transverse motion guide rail 2 via a slider. The vertical movement component 4 is slidably connected to the longitudinal motion guide rail 3 via a slider. The piston assembly 5 moves laterally by sliding along the transverse motion guide rail 2 via the longitudinal motion guide rail 3, and the piston assembly 5 moves longitudinally by sliding along the longitudinal motion guide rail 3 via the vertical movement component 4. Specifically, a stepper motor drives the slider to move, thereby driving the piston assembly 5 to achieve two-dimensional positioning.

[0043] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, a stepper motor drives a synchronous belt to drive the components on the transverse motion guide rail 2 and the longitudinal motion guide rail 3 to achieve precise two-dimensional motion, providing position positioning for operations such as reagent addition and sample transfer.

[0044] The vertical moving assembly 4 includes a fixed frame 4-1, a vertical control motor 4-2, a moving block 4-3, a fixed block 4-4, a lead screw 4-5, and a vertical guide rail 4-6. The fixed frame 4-1 is slidably connected to the longitudinal motion guide rail 3 via a slider. The vertical movement of the piston assembly 5 is achieved by the slider on the fixed frame 4-1 sliding along the longitudinal motion guide rail 3. The vertical moving assembly 4 achieves the vertical movement of the piston assembly 5.

[0045] The up-and-down control motor 4-2 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed frame 4-1. Two fixed blocks 4-4 are located below the up-and-down control motor 4-2 and are fixedly installed on the upper and lower parts of the fixed frame 4-1, respectively. One end of the lead screw 4-5 is driven by the output end of the up-and-down control motor 4-2 and rotatably connected to the upper fixed block 4-4; the other end is rotatably connected to the lower fixed block 4-4. The vertical guide rail 4-6 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the fixed frame 4-1 and is positioned directly opposite the lead screw 4-5. One end of the moving block 4-3 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 4-5, and the other end is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail 4-6. The piston assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the moving block 4-3. The up-and-down control motor 4-2 drives the lead screw 4-5 to rotate, and the moving block 4-3 moves up and down along the vertical guide rail 4-6 under the drive of the lead screw 4-5, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement of the piston assembly 5.

[0046] Piston assembly 5 includes two parallel-connected large pistons 5-1 and small pistons 5-2, each independently controlled by two servo motors 5-3: large piston 5-1 handles large-volume pipetting, and small piston 5-2 handles small-volume pipetting. A connector is attached to the bottom of the small piston 5-2, connecting it to the bottom of the large piston 5-1 via a tubing. Both pistons share a single connector, allowing for flexible switching between different volume pipetting operations. The connector includes a large pipette tip holder 5-4 and a small pipette tip holder 5-5, with the small pipette tip holder 5-5 positioned below the large pipette tip holder 5-4.

[0047] The bottom of the frame of the whole machine is provided with a shelf 6, and four placement slots are provided on the shelf 6, which respectively house the fixing bracket 7, the reagent kit 8, the waste collection component and the oscillating magnetic heating mechanism.

[0048] The mounting bracket 7 has multiple storage holes for holding suction heads, including a large suction head 7-1, a small suction head 7-2, and a solid-liquid separation suction head. The bottom of the solid-liquid separation suction head is filled with filter material for solid-liquid separation. Specifically, filter material is filled at the bottom of the large suction head 7-1 to form the solid-liquid separation suction head. The filter material can be a resin-bonded filter membrane or a cotton mesh, as needed. The large suction head 7-1 and the solid-liquid separation suction head can be fitted to the large suction head mounting head 5-4 via a snap-fit ​​mechanism, and the small suction head 7-2 can be fitted to the small suction head mounting head 5-5 via a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

[0049] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the engaging structure can be a structure in which an annular rib and a groove are engaged. An annular rib is provided on the fixing head, and an annular groove is machined at the corresponding position inside the top opening of the suction head. During assembly, the suction head fixing head is inserted into the suction head opening, and the rib squeezes the inner wall of the suction head and deforms elastically before embedding into the groove, forming a circumferential seal and axial fixation. When the suction head is retracted, the locking jaw of the retracting suction head component applies an upward force to overcome the friction between the rib and the groove, thereby achieving separation.

[0050] In a specific implementation of this embodiment, the locking structure can be a combination of radial protrusions and elastic grooves. Three to four radial protrusions are evenly distributed around the bottom outer circumference of the fixing head (symmetrically distributed along the circumference, with an inclined guide surface for easy insertion). An elastic groove (composed of an inwardly protruding elastic sheet from the inner wall of the suction head, with the groove width slightly smaller than the protrusion diameter) is provided at a corresponding position inside the top opening of the suction head. The elastic sheet has a certain deformation capacity (utilizing the elasticity of PP material). During insertion, the radial protrusions of the fixing head compress the elastic sheet, causing it to deform outwards. After full insertion, the protrusion slides into the groove, and the elastic sheet resets and locks the protrusion in place, achieving fixation. When the suction head is retracted, external force forces the elastic sheet to deform again, and the protrusion disengages from the groove.

[0051] During use, the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism moves above the corresponding pipette tip, and then drives the connector to move down into the corresponding pipette tip, so that the corresponding pipette tip is locked in place by the matching pipette tip fixing head; when solid-liquid separation is required, a solid-liquid separation pipette tip can be installed on top of the already installed small pipette tip 7-2. At this time, the small pipette tip 7-2 is located inside the solid-liquid separation pipette tip, and the liquid in the small pipette tip 7-2 is pumped out to the solid-liquid separation pipette tip, and solid-liquid separation is performed through the filter material.

[0052] The reagent kit 8 has multiple compartments 8-1, each of which can hold one storage tube. The storage tube can hold the supporting reagents (lysis buffer, neutralization buffer, washing buffer, etc.) required for the nucleic acid extraction process.

[0053] The waste collection assembly includes a waste pipette tip collection box 9 and a waste liquid collection box 10. The waste liquid collection box 10 is fitted inside the waste pipette tip collection box 9. A pipette tip retraction component 11 is provided on the outside of the pipette tip collection box. The pipette tip retraction component 11 includes a support 11-1 and a retaining plate 11-2 connected to the top of the support 11-1 and located above the waste pipette tip collection box 9. The outer end of the retaining plate 11-2 has a large retaining slot 11-3 that is adapted to the connection end (top open end) of the large pipette tip 7-1 and the solid-liquid separation pipette tip. The inner side of the large retaining slot 11-3 has a small retaining slot 11-4 that is adapted to the connection end of the small pipette tip 7-2. In use, the pipette tip is disengaged by the interference fit between the retaining slot and the pipette tip connection end. The large pipette tip 7-1, the small pipette tip 7-2, or the solid-liquid separation pipette tip is placed under the corresponding retaining slot. Then, the piston assembly 5 is moved upward, and the waste pipette tip falls into the waste pipette tip collection box 9.

[0054] The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism includes an oscillating heating device 12 and a magnetic suction device 13. This mechanism is used in conjunction with reagents to process and separate nucleic acid substances. A consumable assembly is located on the top of the oscillating heating device 12. The consumable assembly includes a consumable holder 12-1, which has multiple slots for placing consumable tubes 12-2. The oscillating heating device 12 oscillates and heats the reagents inside the consumable tubes 12-2. Specifically, there are three rows of slots, corresponding to the collection area 12-3, the sample area 12-4, and the purification area 12-5, respectively.

[0055] The shaking and heating device 12 includes a heating component and a shaking component. The shaking component adopts an eccentric wheel structure and is driven by a motor with adjustable speed, thereby controlling the shaking speed and achieving rapid mixing of the sample and reagents. The heating component uses a heating element as the heating element, integrated on the shaking component, to heat the sample and accelerate the lysis reaction.

[0056] The bottom of the oscillating heating device 12 has a magnetic suction cavity. The magnetic suction device 13 includes a magnetic frame 13-1 that is movable inward and outward and adapted to the magnetic suction cavity for separating magnetic beads. The magnetic frame 13-1 is driven by a motor. When magnetic attraction is needed, the motor drives the magnetic frame 13-1 to move into the magnetic suction cavity to the working position to attract the magnetic beads; when magnetic attraction is not needed, the motor pulls the magnetic frame 13-1 outward to avoid obstructing other operations.

[0057] The control device controls the liquid transfer operation of the reagent addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism, as well as the working status of the oscillating magnetic heating mechanism (such as heating temperature, oscillation speed, and magnetic attraction timing), so that each mechanism works together in accordance with the preset experimental procedure, ensuring the automation and accuracy of the extraction process.

[0058] The screen interaction system includes a display screen 14 mounted on the outside of the main frame, which is electrically connected to the control device. The screen interaction system provides an operating interface for the experimenters.

[0059] The working process of the nucleic acid extraction device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0060] Step 1: Place the sample (plant tissue, animal tissue, blood, plasmid bacterial solution, etc.) into the consumable tube 12-2 of the sample area 12-4 in the consumable assembly of the shaking heating device 12; place the matching reagents (lysis buffer, magnetic bead solution, washing buffer, elution buffer, etc.) into the corresponding compartments 8-1 of the reagent kit 8.

[0061] Step 2: The control device drives the moving components of the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism (horizontal motion guide 2, longitudinal motion guide 3, vertical moving component 4) to move the piston assembly 5 to above the corresponding reagent compartment 8-1 of the reagent kit 8. The large piston 5-1 or small piston 5-2, in conjunction with the corresponding pipette tip (large pipette tip 7-1 or small pipette tip 7-2), draws up the reagent and moves it to above the consumable tube 12-2 in the sample area 12-4 to add the reagent. Subsequently, the shaking component (eccentric wheel structure, motor driven) of the shaking and heating device 12 is activated to shake and mix the sample. The heating component (heating plate) is activated to heat the sample as needed, completing the sample lysis and / or preliminary reaction to form a mixture. If solid-liquid separation is required for the sample (e.g., plant tissue samples containing solid impurities), the sample loading and waste liquid treatment mechanism moves to the small pipette tip 7-2 on the fixed support 7, attaches the small pipette tip 7-2 through the small pipette tip fixing head 5-5, and then moves to the sample area 12-4 to aspirate the mixture. Next, it moves to the solid-liquid separation pipette tip on the fixed support 7, attaches the solid-liquid separation pipette tip (containing filter material at the bottom) to the outside of the small pipette tip 7-2 through the large pipette tip fixing head 5-4, and then moves to the consumable tube 12-2 in the purification area 12-5. The liquid is then ejected from the solid-liquid separation pipette tip through the small piston 5-2, and solid-liquid separation is completed through the bottom filter material. The liquid enters the consumable tube 12-2 in the purification area 12-5. If solid-liquid separation is not required, the sample loading and waste liquid treatment mechanism directly aspirates the mixture through the pipette tip, moves it, and transfers it to the consumable tube 12-2 in the purification area 12-5.

[0062] Step 3: The sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism draws the magnetic bead solution from reagent kit 8 as described above, moves it above consumable tube 12-2 in purification zone 12-5, and adds it therein; the shaking component of the shaking heating device 12 is restarted, causing consumable tube 12-2 in purification zone 12-5 to shake, so that the magnetic beads and liquid are fully mixed; then, the motor of the magnetic suction device 13 drives the magnetic frame 13-1 to slide into the magnetic suction cavity at the bottom of the shaking heating device 12 (magnetic suction state), and magnetic beads are attracted by magnetic force; in the magnetic suction state, the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism moves to purification zone 12-5, draws the waste liquid through the pipette tip, and then moves it above the waste liquid collection box 10 of the waste collection component to discharge the waste liquid into it.

[0063] Step 4: The control device drives the motor of the magnetic suction device 13 to pull the magnetic frame 13-1 out of the magnetic suction cavity (remove the magnetic frame); the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism draws the washing solution from the reagent kit 8 in the manner of Step 2 and adds it into the consumable tube 12-2 in the purification area 12-5; repeat the operation of the shaking component shaking and mixing, the magnetic frame 13-1 sliding into the magnetic suction cavity to attract the magnetic beads, and the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism drawing up the waste liquid and discharging it into the waste liquid collection box 10 to complete the washing and impurity removal of the magnetic beads (different washing solutions can be used as needed, and the above steps can be repeated).

[0064] Step 5: The magnetic rack 13-1 is held in the magnetic suction chamber (magnetic suction state), and the heating component is activated as needed; the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism draws the eluent from reagent kit 8 and adds it to consumable tube 12-2 in purification zone 12-5; the shaking component is activated to shake and mix, so that the magnetic beads and eluent react fully; then, the magnetic rack 13-1 is held in the magnetic suction state to attract the magnetic beads.

[0065] Step 6: In the magnetic suction state, the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism uses the pipette tip to draw up the eluted nucleic acid solution in the consumable tube 12-2 in the purification area 12-5, moves it above the consumable tube 12-2 in the collection area 12-3, and transfers the solution into it; then, the control device drives the magnetic frame 13-1 to be pulled out from the magnetic suction cavity (removing the magnetic frame).

[0066] In the above process, after the pipette tip is used, the sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism moves to the pipette tip retraction part 11 and inserts the pipette tip into the corresponding slot (large pipette tip 7-1 or solid-liquid separation pipette tip is inserted into large slot 11-3, small pipette tip 7-2 is inserted into small slot 11-4). The vertical moving component 4 drives the piston component 5 to move upward, so that the pipette tip is separated from the connector and falls into the waste pipette tip collection box 9.

[0067] It should be noted that the control device in this application simply uses a PLC control system to achieve the coordinated operation of various mechanisms. Controlling various mechanisms using a PLC control system is a fairly mature technology in the prior art, and this application does not involve any improvements to its algorithms or programs. Any existing single-chip microcomputer control technology that can achieve the coordinated operation of the mechanisms in this embodiment should be applicable to this embodiment.

[0068] Although the specific embodiments of the utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Based on the technical solution of the utility model, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction device, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1), a sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism and a oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, both of which are located within the frame (1); The sample addition and waste liquid treatment mechanism includes a piston assembly (5) and a moving component for driving the piston assembly (5) to move. The piston assembly (5) includes two large pistons (5-1) and a small piston (5-2) arranged in parallel. The bottom end of the small piston (5-2) is connected to a connector. The bottom of the large piston (5-1) and the small piston (5-2) are connected in communication and share the connector. The bottom of the overall frame (1) is provided with an oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, a fixed bracket (7), a reagent kit (8), and a waste collection assembly; The fixed bracket (7) contains a plurality of suction heads adapted to the connector, and a suction head retraction component (11) for removing the suction heads is provided above the waste collection assembly. The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism includes an oscillating heating device (12) and a pull-out magnetic device (13). The top of the oscillating heating device (12) is provided with a consumable assembly, and the magnetic device (13) is slidably connected to the bottom of the oscillating heating device (12).

2. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component includes a horizontal motion guide rail (2), a vertical motion guide rail (3), and a vertical moving component (4). The horizontal motion guide rail (2) is connected to the inner wall of the whole frame (1). One end of the vertical motion guide rail (3) is slidably connected to the horizontal motion guide rail (2). The vertical moving component (4) is slidably connected to the vertical motion guide rail (3).

3. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical moving assembly (4) includes a fixed frame (4-1), a vertical control motor (4-2), a moving block (4-3), a fixed block (4-4), a lead screw (4-5), and a vertical guide rail (4-6). The vertical control motor (4-2) is connected to the upper part of the fixed frame (4-1). The fixed blocks (4-4) are fixedly connected to the upper and lower parts of the fixed frame (4-1), respectively, and are both located below the vertical control motor (4-2). The vertical guide rail (4-6) is connected to the fixed frame (4-1). The lead screw (4-5) is connected to the vertical control motor (4-2). The output end is connected to the drive. The two ends of the lead screw (4-5) are rotatably connected to the two fixed blocks (4-4). One end of the moving block (4-3) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (4-5), and the other end is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail (4-6). The piston assembly (5) is connected to the moving block (4-3). The lead screw (4-5) drives the moving block (4-3) to move up and down along the vertical guide rail (4-6), thereby realizing the up and down movement of the piston assembly (5). The fixed frame (4-1) is slidably connected to the longitudinal motion guide rail (3) through a slider.

4. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector includes a large suction head fixing head (5-4) and a small suction head fixing head (5-5), and the small suction head fixing head (5-5) is connected and disposed below the large suction head fixing head (5-4); The fixed bracket (7) has multiple placement holes, in which a large suction head (7-1), a small suction head (7-2), and a solid-liquid separation suction head are placed. The bottom of the solid-liquid separation suction head is filled with filter material. The large suction head (7-1) and the solid-liquid separation suction head are adapted to the large suction head fixing head (5-4), and the small suction head (7-2) is adapted to the small suction head fixing head (5-5).

5. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waste collection assembly includes a waste suction head collection box (9) and a waste liquid collection box (10). The waste liquid collection box (10) is fitted inside the waste suction head collection box (9). The suction head retraction component (11) includes a support (11-1) and a retaining plate (11-2). The retaining plate (11-2) is located above the waste suction head collection box (9). The outer end of the retaining plate (11-2) is provided with a large retaining slot (11-3) that is adapted to the connection end of the large suction head (7-1) and the solid-liquid separation suction head. The inner side of the large retaining slot (11-3) is provided with a small retaining slot (11-4) that is adapted to the connection end of the small suction head (7-2). The retraction is achieved by the interference fit between the retaining slot and the suction head connection end.

6. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscillating heating device (12) includes a heating component and an oscillating component. The oscillating component adopts an eccentric wheel structure, is driven by a motor and has an adjustable speed. The heating component uses a heating element as a heating element and is integrated on the oscillating component.

7. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the oscillating heating device (12) is provided with a magnetic suction cavity. The magnetic suction device (13) includes a magnetic frame (13-1) that is slidably connected in the magnetic suction cavity. The magnetic frame (13-1) is driven by a motor to move into the magnetic suction cavity or be pulled out from there.

8. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The consumable assembly includes a consumable holder (12-1) and a consumable tube (12-2). The consumable holder (12-1) has three rows of placement openings, corresponding to the collection area (12-3), the sample area (12-4), and the purification area (12-5), respectively. The consumable tube (12-2) is placed in the placement opening.

9. A nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame (1) of the machine is provided with a shelf (6), and four placement slots are provided on the shelf (6). The oscillating magnetic heating mechanism, the fixed bracket (7), the reagent kit (8) and the waste collection component are respectively located in the corresponding placement slots.

10. A nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid extraction device also includes a control device and a screen interaction system. The control device controls the coordinated operation of each mechanism. The screen interaction system includes a display screen (14) located on the outside of the overall frame (1). The display screen (14) is electrically connected to the control device.

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