Self-lubricating monitorable movable heart rail frog structure
By improving the embedded splicing structure, ring groove rivet connection, and wireless sensor monitoring of the movable point frog, the problems of fixed reliability and switching synchronization of traditional movable point frogs have been solved, the follow-up and rail component durability have been improved, intelligent detection has been achieved, and maintenance costs have been reduced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY BAOJI BRIDGE GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
Smart Images
Figure CN224478352U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of railway track turnout and frog technology, specifically relating to a self-lubricating, monitorable, movable center rail frog structure. Background Technology
[0002] Common movable point frogs (such as...) Figure 1 (As shown) It generally consists of a wing rail 1, a long center rail 2, a short center rail 3, a fork and a point rail 4, a spacer 5, a pad 6, and a high-strength bolt connection 7. The long center rail 2 and the short center rail 3 are connected by the spacer 5 and the high-strength bolt connection 7 to form a "V"-shaped assembly. Within the frame formed by the two wing rails 1, the switch can be moved to allow for the opening of the straight and side tracks. This movable center rail frog eliminates (such as...) Figure 2 As shown, the harmful space of the fixed frog ensures the continuous and uninterrupted track gauge of the straight and side tracks of the railway turnout, which greatly improves the running condition of the train when passing through the frog. It can not only improve the stability of the train at high speed and the passenger comfort, but also extend the service life of the frog.
[0003] (like Figure 1 (As shown) The principle of a traditional movable point frog for opening the straight and side tracks is as follows: the long point rail 2 is set along the straight track direction, and an elastic bendable section 2-1 is set at its heel end (as shown). Figure 3 As shown), after the flexible bendable section 2-1, the long core rail 2 and the wing rail 1 are fixedly connected by high-strength bolts 7 and frame-type spacer 5, forming the fixed end 1-1. The long core rail 2 and the short core rail 3 are connected to form a "V"-shaped assembly of a certain length (as shown). Figure 4 As shown), by setting the flexible bendable section 2-1 and fixing it to the heel end of the wing rail 1, the straight and side rails of the track can be opened by switching within the frame formed by the two wing rails 1. The rear end of the fork-heel rail 4 is fixedly connected to the wing rail 1. Due to the constraint of the outer buckle plate or top iron 8, the tip of the fork-heel rail 4 and the heel of the short center rail 3 can slide longitudinally along the milled surface of the tip of the fork-heel rail 4 during the "V"-shaped switching, forming a sliding joint 3-1 to meet the switching and sliding requirements of the "V"-shaped component. The main problems with this connection method in practical applications are:
[0004] 1) In order to meet the requirements of the switch and reduce the switching lever force, the switch is generally set with a long moving section. This results in a long switch length, which causes the vehicle to bounce when passing through, requiring anti-bounce devices, and leading to problems such as complex structure and more materials used.
[0005] 2) The "human" shaped component formed by the long and short core rails is connected by high-strength bolt connection pair 7. Due to the influence of torque coefficient, installation process, and ambient temperature, the bolts of the high-strength bolt connection pair 7 may have problems such as insufficient tightening force, loosening or breakage during use.
[0006] 3) Because the side rail short center rail 3 and the fork point rail 4 have a sliding joint 3-1, the structure of the sliding joint 3-1 is weak and it is not suitable for high-speed side rail operation.
[0007] 4) Because the short track 3 is not fixed at the end, the longitudinal displacement is restricted only by the buckle plate or top iron 8 on the outside. During the conversion, the short track 3 has a large creep at the rear end and poor follow-up. There is insufficient displacement near the bend, which can easily cause problems such as small static gauge, excessive straightness, and electrical jamming.
[0008] 5) Since the buckle plate or top iron 8 mainly restricts the longitudinal displacement of the short core rail 3 while satisfying the conversion and sliding, it does not restrict and fix the longitudinal and lateral displacement. In actual use, with the wear of the rail components and other parts, the heel end of the short core rail 3 is prone to warping, causing the empty hanging plate and core rail jumping and other defects.
[0009] 6) The sliding joint 3-1 formed by the heel end of the short center rail 3 and the tip of the fork heel point rail 4 does not adopt a method to reduce frictional resistance. During use, the friction is large, the rail wears faster, and the gap between the fork heel point rail 4 and the short center rail 3 exceeds the standard.
[0010] 7) Since most of the components such as the buckle plate or top iron 8 and the spacer iron 5 are made using casting technology, there are manufacturing deviations. After assembly with high-strength bolt connection pair 7, there is a possibility that the high-strength bolts will be subjected to uneven stress, causing local deformation of the turnout, crawling of the frog rail due to temperature stress on the seamless track, bolt shearing and other defects.
[0011] 8) For issues such as cracks, creep, and tightness of rail components that need to be inspected during routine maintenance and repair of movable point rail frogs, manual inspection is costly, prone to omissions, and cannot meet the needs of modern railway construction.
[0012] In response to the problems of traditional movable frog structures, such as unstable heel end, large creep, poor follow-up, upward tilting of the short frog heel end causing empty hanging plate, frog jump, large friction between the short frog heel end and the tip of the frog heel rail, rapid wear of rail components, and excessive gap between the frog tip rail and the short frog rail, as well as the high cost, large omissions and inability of manual inspection, and its inability to adapt to the modernization of railway construction, the following improved technical solutions are proposed. Utility Model Content
[0013] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a self-lubricating and monitorable movable point frog structure, which solves the technical problems of poor fixation reliability, poor switching synchronization, poor follow-up, rapid wear of rail components, large switching resistance, and shortened service life of traditional movable point frog structures.
[0014] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: A self-lubricating, monitorable, movable point rail fork structure, including a wing rail, a long point rail, a short point rail, a fork heel and tip rail, a spacer, a pad, and a high-strength bolt connection pair. The long point rail and the short point rail are embedded splicing structures, and the two are connected by a ring groove rivet connection pair to form a "V" shaped integral structure. A spacer is provided within the close contact area between the heel end of the short point rail and the front end of the fork heel and tip rail to limit displacement. The spacer connects the short point rail and the fork heel and tip rail into a whole, and an oil cup is installed on the spacer. The bolts in the high-strength bolt connection pair are provided with elastic cylindrical pins or elastic vulcanized layers on the bolt shanks. The spacer is also provided with several wireless sensor module mounting holes.
[0015] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is as follows: the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail in the embedded splicing structure corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the long core rail; the cross-sectional width of the tip of the long core rail is 71-72.2 mm; and the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail is 50-55 mm.
[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above technical solution also includes a rail web gasket and a clamping plate; a rail web gasket is provided between the rail webs of the long center rail and the short center rail; a clamping plate is provided between the long center rail and the annular groove rivet connection pair.
[0017] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is: the spacer is an integral welded structure and is an inclined ladder-shaped clamp and connecting block assembled spacer structure.
[0018] In the above technical solution, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is: the oil cup is a direct pressure oil cup, the direct pressure oil cup injects grease, and the grease fills the contact surface between the spacer iron and the web of the short core rail.
[0019] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is: the elastic cylindrical pin is an elastic cylindrical pin with chamfers at both ends and an axial groove in the middle.
[0020] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is a rolled elastic cylindrical pin.
[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above technical solution also includes a sensor mounting base, which is disposed in the mounting hole of the wireless sensor module.
[0022] In the above technical solution, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is: the wireless sensor module is interference-fitted into the mounting hole of the wireless sensor module.
[0023] In the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution of this utility model is as follows: the wireless sensor module is installed in the mounting hole of the wireless sensor module by means of threaded connection and combined with coated anti-loosening adhesive.
[0024] Advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art:
[0025] 1. The long and short core rails of this utility model adopt an embedded splicing structure. Compared with the existing hidden-tip splicing or attached-tip assembly structure, the embedded splicing structure involves a certain amount of milling on the long core rail and moves the tip of the short core rail forward to be in close contact with the long core rail. This shortens the length of the "V" shaped component while increasing the tip thickness of the short core rail. It is beneficial to reduce the influence of the difference in conversion force during the conversion from the positioning to the reverse position and from the reverse position to the positioning when switching between straight and side rails. At the same time, it shortens the overall length of the core rail and helps to save materials.
[0026] 2. The long and short core rails of this utility model are connected by ring groove rivets to form a "human" shaped integral structure, which effectively improves the connection reliability compared with bolt connection. Based on Hooke's Law, it forms a structure known as "a screw that never loosens", solving the problem of loose nuts in existing bolt connection and the need to set anti-loosening mechanisms, which leads to structural complexity.
[0027] 3. This utility model has a spacer iron that restricts displacement within the close contact area between the short core rail heel end and the fork tip rail front end. The spacer iron connects the short core rail and the fork tip rail into a whole. Compared with the existing single or double buckle plate and double top iron structure, the spacer iron set in this utility model fixes and constrains the lateral displacement of the rail, effectively limiting the occurrence of defects such as gauge expansion and short core rail rear end tilting causing hanging plate. At the same time, it solves the problems of core rail heel end jumping, poor core rail follow-up, easy to cause gauge deviation and empty hanging plate at the short core rail heel.
[0028] 4. The spacer iron of this utility model is equipped with an oil cup. Lubricating grease is injected through the oil cup. When the lubricating grease is subjected to pressure or heat, the consistency of the lubricating grease decreases, and the lubricating grease will soften or even flow. This fluidity allows the lubricating grease to form an oil film at the contact area of the rail web, thereby reducing friction and wear, reducing conversion force, and extending service life.
[0029] 5. In this utility model, the high-strength bolt connection assembly has an elastic cylindrical pin outside the bolt or an elastic vulcanized layer outside the bolt shank. On the one hand, this achieves a tight and secure interference fit; on the other hand, the temperature force is first transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with the elastic vulcanized layer in the spacer hole connected to the long and short center rails, then evenly transmitted to the spacer side plate, then from the spacer to the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with the elastic vulcanized layer in the wing rail hole, and finally evenly transmitted to the wing rail by the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with the elastic vulcanized layer in the wing rail hole, thus achieving uniform and accurate transmission of temperature force.
[0030] 6. The spacer of this utility model is also provided with several wireless sensor module mounting holes. The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module mounting holes. The wireless sensor module is used to receive and transmit vibration signals at the frog heel, laying the foundation for intelligent online detection. In addition, compared with the existing technology of installing sensor clamps on the bottom of the rail or drilling holes in the rail before installing sensors, this utility model does not require additional turnout connectors, effectively reducing the number of holes on the rail components. On the one hand, sensor installation is more convenient; on the other hand, it occupies less space. Since no new connectors are added to the rail, it has no impact on the rail, meets the needs of long-term detection and use, and saves materials. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a common movable point frog structure;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a common fixed frog structure;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heel end structure of a common movable point rail frog;
[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the "human" shaped mandrel assembly formed by the long and short mandrels;
[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movable center rail frog structure of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the embedded splicing structure of the long and short core rails of this utility model;
[0037] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the common movable point rail frog long and short point rail concealed splicing structure in the prior art;
[0038] Figure 6(c) is a schematic diagram of the common movable point rail frog long and short point rail splicing structure in the prior art;
[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the long and short core rails of this utility model;
[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the long and short center rails of this utility model via multiple annular groove rivets.
[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the close-fitting structure between the short center rail heel end and the fork heel tip rail front end of this utility model;
[0042] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the existing technology showing a tight connection structure between the short center rail heel end and the fork heel tip rail front end using a snap plate or top iron.
[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the short center rail heel end and the fork heel tip rail front end in close contact.
[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the short center rail heel end and the fork heel tip rail front end in close contact under the existing technology;
[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the oil cup of this utility model;
[0046] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled spacer clamp structure of the present invention, which is in the shape of an inclined ladder.
[0047] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the oil filling cup structure in the AA cross-sectional view;
[0048] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the movable center rail frog for transmitting temperature force at its heel end.
[0049] Figure 17(a) is a front view of an embodiment of the axially slotted elastic cylindrical pin of this utility model;
[0050] Figure 17(b) is a side view of Figure 17(a) of this utility model;
[0051] Figure 18(a) is a front view of an embodiment of the rolled elastic cylindrical pin of this utility model;
[0052] Figure 18(b) is a side view of Figure 18(a) of this utility model;
[0053] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt rod of this utility model, which has an elastic vulcanized layer on its outer surface.
[0054] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of mounting holes for the wireless sensor module on the spacer iron of this utility model.
[0055] In the diagram: 1-wing rail, 2-long center rail, 3-short center rail, 4-fork and point rail, 5-spacer, 6-pad, 7-high-strength bolt connection pair, 7-1 bolt, 8-clasp plate or top iron, 9-ring groove rivet connection pair, 10-rail waist gasket, 11-clamp plate, 12-oil cup, 12-1 oil cup installation position, 13-elastic cylindrical pin, 14-elastic vulcanized layer, 15-wireless sensor module mounting hole. Detailed Implementation
[0056] The following will refer to the appendix in the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 5-20The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0057] A self-lubricating and monitorable movable center rail frog structure, the movable center rail frog including a wing rail 1, a long center rail 2, a short center rail 3, a fork heel and tip rail 4, a spacer 5, a pad 6, and a high-strength bolt connection pair 7.
[0058] The improvement of this utility model lies in the following: As shown in Figure 6(a), the long core rail 2 and the short core rail 3 are embedded splicing structures. In the prior art, as shown in Figures 6(b) and 6(c), the long core rail 2 and the short core rail 3 respectively adopt a concealed tip splicing structure or a tip-attached splicing structure. At the position where the tip of the short core rail 3 is in close contact with the long core rail 2, the rail head of the long core rail 2 is almost complete, that is, the cross-sectional width of the long core rail 2 is about 71-72.2mm, while the cutting amount at the close contact part of the short core rail 3 is large, resulting in a relatively thin tip of the short core rail 3; in addition, because the close contact part is at the rear, the overall core rail length is relatively long. At the same time, when the "V"-shaped component composed of the long and short core rails is switched, the asymmetry of the cutting of the long and short core rails is more obvious, resulting in a large difference in the switching force during the switch from the fixed position to the reverse position and from the reverse position to the fixed position. Therefore, the long and short core rails of this utility model are improved by adopting an embedded splicing structure. The embedded splicing structure shortens the length of the "V" shaped component by milling the long core rail 2 and moving the tip of the short core rail 3 forward to be in close contact with the long core rail 2, while increasing the tip thickness of the short core rail 3 to 50-55mm. This is beneficial for reducing the influence of the difference in conversion force during the conversion from the positioning to the reverse position and from the reverse position to the positioning when the straight and side rails are switched. At the same time, it shortens the overall length of the core rail and helps to save materials.
[0059] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model: as shown in Figure 6(a), the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail 3 in the embedded splicing structure corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the long core rail 2; the cross-sectional width of the tip of the long core rail 2 is 71-72.2 mm; the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail 3 is 50-55 mm. The cross-sectional width of the tip of the long core rail 2, ranging from 71 to 72.2 mm, ensures that the long core rail 2 has sufficient strength and stability when bearing train loads. The cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail 3, ranging from 50 to 55 mm, improves its durability and reduces maintenance costs compared to the long core rail 2.
[0060] (like Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the long core rail 2 and short core rail 3 are connected in a "V"-shaped integral structure by a grooved rivet connection pair 9. The grooved rivet connection pair 9 has high strength and durability, and can withstand the huge impact force when a train passes. This utility model uses a grooved rivet connection pair 9 to connect the long core rail 2 and short core rail 3 in a "V"-shaped integral structure, effectively improving the connection reliability. Its working principle is based on Hooke's Law, using a special riveting tool to subject the grooved rivet to axial tension and radial compression. During the riveting process, while the grooved rivet is subjected to axial tension, the collar is subjected to radial compression, causing the collar metal to flow into the groove of the rivet, forming a permanent metal plastic deformation connection, creating a structure known as a "never-loosening screw," solving the problem of loosening nuts in existing bolt connections and the need for additional anti-loosening mechanisms.
[0061] The above embodiments are further improved embodiments of the present invention: (e.g.) Figure 7 The turnout (as shown) also includes a rail web spacer 10 and a clamping plate 11; the rail web spacer 10 is provided between the rail webs of the long center rail 2 and the short center rail 3; the clamping plate 11 is provided between the long center rail 2 and the ring groove rivet connection pair 9. The rail web spacer 10 can fill the gap between the rail webs of the long center rail 2 and the short center rail 3, enhancing the overall stability of the turnout structure. By reducing the relative displacement between the rail webs, the rail web spacer 10 helps maintain the geometric shape and dimensional accuracy of the turnout. The rail web spacer 10 can also distribute the load generated when the train passes, reduce the impact on the turnout structure, help improve the load-bearing capacity of the frog, and extend its service life. The rail web spacer 10 can adjust the force distribution between the long center rail 2 and the short center rail 3, making it more uniform, helping to reduce stress concentration and reduce the risk of damage to the frog structure. The clamping plate 11 can firmly fix the positional relationship between the long center rail 2 and the ring groove rivet connection pair 9, helping to maintain the stability and accuracy of the frog structure and ensuring the smooth passage of trains. The clamping plate 11 prevents loosening between the long rail 2 and the ring groove rivet connection 9, reducing vibration and noise caused by loosening and improving the frog's durability. The clamping plate 11 allows for fine-tuning of the frog structure when needed, helping to adapt to different operating conditions and train speed requirements, thus improving the frog's flexibility and adaptability. The installation process of the clamping plate 11 is relatively simple and quick, helping to reduce installation costs and time, and improve construction efficiency.
[0062] (like Figure 9 , Figure 11 As shown, a spacer 5 is provided within the close contact area between the heel end of the short center rail 3 and the front end of the fork heel and tip rail 4 to restrict displacement. The spacer 5 connects the short center rail 3 and the fork heel and tip rail 4 as a whole. Compared with the prior art, (such as...) Figure 10 , Figure 12As shown, the existing short center rail 3 and the fork tip rail 4 are closely fitted within a structure using a snap-on plate or top iron 8; however, this results in poor follow-up performance and easily leads to problems such as track gauge deviation and empty hanging plates at the base of the short center rail. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of this utility model: (e.g.) Figure 13 , 14 As shown, the spacer 5 is an integral welded structure with an inclined ladder-shaped clamp and connecting block assembly. This utility model uses a spacer 5 to fix the short center rail 3 within a close contact area with the front end of the fork rail 4. This reduces the length of the flexible, bendable section, fixes the longitudinal and lateral displacement of the rail, effectively limits gauge expansion, and prevents defects such as hanging plates caused by the upward tilting of the short center rail's rear end. It also solves problems such as track gauge deviation, poor track gauge follow-up, and empty hanging plates at the short center rail's heel.
[0063] Furthermore, the integrated welded structure and inclined ladder-shaped assembled spacer 5 ensures that all parts of the spacer 5 are tightly connected, forming a whole, thereby improving the strength and stability of the structure. The inclined ladder shape design can more effectively distribute and bear the load, further enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the structure. Although the spacer 5 of the casting has a certain strength and stability, compared with the welded structure, the casting spacer 5 lacks integrity and structural strength. Defects such as porosity and slag inclusions that may exist during the casting process may also affect the stability and durability of the structure. The manufacturing process of the welded structure spacer 5 is relatively simple, and efficient and precise processing can be achieved through automated welding technology, which helps to reduce manufacturing costs and improve production efficiency. The casting process of the spacer 5 requires complex mold design and manufacturing, and is prone to scrap and defects, increasing manufacturing costs. Moreover, the processing and finishing of castings are also relatively complex, further increasing costs. The integrated welded structure and inclined ladder shape design of this utility model make the welded spacer 5 more adaptable and flexible, while the cast structure spacer 5 is limited in terms of adaptability and flexibility. The welded structure of the spacer 5 is relatively simple to maintain and replace. In case of failure or damage, the damaged part can be easily disassembled and replaced, reducing maintenance costs and time.
[0064] (like Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, the spacer 5 is used to install the oil cup 12 at the oil cup installation position 12-1 (in conjunction with...). Figure 15Lubricating grease is injected through the grease cup 12. When the grease is subjected to pressure or heat, its consistency decreases, and it softens or even flows. This fluidity allows the grease to form an oil film on the working friction surface of the sliding joint formed by the short center rail 3 and the fork and point rail 4, as well as on the contact surface between the spacer 5 and the web of the short center rail 3, thereby reducing friction and wear. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of this utility model: (e.g.) Figure 15 As shown, the grease cup 12 is a direct-pressure grease cup. After the grease is injected into the direct-pressure grease cup, the grease fills the contact surface between the spacer 5 and the short rail 3, which in particular reduces the friction and wear between the short rail 3 and the spacer 5, reduces the conversion force, and extends the service life.
[0065] This invention employs a direct-pressure grease cup to directly deliver grease into the equipment, avoiding potential leakage during delivery. This not only improves equipment efficiency but also effectively reduces environmental pollution caused by leakage. The direct-pressure grease cup precisely controls the amount and pressure of grease, ensuring adequate lubrication for all parts of the equipment. This precise control helps avoid waste, saves energy, and reduces equipment wear and malfunctions caused by over- or under-lubrication. Because the direct-pressure grease cup ensures continuous and adequate lubrication, it helps reduce equipment wear and damage, extending equipment lifespan and reducing maintenance costs and time. Direct-pressure grease cups typically feature a detachable design, making maintenance and replacement relatively simple and convenient.
[0066] (like Figure 16 As shown, the high-strength bolt connection 7 has an elastic cylindrical pin 13 on the outside of the bolt 7-1 or an elastic vulcanized layer 14 on the outside of the bolt 7-1 shank (e.g., as shown). Figure 19 (As shown).
[0067] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model (as shown in Figures 17(a) and 17(b)), the elastic cylindrical pin 13 is a hollow cylindrical pin with chamfered ends and an axial groove in the middle. The hollow cylindrical pin with the axial groove in the middle can elastically expand and contract. When using a special tool to achieve an interference fit, a certain amount of compression is used to achieve a tight installation of the elastic cylindrical pin 13. Furthermore, the straight groove design of the straight groove type elastic cylindrical pin enhances its bending strength and stiffness, resulting in higher load-bearing capacity and better shear resistance. The straight groove design also improves the stability and reliability of the connection, automatically adjusting to changes in axial load to ensure a tight connection. The straight groove type elastic cylindrical pin is suitable for larger hole tolerances than a rigid solid pin, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the mating workpiece.
[0068] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model (as shown in Figures 18(a) and 18(b)), the elastic cylindrical pin 13 is a coiled elastic cylindrical pin. The coiled elastic cylindrical pin has a certain degree of elasticity and can undergo elastic deformation under load, thereby providing cushioning and shock absorption capabilities. When assembled into the main body, the coiled elastic cylindrical pin can be positioned by radial tension to ensure the stability of the connection. The design of the coiled elastic cylindrical pin allows it to undergo elastic deformation within a certain range to adapt to different assembly and usage conditions. The use of coiled elastic cylindrical pins can improve the connection quality between assemblies, evenly distribute the load, and reduce stress between assemblies. The elastic characteristics and absorption capacity of the coiled elastic cylindrical pin help prevent damage to assemblies under impact or vibration environments, thereby extending the service life of the overall assembly. The coiled elastic cylindrical pin can reduce manufacturing costs and improve cost-effectiveness by relaxing hole tolerances and omitting additional steps such as reaming.
[0069] (like Figure 16 The principle behind the bolt 7-1 having an elastic cylindrical pin 13 outside or an elastic vulcanized layer 14 outside the bolt 7-1 rod is as follows: On the one hand, it achieves tight installation of the bolt 7-1; on the other hand, after the bolt 7-1 with the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or the elastic vulcanized layer 14 outside the rod is tightly installed, when the long and short core rails are subjected to the temperature force transmitted between the sections, the temperature force is first transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or vulcanized bolt in the hole of the long and short core rails through the bolt 7-1; then it is evenly transmitted to the spacer 5 by the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or vulcanized bolt; then it is transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or vulcanized bolt in the hole of the wing rail 1 by the spacer 5; finally, it is evenly transmitted to the wing rail 1 by the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or vulcanized bolt in the hole of the wing rail 1, thus achieving accurate transmission of temperature force.
[0070] (like Figure 20 As shown, the spacer 5 is also provided with several wireless sensor module mounting holes 15. Wireless sensor modules are installed in the mounting holes 15, and these modules are used to achieve intelligent detection of the turnout. Without increasing the number of rail bolt holes or affecting the normal operation of the line, these modules support intelligent online detection of operating conditions such as track creep and gaps in closely fitted sections.
[0071] When the wireless sensor module is cold-mounted: In the above embodiments, as a further improved embodiment of this utility model, a sensor mounting base is also included, which is disposed within the mounting hole 15 of the wireless sensor module. The sensor mounting base is directly disposed within the mounting hole 15 of the wireless sensor module, eliminating the need for additional installation space or brackets. This significantly reduces the overall structural space required, resulting in tighter connections, improved system integration, and a more compact and efficient overall structure. The absence of additional mounting brackets or accessories reduces material and manufacturing costs. Simultaneously, the compact structure also reduces labor costs for installation and maintenance. This design meets the requirements of secure sensor connection, adaptability to long-term outdoor monitoring environments, convenient disassembly and assembly, easy sensor battery replacement, no need to add rail bolt holes, no impact on line maintenance, and resistance to damage from external collisions.
[0072] Specifically, the design of the miniature intelligent wireless sensor installed in the mounting hole 15 of the wireless sensor module mainly considers the vibration generated by the friction between the train and the rail components when the train passes the frog end as a self-excitation. The sensor is fixed to the spacer 5, and strain gauges in contact with the rail collect the tested vibration, displacement, and other data. Different modules (such as crack, creep, and displacement analysis devices) then analyze and compare the collected data. When the data characteristics show a large change relative to the normal characteristics, the system issues an alarm and transmits it to the control center via the communication system for timely handling of the warning.
[0073] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the wireless sensor module is interference-fitted into the mounting hole 15 of the wireless sensor module, achieving an anti-loosening and anti-rotation design. The interference fit ensures a tight fit between the wireless sensor module and the mounting hole, avoiding connection failures caused by loosening or vibration. The tight contact surface effectively resists the influence of external factors (such as vibration, impact, etc.) on the sensor, ensuring the stability and reliability of the sensor in various environments. The interference fit reduces the gap between the module and the mounting hole, reducing signal loss during transmission and improving signal transmission efficiency and accuracy. The tight interference fit allows the sensor to work more efficiently, reducing errors and noise, thereby improving the performance and accuracy of the entire system. The interference fit requires no additional fasteners or installation tools; the sensor can be installed simply by pressing it in, greatly simplifying the installation process. The interference fit has high vibration and impact resistance, enabling the sensor to operate normally under harsh environmental conditions.
[0074] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model: the wireless sensor module is installed in the mounting hole 15 of the wireless sensor module via a threaded connection combined with a coated anti-loosening adhesive, ensuring the quality of vibration signal reception and transmission at the turnout heel. Threaded connection is a common and effective fixing method; through the rotation and tightening of the threads, sufficient tightness of the wireless sensor module within the mounting hole can be ensured. The anti-loosening adhesive coated at the threaded connection has excellent anti-loosening properties, effectively preventing the wireless sensor module from loosening or falling off even under vibration or impact conditions. The combined use of threaded connection and anti-loosening adhesive provides double protection for the installation of the wireless sensor module, further improving its stability and reliability. The anti-loosening adhesive not only has an anti-loosening function but also forms an additional sealing layer at the threaded connection, further enhancing the protection level of the wireless sensor module. Threaded connection is easy to operate and disassemble, making installation and replacement simple and quick. The anti-loosening adhesive is usually applied using a pre-coating process, making it convenient to use without additional application steps, further improving installation efficiency. The anti-loosening adhesive has good corrosion resistance, maintaining its anti-loosening effect in harsh environments and extending the service life of the wireless sensor module. The adhesive is suitable for wireless sensor modules made of a variety of materials and surface finishes, improving installation flexibility and adaptability.
[0075] In particular, the spacer 5 of this utility model is provided with several wireless sensor module mounting holes 15. The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module mounting holes 15. The wireless sensor module is used to receive and transmit vibration signals at the frog heel, laying the foundation for intelligent online detection. In addition, compared with the existing technology of installing sensor clamps on the bottom of the rail or drilling holes in the rail before installing sensors, this utility model does not require additional turnout connectors, which effectively reduces the number of holes to be drilled in the rail components. On the one hand, the sensor installation is more convenient, and on the other hand, it occupies less space. Since no extra holes are drilled in the rail and no new connectors are added, it has no impact on the rail structure, meets the needs of long-term detection and use, and saves materials.
[0076] As can be seen from the above description, this utility model effectively improves the reliability, switching synchronization, and service life of movable point frogs, ensures good alignment, reduces switching resistance, and is suitable for widespread application.
[0077] It should be understood that although this specification describes one embodiment, it does not mean that the embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in this embodiment can also be appropriately arranged and combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
[0078] The above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the content described in the claims of this utility model should be included within the scope of the claims of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the components and materials used in the above embodiments are commercially available.
Claims
1. A self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure, comprising a wing rail (1), a long center rail (2), a short center rail (3), a fork heel rail (4), a spacer (5), a pad plate (6), and a high-strength bolt connection pair (7), characterized in that: The long core rail (2) and the short core rail (3) are embedded splicing structures, and the two are connected into a "human" shaped integral structure by a ring groove rivet connection pair (9); the short core rail (3) has a spacer (5) that restricts displacement within the close contact range between the heel end and the front end of the fork heel tip rail (4), the spacer (5) connects the short core rail (3) and the fork heel tip rail (4) into a whole, and the spacer (5) is equipped with an oil cup (12); the bolt (7-1) in the high-strength bolt connection pair (7) is provided with an elastic cylindrical pin (13) or the bolt (7-1) rod is provided with an elastic vulcanized layer (14); the spacer (5) is also provided with several wireless sensor module mounting holes (15).
2. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail (3) of the embedded splicing structure corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the long core rail (2); the cross-sectional width of the tip of the long core rail (2) is 71-72.2 mm; the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short core rail (3) is 50-55 mm.
3. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rail web spacer (10) and a clamping plate (11); a rail web spacer (10) is provided between the rail webs of the long center rail (2) and the short center rail (3); a clamping plate (11) is provided between the long center rail (2) and the annular groove rivet connection pair (9).
4. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer (5) is an integral welded structure and is an assembled spacer structure consisting of inclined ladder-shaped clamps and connecting blocks.
5. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil cup (12) is a direct-pressure oil cup. The direct-pressure oil cup is filled with grease, and the grease fills the contact surface between the spacer iron (5) and the web of the short rail (3).
6. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cylindrical pin (13) is an elastic cylindrical pin with chamfered ends and an axial groove in the middle, which is a hollow cylindrical structure.
7. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cylindrical pin (13) is a rolled elastic cylindrical pin.
8. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor mounting base, which is located inside the wireless sensor module mounting hole (15).
9. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The wireless sensor module is interference-fitted into the wireless sensor module mounting hole (15).
10. The self-lubricating, monitorable movable center rail frog structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The wireless sensor module is installed in the mounting hole (15) of the wireless sensor module by means of threaded connection and with the coating of anti-loosening adhesive.