A power divider

Abstract

This utility model discloses a power divider, which includes a cavity. The cavity has a main line cavity, a first branch cavity, and a second branch cavity. The main line cavity is located between the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity. The main line cavity and the first branch cavity are separated by a first isolation wall, on which a first coupling structure is provided. The main line cavity and the second branch cavity are separated by a second isolation wall, on which a second coupling structure is provided. The first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are offset along a first direction. This utility model, using the above-mentioned power divider, not only has better isolation in electrical performance, but also lower insertion loss, with similar insertion loss values ​​for the three channels, avoiding uneven insertion loss distribution. Furthermore, it is smaller in size and easier to adjust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a power divider. Background Technology

[0002] While existing technologies can achieve the effect of three-way power splitting, they all have different drawbacks.

[0003] For example, see Figure 1 The sector-shaped power divider shown is a direct 1-to-3 power divider. Although it is small in size and has low insertion loss, its isolation is poor. Figure 1 The power divider shown has the following performance characteristics: insertion loss of -4.75 to -5.09 dB and isolation of -14.6 to 21.5 dB.

[0004] For example, see Figure 2 The 3dB Wilkinson power divider shown is a three-way power divider designed by cascading three 3dB power dividers. It has high isolation between ports and good phase consistency. However, since one of the channels needs to be connected to the load to match some of the power loss, the insertion loss is relatively large. In addition, since this scheme consists of three 3dB power dividers, it is inevitable that its size will be too large and cannot meet some structural size requirements. Figure 2 The power divider's performance is as follows: insertion loss -6.04~-6.15; isolation -23.8~-27.8dB. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a power divider.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: This utility model discloses a power divider, including a cavity. The cavity is provided with a main line cavity, a first branch cavity, and a second branch cavity. The main line cavity is located between the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity. The main line cavity and the first branch cavity are separated by a first isolation wall. A first coupling structure is provided on the first isolation wall. The main line cavity and the second branch cavity are separated by a second isolation wall. A second coupling structure is provided on the second isolation wall. The first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are staggered along a first direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the first coupling structure includes at least one first coupling window, and the second coupling structure includes at least one second coupling window. When there are multiple first coupling windows, the multiple first coupling windows are spaced apart on the first isolation wall along the first direction. When there are multiple second coupling windows, the multiple second coupling windows are spaced apart on the second isolation wall along the first direction.

[0008] Furthermore, at least one first coupling window contains a first metal block, and at least one second coupling window contains a second metal block;

[0009] Or / and, the widths of the first coupling window and the second coupling window are inconsistent along the first direction.

[0010] Furthermore, at least one first coupling window contains two first metal blocks, which are spaced apart and opposite to each other along a third direction. One of the two first metal blocks is disposed on the cavity, and the other is disposed on a cover plate for sealing the cavity. At least one second coupling window contains two second metal blocks, which are spaced apart and opposite to each other along a third direction. One of the two second metal blocks is disposed on the cavity, and the other is disposed on a cover plate for sealing the cavity. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction, and the third direction is the height direction of the cavity.

[0011] Or / and, the width of the first metal block along the second direction is less than the width of the first coupling window along the second direction, the width of the second metal block along the second direction is less than the width of the second coupling window along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the cavity is provided with an input port and at least two output ports. The input port is connected to the main cavity, at least one output port is connected to the first branch cavity, and at least one output port is connected to the second branch cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, an output port is connected to the main cavity, and the output port and the input port are respectively located at opposite ends of the main cavity in a first direction.

[0014] Furthermore, each output port on the outer wall of the cavity is provided with an absorbing load mounting groove, and an absorbing load is embedded in each of the absorbing load mounting grooves.

[0015] Furthermore, the power divider of this utility model also includes a cover plate for sealing the cavity. The cover plate is fixedly connected to the cavity by a number of screws. The screws are arranged at intervals around the main cavity, the first branch cavity, and the second branch cavity. A sealing ring is provided between the cavity and the cover plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a portion of the main cavity, the first branch cavity, and the second branch cavity are located on the cavity body, while another portion of the main cavity, the first branch cavity, and the second branch cavity are located on the cover plate used to seal the cavity body.

[0017] Furthermore, the first branch cavity is provided with a second absorbing load, or / and the second branch cavity is provided with a third absorbing load. The second absorbing load and the first output port are respectively located at both ends of the first branch cavity in a first direction, and the third absorbing load and the second output port are respectively located at both ends of the second branch cavity in a first direction.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses the above-mentioned power divider, which not only has better isolation in terms of electrical performance, but also has smaller insertion loss, and the insertion loss values ​​of the three channels are similar, so there will be no uneven distribution of insertion loss. In addition, it is smaller in size and easier to adjust. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sector power divider provided for related technologies;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a 3dB Wilkinson power divider provided for related technologies;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the principle of a power divider according to an embodiment of the related technology;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power divider provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A bottom view;

[0026] Figure 7 A perspective view of the cavity of the power divider provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cavity structure of the power divider provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0029] Figure 10 A perspective view of the cover plate of the power divider provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the insertion loss of a three-way power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is an isolation diagram of a three-way power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is an echo diagram of a three-way power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the attached diagram, 1 is the cavity, 11 is the main cavity, 12 is the first branch cavity, 13 is the second branch cavity, 14 is the first isolation wall, 15 is the second isolation wall, 16 is the first coupling window, 17 is the second coupling window, 18 is the first metal block, 19 is the second metal block, 110 is the input port, 111 is the first output port, 112 is the second output port, 113 is the third output port, 114 is the second fixing hole, 115 is the first groove, 116 is the second groove, 117 is the third fixing hole, 2 is the cover plate, 21 is the first fixing hole, 3 is the screw, 4 is the first absorbing load, and 5 is the second absorbing load. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" or "several" means two or more. The first direction is the Y direction, which is also the length direction of the cavity. The second direction is the X direction, which is also the horizontal direction perpendicular to the length direction. The third direction is the Z direction, which is also the height direction of the cavity.

[0037] While related technologies can achieve the effect of three-way power splitting, they all have different drawbacks. For example, direct 1-to-3 power splitters have poor isolation, 3dB Wilkinson power splitters have high insertion loss, and multiple cascaded splits result in large size, failing to meet some structural size requirements. This invention effectively solves these shortcomings. This invention provides a new power splitter structure using a single waveguide input and power splitting on the sidewall. After splitting the other four channels, two channels can be selected to meet performance requirements. Compared to previous traditional solutions, the structure is innovative and smaller, while performance is improved. Electrically, it not only offers better isolation but also lower insertion loss, with similar insertion loss values ​​for the three channels, eliminating uneven insertion loss distribution. Furthermore, its smaller size allows for better adjustment.

[0038] See Figures 4 to 10 This utility model provides a power divider, including a cavity 1 and a cover plate 2 for sealing the cavity 1. The cavity 1 is provided with a main line cavity 11, a first branch cavity 12, and a second branch cavity 13. The main line cavity 11 is located between the first branch cavity 12 and the second branch cavity 13. The main line cavity 11 and the first branch cavity 12 are separated by a first isolation wall 14, which is provided with a first coupling structure. The main line cavity 11 and the second branch cavity 13 are separated by a second isolation wall 15, which is provided with a second coupling structure. The first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are offset along a first direction.

[0039] In some embodiments, the main cavity 11, the first branch cavity 12, and the second branch cavity 13 are strip-shaped cavities extending along a first direction. The first branch cavity 12, the main cavity 11, and the second branch cavity 13 are arranged side by side along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0040] In some embodiments, the cover plate 2 is fixedly connected to the cavity 1 by a plurality of screws 3, which are spaced apart around the main cavity 11, the first branch cavity 12, and the second branch cavity 13. The cover plate 2 has a plurality of first fixing holes 21 penetrating through it, and the cavity 1 has a plurality of second fixing holes 114 on its closing surface. The first fixing holes 21 and the second fixing holes 114 correspond one-to-one. One end of each screw 3 passes through a first fixing hole 21 in the cover plate 2 and is threadedly connected to a second fixing hole 114 in the cavity 1. The cover plate 2 is a flat cover plate 2. The plurality of second fixing holes 114 are spaced apart around the main cavity 11, the first branch cavity 12, and the second branch cavity 13. The first fixing holes 21 are countersunk holes, and the second fixing holes 114 are blind holes.

[0041] In some embodiments, a first sealing ring is provided between the cavity 1 and the cover plate 2. The first sealing ring is disposed around the main cavity 11, the first branch cavity 12, and the second branch cavity 13, and the first sealing ring is located in a first groove 115 provided on the closing surface of the cavity 1 or the cover plate 2.

[0042] A second sealing ring is provided between the cavity 1 and the cover plate 2, and the second sealing ring is fitted around the screw 3 between adjacent coupling windows. The second sealing ring is located in a second groove 116 provided on the closing surface of the cavity 1 or the cover plate 2.

[0043] In some embodiments, the main cavity 11 is entirely located on the cavity 1, the first branch cavity 12 is entirely located on the cavity 1, the second branch cavity 13 is entirely located on the cavity 1, and the cover plate is only used to close the cavity.

[0044] In other embodiments, a portion of the main cavity 11 is located on the cavity 1, and another portion of the main cavity 11 is located on the cover plate 2. A portion of the first branch cavity 12 is located on the cavity 1, and another portion of the first branch cavity 12 is located on the cover plate 2. A portion of the second branch cavity 13 is located on the cavity 1, and another portion of the second branch cavity 13 is located on the cover plate 2.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first coupling structure includes at least one first coupling window 16, and the second coupling structure includes at least one second coupling window 17. When there are multiple first coupling windows 16, the multiple first coupling windows 16 are spaced apart along a first direction on the first isolation wall 14. When there are multiple second coupling windows 17, the multiple second coupling windows 17 are spaced apart along a first direction on the second isolation wall 15. The sizes of the multiple first coupling windows 16 and the multiple second coupling windows 17 are set as needed.

[0046] In some embodiments, at least one first coupling window 16 contains a first metal block 18, and at least one second coupling window 17 contains a second metal block 19. The metal blocks located in the coupling windows can improve the echo value of the product by adjusting their height, and the size of the coupling windows can be changed by adjusting their size, thereby adjusting the insertion loss and isolation of the product.

[0047] In some embodiments, the width of the first metal block 18 along the second direction is smaller than the width of the first coupling window 16 along the second direction, and the width of the second metal block 19 along the second direction is smaller than the width of the second coupling window 17 along the second direction.

[0048] In some embodiments, a first metal block 18 is provided on the cavity 1 and / or the cover plate 2, and a second metal block 19 is provided on the cavity 1 and / or the cover plate 2.

[0049] In some embodiments, at least one first coupling window 16 contains two first metal blocks 18, which are spaced apart and opposite to each other along a third direction. One of the two first metal blocks 18 is disposed on the cavity 1, and the other is disposed on the cover plate 2. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0050] In some embodiments, at least one second coupling window 17 contains two second metal blocks 19, which are spaced apart and opposite to each other along a third direction. One of the two second metal blocks 19 is disposed on the cavity 1, and the other is disposed on the cover plate 2. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0051] The first metal block 18 on the cavity 1 extends upward from the cavity 1 and forms a first step within the first coupling window 16 of the cavity 1. The first metal block 18 on the cover plate 2 extends downward from the cover plate 2 and forms a first step within the first coupling window 16 of the cover plate 2.

[0052] The second metal block 19 on cavity 1 extends upward from cavity 1, forming a second step within the second coupling window 17 of cavity 1. The second metal block 19 on cover plate 2 extends downward from cover plate 2, forming a second step within the second coupling window 17 of cover plate 2.

[0053] In some embodiments, the cavity 1 is provided with an input port 110 and at least two output ports. The input port 110 is connected to the main cavity 11, at least one output port is connected to the first branch cavity 12, and at least one output port is connected to the second branch cavity 13.

[0054] In other embodiments, the cavity 1 is provided with an input port 110 and at least three output ports. The input port 110 is connected to the main cavity 11, at least one output port is connected to the first branch cavity 12, at least one output port is connected to the second branch cavity 13, and one output port is connected to the main cavity 11. The output port and the input port 110 are respectively located at both ends of the main cavity 11 in a first direction.

[0055] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the cavity 1 is provided with a plurality of third fixing holes 117 for connecting waveguide ports.

[0056] In some embodiments, each output port on the outer wall of the cavity 1 is provided with a mounting groove for an absorbing load 4, and a first absorbing load 4 is embedded in each mounting groove for the absorbing load 4.

[0057] Figure 7 , Figure 8The present invention provides only an example of a three-way power divider including input port 110 and three output ports. This example is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the technical solutions of this disclosure. In practical applications, the number of output ports included in the power divider can be designed and adjusted as needed.

[0058] See Figure 7 , Figure 8 The cavity 1 is provided with an input port 110 and a first output port 111, a second output port 112, and a third output port 113. The input port 110 and the third output port 113 are connected to the main cavity 11, and are respectively located at both ends of the main cavity 11 in a first direction. The first output port 111 is connected to the first branch cavity 12, and the second output port 112 is connected to the second branch cavity 13.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first branch cavity 12 is provided with a second absorbing load 5, and / or the second branch cavity 13 is provided with a third absorbing load. The second absorbing load 5 and the first output port 111 are respectively disposed at both ends of the first branch cavity 12 in a first direction, and the third absorbing load and the second output port 112 are respectively disposed at both ends of the second branch cavity 13 in a first direction.

[0060] This utility model provides a novel power divider structure, employing a single waveguide input. After the main channel directly outputs from port 2, power is divided through a side-wall coupling window, outputting to ports 3, 5, 4, and 6. (See [reference]). Figure 3 The schematic diagram is shown. In the schematic... Figure 3 Based on this invention, the sidewall coupling window adopts a staggered structure. This not only allows for adjustment of the electrical performance of the power divider by adjusting the size of the coupling window and the height of the metal block (since the 4G cavity is long, a split structure is adopted, and the cavity 1 is layered in the middle for easy processing), but also the staggered distance of the coupling window can more effectively improve the product's isolation and reduce insertion loss.

[0061] This patent greatly simplifies the structure of the three-way power divider, making it smaller and requiring fewer variables. By adjusting only two variables, the three-way power divider effect can be achieved more simply and directly.

[0062] This invention employs a misalignment technique for the coupling windows. Simulation revealed that when the first coupling window 16 and the second coupling window 17 are aligned in the center, the isolation at the output is poor, approximately -16dB, and the insertion loss is around -5.8dB. Therefore, by adjusting the distance between the first coupling window 16 and the second coupling window 17 along the first direction, the electrical performance of the product is improved. When the misalignment distance reaches a satisfactory value, the insertion loss and fluctuation values ​​of the product are lower, and the isolation can be below -20dB. Furthermore, this solution is currently applicable to the 4.4GHz~5GHz band. When higher or narrower bandwidth is required, the misalignment distance between the first coupling window 16 and the second coupling window 17 can also be adjusted to better meet frequency band requirements. This patented three-way power divider can be applied to the C-band.

[0063] In this invention, the widths of the multiple first coupling windows 16 along the first direction can be different, and the widths of the multiple second coupling windows 17 along the first direction can also be different. Furthermore, the widths of the first coupling windows 16 and the second coupling windows 17 along the first direction are not identical. This is to avoid increased insertion loss when the two are misaligned. This invention can reduce insertion loss by adjusting the widths of the first coupling windows 16 and the second coupling windows 17 along the first direction. Additionally, the width of the metal block within the coupling window along the second direction must be less than the width of the coupling window along the second direction; otherwise, excessive insertion loss will occur. The width of the metal block within the coupling window along the first direction is less than the width of the coupling window along the first direction.

[0064] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the insertion loss of a three-way power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is an isolation diagram of a three-way power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the echo diagram of a three-way power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 11 to 13 As can be seen from the data, the insertion loss of the three-way power divider designed in this utility model is -4.8dB±0.5dB; the isolation is ≤-27dB; and the echo value is ≤-24dB.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A power divider, comprising a cavity, characterized in that: The cavity is provided with a main cavity, a first branch cavity, and a second branch cavity. The main cavity is located between the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity. The main cavity and the first branch cavity are separated by a first isolation wall. A first coupling structure is provided on the first isolation wall. The main cavity and the second branch cavity are separated by a second isolation wall. A second coupling structure is provided on the second isolation wall. The first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are staggered along a first direction.

2. The power divider as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first coupling structure includes at least one first coupling window, and the second coupling structure includes at least one second coupling window. When there are multiple first coupling windows, the multiple first coupling windows are spaced apart on the first isolation wall along the first direction. When there are multiple second coupling windows, the multiple second coupling windows are spaced apart on the second isolation wall along the first direction.

3. The power divider as described in claim 2, characterized in that: At least one first coupling window contains a first metal block, and at least one second coupling window contains a second metal block; or / and, The widths of the first coupling window and the second coupling window are inconsistent along the first direction.

4. The power divider as described in claim 3, characterized in that: At least one first coupling window contains two first metal blocks, which are spaced apart and opposite to each other along a third direction. One of the two first metal blocks is disposed on the cavity, and the other is disposed on a cover plate for sealing the cavity. At least one second coupling window contains two second metal blocks, which are spaced apart and opposite to each other along a third direction. One of the two second metal blocks is disposed on the cavity, and the other is disposed on a cover plate for sealing the cavity. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction, and the third direction is the height direction of the cavity. Or / and, the width of the first metal block along the second direction is less than the width of the first coupling window along the second direction, the width of the second metal block along the second direction is less than the width of the second coupling window along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The power divider as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is provided with an input port and at least two output ports. The input port is connected to the main cavity, at least one output port is connected to the first branch cavity, and at least one output port is connected to the second branch cavity.

6. The power divider as described in claim 5, characterized in that: An output port is connected to the main cavity, and the output port and the input port are respectively located at the two ends of the main cavity in the first direction.

7. The power divider as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Each output port on the outer wall of the cavity is provided with a microwave absorbing load mounting groove, and a first microwave absorbing load is embedded in each of the microwave absorbing load mounting grooves.

8. The power divider as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cover plate for sealing the cavity, the cover plate being fixedly connected to the cavity by a number of screws, the screws being spaced apart around the main cavity, the first branch cavity, and the second branch cavity, and a sealing ring being provided between the cavity and the cover plate.

9. The power divider as described in claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The main cavity, the first branch cavity, and a portion of the second branch cavity are located on the cavity body, while another portion of the main cavity, the first branch cavity, and the second branch cavity are located on the cover plate used to seal the cavity body.

10. The power divider as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first branch cavity is provided with a second absorbing load, or / and, and the second branch cavity is provided with a third absorbing load. The second absorbing load and the first output port are respectively located at both ends of the first branch cavity in a first direction, and the third absorbing load and the second output port are respectively located at both ends of the second branch cavity in a first direction.

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