Temporary air supply for tunnel
By utilizing water intake and drainage pipes to form ventilation ducts in single-ended tunnels, and combining this with air compressor supply, the problem of ventilation duct obstruction during the retreat of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) was solved, achieving safe ventilation and oxygen supply, and simplifying the construction process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY NO 2 ENG GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In single-ended tunnels, after the tunnel boring machine (TBM) has finished excavating, the lack of a receiving shaft means that the installed ventilation ducts become obstacles, making it difficult to ventilate the tunnel when retreating and compromising personnel safety.
The drainage pipes at the bottom of the tunnel are used as ventilation ducts, and a temporary air supply device is formed by connecting them with an air compressor to ensure ventilation and oxygen supply, and to avoid the removal of existing pipes from affecting the retreat of the tunnel boring machine or TBM.
It achieves the goal of maintaining ventilation inside the tunnel while the tunnel boring machine (TBM) is retracting, ensuring safety. The device has a simple structure, is easy to use, and performs well.
Smart Images
Figure CN224532764U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnels, and in particular to a temporary air supply device for tunnels. Background Technology
[0002] Setting up ventilation ducts during tunnel excavation is a key measure to ensure construction safety, maintain the working environment, and improve construction efficiency. To ensure unobstructed access to the construction site, ventilation ducts are usually hoisted and installed at the top of the tunnel or above the side of the tunnel.
[0003] Tunnels excavated using tunnel boring machines (TBMs) typically have a launching shaft and a receiving shaft at each end, used for assembling and disassembling the TBM or shield machine, respectively. This means that the TBM or TBM moves forward continuously and not backward, so the ventilation ducts installed behind the TBM or TBM will not become obstacles.
[0004] However, for some single-ended tunnels, such as undersea drainage tunnels or resource storage tunnels (like gas storage tunnels), the tunnel boring machine (TBM) only has a launching shaft and no receiving shaft. After the TBM completes excavation, the trolley frame and large equipment inside the shield need to be moved back to the launching shaft for dismantling. At this time, the ventilation ducts installed in the tunnel will form a roadblock to prevent the TBM from moving back. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the installed ventilation ducts to make way for the retreat, which makes it difficult to ventilate the tunnel and cannot guarantee the safety of personnel. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to address the problem in existing technology where, for some single-ended tunnels with only a launching shaft and no receiving shaft, the tunnel boring machine (TBM) needs to retreat to the launching shaft for dismantling after excavation. In this case, the ventilation ducts installed in the tunnel will become obstacles to the retreat of the TBM, thus requiring the removal of the installed ventilation ducts to make way for the retreat. This results in poor ventilation in the tunnel and cannot guarantee the safety of personnel. The present invention provides a temporary air supply device for tunnels.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A temporary air supply device for a tunnel includes an air compressor. Several existing inlet and outlet pipes are provided at the bottom of the tunnel. The air compressor is connected to one of the inlet and outlet pipes through a curved pipe to form a ventilation pipe.
[0007] The temporary air supply device for tunnels described in this utility model allows for the removal of ventilation ducts within the tunnel when the tunnel boring machine (TBM) needs to retreat. The existing inlet and outlet pipes do not affect the retreat of the TBM. The air compressor can be used to form the ventilation duct through the inlet and outlet pipes to maintain ventilation and oxygen supply within the tunnel. This temporary air supply device has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has good performance.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the air compressor is installed at the starting well.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the air compressor is installed on the ground, and the curved pipe is connected to the ventilation pipeline after passing through the launching well.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the working pressure of the air compressor is 0.7MPa~1MPa.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the air compressor is connected to an oil-water separator, and the oil-water separator is connected to the curved pipe.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the curved pipe is a rubber hose or a corrugated pipe.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the outlet of the ventilation duct is connected to a diffuser flare or a multi-directional nozzle.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the inlet and outlet pipes are made of PVC pipe, PE pipe, SRTP pipe (steel wire mesh reinforced plastic composite pipe) or cast iron pipe.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the inlet and outlet pipeline includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, or a spare pipe.
[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: The present invention provides a temporary air supply device for tunnels. When the tunnel boring machine (TBM) needs to retract and the ventilation ducts in the tunnel need to be removed, the existing inlet and outlet pipes do not affect the retraction of the TBM. The air compressor can be used to form the ventilation duct through the inlet and outlet pipes to maintain ventilation and oxygen supply in the tunnel. The temporary air supply device has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has good effect. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of a tunnel excavated by a tunnel boring machine (TBM). Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a temporary gas supply device for tunnels Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a temporary gas supply device for tunnels Figure 2 .
[0018] Marked in the image: 1-Tunnel; 2-Starting well; 3-Ventilation duct, 31-Support; 4-Inlet and outlet pipes; 5-track; 6-Air compressor, 61-Curved pipe, 62-Ventilation duct. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0021] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.
[0022] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.
[0023] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.
[0024] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "equipped with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
[0025] In related technologies, for some single-ended tunnels with only a launching shaft and no receiving shaft, after the tunnel boring machine (TBM) completes excavation, it needs to retreat to the launching shaft for dismantling. At this time, the ventilation ducts already installed in the tunnel can become obstacles hindering the retreat of the TBM. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the installed ventilation ducts to make way for the retreat, which leads to poor ventilation inside the tunnel and compromises personnel safety. This leads to the technical solution of this application, which is described below in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 3 To elaborate.
[0026] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, after the tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavates, a support frame 31 is erected above the top or side of tunnel 1 to connect to ventilation ducts 3, supplying air and oxygen to the tunnel 1. Simultaneously, a track 5 and several inlet and outlet pipes 4 are provided at the bottom of tunnel 1. The inlet and outlet pipes 4 include inlet pipes, outlet pipes, or spare pipes, which discharge water or construction wastewater from tunnel 1. The track 5 is used for transporting materials and waste within tunnel 1. The ventilation ducts 3 are relatively large. When the single-ended tunnel excavation is completed and the TBM needs to retreat to the starting shaft 2 for dismantling, the ventilation ducts 3 become obstacles that need to be removed. The inlet and outlet pipes 4 and the track 5, however, will not affect the retreat of the TBM and can continue to be used. In this embodiment, three inlet and outlet pipes 4 are exemplaryly provided on the right side of the track 5. Of course, the inlet and outlet pipes 4 can also be provided on the left side or both sides of the track 5.
[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the temporary air supply device for tunnels according to this utility model includes an air compressor 6. The working pressure of the air compressor 6 is 0.7MPa~1MPa. The air compressor 6 is connected to one of the three inlet and outlet pipes 4 through a curved pipe 61 to form a ventilation pipe 62. Specifically, the air compressor 6 can be connected to an oil-water separator, and the oil-water separator can be connected to the curved pipe 61, so that the air entering the ventilation pipe 62 is clean and free from oil mist pollution.
[0028] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the air compressor 6 is located at the launching well 2. In an optional embodiment, the air compressor 6 is located on the ground, and the curved pipe 61 passes through the launching well 2 and connects to the ventilation duct 62.
[0029] In an optional embodiment, the curved pipe 61 is a rubber hose or a corrugated pipe, and the inlet and outlet pipes 4 are PVC pipes, PE pipes, SRTP pipes, or cast iron pipes.
[0030] In an optional embodiment, the outlet of the ventilation duct 62 is connected to a diffuser flare or a multi-directional nozzle; with this structure, the compressed air delivered is diffused through the diffuser flare or multi-directional nozzle, avoiding the formation of an air jet at the outlet of the ventilation duct 62, which could cause local air stagnation, accumulation of harmful gases, and injury to personnel.
[0031] The temporary air supply device for tunnels described in this embodiment allows for the removal of ventilation ducts 3 within tunnel 1 when the tunnel boring machine (TBM) or TBM needs to retreat. The existing inlet and outlet pipes 4 do not affect the retreat of the TBM or TBM. The air compressor 6 can be used to form the ventilation pipe 62 through the inlet and outlet pipes 4 to maintain ventilation and oxygen supply within tunnel 1. This temporary air supply device has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has good performance.
[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A temporary gas supply device for tunnels, characterized in that, The tunnel (1) includes an air compressor (6) and several existing inlet and outlet pipes (4) at the bottom. The air compressor (6) is connected to one of the inlet and outlet pipes (4) through a curved pipe (61) to form a ventilation pipe (62).
2. The temporary tunnel gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor (6) is located at the starting well (2).
3. The temporary tunnel gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor (6) is located on the ground, and the curved pipe (61) is connected to the ventilation pipe (62) after passing through the starting well (2).
4. The temporary tunnel gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working pressure of the air compressor (6) is 0.7MPa~1MPa.
5. The temporary tunnel gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor (6) is connected to an oil-water separator, which is connected to the curved pipe (61).
6. The temporary tunnel gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved pipe (61) is made of rubber hose or corrugated pipe.
7. The tunnel temporary gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the ventilation duct (62) is connected to a diffuser flare or a multi-directional nozzle.
8. The tunnel temporary gas supply device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet pipes (4) are made of PVC pipe, PE pipe, SRTP pipe or cast iron pipe.
9. The temporary tunnel gas supply device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet pipelines (4) include an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, or a spare pipe.