A gas distributor nozzle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of gas distributor nozzles, including gas distributor body and nozzle part, there is a concave surface on gas distributor body, at least one first gas flow opening is arranged on surface, nozzle part is set on surface, and at least one second gas flow opening is arranged at the center of surface, first gas flow opening is arranged to the output gas of surface with cutting angle, and second gas flow opening is arranged to the output gas of surface with the radial arrangement of distributor body;Input gas of first gas flow opening is equipped with the gas flow adjusting part of adjustable position, and gas flow adjusting part is used to change the effective flow area of input gas of first gas flow opening to adjust gas flow.This application can effectively adjust flexible adjustment gas injection amount, different chemical reactions, particle characteristics and process requirements need different gas flow and distribution mode.The design of this independently adjustable makes gas distributor can quickly adapt to multiple working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical vapor permeation technology, and in particular to a gas distributor nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical chemical vapor infiltration reactor is a device used to manufacture high-performance composite materials. This reactor is designed so that gas can enter from the bottom and permeate evenly into a preform placed inside the reactor by gravity or an auxiliary gas flow mechanism, thereby achieving precursor gas decomposition and deposition of the desired material inside the preform.

[0003] Some existing devices have difficulty flexibly adjusting the gas injection volume when delivering carrier gas into the reactor through a gas distributor. Different chemical reactions, particle characteristics, and process requirements necessitate different gas flow rates and distribution patterns, which restricts the quality and efficiency of composite material preparation and fails to meet diverse production needs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a gas distributor nozzle, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A gas distributor nozzle includes a gas distributor body and a nozzle portion. The gas distributor body has a concave curved surface, on which at least one first airflow opening is arranged. The nozzle portion is disposed on the curved surface, and at least one second airflow opening is arranged at the center of the curved surface. The first airflow opening is located outside the second airflow opening. The first airflow opening is arranged at a tangential angle to the outlet air of the curved surface, and the second airflow opening is arranged radially to the outlet air of the curved surface. An adjustable airflow regulating part is provided at the inlet air of the first airflow opening, and the effective flow area at the inlet air of the first airflow opening can be changed by adjusting the position of the airflow regulating part.

[0006] Preferably, the distributor body has a through hole at its axial center, the nozzle part includes a nozzle sleeve that is sealed to the through hole, and the number of the second airflow openings is multiple, and the multiple second airflow openings are centrally symmetrically distributed in the nozzle part.

[0007] Preferably, there are multiple first airflow openings, which are evenly or non-uniformly distributed in a ring on the curved surface, and the tangent angle of the first airflow openings to the curved surface ranges from 30 to 60°.

[0008] Preferably, the outlet of the first airflow opening is parallel to the horizontal reference plane of the gas distributor body, the inlet of the first airflow opening is parallel to the vertical reference plane of the gas distributor body, and the inlets of the plurality of first airflow openings are evenly arranged at the bottom of the gas distributor body.

[0009] Preferably, the airflow adjustment part includes an annular airflow adjustment block coaxially rotatably connected to the bottom of the distributor body, and the annular airflow adjustment block has a number of adjustment ports evenly distributed on it, corresponding to the number of the first airflow openings;

[0010] When the annular airflow regulating block is rotated, the annular airflow regulating block has at least two states. In the first state, the regulating port and the first airflow opening are coaxially aligned. In the second state, the regulating port and the first airflow opening are intersected.

[0011] Preferably, an annular rotating block is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the gas distributor body. The annular rotating block is located outside the nozzle sleeve. The annular airflow regulating block and the annular rotating block are connected by a connecting rod. An angle scale is provided on the outer surface of the annular rotating block.

[0012] Preferably, the nozzle sleeve is provided with an air gap adjustment sleeve, which is shielded outside the second airflow opening, and there is a gap between the air gap adjustment sleeve and the first sleeve. The air gap adjustment sleeve is threadedly connected to the nozzle sleeve, and the gap height between the air gap adjustment sleeve and the curved surface can be adjusted when the air gap adjustment sleeve is rotated.

[0013] Preferably, the curved surface is provided with a rotatable blade, the blade has a gap with the curved surface, the blade is fixed to the shaft, the shaft passes through the center of the sleeve and maintains a gap with the inner wall of the sleeve, and a sealing sleeve is provided between the shaft and the sleeve for axial sealing.

[0014] Preferably, an outer sleeve is provided outside the shaft, the outer sleeve is sealed to the nozzle sleeve, and the nozzle sleeve is provided with an interface for input to the second airflow port, or the outer sleeve is provided with an interface for input to the second airflow port.

[0015] Preferably, the distributor body is provided with a discharge port.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. It can effectively and flexibly adjust the gas injection volume. Different chemical reactions, particle characteristics, and process requirements necessitate different gas flow rates and distribution patterns. This independently adjustable design allows the gas distributor to quickly adapt to various operating conditions.

[0018] 2. When processing particles of different sizes, for small-diameter particles, the opening and closing degree of the lower inlet can be reduced to avoid excessive impact of airflow on the particles; for large-diameter particles, the opening and closing degree of the inlet can be increased to enhance the fluidization effect.

[0019] 3. During the reaction, fluctuations in gas flow rate and pressure can affect the stability of fluidization. Independently adjusting the opening and closing degree of the gas inlet can promptly compensate for gas flow rate fluctuations caused by factors such as reaction consumption and equipment temperature changes. When gas consumption is rapid in the initial stage of the reaction, the opening and closing degree of the inlet can be appropriately increased to maintain a stable gas flow rate and pressure, ensuring the stability of gas-micro solid particle fluidization, reducing problems such as channeling and short-circuiting gas channels caused by unstable gas flow, and extending the continuous stable operation time of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical reactor.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the gas distributor body Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gas distributor body Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas distributor body and the annular airflow regulating block in the first state.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas distributor body and the annular airflow regulating block in the second state.

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the gas distributor body Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas distributor body Figure 2 .

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Reactor body; 100. Shell; 101. Material inlet; 102. Exhaust port; 103. Pressure sensor; 104. Input interface; 105. Input interface two; 106. Input interface three; 21. Gas distributor body; 210. Discharge port; 211. Curved surface; 212. First airflow opening; 22. Nozzle sleeve; 220. Second airflow opening; 23. Nut; 24. Air gap adjustment sleeve; 25. Outer sleeve; 251. Interface section; 26. Rotating body; 27. Blade; 31. Annular airflow regulating block; 311. Adjustment port; 312. Connecting rod; 32. Annular rotating block; 33. Angle scale. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] Example

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-7 The gas distributor described in this application is used for a vertical reactor. This vertical reactor can be used to prepare composite materials by chemical vapor infiltration and chemical vapor deposition. By introducing substrate particles and reactive gases into the interior of the vertical reactor and controlling the internal conditions of the vertical reactor, the reactive gases react and deposit on the surface of the substrate particles or penetrate into the internal micropores of the substrate particles.

[0031] The vertical reactor, which has already made technological contributions to the existing technology, has been granted relevant patent applications. This embodiment combines... Figure 1 The reactor is illustrated by way of example.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the reactor includes a shell 100. The top of the shell 100 has a raw material inlet 101, an exhaust port 102 and a pressure sensor 103. The bottom of the shell 100 has an input interface 104 and an input interface 105. The input interface 104 is located on the central axis of the shell, and the input interface 105 is located outside the input interface 104 and is set in an oblique insertion state. The middle part of the shell 100 has an input interface 106. Three thermal couplers 107 are arranged inside the shell 100.

[0033] The exterior of the housing 100 is provided with multiple heating zones, mainly composed of heating wires, with some heating zones located above it.

[0034] Specifically, the shell 100 is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 40-50 cm and a length of 360-370 cm. The reactor can accommodate 30-150 kg of granular porous carbon support, which is far greater than the 20 kg single-batch processing capacity of the current horizontal CVI reactors in the industry.

[0035] A conical section is also provided at the bottom of the shell, and the angle between the generatrix of the conical section and the central axis of the shell 100 is set to 10-20° to prevent material from piling up at the bottom of the shell.

[0036] Based on the aforementioned reactor, this application makes a further technical contribution by providing a gas distributor body 21 and its included nozzle portion. The gas distributor body 21 is disposed at the small opening end of the cone, which makes the contact and fluidization behavior between the gas and micro solid particles in the gas distributor and the reaction gas more stable and uniform, and eliminates the situation of dead material area at the bottom of the reactor, so that the chemical gas phase infiltration reaction can be uniformly completed on each nano / or submicron particle.

[0037] Regarding the carrier gas input, this application describes a method where the carrier gas enters the reactor via different paths during operation. One path of carrier gas enters through a first gas flow opening 212 on the curved surface 211 of the gas distributor body 21. The first gas flow opening 212 is arranged at a tangential angle towards the outlet gas of the curved surface 211, which allows the gas to enter the reactor at a specific angle.

[0038] According to fluid mechanics principles, gas entering at a tangential angle will form a vortex flow within the reactor. This vortex flow has a strong stirring effect, enhancing the mixing of gas and materials and allowing the carrier gas to be more evenly distributed within the reactor.

[0039] For the input of the reactant gas, the reactant gas formed by mixing the carrier gas with the reaction precursor enters through the second airflow opening 220 at the center of the nozzle curved surface 211. The second airflow opening 220 is arranged radially towards the output gas of the curved surface 211, which allows the reactant gas to diffuse evenly in all directions and meet with the carrier gas entering from the first airflow opening 212 within the distributor body, further promoting gas mixing.

[0040] In this application, when regulating the gas flow rate, specifically when regulating the flow rate at the first airflow opening 212, an adjustable airflow regulating part is provided at the input gas position of the first airflow opening 212. Specifically, this is an annular airflow regulating block 31 coaxially rotatably connected to the bottom of the distributor body. The annular airflow regulating block 31 has a number of regulating ports 311 evenly distributed on it, corresponding to the number of regulating ports 311 corresponding to the first airflow opening 212. When the annular airflow regulating block 31 is rotated, the relative positions of the regulating ports 311 and the first airflow opening 212 change.

[0041] In the first state, the regulating port 311 and the first airflow opening 212 are coaxially aligned and coincident. At this time, the effective flow area of ​​the first airflow opening 212 is the largest and the carrier gas flow rate is the largest.

[0042] In the second state, the regulating port 311 and the first airflow opening 212 are intersected, reducing the effective flow area and consequently decreasing the gas flow rate. Operators can manually rotate the annular rotating block 32 connected to the annular airflow regulating block 31 to precisely adjust the intake flow rate of the first airflow opening 212 using the angle scale on the outer surface of the annular rotating block 32. Automated adjustment can also be achieved by driving the annular rotating block 32 with an external drive motor.

[0043] Flow velocity adjustment at the second gas flow opening 220: An air gap adjusting sleeve 24 is threadedly connected to the nozzle sleeve 22 and shields the outside of the second gas flow opening 220. Rotating the air gap adjusting sleeve 24 adjusts the gap height between the air gap adjusting sleeve 24 and the curved surface 211. According to Bernoulli's principle in fluid mechanics, the change in gap height affects the gas flow velocity, thereby adjusting the flow velocity of the input reaction gas and optimizing the gas flow state.

[0044] Thus, with the assistance of the gas distributor body 21 and its included nozzles, the gas injection volume can be effectively and flexibly adjusted. Different chemical reactions, particle characteristics, and process requirements necessitate different gas flow rates and distribution patterns. This independently adjustable design allows the gas distributor to quickly adapt to various operating conditions.

[0045] When processing particles of different sizes, for small-diameter particles, the opening and closing degree of the lower inlet can be reduced to avoid excessive impact of airflow on the particles; for large-diameter particles, the opening and closing degree of the inlet can be increased to enhance the fluidization effect.

[0046] Furthermore, fluctuations in gas flow rate and pressure during the reaction process can affect the stability of fluidization. Independently adjusting the opening and closing degree of the inlet can promptly compensate for gas flow rate fluctuations caused by factors such as reaction consumption and equipment temperature changes. When gas consumption is rapid in the initial stage of the reaction, the opening and closing degree of the inlet can be appropriately increased to maintain a stable gas flow rate and pressure, ensuring the stability of gas-micro solid particle fluidization, reducing problems such as channeling and short-circuiting gas channels caused by unstable gas flow, and extending the continuous stable operation time of the equipment.

[0047] The distributor body is directly or indirectly connected to the reactor. The distributor body has a concave curved surface 211, which is located inside the reactor. A first airflow opening 212 is provided on the curved surface 211. The other end of the first airflow opening 212 is located outside the reactor, so that carrier gas is delivered into the reactor through the first airflow opening 212, forming one of the two airflow paths.

[0048] Specifically, the concave curved surface 211 of the gas distributor body 21 can be a sphere, a parabola, or other curved surface 211 with similar gas guiding effect to adapt to different application scenarios and gas flow requirements, and can effectively form vortex airflow.

[0049] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the first airflow opening 212 and / or the second airflow opening 220 is not limited, for example, circular, square, triangular, or other polygonal or other regular or irregular shapes, with circular being the optimal choice.

[0050] Specifically, the distributor body is provided with a through hole, which is coaxial with the rotation axis of the curved surface 211. A nozzle sleeve 22 is fixed inside the through hole. One end of the nozzle sleeve 22 extends into the curved surface 211 (i.e., the inside of the reactor). The end of the nozzle sleeve 22 extending into the curved surface 211 is provided with a radially arranged second airflow opening 220. The carrier gas is transported from the outside to the inside of the reactor through the second airflow opening 220, forming another of the two airflow paths.

[0051] The reaction gas formed by mixing the precursor gas and the carrier gas is introduced into the distributor body radially through the second gas flow opening 220 after being input through the bottom of the nozzle sleeve 22. Meanwhile, the carrier gas is separately blown into the distributor body at a tangential angle from the first gas flow opening 212. The reaction gas injected into the distributor body and the carrier gas injected into the distributor body meet to form a vortex airflow. This vortex airflow then rises along the long axis of the reactor and is blown into the gas-micro solid particle fluidized bed suspended above the reactor for washing, heat exchange, pyrolysis of the precursor gas, and deposition. The residual gas and carrier gas after the reaction are completed then gradually move toward the exhaust port 102 at the top of the reactor and are discharged.

[0052] Specifically, an air gap adjustment sleeve 24 is also provided on the nozzle sleeve 22. The nozzle sleeve 22 is connected to the nozzle sleeve 22 by a threaded connection. By rotating the air gap adjustment sleeve 24 to adjust the degree of screwing between the air gap adjustment sleeve 24 and the curved surface 211, the flow rate of the input reaction gas can be adjusted.

[0053] There is no contact between the air gap adjusting sleeve 24 and the nozzle sleeve 22 except at the threaded connection, and there is a gap between the main body of the air gap adjusting sleeve 24 and the nozzle sleeve 22. This gap can guide the gas output from the second airflow opening 220 to change direction vertically downward. Then, through the gap between the air gap adjusting sleeve 24 and the curved surface 211, the downward airflow is changed again into a radial airflow that is radially blown onto the surface of the curved surface 211 and mixed with the swirling air to form an upward vortex.

[0054] The main body of the distributor is provided with a discharge port 210, which is connected to the discharge valve. The discharge valve can be controlled to open and close, and the particulate material inside the reactor is discharged through the discharge port 210 after the reaction is completed.

[0055] The distributor body is also provided with a blade 27 within the curved surface 211. The blade has a rotating shaft, which coincides with the rotation axis of the curved surface 211, so that the blade can rotate within the curved surface 211.

[0056] During chemical vapor deposition / permeation reactions in the reactor, some micro-solid particles may occasionally settle to the bottom of the reactor due to the reduced velocity of the rising vortex airflow near the inner wall of the reactor. These particles then flow into and accumulate on the curved surface 211 of the distributor body. The rotating blades then push and agitate these micro-solid particles, which are then mixed with the rising vortex airflow formed in the distributor body and move upwards. They are then blown back into the suspended gas-micro-solid particle fluidized body above, repeating the above reaction process. In this way, the gas distributor can recover the blown-up deposited solid micro-particles.

[0057] On the other hand, the adjustment of the blade rotation speed, the flow rate or velocity of the rising vortex airflow, and the ratio of carrier gas to reactant gas flow rate can interrupt the continuous air channels and channels formed by the airflow in the material and near the inner wall of the reactor from time to time, eliminating the phenomenon of airflow short-circuiting. The flow rate and bubble size of the gas entering the gas-micro solid particle fluidized body can be appropriately adjusted, thereby helping to stabilize the fluid of the gas-micro solid particle fluidization and thus eliminating or reducing the formation of unstable short-circuit air channels.

[0058] Specifically, the blade can be connected to the end of the shaft via a nut 23, and the other end of the shaft is connected to an external drive unit via a coupling, which drives the shaft to rotate the blade.

[0059] In the implementation plan, the tightening direction of the threaded connection between the blade and the shaft is opposite to the blade's rotation direction. When the blade should be driven to rotate clockwise, it needs to rotate counterclockwise to be tightened with the shaft.

[0060] The blades and shaft can also be connected in other ways, such as by welding, bolt-assisted fixing, or a combination of various fixed connections.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A gas distributor nozzle, characterized in that, The device includes a gas distributor body and a nozzle section. The gas distributor body has a concave curved surface, and at least one first airflow opening is arranged on the curved surface. The nozzle section is disposed on the curved surface, and at least one second airflow opening is arranged at the center of the curved surface. The first airflow opening is located outside the second airflow opening. The first airflow opening is arranged at a tangential angle to the gas output of the curved surface, and the second airflow opening is arranged radially to the gas output of the curved surface. The first airflow opening has an adjustable airflow regulating part at its inlet gas position. The airflow regulating part is used to change the effective flow area at the inlet gas position of the first airflow opening to regulate the gas flow rate.

2. A gas distributor nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributor body has a through hole at its axial center, and the nozzle part includes a nozzle sleeve that is sealed and connected to the through hole. The number of the second airflow openings is multiple, and the multiple second airflow openings are centrally symmetrically distributed in the nozzle part.

3. A gas distributor nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first airflow openings is multiple, and the multiple first airflow openings are evenly or non-uniformly distributed in a ring on the curved surface. The tangent angle of the first airflow openings to the curved surface ranges from 30° to 60°.

4. A gas distributor nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first airflow opening is arranged parallel to the horizontal reference plane of the gas distributor body at the outlet of the curved surface, and the air inlet of the first airflow opening is arranged parallel to the vertical reference plane of the gas distributor body. The air inlets of the multiple first airflow openings are evenly arranged at the bottom of the gas distributor body.

5. A gas distributor nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The airflow adjustment unit includes an annular airflow adjustment block coaxially rotatably connected to the bottom of the distributor body, and the annular airflow adjustment block has a number of adjustment ports evenly distributed on it, corresponding to the number of the first airflow openings. When the annular airflow regulating block is rotated, the annular airflow regulating block has at least two states. In the first state, the regulating port and the first airflow opening are coaxially aligned. In the second state, the regulating port and the first airflow opening are intersected.

6. A gas distributor nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: A ring-shaped rotating block is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the gas distributor body. The ring-shaped rotating block is located outside the nozzle sleeve. The ring-shaped airflow regulating block and the ring-shaped rotating block are connected by a connecting rod. An angle scale is provided on the outer surface of the ring-shaped rotating block.

7. A gas distributor nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air gap adjustment sleeve is provided on the nozzle sleeve. The air gap adjustment sleeve is shielded outside the second airflow opening, and there is a gap between the air gap adjustment sleeve and the first sleeve. The air gap adjustment sleeve is threadedly connected to the nozzle sleeve. When the air gap adjustment sleeve is rotated, the gap height between the air gap adjustment sleeve and the curved surface can be adjusted.

8. A gas distributor nozzle according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The curved surface is provided with a rotatable blade, and there is a gap between the blade and the curved surface. The blade is fixed to the shaft, and the shaft passes through the center of the first sleeve and maintains a gap with the inner wall of the first sleeve. A sealing sleeve is provided between the shaft and the first sleeve for axial sealing.

9. The gas distributor nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that, An outer sleeve is also provided outside the shaft. The outer sleeve is sealed to the nozzle sleeve. The nozzle sleeve is provided with an interface for the input of the second airflow port, or the outer sleeve is provided with an interface for the input of the second airflow port.

10. The gas distributor nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The distributor body is provided with a discharge port.

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