Battery cluster rack air duct structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of battery cluster frame air duct structures, including battery cluster frame, air duct mechanism and refrigeration air supply mechanism, the inside of battery cluster frame is provided with three left and right parallel interval arrangement air supply channel, air duct mechanism includes the air duct box body of being fixed in the top of battery cluster frame, the front middle part of air duct box body is equipped with the cold air inlet of being communicated with the air supply port of refrigeration air supply mechanism, air duct box body inside is provided with the air supply baffle of being inclined to front, the front side of air supply baffle is symmetrically provided with two shunt components, the side of two shunt components away from air duct box body interior center and air duct box and air supply baffle between respectively form two first shunt channels, the side of two shunt components close to air duct box center and air duct box and air supply baffle between form second shunt channel.The utility model effectively solves or slows down the problem of excessive temperature difference of battery cluster up and down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery cluster rack air duct structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid iteration of new energy technologies, the performance requirements for energy storage systems and power batteries continue to rise, especially in terms of breakthroughs in both power output and driving range. To meet this trend, the design of battery clusters has to evolve towards higher energy density, resulting in a significant increase in the size and height of battery clusters.

[0003] However, current mainstream heat dissipation solutions still primarily rely on air cooling technology. While this technology can achieve basic heat dissipation balance when dealing with miniaturized, low-power battery clusters, its shortcomings are becoming increasingly apparent when adapting to larger battery clusters. As the height of the battery cluster increases, the airflow path for cooling also lengthens, typically reaching 2 meters. When cold air is introduced from the top inlet, it continuously exchanges heat with the battery modules as it descends, gradually increasing its temperature. This results in the bottom battery temperature being more than 20°C higher than the top. This excessive temperature difference causes an imbalance in the chemical reaction rate within the battery cluster, leading to a decrease in the overall capacity of the cluster and a widening difference in capacity between individual cells. Simultaneously, it increases the pressure on the BMS (Battery Management System), requiring frequent adjustments to the charging and discharging strategy to balance the temperature. However, when the temperature difference is too large, the BMS may not be able to fully compensate for the performance differences, leading to reduced system efficiency or protective shutdown. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery cluster rack air duct structure to solve or mitigate the problem of excessive temperature difference between the top and bottom of the battery cluster in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A battery cluster rack air duct structure includes a battery cluster rack, an air duct mechanism, and a cooling air supply mechanism. The battery cluster rack has three air supply channels arranged side by side at intervals inside. Multiple vertically distributed air-cooled battery modules are arranged between two adjacent air supply channels.

[0007] The air duct mechanism includes an air duct box fixed to the top of the battery cluster. A cold air inlet communicating with the air outlet of the cooling air supply mechanism is opened in the center of the front of the air duct box. An air supply baffle that is tilted forward is provided inside the air duct box. Two diverting components are symmetrically arranged on the front side of the air supply baffle. The side of the two diverting components away from the center of the air duct box forms two first diverting channels with the air duct box and the air supply baffle, respectively. The cross-sectional area of ​​the two first diverting channels gradually decreases and communicates with the air supply channels located on the left and right sides, respectively. The side of the two diverting components closer to the center of the air duct box forms a second diverting channel with the air duct box and the air supply baffle, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second diverting channel gradually decreases and communicates with the air supply channel located in the middle.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the air supply baffle is located in the middle and slightly rear position inside the air duct box.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the width of the cold air inlet is greater than the distance between the front ends of the two diverter components.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the diverter is V-shaped.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the angle between the side of the diverter that is away from the center of the air duct box and the air supply baffle is smaller than the angle between the other side and the air supply baffle.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the bottom front of the battery cluster rack is provided with an air outlet channel that connects to the outside, and all three air supply channels are connected to the air outlet channel.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air-cooled battery module includes an air-cooled housing, a cell assembly disposed within the air-cooled housing, and an exhaust fan disposed at the front end of the air-cooled housing. An air outlet is provided on the front of the air-cooled housing corresponding to the position of the exhaust fan, and air inlets are provided on both the left and right sides of the air-cooled housing.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the left and right sides of the air-cooled box are provided with a plurality of vertical strip-shaped air inlets along the front-back direction, and the air inlet area of ​​the air inlet is smaller the closer it is to the exhaust fan.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the air inlet is composed of multiple internal hexagonal holes.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the plurality of air inlets are distributed in a stepped manner.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] The battery cluster rack air duct structure provided by this utility model, through the diversion design of the air duct mechanism, allows the cold air to sink evenly in the three air supply channels, reducing the phenomenon of low cold air temperature at the top and high cold air temperature at the bottom in traditional air cooling technology, significantly reducing the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the battery cluster, making the internal chemical reaction rate of the battery cluster more balanced, and reducing the need for the BMS to frequently adjust the charging and discharging strategy due to excessive temperature difference. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cluster frame air duct structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cluster frame air duct structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct mechanism without the top shell in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the air duct mechanism without the top shell in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-cooled battery module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air-cooled battery module without its top shell in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram,

[0028] 1. Battery cluster rack; 11. Air supply channel; 12. Air outlet channel; 2. Air duct mechanism; 21. Air duct housing; 211. Cold air inlet; 22. Air supply baffle; 23. Diverter; 24. First diverter channel; 25. Second diverter channel; 3. Cooling air supply mechanism; 4. Air-cooled battery module; 41. Air-cooled housing; 411. Air outlet; 412. Air inlet; 42. Battery cell assembly; 43. Exhaust fan. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. It is also declared that the embodiments described below are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly defined. Indications of orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used in the application's product, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a number of technical features. "A plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 5The present invention provides a battery cluster rack air duct structure, including a battery cluster rack 1, an air duct mechanism 2 and a cooling air supply mechanism 3. The battery cluster rack 1 has three air supply channels 11 arranged side by side at intervals inside. Multiple vertically distributed air-cooled battery modules 4 are arranged between two adjacent air supply channels 11, forming an alternating layout of channels and modules, providing physical space for heat exchange between cold air and air-cooled battery modules 4. The air duct mechanism 2 includes an air duct box 21 fixed to the top of the battery cluster frame 1. A cold air inlet 211, which communicates with the air outlet of the cooling air supply mechanism 3, is opened in the center of the front of the air duct box 21. An air supply baffle 22 that is tilted forward is provided inside the air duct box 21. Two diverting components 23 are symmetrically arranged on the front side of the air supply baffle 22. The side of the two diverting components 23 away from the center of the air duct box 21 forms two first diverting channels 24 between the air duct box 21 and the air supply baffle 22. The cross-sectional area of ​​the two first diverting channels 24 gradually decreases and they communicate with the air supply channels 11 located on the left and right sides, respectively. The side of the two diverting components 23 near the center of the air duct box 21 forms a second diverting channel 25 between the air duct box 21 and the air supply baffle 22. The cross-sectional area of ​​the second diverting channel 25 gradually decreases and it communicates with the air supply channel 11 located in the middle.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cooling air supply mechanism 3 serves as the source of cold air, connecting to the cold air inlet 211 of the duct housing 21 via the air outlet to provide a stable supply of cold air. The forward-tilted air supply baffle 22 reduces the rebound resistance of the cold air and minimizes air pressure loss. The two diverting components 23, together with the duct housing 21 and the air supply baffle 22, form two first diverting channels 24 and one second diverting channel 25, achieving three-way diversion of cold air, corresponding to the left, middle, and right air supply channels 11 of the battery cluster 1, respectively, ensuring that each channel has an independent supply of cold air. At the same time, the diverting components 23 gradually reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the first diverting channel 24 and the second diverting channel 25, using the narrowing effect to increase the air pressure at the end of the channel, compensating for the air pressure attenuation caused by the path length, ensuring that the bottom air supply pressure is close to that at the top, and further improving the uniformity of the vertical air supply.

[0033] The battery cluster rack air duct structure in this embodiment, through the diversion design of the air duct mechanism 2, allows the cold air to sink evenly in the three air supply channels 11, reducing the phenomenon of low temperature cold air at the top and high temperature cold air at the bottom in traditional air cooling technology, significantly reducing the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the battery cluster, making the internal chemical reaction rate of the battery cluster more balanced, and reducing the need for the BMS to frequently adjust the charging and discharging strategy due to excessive temperature difference.

[0034] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5In one embodiment, the air supply baffle 22 is located in the middle rear position inside the air duct housing 21. The air supply baffle 22 is tilted forward and located in the middle rear position of the air duct housing 21, which can further optimize the contact path between the cold air and the air supply baffle 22, ensuring that more air pressure can act on the first diversion channel 24 and the second diversion channel 25, laying the foundation for uniform air supply in the three air supply channels 11.

[0035] Please see Figure 4 In one embodiment, the width of the cold air inlet 211 is greater than the distance between the front ends of the two splitter components 23. The wider cold air inlet 211 provides a more balanced initial airflow basis for the two first splitter channels 24 and one second splitter channel 25, preventing insufficient airflow distribution in the two first splitter channels 24 due to insufficient inlet width, and further improving the uniformity of airflow distribution.

[0036] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 In one embodiment, the diverter 23 is V-shaped. The inclined side of the V-shaped diverter 23 can guide the cold air to flow along a preset path, reducing the vertical impact between the cold air and the diverter 23 and the air supply baffle 22. Combined with the inclined angle of the air supply baffle 22, it further reduces the overall wind resistance and rebound loss, and improves the wind pressure utilization rate.

[0037] Furthermore, the angle between the side of the diverter 23 away from the center of the air duct box 21 and the air supply baffle 22 is smaller than the angle between the other side and the air supply baffle 22, making the initial opening of the first diverter channel 24 on both sides wider, while the initial opening of the second diverter channel 25 in the middle is narrower, thereby making the cold air distribution of the left, middle and right air supply channels 11 more balanced.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 In one embodiment, the bottom front of the battery cluster rack 1 is provided with an air outlet duct 12 that connects to the outside, and three air supply ducts 11 are all connected to the air outlet duct 12. The three air supply ducts 11 are connected to the bottom air outlet duct 12, so that the cold air forms a complete airflow path of upward supply and downward exhaust in the battery cluster rack 1, avoiding the cold air from stagnating between modules, ensuring that the hot air after heat exchange is effectively discharged, and improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0039] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7In one embodiment, the air-cooled battery module 4 includes an air-cooled housing 41, a battery cell assembly 42 disposed within the air-cooled housing 41, and an exhaust fan 43 disposed at the front end of the air-cooled housing 41. An air outlet 411 is provided on the front of the air-cooled housing 41 corresponding to the exhaust fan 43, and air inlets 412 are provided on both the left and right sides of the air-cooled housing 41. Since the exhaust fan 43 is located on the air outlet side of the module, when the exhaust fan 43 is working, it can draw cold air from the air inlets 412 on both sides of the module through negative pressure, forming forced convection, thereby efficiently removing the heat generated by the battery cell assembly 42.

[0040] Furthermore, to reduce the temperature difference between the front and rear of the module, multiple vertically shaped air inlets 412 are provided on both the left and right sides of the air-cooled housing 41 along the front-to-back direction. The air inlets 412 closer to the exhaust fan 43 have smaller air intake areas, and the multiple air inlets 412 are distributed in a stepped manner. Since the airflow is weaker the further away from the exhaust fan 43, by controlling the airflow of the front and rear air inlets 412 and increasing the air intake area at the far end, the actual airflow at the front and rear ends of the module tends to be balanced, which can reduce the temperature difference caused by uneven airflow.

[0041] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 In one embodiment, the air inlet 412 is composed of multiple hexagonal holes. Compared to round or square holes, hexagonal holes provide higher structural support at the same opening ratio, reducing the risk of deformation of the air-cooled housing 41, while maintaining sufficient air intake area.

[0042] In one embodiment, the cooling air supply mechanism 3 is an air conditioner. As a mature refrigeration device, the air conditioner can continuously output cold air with stable temperature and air volume, ensuring that the flow distribution design of the air duct mechanism 2 can function based on stable initial air pressure.

[0043] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

[0044] The present utility model patent has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation of the present utility model patent is not limited to the above-described manner. Any improvements made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present utility model patent, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present utility model patent to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery cluster frame air duct structure, characterized in that, It includes a battery cluster frame, an air duct mechanism, and a cooling air supply mechanism. The battery cluster frame has three air supply channels arranged side by side at intervals inside. Multiple vertically distributed air-cooled battery modules are arranged between two adjacent air supply channels. The air duct mechanism includes an air duct box fixed to the top of the battery cluster. A cold air inlet communicating with the air outlet of the cooling air supply mechanism is opened in the center of the front of the air duct box. An air supply baffle that is tilted forward is provided inside the air duct box. Two diverting components are symmetrically arranged on the front side of the air supply baffle. The side of the two diverting components away from the center of the air duct box forms two first diverting channels with the air duct box and the air supply baffle, respectively. The cross-sectional area of ​​the two first diverting channels gradually decreases and communicates with the air supply channels located on the left and right sides, respectively. The side of the two diverting components closer to the center of the air duct box forms a second diverting channel with the air duct box and the air supply baffle, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second diverting channel gradually decreases and communicates with the air supply channel located in the middle.

2. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply baffle is located inside the air duct box, slightly towards the rear center.

3. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the cold air inlet is greater than the distance between the front ends of the two splitter components.

4. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diverter is V-shaped.

5. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The angle between the side of the diverter furthest from the center of the air duct box and the air supply baffle is smaller than the angle between the other side and the air supply baffle.

6. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom front of the battery cluster rack is provided with an air outlet channel that connects to the outside, and all three air supply channels are connected to the air outlet channel.

7. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-cooled battery module includes an air-cooled housing, a cell assembly disposed inside the air-cooled housing, and an exhaust fan disposed at the front end of the air-cooled housing. An air outlet is provided on the front of the air-cooled housing corresponding to the position of the exhaust fan, and air inlets are provided on both the left and right sides of the air-cooled housing.

8. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air-cooled box has multiple vertical strip-shaped air inlets on both its left and right sides along the front-to-back direction, and the air inlet area of ​​the air inlets closer to the exhaust fan is smaller.

9. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air inlet is composed of multiple internal hexagonal holes.

10. The battery cluster frame air duct structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The multiple air inlets are arranged in a stepped pattern.

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