Hydrothermal cracking device of horizontal structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrothermal cracking device of horizontal structure, including jar body, feed inlet and the heat conducting oil pipe of setting in the jar body. The jar body includes the straight section of jar body of center line horizontal arrangement, sets up the head at the both ends of straight section of jar body, and sets up the discharge cone section at the bottom center of straight section of jar body, and sets up the discharge port at the bottom of discharge cone section. The feed inlet sets up two, and symmetrically arranges at the top of straight section of jar body. The middle part and below of jar body are provided with a plurality of steam spouts, can spray into steam, and heat and turn over the material that enters the jar body. The outer wall surface of head is provided with electric heating device, and the outer wall surface of discharge port is provided with electric tracing. The utility model has the advantages of short feeding time, even feeding, even heating, good product quality, saving investment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis device, and more particularly to a hydrothermal pyrolysis reaction device for conditioning organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, agricultural product processing residues, and forestry waste, belonging to the fields of environmental protection technology and pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] On the one hand, with the development of rural animal husbandry, the pollution of rural water, air, and soil caused by livestock manure has also attracted attention. Without effective treatment, pathogens, hormones, antibiotics, and other toxic substances can enter the soil and water bodies through the agricultural use of livestock manure, posing a deep threat to the environment and also entering the food chain, causing food safety issues. Furthermore, the on-site burning of straw is one of the important causes of air pollution. On the other hand, the large-scale use of chemical fertilizers in rural areas leads to soil compaction and decreased fertility. Fertilizer residues not only endanger food safety but also exacerbate water and soil pollution and waste a large amount of resources. As the public's awareness of the environment increases, organic waste such as livestock manure, straw, and agricultural product processing residues in rural areas cannot be simply discarded or burned, while the cost of collecting and incinerating them is relatively high. High-pressure sterilization, hydrolysis, and subsequent fermentation to produce fertilizer from these organic wastes is undoubtedly an effective resource-based treatment method.

[0003] High-pressure hydrothermal pyrolysis is a crucial step in fertilizer production. However, when using manure, straw, and other agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials in a hydrothermal reactor, the complex composition and varying properties of these materials necessitate a highly sophisticated design for the reactor's heat transfer structure, which often differs from that used in conventional chemical reactions involving homogeneous materials. These high-pressure hydrothermal reactors must withstand pressure, high temperatures, and corrosion. Furthermore, fertilizer production processes often involve batch reactions, with multiple heating-cooling-heating cycles daily, placing significant demands on the reactor's resistance to thermal fatigue.

[0004] Currently, high-pressure hydrothermal reactors used for fertilizer production are typically vertically arranged, meaning the main body of the unit is positioned vertically, with the feed inlet usually located on the axis. While this avoids uneven distribution of materials laterally, vertical units are prone to uneven material distribution between the upper and lower parts of the plant. Furthermore, their excessive height not only makes the plant building too tall but also necessitates a correspondingly taller feeding system, increasing investment costs, feeding time, and maintenance difficulties. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis device, which greatly reduces the height of the reaction device, sets up multiple feed ports to greatly accelerate the feeding speed, and uses various heating measures to make the materials in the reaction device more uniformly heated, thereby improving product quality, significantly saving investment and improving product production efficiency.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0007] A horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis unit includes a tank body, a feed inlet, and a heat-conducting oil pipe disposed within the tank body. The tank body includes a straight section arranged horizontally along its centerline, end caps disposed at both ends of the straight section, a discharge cone section disposed at the bottom of the straight section, and a discharge port disposed at the bottom of the discharge cone section. Two feed inlets are provided, symmetrically arranged at the top of the straight section. Several steam nozzles are provided in the middle and lower part of the tank body, which can inject steam to heat and agitate the material entering the tank body. An electric heating device is provided on the outer wall of the end caps. An electric heat tracing device is provided on the outer wall of the discharge port.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the heat-conducting oil pipe includes a straight section heat-conducting oil coil arranged around the straight section of the tank body, the straight section heat-conducting oil coil being arranged with the horizontal center line of the tank body as the axis and attached to the inner wall of the straight section of the tank body; it also includes a conical section heat-conducting oil coil arranged around the discharge cone section, the conical section heat-conducting oil coil being arranged with the vertical center line of the discharge cone section as the axis and attached to the inner wall of the discharge cone section; and a heat-conducting oil pipe array arranged at the center of the tank body.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the heat-conducting oil pipe is made of finned tube.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the electric heating device on the outer wall of the end cap is set up with segmented independent temperature control.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model include:

[0012] 1) The reaction unit adopts a horizontal layout, which reduces the height of the plant and the height of the feeding system, thus significantly saving investment.

[0013] 2) The reaction device is arranged horizontally and has two feed inlets, which shortens the feeding time and promotes the uniformity of feeding.

[0014] 3) The tank body adopts a straight section with a head and is equipped with different heating methods, which enhances the thermal fatigue resistance of the reaction device.

[0015] 4) The three heating methods of heat transfer oil, steam and electric heating complement each other, and the steam is injected into the turning of materials, which makes the heating inside the tank more uniform and the product quality higher. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis device involved in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the heat-conducting oil pipes involved in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented temperature control arrangement of the end cap electric heating device involved in this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1 - Straight section of tank body; 2 - End cap; 3 - Inlet; 4 - Conical section of discharge; 5-1 - Right straight section heat transfer oil coil; 5-2 - Left straight section heat transfer oil coil; 5-3 - Conical section heat transfer oil coil; 5-4 - Heat transfer oil pipe array; 6 - Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments and working process of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, and back used in this application are based on the positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. Different drawings may result in different positional relationships, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection. In the following descriptions of embodiments, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] The horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis device provided in this application is a high-pressure vessel used to prepare organic fertilizer from rural waste such as livestock and poultry manure (including cow manure, pig manure, and chicken manure) and crop straw. It includes a tank body and a feed inlet 3.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the tank body includes a horizontally arranged straight section 1 and end caps 2 located at both ends of the straight section. The straight section and end caps are configured similarly to a steam drum. Two feed inlets 3 are provided, symmetrically arranged at the top of the straight section 1 along its length. Figure 1 As shown, when the length of the straight section of the tank is horizontal, the feed inlets 3 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the straight section 1. The arrangement of the two feed inlets on the left and right shortens the feeding time and ensures even feeding within the tank. The feed inlets are connected to the feeding system for feeding organic fertilizer raw materials into the tank for reaction. The organic fertilizer raw materials described in this application mainly include livestock and poultry manure (including cow manure, pig manure, and chicken manure), crop straw, and other rural waste or their coarse additives.

[0024] A discharge cone section 4 is located at the center of the bottom of the straight section 1 of the tank, and a discharge port 6 is located at the bottom of the discharge cone section. Both the inlet and outlet are pipe sections as described in this application. A vent valve is located on the side of the inlet 3 to regulate the pressure inside the tank. Both the inlet and outlet are equipped with valves, which are used to control the flow of materials.

[0025] For high-pressure hydrothermal reactions of heterogeneous materials, temperature uniformity is very important and is a crucial factor affecting the quality of organic fertilizer.

[0026] The horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis device described in this application employs three heating methods to enhance the heating uniformity of materials within the tank.

[0027] The tank contains several heat transfer oil pipes, including straight heat transfer oil coils that surround a straight section of the tank. These straight heat transfer oil coils are installed along the inner wall of the straight section of the tank, with the horizontal centerline of the tank as their axis. Preferably, the straight heat transfer oil coils are arranged symmetrically along the length of the tank, with the vertical centerline of the tank as their axis. Figure 1 As shown, the straight-section heat transfer oil coil includes a right straight-section heat transfer oil coil 5-1 and a left straight-section heat transfer oil coil 5-2, which are arranged symmetrically from left to right. The straight-section heat transfer oil coil uses non-equidistant circular coils, which are arranged in a tight manner, with the upper part near the center as the oil inlet and the lower part near the end cap as the oil outlet.

[0028] The inner wall of the discharge cone section 4 is surrounded by a conical heat transfer oil coil 5-3. The conical heat transfer oil coil is set along the inner wall of the discharge cone section with the vertical center line of the discharge cone section as the axis.

[0029] A row of 5-4 heat-conducting oil pipes is installed from top to bottom in the center of the tank body, such as... Figure 2 As shown. Since the heat transfer oil pipe bank 5-4 is immersed in the material, finned tubes are selected for the heat transfer oil pipe bank 5-4, which can prevent the material from sticking to the pipe bank and increase the heat transfer area.

[0030] Electric heating devices are installed on the outer walls of the end caps 2 on both sides of the tank. Preferably, the electric heating devices on the outer walls of the end caps are set up with independent temperature control in sections. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the electric heating device has three temperature control sections: upper, middle, and lower. Temperature measuring points T1, T2, and T3 are arranged in the tank body from top to bottom, close to the end cap 2. The heating power is adjusted according to the temperature of the three points T1, T2, and T3 respectively, and the temperature control accuracy reaches ±2℃.

[0031] Meanwhile, the outer wall of the discharge port 6 is equipped with electric heating to ensure that the material in the discharge area can react fully.

[0032] In addition, several steam nozzles are provided in the middle and lower part of the tank; preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, a total of six steam nozzles are provided, arranged symmetrically on both sides. These are, in order: steam nozzles V1 and V6 located at the center of the two end caps; steam nozzles V2 and V5 located along the lower edge of the end caps; and V3 and V4 located on the outer side of the bottom of the discharge cone section 4. All steam nozzles V2, V3, 4, and V5 are angled upwards. The steam injected from these nozzles not only heats the material and regulates its moisture content, but more importantly, it agitates the material inside the tank, increasing its movement and promoting uniform heat and mass transfer.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal hydrothermal pyrolysis device, comprising a tank, a feed inlet (3), and a heat-conducting oil pipe disposed within the tank; characterized in that, The tank body includes a straight section (1) arranged horizontally along the center line, end caps (2) set at both ends of the straight section, a discharge cone section (4) set at the bottom of the straight section, and a discharge port (6) set at the bottom of the discharge cone section; two inlets (3) are provided, symmetrically arranged at the top of the straight section (1); several steam nozzles are provided in the middle and below of the tank body; an electric heating device is provided on the outer wall of the end caps (2); and an electric heat tracing device is provided on the outer wall of the discharge port (6).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer oil pipe includes a straight section heat transfer oil coil arranged around the straight section of the tank body, the straight section heat transfer oil coil being arranged with the horizontal center line of the tank body as the axis and attached to the inner wall of the straight section of the tank body; it also includes a conical section heat transfer oil coil (5-3) arranged around the discharge cone section, the conical section heat transfer oil coil being arranged with the vertical center line of the discharge cone section as the axis and attached to the inner wall of the discharge cone section; and a heat transfer oil pipe row (5-4) arranged at the center of the tank body.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat transfer oil pipe (5-4) is made of finned tube.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric heating device on the outer wall of the head is set up with independent temperature control in sections.

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