Battery cell, battery device, power consuming device, and energy storage device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a battery monomer, a battery device, a power consumption device and an energy storage device, which can improve the use performance of the battery monomer. The battery monomer comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, an end cover assembly and an insulation and heat insulation layer. The shell comprises a receiving cavity with an opening at one end. The electrode assembly is received in the receiving cavity. The end cover assembly covers the opening. The end cover assembly comprises an end cover and an insulation part. The insulation part is located between the end cover and the electrode assembly. The insulation and heat insulation layer is arranged between the insulation part and the shell. The melting point of the insulation and heat insulation layer is greater than the melting point of the insulation part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry, and electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of this sustainable development. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development.

[0003] In the development of battery technology, besides improving the electrical performance of battery devices, safety is also a crucial issue. For example, thermal runaway in one battery cell can cause the temperature of adjacent cells to rise, increasing the risk of thermal runaway in those cells and reducing the safety of the original battery cell. If the safety of a battery cell cannot be guaranteed, it becomes unusable, reducing its performance. Therefore, improving the performance of battery cells has become a pressing technical problem in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device, which can improve the performance of the battery cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, a battery cell is provided, comprising: a housing including a receiving cavity having an opening at one end; an electrode assembly received in the receiving cavity; an end cap assembly covering the opening, the end cap assembly including an end cap and an insulating member, the insulating member being located between the end cap and the electrode assembly; and an insulating and heat-insulating layer disposed between the insulating member and the housing, the insulating and heat-insulating layer having a melting point greater than that of the insulating member.

[0006] In this embodiment, by setting the insulating component to include an insulating and heat-insulating layer, which is disposed between the insulating component of the battery cell and the casing, and the melting point of the insulating and heat-insulating layer is greater than the melting point of the insulating component, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component can be reduced when the temperature of the battery cell rises. At the same time, the insulating performance and high temperature resistance of the insulating component are taken into account, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the material of the insulating and heat-insulating layer includes at least one of the following: silicone resin, methylphenyl silicone resin, zirconium oxide, and epoxy resin.

[0008] In this embodiment of the application, the material of the insulating and heat-insulating layer is set to include at least one of the following: silicone resin, methyl phenyl silicone resin, zirconium trioxide, and epoxy resin, so as to take into account both the high temperature resistance and insulation performance of the insulating and heat-insulating layer. In order to effectively reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by the melting of the insulating component due to melting of the battery cell, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the insulating heat insulation layer includes a first insulating heat insulation layer, which is fixedly connected to the side of the insulating component facing the electrode assembly.

[0010] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the insulating heat insulation layer to include a first insulating heat insulation layer, and the first insulating heat insulation layer is fixedly connected to the side of the insulating component facing the electrode assembly, when the temperature of the battery cell rises, the first insulating heat insulation layer can effectively reduce the risk of the battery cell short circuit caused by the melting of the insulating component, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first insulating layer covers the orthographic projection of the insulating component on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly.

[0012] In this embodiment, by setting the orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer to cover the orthographic projection of the insulating component on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component can be further reduced when the temperature of the battery cell rises, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the insulating heat insulation layer further includes a second insulating heat insulation layer disposed between the end cap and the insulating component.

[0014] In this embodiment, by including a second insulating layer between the end cap and the insulating component, the insulating layer can protect the insulating component when the temperature of the battery cell rises, effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second insulating and heat-insulating layer is fixedly connected to the insulating component, and / or the second insulating and heat-insulating layer is fixedly connected to the end cap.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the second insulating and heat-insulating layer to be fixedly connected to the insulating component, and / or by setting the second insulating and heat-insulating layer to be fixedly connected to the end cap, the risk of the battery cell short-circuiting due to the melting of the insulating component and thus causing thermal runaway of the battery cell is reduced, while the assembly of the second insulating and heat-insulating layer to the end cap assembly is facilitated, thereby improving the assembly performance of the battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the second insulating layer covers the orthographic projection of the insulating component on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly.

[0018] In this embodiment, by setting the orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer to cover the orthographic projection of the insulating component on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component can be further reduced when the temperature of the battery cell rises, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first insulating heat insulation layer and the second insulating heat insulation layer are interconnected.

[0020] In this embodiment, by connecting the first insulating heat insulation layer and the second insulating heat insulation layer to cover the insulating component, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component can be further reduced when the temperature of the battery cell rises, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0021] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the dimension D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 0.01mm≤D1≤1mm.

[0022] In this embodiment, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the size D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer is set to satisfy: 0.01mm≤D1≤1mm, so as to take into account the high temperature resistance, insulation performance and structural strength of the insulating and heat-insulating layer, while reducing the impact on the internal space of the battery cell, improving the internal space utilization of the battery cell, and thus improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0023] In some embodiments, the dimension D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 0.05mm≤D1≤0.2mm.

[0024] In this embodiment, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the size D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer is set to satisfy: 0.05mm≤D1≤0.2mm, so as to effectively balance the high temperature resistance, insulation performance and structural strength of the insulating and heat-insulating layer, while reducing the impact on the internal space of the battery cell, improving the internal space utilization of the battery cell, and thus improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0025] In some embodiments, the melting point T1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 300℃≤T1≤1000℃.

[0026] In this embodiment, by setting the melting point T1 of the insulating heat insulation layer to satisfy 300℃≤T1≤1000℃, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component can be effectively reduced when the temperature of the battery cell rises. At the same time, the insulation performance and high temperature resistance performance of the insulating component are taken into account, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0027] In some embodiments, the insulating and heat-insulating layer comprises at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating.

[0028] In this embodiment, the insulating and heat-insulating layer is configured to include at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating, so as to take into account both the high temperature resistance and insulation performance of the insulating and heat-insulating layer. In the case of increased temperature of the battery cell, the risk of short circuit caused by melting of the insulating component and thermal runaway of the battery cell can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0029] In a second aspect, a battery device is provided, comprising: a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are those described in the first aspect or its various implementations.

[0030] Thirdly, an electrical device is provided, including the battery device described in the second aspect, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0031] In some implementations, the electrical device can be a vehicle, ship, or spacecraft.

[0032] Fourthly, an energy storage device is provided, including the battery device described in the second aspect, the battery device being used to store electrical energy for the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an insulating component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an insulating component provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an insulating component provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end cap assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end cap assembly provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end cap assembly provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Vehicle; 10-Battery unit; 20-Battery cell; 30-Controller; 40-Motor; 11-Casing; 111-First part; 112-Second part; 112a-Base plate; 112b-Side plate; 21-Outer shell; 22-Electrode assembly; 211-Housing shell; 212-End cap assembly; 2121-End cap; 2122-Insulating component; 2123-First surface; 2124-Second surface; 2125-Third surface; 222-Electrode... 222a - Positive electrode tab; 222b - Negative electrode tab; 213 - Pressure relief mechanism; 214 - Electrode terminal; 214a - First electrode terminal; 214b - Second electrode terminal; 23 - Connecting member; 50 - Receiving cavity; 510 - Opening; 24 - First fixing member; 25 - Second fixing member; 26 - First sealing member; 27 - Second sealing member; 60 - Insulating and heat-insulating layer; 610 - First insulating and heat-insulating layer; 620 - Second insulating and heat-insulating layer; 70 - Protective sheet.

[0047] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0050] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0054] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0055] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0057] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0058] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0059] As an example, the positive current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0060] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium phosphate include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon composites. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides may include, but are not limited to, lithium cobalt oxides (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxides (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxides (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, lithium nickel manganese oxides, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides (such as LiNi1 / 3Co1 / 3Mn1 / 3O2 (also abbreviated as NCM333), LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (also abbreviated as NCM523), LiNi0.5Co At least one of the following: 0.25Mn0.25O2 (also abbreviated as NCM211), LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (also abbreviated as NCM622), LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (also abbreviated as NCM811), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (such as LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2), and their modified compounds. Modified compounds refer to substances obtained by doping or coating, etc., based on the above-mentioned materials.

[0061] In some embodiments, the positive electrode can be a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, or foamed carbon, etc. When foamed metal is used as the positive electrode, the surface of the foamed metal may or may not contain a positive electrode active material. As an example, a positive electrode active material is filled and / or deposited within the foamed metal.

[0062] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0063] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0064] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0065] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0066] As an example, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in battery cells. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for battery cells may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0067] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can be a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, or foamed carbon, etc. When foamed metal is used as the negative electrode sheet, the surface of the foamed metal may or may not have a negative electrode active material.

[0068] As an example, negative electrode active materials can be filled or / and deposited within the negative electrode current collector.

[0069] In some embodiments, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.

[0070] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes an isolator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0071] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator membrane. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the type of separator membrane; any known porous separator membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0072] As an example, the main material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation. The separator can be a single component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes. An inorganic particle coating, an organic particle coating, or an organic / inorganic composite coating can also be applied to the surface of the separator.

[0073] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0074] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type of electrolyte; it can be selected according to requirements. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel, or solid.

[0075] Liquid electrolytes include electrolyte salts and solvents.

[0076] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0077] In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be an ether solvent. Ether solvents may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.

[0078] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally include additives. For example, additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain properties of the battery cell, such as additives that improve the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell, additives that improve the high-temperature performance of the battery cell, and additives that improve the low-temperature performance of the battery cell.

[0079] The gel electrolyte includes a polymer as a backbone network and can be used in conjunction with an ionic liquid-lithium salt.

[0080] Solid electrolytes include polymer solid electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes.

[0081] As an example, the polymers of polymeric solid electrolytes may include polyethers (polyoxyethylene), polysiloxanes, polycarbonates, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, monoionic polymers, polyionic liquids, cellulose, etc.

[0082] As an example, inorganic solid electrolytes can be one or more of the following: oxide solid electrolytes (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), sulfide solid electrolytes (crystalline lithium superconducting ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphate sulfide, silver sulfide germanium ore), amorphous sulfides), halide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, and hydride solid electrolytes.

[0083] As an example, composite solid electrolytes are formed by adding inorganic solid electrolyte fillers to polymer solid electrolytes.

[0084] The electrode assembly can be a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of wound and stacked.

[0085] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a wound structure. The positive and negative electrode sheets are wound into a wound structure.

[0086] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a stacked structure.

[0087] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrodes can be set, and multiple positive and multiple negative electrodes can be stacked alternately.

[0088] As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be provided, and negative electrode plates can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0089] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0090] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0091] As an example, the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0092] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs that allow current to be drawn from the electrode assembly. The tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0094] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a casing. The casing may be a steel casing, an aluminum casing, a plastic casing (such as a polypropylene casing), a composite metal casing (such as a copper-aluminum composite casing), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc. In some embodiments, the casing may be a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure. As an example, when the casing is a non-sealed structure, the casing serves to protect the electrode assembly, and a sealing bag is included between the casing and the electrode assembly to encapsulate the electrode assembly and electrolyte. Specifically, the sealing bag may be a bag-shaped insulating component or an aluminum-plastic film. When the casing is a sealed structure, it is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and electrolyte.

[0095] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic batteries, such as hexagonal prismatic batteries. This application does not have any particular limitations.

[0096] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is provided on the housing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the tab. The electrode terminal can be directly connected to the tab, or it can be indirectly connected to the tab through a current collector. The electrode terminal can be provided on the end cap or on the housing.

[0097] In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the casing. The pressure relief mechanism is used to release the internal gas of the battery cell.

[0098] As an example, the internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when it reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism is activated or a weak structure in the pressure relief mechanism is broken, thereby creating an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released. The threshold design varies depending on the design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in the battery cell.

[0099] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can be integrally molded with the housing.

[0100] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can also be separately installed and connected to the housing.

[0101] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the activation or actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the mechanism to form an exhaust channel, rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the mechanism, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism is activated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell are discharged as waste from the activated portion. This method allows for pressure and temperature relief of the battery cell under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0102] In some embodiments, when the housing is a non-sealed structure, the pressure relief mechanism can be configured as a through hole for venting gas inside the battery cell.

[0103] The emissions from battery cells mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of separators, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0104] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0105] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0106] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0107] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cell assemblies housed within the housing.

[0108] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0109] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0110] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0111] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0112] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0113] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use individual battery cells, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, and spacecraft. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft.

[0114] This application provides an energy storage device including one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. The battery clusters may include multiple battery devices, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0115] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, an energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical devices during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0116] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0117] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include a cabinet and one or more battery clusters housed within the cabinet.

[0118] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0119] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling unit that supplies coolant to each battery device via piping to regulate the temperature of the individual battery cells.

[0120] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes auxiliary battery management units, integrated switches, and other modules.

[0121] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit for an energy storage device, used to monitor and manage the device. The central control module can monitor information such as the energy storage device's current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an insulation monitoring module, a main battery management unit, and Ethernet and fiber optic conversion modules.

[0122] As an example, a fire protection system includes control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in energy storage systems.

[0123] As an example, the power distribution unit can be used to distribute power to the power modules of the energy storage device.

[0124] Currently, energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry, and electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of this sustainable development. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development. In the development of battery technology, besides improving the electrical performance of battery devices, safety is also a critical issue. For example, thermal runaway in one battery cell can cause the temperature of adjacent cells to rise, increasing the risk of thermal runaway in those adjacent cells and reducing the safety of that particular cell. Specifically, at high temperatures, the lower plastic in the end cap assembly of the battery cell is prone to melting. In some cases, the melted lower plastic detaches, causing the tabs to overlap with the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the casing, leading to a short circuit in the battery cell and increasing the risk of thermal runaway. In other cases, the melted lower plastic drips onto the electrode assembly, causing the separator membrane of the electrode assembly to shrink, potentially leading to direct contact between the positive and negative electrode plates and triggering thermal runaway in the battery cell. If the safety of a battery cell cannot be guaranteed, it becomes unusable, reducing its performance. Therefore, how to improve the performance of individual battery cells has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field.

[0125] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. The battery cell includes a housing, an electrode assembly, an end cap assembly, and an insulating and heat-insulating layer. The housing includes a receiving cavity with an opening at one end, in which the electrode assembly is received. The end cap assembly closes to the opening. The end cap assembly includes an end cap and an insulating component. The insulating component is located between the end cap and the electrode assembly. The insulating and heat-insulating layer is disposed between the insulating component and the housing. The melting point of the insulating and heat-insulating layer is greater than that of the insulating component. Thus, in this embodiment, by configuring the insulating component to include an insulating and heat-insulating layer, which is disposed between the insulating component and the housing of the battery cell, and whose melting point is greater than that of the insulating component, the risk of thermal runaway caused by the melting of the insulating component leading to a short circuit in the battery cell when the temperature of the battery cell rises can be reduced. Simultaneously, the insulation performance and high-temperature resistance of the insulating component are considered, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0126] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use battery devices.

[0127] Electrical devices can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.

[0128] It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all devices that use batteries. For the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments will be described in detail using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device.

[0129] For example, such as Figure 1The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a vehicle 1 according to one embodiment of this application. Vehicle 1 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A motor 40, a controller 30, and a battery device 10 can be installed inside vehicle 1. The controller 30 controls the battery device 10 to supply power to the motor 40. For example, the battery device 10 can be installed at the bottom, front, or rear of vehicle 1. The battery device 10 can be used to power vehicle 1. For example, the battery device 10 can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1, for example, to meet the electrical system requirements of vehicle 1, such as for starting, navigation, and operation. In another embodiment of this application, the battery device 10 can not only serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power for vehicle 1.

[0130] To meet different power demands, the battery device 10 in this embodiment may include at least one battery cell assembly, which comprises multiple battery cells. These multiple battery cells can be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form the battery device 10. A combination of series and parallel connections is used. The battery device 10 may also be referred to as a battery pack. For example, multiple battery cells can first be connected in series, parallel, or a combination to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form the battery device 10. That is, multiple battery cells can directly form the battery device 10, or they can first be assembled into battery modules, and then the battery modules can be assembled into the battery device 10.

[0131] For example, such as Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a battery device 10 according to an embodiment of this application. The battery device 10 may include multiple battery cells 20. The battery device 10 may also include a housing 11 (or cover), which has a hollow interior structure, and the multiple battery cells 20 are housed within the housing 11. For example, the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in parallel, series, or a mixed configuration and then placed inside the housing 11.

[0132] like Figure 2As shown, the housing 11 may include two parts, referred to here as the first part 111 and the second part 112, which are fastened together. The shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be determined according to the combined shape of multiple battery cells 20. Both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may have an opening. For example, both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be hollow cuboids with only one open face. The openings of the first part 111 and the second part 112 are opposite to each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together to form a housing 11 with a closed cavity. The housing may include a bottom plate 112a, side plates 112b, and beams. Multiple battery cells 20 are connected in parallel, series, or mixed configurations and placed inside the housing 11 formed by the fastening of the first part 111 and the second part 112.

[0133] Optionally, the battery device 10 may also include other structures, which will not be described in detail here. For example, the battery device 10 may also include a busbar component for realizing the electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20, such as parallel, series, or mixed connection. Specifically, the busbar component can realize the electrical connection between battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20. Further, the busbar component can be fixed to the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 by welding. The electrical energy of the multiple battery cells 20 can be further led out through the housing by a conductive mechanism. Optionally, the conductive mechanism may also be part of the busbar component.

[0134] The number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value depending on different power requirements. Multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to achieve a larger capacity or power. Since each battery device 10 may include a large number of battery cells 20, for ease of installation, the battery cells 20 can be grouped, with each group of battery cells 20 forming a battery module. The number of battery cells 20 included in a battery module is unlimited and can be set according to requirements.

[0135] In this embodiment, the number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value according to different power requirements. Multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection to achieve a larger capacity or power. Since each battery device 10 may include a large number of battery cells 20, for ease of installation, the battery cells 20 can be grouped, with each group of battery cells 20 forming a battery module. The number of battery cells 20 included in a battery module is not limited and can be set according to requirements. The battery device 10 may include multiple battery modules, which can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection.

[0136] Figure 3This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 An exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 20 in this embodiment may include: a housing 21 and an electrode assembly 22. The housing 21 has a closed receiving space, and the electrode assembly 22 is placed in the receiving space within the housing 21. The housing 21 may include a shell 211 and an end cap assembly 212. The shell 211 is a hollow structure with at least one opening; the end cap assembly 212 is used to fasten with the shell 211 to form the housing 21 with a closed receiving space.

[0137] It should be understood that the battery cell 20 in this application embodiment can be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 20 that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used. For example, the battery cell 20 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc.

[0138] The electrode assembly 22 in this embodiment includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, with the separator disposed between the negative and positive electrodes. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 20, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serves to prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0139] In some embodiments, the end cap assembly 212 may be a plate-like structure used to cover the opening of the housing 211. In other embodiments, the end cap assembly 212 has a similar structure to the housing 211, that is, both the housing 211 and the end cap assembly 212 are hollow structures with one opening, and the two openings are joined together to form an outer shell 21 with a closed receiving space.

[0140] It should be understood that if the end cap assembly 212 is a plate-shaped structure, the housing 211 can be a hollow structure with an opening at one or more ends. For example, if the housing 211 is a hollow structure with an opening at one end, the end cap assembly 212 can be set as one; if the housing 211 is a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends, the end cap assembly 212 can be set as two, and the two end cap assemblies 212 respectively cover the openings at both ends of the housing 211.

[0141] The outer shell 21 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, or other polyhedrons. For example, ... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the description mainly takes the outer shell 21 as a cuboid structure.

[0142] It should be understood that the end cap assembly 212 in this embodiment of the application is used to cooperate with the housing 211 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap assembly 212 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 211, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing 211 has a cuboid structure, and the end cap assembly 212 has a rectangular plate structure that is adapted to the housing 211.

[0143] The material of the housing 211 in this embodiment may include one or more materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the end cap assembly 212 may also be one or more materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the end cap assembly 212 may be the same as or different from that of the housing 211; the materials of different walls of the housing 211 may also be the same or different.

[0144] The end cap assembly 212 in this embodiment can be any wall of the housing 21. For example, the end cap assembly 212 can be the wall with the largest area among the multiple walls included in the housing 21, or the wall with the smallest area, or it can be other walls. This embodiment is not limited to this. Alternatively, the end cap assembly 212 can also be other structures. For example, the end cap assembly 212 can also be a groove structure with an opening to cover the opening of the housing 211. This embodiment is not limited to this.

[0145] It should be understood that the battery cell 20 also includes electrode terminals 214. In this embodiment, the electrode terminals 214 are used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 22 inside the battery cell 20 to output the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. Figures 3 to 4As shown, the battery cell 20 may include at least two electrode terminals 214, which may include at least one first electrode terminal 214a and at least one second electrode terminal 214b. Exemplarily, if the first electrode terminal 214a is a positive electrode terminal, it is used to electrically connect to the positive electrode tab 222a of the electrode assembly 22; if the second electrode terminal 214b is a negative electrode terminal, it is used to electrically connect to the negative electrode tab 222b of the electrode assembly 22. The first electrode terminal 214a and the positive electrode tab 222a may be directly connected or indirectly connected, as may the second electrode terminal 214b and the negative electrode tab 222b. Exemplarily, the first electrode terminal 214a may be electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 222a via a connecting member 23, and the second electrode terminal 214b may be electrically connected to the negative electrode tab 222b via a connecting member 23. It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the positive electrode tab 222a and the negative electrode tab 222b can be collectively referred to as electrode tab 222.

[0146] In this embodiment, the wall of the housing 211 and the wall of the end cap assembly 212 are both referred to as the wall of the battery cell 20, wherein for Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rectangular battery cell 20 shown has a housing 211 with a bottom wall and four side walls. The housing 211 is shaped according to the combination of one or more electrode assemblies 22. For example, the housing 211 can be a hollow cuboid, cube, or cylinder, and one face of the housing 211 has an opening to allow one or more electrode assemblies 22 to be placed inside. For example, when the housing 211 is a hollow cuboid or cube, one plane of the housing 211 is an open face, meaning that this plane has no wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 211. When the housing 211 can be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the housing 211 is an open face, meaning that this end face has no wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 211. An end cap assembly 212 covers the opening and connects to the housing 211 to form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assemblies 22. The housing 211 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.

[0147] In this battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 is the component in which the electrochemical reaction occurs. Depending on actual usage requirements, the electrode assembly 22 within the casing 211 can be one or multiple. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, two electrode assemblies 22 are provided inside the battery cell 20. The electrode assembly 22 can be a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cylindrical structure, the housing 211 can also be a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cuboid structure, the housing 211 can also be a cuboid structure.

[0148] In this battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 is the component in which the electrochemical reaction occurs. Depending on actual usage requirements, the electrode assembly 22 within the casing 211 can be one or multiple. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, two electrode assemblies 22 are disposed within the battery cell 20. The electrode assembly 22 can be a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cylindrical structure, the housing 211 can also be a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 22 is a cuboid structure, the housing 211 can also be a cuboid structure. In this embodiment, the material of the housing 211 may include the following materials: copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0149] A pressure relief mechanism 213 may also be provided on the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.

[0150] The pressure relief mechanism 213 can be any of the possible pressure relief mechanisms 213. For example, the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold; and / or, the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal gas pressure of the battery cell 20 with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold.

[0151] In some implementations, an insulating element may also be provided in the battery cell 20. The insulating element is disposed in the accommodating space of the housing 211, and the insulating element may be a hollow structure with one or more openings. The accommodating space in the hollow structure is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 to improve the insulation performance of the battery cell 20.

[0152] Figure 5 An exploded view of the end cap assembly 212 provided in one embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating component 2122 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an insulating component 2122 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an insulating component 2122 provided in another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0153] In some implementations, such as Figures 5 to 8As shown, the battery cell 20 includes: a housing 211, an electrode assembly 22, an end cap assembly 212, and an insulating heat insulation layer 60. The housing 211 includes a receiving cavity 50 with an opening 510 at one end. The electrode assembly 22 is received in the receiving cavity 50. The end cap assembly 212 covers the opening 510. The end cap assembly 212 includes an end cap 2121 and an insulating component 2122. The insulating component 2122 is located between the end cap 2121 and the electrode assembly 22. The insulating heat insulation layer 60 is disposed between the insulating component 2122 and the housing 211. The melting point of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 is greater than the melting point of the insulating component 2122.

[0154] It should be understood that the housing 211 in this embodiment includes a receiving cavity 50 with an opening 510 at one end, which can be used to receive the electrode assembly 22. That is, the housing 211 can be a hollow structure with an opening 510, and the electrode assembly 22 is received inside the hollow structure. It should also be understood that the shape of the opening 510 can be set to circular, square, or polygonal, etc. Specifically, the shape of the opening 510 can be matched according to the shape of the housing 211. For example, when the housing 211 is set as follows... Figure 3 or Figure 4 In the case of the square structure shown, the opening 510 can be set to be square.

[0155] It should also be understood that the end cap assembly 212 can close onto the opening 510 to allow the electrode assembly 22 to be accommodated inside the housing 211. The end cap assembly 212 may include an end cap 2121 and an insulating component 2122, the insulating component 2122 being located between the end cap 2121 and the electrode assembly 22. In embodiments of this application, the insulating component 2122 may also be referred to as an insulating component or lower plastic. The end cap 2121 and the insulating component 2122 can be connected by one of the following methods: snap-fit ​​connection, adhesive connection, or welding connection. In other implementations, the end cap 2121 and the insulating component 2122 can be integrally injection molded.

[0156] It should also be understood that the end cap assembly 212 further includes an electrode terminal 214, a first fixing member 24, a second fixing member 25, a first sealing member 26, a second sealing member 27, a pressure relief mechanism 213, and a protective sheet 70. The second fixing member 25 is used to fix the first fixing member 24 and the electrode terminal 214. The side of the first fixing member 24 facing the end cap 2121 is fixedly connected to the end cap 2121 to fix the electrode terminal 214 to the end cap 2121. Exemplarily, the second fixing member 25 can be made of plastic material, i.e., the fixed connection between the first fixing member 24 and the electrode terminal 214 is achieved through injection molding. Specifically, when assembling the end cap assembly 212, the electrode terminal 214 and the first fixing member 24 can be placed in a preset position on the mold using a mold. Then, the gap between the electrode terminal 214 and the first fixing member 24 is injection molded. After the injection molded part solidifies, a second fixing member 25 is formed, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the electrode terminal 214 and the first fixing member 24. The first sealing member 26 is disposed between the end cap 2121 and the electrode terminal 214 to seal the electrode terminal 214. The second sealing member 27 is located between the insulating member 2122 and the connecting member 23. A protective plate 70 is provided on the side of the pressure relief mechanism 213 away from the receiving cavity 50 to protect the pressure relief mechanism 213.

[0157] It should also be understood that the insulation and heat insulation layer 60 being disposed between the insulating component 2122 and the housing 211 may mean that at least a portion of the outer surface of the insulating component 2122 may be formed with the insulation and heat insulation layer 60, or it may mean that at least a portion of the surface of the end cap 2121 facing the electrode assembly 22 may be formed with the insulation and heat insulation layer 60.

[0158] In this embodiment, by configuring the insulating component 2122 to include an insulating and heat-insulating layer 60, which is disposed between the insulating component 2122 of the battery cell 20 and the casing 211, and the melting point of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 is greater than the melting point of the insulating component 2122, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 caused by the melting of the insulating component 2122 due to melting can be reduced. At the same time, the insulation performance and high temperature resistance performance of the insulating component 2122 are taken into account, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0159] In some implementations, the material of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 includes at least one of the following: silicone resin, methylphenyl silicone resin, zirconium oxide, and epoxy resin.

[0160] It should be understood that the material of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 also includes at least one of the following: aluminum powder, talc, aluminum stearate, phthalate, silane coupling agent, xylene, dispersant, mica powder, aluminum tripolyphosphate, and n-butanol.

[0161] For example, in some implementations, the material composition of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 may be: silicone resin (42% by mass), epoxy resin (8% by mass), ceramic powder (9.5% by mass), kaolin (6% by mass), dispersant (2% by mass), talc powder (10% by mass), mica powder (5% by mass), aluminum tripolyphosphate (5% by mass), xylene (9% by mass), and n-butanol (3.5% by mass).

[0162] In this embodiment, the material of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 is set to include at least one of the following: silicone resin, methyl phenyl silicone resin, zirconium trioxide, and epoxy resin, so as to take into account both the high temperature resistance and insulation performance of the insulating heat insulation layer 60. In order to effectively reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 caused by the melting of the insulating component 2122 due to short circuit of the battery cell 20 when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0163] In some implementations, such as Figure 8 As shown, the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 includes a first insulating and heat-insulating layer 610, which is fixedly connected to the side of the insulating component 2122 facing the electrode assembly 22.

[0164] It should be understood that the fixed connection between the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and the side of the insulating component 2122 facing the electrode assembly 22 can mean that the first insulating heat insulation layer is bonded or thermally fused to the first surface 2123 of the insulating component 2122 facing the electrode assembly 22.

[0165] In this embodiment, by configuring the insulating heat insulation layer 60 to include a first insulating heat insulation layer 610, and the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 being fixedly connected to the side of the insulating component 2122 facing the electrode assembly 22, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises, the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 can effectively reduce the risk of the battery cell 20 short-circuiting due to the melting of the insulating component 2122, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0166] In some implementations, the orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 covers the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212.

[0167] It should be understood that the above-mentioned orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 covering the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122 can mean that, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122, and the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122 is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer 610.

[0168] In this embodiment, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, by setting the orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 to cover the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises, the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 can further reduce the risk of the battery cell 20 short-circuiting due to the melting of the insulating component 2122, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0169] Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an insulating component 2122 provided in another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view of an end cap assembly 212 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Exemplarily, the... Figure 10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the end cap assembly 212 can be seen.

[0170] In some implementations, the insulating heat insulation layer 60 further includes a second insulating heat insulation layer 620, which is disposed between the end cap 2121 and the insulating component 2122.

[0171] It should be understood that the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 in the embodiments of this application is disposed between the end cap 2121 and the insulating component 2122. This can mean that the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 can be fixedly connected to at least a portion of the third surface 2125 of the end cap 2121 facing the insulating component, or that the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 can be fixedly connected to at least a portion of the second surface 2124 of the insulating component 2122 facing the end cap 2121, or that the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 can also be fixedly connected to at least a portion of the second surface 2124 and at least a portion of the third surface 2125 at the same time.

[0172] It should also be understood that when the end cap assembly 212 is provided with a first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and a second insulating heat insulation layer 620, the materials of the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 may be the same or different.

[0173] In this embodiment, by further comprising a second insulating heat insulation layer 620, which is disposed between the end cap 2121 and the insulating component 2122, the insulating component 2122 can be protected by the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 and the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises. This effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 caused by the melting of the insulating component 2122, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0174] Figure 11 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end cap assembly 212 provided in another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0175] In some implementations, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 is fixedly connected to the insulating component 2122, and / or the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 is fixedly connected to the end cap 2121.

[0176] It should be understood that the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 may be bonded or heat-fused to at least a portion of the second surface 2124 of the insulating component 2122 facing the end cap 2121, and / or the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 may be bonded or heat-fused to at least a portion of the third surface 2125 of the end cap 2121 facing the insulating component 2122.

[0177] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 to be fixedly connected to the insulating component 2122, and / or by setting the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 to be fixedly connected to the end cap 2121, the risk of the battery cell 20 short-circuiting due to the melting of the insulating component 2122 and thus causing thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 is reduced, while the assembly of the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 to the end cap assembly 212 is facilitated, thereby improving the assembly performance of the battery cell 20.

[0178] In some implementations, the orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 covers the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212.

[0179] It should be understood that the above-mentioned orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 covering the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122 can mean that, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122, and the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122 is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer 620.

[0180] In this embodiment, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, by setting the orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 to cover the orthographic projection of the insulating component 2122, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 caused by the melting of the insulating component 2122 due to short circuit can be further reduced by the second insulating heat insulation layer 620, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0181] Figure 12 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end cap assembly 212 provided in another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0182] In some implementations, the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 is interconnected with the second insulating heat insulation layer 620.

[0183] It should be understood that when the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 are provided on the end cap 2121, the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 may extend toward the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 to cover the insulating component 2122, or the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 may extend toward the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 to cover the insulating component 2122.

[0184] In this embodiment, by connecting the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 to each other, the insulating component 2122 is covered by the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and the second insulating heat insulation layer 620. When the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises, the first insulating heat insulation layer 610 and the second insulating heat insulation layer 620 can further reduce the risk of the insulating component 2122 melting and causing a short circuit in the battery cell 20, thereby triggering thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, thus improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0185] In some implementations, such as Figures 8 to 12 As shown, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the dimension D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 satisfies: 0.01mm≤D1≤1mm.

[0186] It should be understood that the thickness D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 in the embodiments of this application can refer to the maximum, minimum, or average size of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212. It should also be understood that when the end cap assembly 212 is provided with a first insulating and heat-insulating layer 610 and a second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620, the size of the first insulating and heat-insulating layer 610 and the size of the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 may be the same or different along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212.

[0187] For example, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the thickness D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 can be set to: 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, etc., or its value is within the range obtained by any combination of the above two values.

[0188] In this embodiment of the application, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the dimension D1 of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 is set to satisfy: 0.01mm≤D1≤1mm, so as to take into account the high temperature resistance, insulation performance and structural strength of the insulating heat insulation layer 60, while reducing the impact on the internal space of the battery cell 20, improving the internal space utilization of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0189] In some implementations, such as Figures 8 to 12 As shown, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the dimension D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 0.05mm≤D1≤0.2mm.

[0190] For example, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the thickness D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 can be set to: 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.12mm, 0.14mm, 0.16mm, 0.18mm, 0.2mm, etc., or its value is within the range obtained by any combination of the above two values.

[0191] In this embodiment of the application, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 212, the dimension D1 of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 is set to satisfy: 0.05mm≤D1≤0.2mm, so as to effectively balance the high temperature resistance, insulation performance and structural strength of the insulating heat insulation layer 60, while reducing the impact on the internal space of the battery cell 20, improving the internal space utilization of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0192] In some implementations, the melting point T1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 satisfies: 300℃≤T1≤1000℃.

[0193] For example, the melting point T1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 in this application embodiment can be set to: 300℃, 350℃, 400℃, 450℃, 500℃, 550℃, 600℃, 650℃, 700℃, 750℃, 800℃, 850℃, 900℃, 950℃, 1000℃, etc., or its value is within the range obtained by any combination of the above two values.

[0194] It should also be understood that the melting point T1 of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 can be measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Specifically, in the process of measuring the melting point T1 of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 using differential scanning calorimetry, an appropriate amount of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 sample can be taken and heated to a preset temperature at a preset heating rate, and the starting point of the endothermic peak can be recorded as the melting point T1 of the insulating heat insulation layer 60.

[0195] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the melting point T1 of the insulating heat insulation layer 60 to satisfy: 300℃≤T1≤1000℃, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component 2122 can be effectively reduced when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises. At the same time, the insulation performance and high temperature resistance performance of the insulating component 2122 are taken into account, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0196] In some implementations, the insulating layer 60 includes at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating.

[0197] It should be understood that the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 includes at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating. This can mean that when the first insulating and heat-insulating layer 610 in the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 is formed on the outer surface of the insulating component 2122, and in a direction away from the geometric center of the insulating component 2122, the outer surface of the insulating component 2122 may have at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating.

[0198] It should also be understood that when at least two of the following layers—a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, and an inorganic adhesive coating—are formed on the outer surface of the insulating component 2122, the order in which the different layers are formed can be set according to actual needs. For example, when a vitreous coating and a ceramic coating are formed on the outer surface of the insulating component 2122, the vitreous coating and the ceramic coating may be formed sequentially on the outer surface of the insulating component 2122 in a direction away from the geometric center of the insulating component 2122, or the ceramic coating and the vitreous coating may be formed sequentially on the outer surface of the insulating component 2122.

[0199] It should also be understood that the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 includes at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating. This can mean that when the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 is formed on the third surface 2125, and in the direction of the end cap 2121 toward the receiving cavity 50, the third surface 2125 may have at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating.

[0200] It should also be understood that when at least two of the following layers—a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, and an inorganic adhesive coating—are formed on the third surface 2125, the order in which the different layers are formed can be set according to actual needs. For example, when a vitreous coating and a ceramic coating are formed on the third surface 2125, the vitreous coating and the ceramic coating can be formed sequentially on the third surface 2125 in the direction of the end cap 2121 toward the receiving cavity 50, or the ceramic coating and the vitreous coating can be formed sequentially on the third surface 2125.

[0201] It should also be understood that the vitreous coating in the embodiments of this application may be an amorphous inorganic coating, which is a continuous glass phase structure formed by a melt-quenching process. The ceramic coating in the embodiments of this application may be a polycrystalline or amorphous inorganic coating, which is a coating with a porous structure formed by sol-gel or plasma spraying. The inorganic adhesive coating in the embodiments of this application is a composite material coating with an inorganic polymer as the binder phase.

[0202] In this embodiment, the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 is configured to include at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, and an inorganic adhesive coating, so as to take into account both the high temperature resistance and insulation performance of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60. In the case of increased temperature of the battery cell 20, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 caused by short circuit due to melting of the insulating component 2122 can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0203] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides a battery device 10, including a plurality of battery cells 20, wherein the battery cell 20 is the battery cell 20 in any of the above embodiments.

[0204] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device, including the battery device 10 in any of the above embodiments, the battery device 10 being used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device. Specifically, the electrical device can be the above... Figure 1 The vehicle 1 shown can also be any electrical device that uses the battery device 10.

[0205] The power supply device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that utilize battery device 10.

[0206] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an energy storage device, including the battery device 10 in any of the above embodiments, the battery device 10 being used to store electrical energy for the energy storage device.

[0207] Based on some embodiments of this application, see again the above. Figures 5 to 12 As shown, the battery cell 20 includes: a housing 211, an electrode assembly 22, an end cap assembly 212, and an insulating and heat-insulating layer 60. The housing 211 includes a receiving cavity 50 with an opening 510 at one end. The electrode assembly 22 is received in the receiving cavity 50. The end cap assembly 212 covers the opening 510. The end cap assembly 212 includes an end cap 2121 and an insulating component 2122. The insulating component 2122 is located between the end cap 2121 and the electrode assembly 22. The insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 is disposed between the insulating component 2122 and the housing 211. The melting point of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 is greater than the melting point of the insulating component 2122. The material of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 includes at least one of the following: silicone resin, methylphenyl silicone resin, zirconium trioxide, and epoxy resin. The insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 includes a first insulating and heat-insulating layer 610, which is fixedly connected to the side of the insulating component 2122 facing the electrode assembly 22. The insulating and heat-insulating layer 60 also includes a second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620, which is disposed between the end cap 2121 and the insulating component 2122. The second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 is fixedly connected to the insulating component 2122, and / or, the second insulating and heat-insulating layer 620 is fixedly connected to the end cap 2121.

[0208] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: The housing includes a receiving cavity with an opening at one end; Electrode assembly, housed in the receiving cavity; An end cap assembly that covers the opening, the end cap assembly including an end cap and an insulating component, the insulating component being located between the end cap and the electrode assembly; An insulating and heat-insulating layer is disposed between the insulating component and the housing, wherein the melting point of the insulating and heat-insulating layer is greater than the melting point of the insulating component.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the insulating and heat-insulating layer includes one of the following: silicone resin, methylphenyl silicone resin, zirconium trioxide, and epoxy resin.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating and heat-insulating layer includes a first insulating and heat-insulating layer, which is fixedly connected to the side of the insulating component facing the electrode assembly.

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, On a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the orthographic projection of the first insulating heat insulation layer covers the orthographic projection of the insulating component.

5. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insulating and heat-insulating layer further includes a second insulating and heat-insulating layer, which is disposed between the end cap and the insulating component.

6. The battery cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second insulating and heat-insulating layer is fixedly connected to the insulating component, and / or the second insulating and heat-insulating layer is fixedly connected to the end cap.

7. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, On a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the orthographic projection of the second insulating heat insulation layer covers the orthographic projection of the insulating component.

8. The battery cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first insulating heat insulation layer and the second insulating heat insulation layer are interconnected.

9. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the dimension D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 0.01mm≤D1≤1mm.

10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The dimension D1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 0.05mm≤D1≤0.2mm.

11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The melting point T1 of the insulating and heat-insulating layer satisfies: 300℃≤T1≤1000℃.

12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The insulating and heat-insulating layer includes at least one of the following: a vitreous coating, a ceramic coating, or an inorganic adhesive coating.

13. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells, wherein the battery cells are as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, include: The battery device of claim 13, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

15. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The battery device of claim 13, wherein the battery device is used to store electrical energy for the energy storage device.

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