A kind of raw silk spinning test equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of protofilament spinning test equipment, it includes coagulation bath device, washing draft device, silk collecting device and PLC control device;The coagulation bath device includes stock solution temporary storage tank, precision metering pump, spinning assembly, heat preservation coagulation bath tank, coagulation bath cold and hot integrated circulation mechanism;Washing draft device includes washing bath, temperature control circulation mechanism, four sets of servo roller draft mechanism;Winder contains winding mechanism, line arranging mechanism, tension control mechanism;The utility model is through to a small amount of polymerization liquid and carries out microspinning, realizes the evaluation to spinning performance, determines spinning process parameter, the process parameter of test is used for quickly determining protofilament production process, and expand to large-scale industrial production equipment operation, to improve protofilament quality, reduce production cost.The utility model has the characteristics of low spinning test cost, spinning effect representation direct, high degree of automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of carbon fiber precursor spinning production technology, and in particular to a precursor spinning test device. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon fiber precursor spinning is a crucial preliminary step in carbon fiber manufacturing, and its process complexity directly impacts the final carbon fiber's performance. The core production process is as follows: a polyacrylonitrile polymer solution is synthesized through a chemical reaction; air bubbles in the solution are removed using vacuum or pressurization to prevent fiber breakage or defects during spinning. A precision pumping system controls the spinning solution flow rate to ensure fiber fineness uniformity. The polymer is extruded through a microporous spinneret to form nascent fiber bundles. Mechanical stretching improves fiber orientation, enhances mechanical properties, and removes residual solvents and impurities to prevent fiber breakage in subsequent processing. Finally, the fibers are wound into coils.

[0003] Carbon fiber, as a high-performance fiber, possesses a series of excellent properties such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, and good thermal stability, making it one of the most advanced reinforcing materials in recent years. Precursor fiber, as the raw material for carbon fiber production, plays a crucial role, and its performance largely determines the overall performance of the carbon fiber. Carbon fiber precursor spinning is a technology-intensive process, and its production efficiency and product quality directly affect the performance and application effects of the carbon fiber. During the precursor fiber production process, from polymerization to spinning, it is necessary to assess the spinning performance of the polymerization solution; currently, there is no experimental equipment available for prior testing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies and provide a raw silk spinning test device.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A raw filament spinning test device includes a coagulation bath, a washing and drawing device, and a take-up device. The coagulation bath includes a raw solution storage tank, a metering pump, a spinning assembly, a heat-insulated coagulation bath tank, and a coagulation bath hot and cold circulation mechanism. The spinning assembly includes a gooseneck tube and a spinneret. The outlet of the raw solution storage tank is connected to the metering pump, and the outlet of the metering pump is connected to the spinneret through the gooseneck tube. The outlet end of the spinneret extends into the heat-insulated coagulation bath tank. The heat-insulated coagulation bath hot and cold circulation mechanism is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat-insulated coagulation bath tank. The washing and drawing device includes a multi-stage servo roller drawing mechanism and a washing and drawing bath tank. The raw filament, which has been preliminarily coagulated in the heat-insulated coagulation bath tank, enters the multi-stage servo roller drawing mechanism for drawing. During the drawing process, the raw filament enters the washing and drawing bath tank for washing. The washing and drawing bath tank is also connected to a temperature control circulation mechanism. After drawing, the raw filament enters the take-up device for winding.

[0006] An online infrared diameter measuring instrument or an X-ray crystallography analyzer is installed between the water washing and drawing device and the fiber winding device to realize real-time monitoring of the fiber structure.

[0007] It also includes a PLC control device, which controls the operation of the coagulation bath device, the water washing and drawing device, and the yarn take-up device.

[0008] Insulation jackets are provided on the outside of the raw liquid storage tank and at the pump head of the metering pump. The insulation jackets are equipped with temperature regulating devices, and a filter is provided at the outlet of the metering pump.

[0009] The aforementioned heat-insulating coagulation bath and water washing bath both include a heat-insulating tank body, a porous flow equalization plate, an overflow plate, a filter screen, and a set of steering rollers.

[0010] The coagulation bath hot and cold integrated circulation mechanism includes a heat exchange buffer water tank, a circulation pump, and a hot and cold integrated machine. The heat exchange buffer water tank, circulation pump, and hot and cold integrated machine are connected in series with the heat-insulating coagulation bath to form a closed circulation system. The temperature control circulation mechanism includes a heat exchange buffer water tank, circulation pump, and electric heater. The heat exchange buffer water tank, circulation pump, and electric heater are connected in series with the water washing bath to form a closed circulation system.

[0011] The servo roller drafting mechanism includes a servo motor, a Roca roller, and a synchronous transmission mechanism.

[0012] The take-up device includes a winding mechanism, a wire laying mechanism, and a tension control mechanism; the winding mechanism includes a tensioning shaft, a servo motor, and a transmission mechanism; the wire laying mechanism includes a linear track, back pressure air, a proportional air pressure control valve, a distance sensor, a servo motor, a grooved cylinder mechanism, and a wire guiding mechanism.

[0013] The raw liquid storage tank has a volume of 15L and is equipped with a vacuum interface and a pressurization interface; the metering pump speed is adjustable from 0-60 rpm; the temperature of the coagulation bath hot and cold integrated circulation mechanism is adjustable from 5-99 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the temperature control circulation mechanism is adjustable from room temperature to 99 degrees Celsius; the speed of the servo roller drawing mechanism is adjustable from 0 to 400 meters per minute; and the speed of the take-up device is adjustable from 0 to 400 meters per minute.

[0014] The coagulation bath device, the water washing and stretching device, and the winding device are all equipped with a casing. The casing is equipped with doors and windows, and the top of the casing is connected to the external exhaust gas system through an adjustable air valve.

[0015] This utility model integrates three key process steps—solidification molding, water washing and stretching, and winding—into a closed-loop control system through modular integrated design. Its workflow is as follows: Coagulation bath apparatus Raw material processing: The raw material storage tank is degassed under vacuum (to eliminate bubble defects) and pressurized with nitrogen (to prevent oxidation), and then transported to the metering pump at a constant temperature through an insulated jacket.

[0016] Precision metering: A servo motor drives a gear pump to precisely control the flow rate of the raw liquid in a constant volume manner (±0.5% accuracy). The pump outlet filter intercepts impurities and protects the spinneret.

[0017] Spinning process: The raw solution enters the spinneret through the gooseneck tube (rotatable design to adapt to different spinnerets), and achieves uniform coagulation in the heat-insulated coagulation bath through the porous flow equalization plate. The steering roller group guides the nascent fibers into the next stage.

[0018] Temperature control circulation: The integrated cooling and heating unit dynamically adjusts the temperature of the coagulation liquid (±0.1℃) through a buffer water tank and a circulation pump to ensure a stable coagulation rate.

[0019] Water washing stretching device Multi-stage washing: The washing bath uses a flow equalization plate and an overflow plate to achieve uniform water flow distribution and remove residual solvent from the fibers step by step.

[0020] Dynamic drafting: The multi-stage servo roller drafting mechanism achieves multi-stage gradient drafting (such as 1.5×→2.0×→2.5×) through stepless speed regulation from 0-400m / min. The synchronous transmission mechanism ensures that the linear speed of each roller is strictly synchronized (error <0.1%), avoiding fiber breakage.

[0021] Temperature control optimization: The electric heater and the circulating pump work together to maintain a constant temperature of the washing solution (e.g., 60±2℃) and accelerate solvent diffusion.

[0022] Take-up device: Tension closed-loop control: The tension control mechanism monitors the yarn tension in real time and automatically adjusts the winding speed (0-400m / min) according to the change in roll diameter, with tension fluctuation <±2%.

[0023] Precision winding: The slotted cylinder mechanism achieves a variable winding ratio (e.g., adjustable from 1:3 to 1:10) through a servo motor and a wire guiding mechanism. The back pressure air valve dynamically adjusts the winding pressure according to the outer diameter of the wire cake to prevent edge collapse.

[0024] Data integration: The PLC control device integrates parameters such as tension, speed, and outer diameter, and supports the storage and one-click recall of process recipes.

[0025] The advantages of this invention are: by microspinning a small amount of polymer solution, the spinning performance can be evaluated, and spinning process parameters can be determined. These experimental process parameters are used to quickly determine the raw yarn production process and can be scaled up to large-scale industrial production equipment, thereby improving raw yarn quality and reducing production costs. This invention features low spinning test costs, direct characterization of spinnability, and a high degree of automation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the raw silk spinning test equipment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the coagulation bath device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a front structural view of the water washing and stretching device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a reverse structural diagram of the water washing and stretching device of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a front structural view of the winding machine of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a reverse structural diagram of the winding machine of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a raw fiber spinning test device includes a coagulation bath device 1, a washing and drafting device 2, a take-up device 3, and a PLC control device 4. The coagulation bath device 1 comprises a raw solution storage tank 101, a metering pump 102, a spinning assembly 103, a heat-insulated coagulation bath tank 104, and a coagulation bath integrated hot and cold circulation mechanism 105. The washing and drafting device 2 includes three washing and drafting bath tanks 201, three temperature-controlled circulation mechanisms 202, and four servo roller drafting mechanisms 203. The take-up device 3 includes a winding mechanism 301, a wire laying mechanism 302, and a tension control mechanism 303. An online infrared diameter meter or X-ray crystallography analyzer 5 is installed between the washing and drafting device 2 and the take-up device 3 to realize real-time monitoring of fiber structure.

[0028] The raw material storage tank 101 has the functions of heat preservation jacket, vacuum degassing, and nitrogen pressurization, which can prevent air from entering the raw material during transportation. It also has the function of temperature regulation. The heat preservation jacket can regulate the temperature of the heat preservation circulating water through an electric heater. The temperature regulation range is room temperature to 99 degrees Celsius. The raw material storage tank 101 has vacuum and pressurization interfaces. When the raw material is put into the tank, a vacuum is drawn to remove the gas and volatile substances during the transportation of the raw material. After vacuum degassing, nitrogen is introduced into the raw material storage tank for pressurization to prevent air from entering and contaminating the raw material. The raw material storage tank is made of mirror-finished 316L, which can largely prevent the raw material from sticking to the wall and corroding. The metering pump 102 uses a servo motor to control a gear pump for precise volumetric metering. The pump head has an insulated jacket, and a filter is installed at the pump outlet to protect the spinning assembly 103. The metering pump 102 rotates at 0-60 rpm, and the filter has a filtration accuracy of 1-3 μm. The spinning assembly 103 has a rotatable gooseneck tube and a spinneret. The gooseneck tube has an insulated function and can be fitted with different specifications of spinnerets according to different processes. When the rotatable insulated gooseneck tube is in the upper position, it can vent air from the pipe to ensure the pipe is full of raw liquid and prevent air bubbles from forming during spinning. The insulated coagulation bath 104 consists of an insulated bath body, a porous flow equalization plate, an overflow plate, a filter screen, and a set of steering rollers. The porous flow equalization plate is installed inside the insulated bath body, usually located near the bottom or middle of the bath. Its function is to evenly distribute the liquid entering the insulated bath body, ensuring more stable and uniform liquid flow within the bath, providing a consistent environment for fiber coagulation or washing. An overflow plate is installed on one or more sides of the insulation tank, and its height is generally lower than the top edge of the insulation tank. The function of the overflow plate is to control the liquid level in the tank. When the liquid level exceeds the height of the overflow plate, the excess liquid will overflow through the overflow plate, maintaining a stable liquid level in the tank. A filter screen is installed at the liquid outlet of the insulation tank or in the pipeline of the circulation system. It is used to filter impurities and fiber debris from the liquid, preventing these impurities from re-entering the tank or affecting the normal operation of the circulation system, ensuring the cleanliness of the liquid, and thus ensuring the spinning quality.

[0029] A set of guiding rollers is installed inside the insulated tank to guide the movement path of the fibers within the tank, enabling them to solidify or be washed along a predetermined route. The position and number of the guiding rollers are arranged according to the shape of the tank and the movement requirements of the fibers. The insulated coagulation bath 104 is used for the coagulation process of the raw liquid under reasonable process temperature, concentration, and flow rate conditions, and can be adjusted to circulate in a co-current or counter-current manner. The coagulation bath integrated hot and cold circulation mechanism 105 consists of a heat exchange buffer tank, a circulation pump, and an integrated hot and cold machine, which can precisely adjust the circulation volume and temperature of the coagulation liquid. The temperature is adjustable from 3 to 99 degrees Celsius, and the flow rate is adjustable from 0 to 2.5 t / h. The above accessories are installed inside the coagulation bath casing, which is equipped with sealed doors and windows and connected to the external exhaust system through an adjustable air valve on the top. The PLC control device 4 realizes fully automatic adjustment and display of parameters such as temperature, speed, and flow rate, achieving automatic operation.

[0030] The washing and stretching device 2 includes three washing and stretching baths 201, three sets of temperature-controlled circulation mechanisms 202, and four sets of servo roller stretching mechanisms 203. The washing and stretching baths 201 consist of an insulated tank, a porous flow equalization plate, an overflow plate, a filter screen, and a set of steering rollers. They are used for washing and stretching processes in water bodies under reasonable process temperature and flow rate conditions, and can be adjusted to circulate in either co-current or counter-current flow. The temperature-controlled circulation mechanism 202 includes a heat exchange buffer tank, a circulation pump, and an electric heater. The system comprises a servo roller drawing mechanism 203, which allows for precise adjustment of the water washing and drawing bath circulation volume and temperature. The temperature is adjustable from room temperature to 99 degrees Celsius, and the flow rate is adjustable from 0 to 2.5 t / h. The servo roller drawing mechanism 203 consists of a servo motor, a Roca roller, and a synchronous transmission mechanism, enabling high-precision linear speed adjustment from 0 to 400 m / min according to process requirements. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the driving component of the synchronous transmission mechanism, while the driven component is coaxially connected to the shaft of the Roca roller. The servo motor is connected to the driving pulley and driving gear of the synchronous transmission mechanism via a coupling or reducer, transmitting its power to the synchronous transmission mechanism. The synchronous transmission mechanism then transmits the power to the driven pulley and driven gear through synchronous belts, chains, or gears, thereby driving the Roca roller to rotate. All components are installed inside the water washing and drawing bath housing, which is equipped with sealed doors and windows and connected to the external exhaust gas system via an adjustable air valve on the top.

[0031] The take-up machine includes a winding mechanism 301, a yarn laying mechanism 302, and a tension control mechanism 303. The winding mechanism 301 consists of a tensioning shaft, a servo motor, and a transmission mechanism. It automatically adjusts the winding speed based on the reference speed, tension, and yarn diameter to achieve automatic matching of linear speed from 0 to 400 meters per minute. The yarn laying mechanism 302 consists of a linear track, back pressure air, a proportional air pressure control valve, a distance sensor, a servo motor, a grooved drum mechanism, and a yarn guiding mechanism. It realizes automatic yarn laying with variable winding ratio and variable back pressure. The above components are installed inside the take-up machine housing, which is equipped with a door seal to prevent fibers from entering the electrical control system. The PLC control device 4 realizes fully automatic adjustment and display of parameters such as take-up tension, take-up speed, take-up back pressure, and yarn cake outer diameter, achieving automatic operation.

[0032] The PLC control device 4 is used to control the coagulation bath device and the water washing and stretching device 2, automatically adjusting and displaying parameters such as temperature, speed, and flow rate to achieve automatic operation; it is also used to control the take-up device 3, automatically adjusting and displaying parameters such as take-up tension, take-up speed, take-up back pressure, and yarn cake outer diameter to achieve automatic operation.

[0033] The raw solution is first added to the raw solution storage tank 101, metered and pressurized by the metering pump 102, and spun through the spinning assembly 103. The raw filament is initially solidified in the heat-insulating coagulation bath 104, and then drawn by the servo roller drawing mechanism 203 according to the process requirements. During the washing and drawing process, the washing and drawing bath 201 provides the process conditions. Finally, the product filament is wound up by the filament winding device 3.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus characterized by: The device includes a coagulation bath, a washing and drawing device, and a take-up device. The coagulation bath includes a raw solution storage tank, a metering pump, a spinning assembly, a heat-insulated coagulation bath tank, and a coagulation bath hot and cold circulation mechanism. The spinning assembly includes a gooseneck tube and a spinneret. The outlet of the raw solution storage tank is connected to the metering pump, and the outlet of the metering pump is connected to the spinneret through the gooseneck tube. The outlet end of the spinneret extends into the heat-insulated coagulation bath tank. The heat-insulated coagulation bath hot and cold circulation mechanism is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat-insulated coagulation bath tank. The washing and drawing device includes a multi-stage servo roller drawing mechanism and a washing and drawing bath tank. The nascent filament, which has been preliminarily coagulated in the heat-insulated coagulation bath tank, enters the multi-stage servo roller drawing mechanism for drawing. During the drawing process, the nascent filament enters the washing and drawing bath tank for washing. The washing and drawing bath tank is also connected to a temperature-controlled circulation mechanism. After drawing, the nascent filament enters the take-up device for winding.

2. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: An online infrared diameter gauge or an X-ray crystallometer is installed between the water washing and drawing device and the winding device.

3. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a PLC control device, which controls the operation of the coagulation bath device, the water washing and drawing device, and the yarn take-up device.

4. The raw silk spinning test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Insulation jackets are provided on the outside of the raw liquid storage tank and at the pump head of the metering pump. The insulation jackets are equipped with temperature regulating devices, and a filter is provided at the outlet of the metering pump.

5. The raw silk spinning test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating coagulation bath and the water washing bath both include a heat-insulating tank body, a porous flow equalization plate, an overflow plate, a filter screen, and a set of steering rollers.

6. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The coagulation bath hot and cold integrated circulation mechanism includes a heat exchange buffer water tank, a circulation pump, and a hot and cold integrated machine. The heat exchange buffer water tank, circulation pump, and hot and cold integrated machine are connected in series with the heat-insulating coagulation bath to form a closed circulation system. The temperature control circulation mechanism includes a heat exchange buffer water tank, circulation pump, and electric heater. The heat exchange buffer water tank, circulation pump, and electric heater are connected in series with the water washing bath to form a closed circulation system.

7. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The servo roller drafting mechanism includes a servo motor, a Roca roller, and a synchronous transmission mechanism.

8. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The take-up device includes a winding mechanism, a wire laying mechanism, and a tension control mechanism; the winding mechanism includes a tensioning shaft, a servo motor, and a transmission mechanism; the wire laying mechanism includes a linear track, back pressure air, a proportional air pressure control valve, a distance sensor, a servo motor, a grooved cylinder mechanism, and a wire guiding mechanism.

9. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The raw liquid storage tank has a volume of 15L and is equipped with a vacuum interface and a pressurization interface; the metering pump speed is adjustable from 0-60 rpm; the temperature of the coagulation bath hot and cold integrated circulation mechanism is adjustable from 5-99 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the temperature control circulation mechanism is adjustable from room temperature to 99 degrees Celsius; the speed of the servo roller drawing mechanism is adjustable from 0 to 400 meters per minute; and the speed of the take-up device is adjustable from 0 to 400 meters per minute.

10. A precursor filament spinning test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The coagulation bath device, the water washing and stretching device, and the winding device are all equipped with a casing. The casing is equipped with doors and windows, and the top of the casing is connected to the external exhaust gas system through an adjustable air valve.

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