An aeroponic cultivation apparatus

Abstract

This invention provides an aeroponic cultivation device, comprising a magnetic frame and a magnetic soft membrane shell disposed on the surface of the magnetic frame. The magnetic frame houses an electrical box, a nutrient solution tank, a water storage tank, a high-pressure water pump, a sterilization and filtration device, at least one atomizing box with a planting rack, at least one seedling rack, and growth lights positioned relative to the planting rack and seedling rack. The nutrient solution tank, water storage tank, high-pressure water pump, and atomizing box are sequentially connected via flexible hoses. An atomizing nozzle is located at the outlet of the hose connecting to the atomizing box. The bottom plate of the atomizing box extends obliquely downwards from one side, and its upper surface is recessed with a guide groove and a liquid collection port located at the end of the guide groove. The liquid collection port is connected to the inlet of the sterilization and filtration device via a return pipe, and the outlet of the sterilization and filtration device is connected to the water storage tank. This aeroponic cultivation device offers the advantages of stable nutrient solution circulation and ease of maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of aeroponic cultivation technology, and specifically relates to an aeroponic cultivation device. Background Technology

[0002] Aeroponics is a novel soilless cultivation technology that uses a sprayer to atomize nutrient solution and spray it directly onto the plant roots, allowing the plants to grow in the air. An automated control system optimizes the root zone environment, enabling three-dimensional cultivation and yields up to 40 times higher per unit area than traditional methods. The system consists of a sprayer, a nutrient solution circulation system, and an automated control system, featuring high efficiency, water conservation, and fewer pests and diseases. Aeroponics devices can also be placed in indoor environments such as laboratories, greenhouses, and home balconies to meet research needs and the demand for high-quality vegetables. However, aeroponics devices require significant daily maintenance, necessitating regular inspection and repair of components such as the atomizing nozzles and pipes, while ensuring proper nutrient solution circulation. Current aeroponics systems still suffer from problems such as nutrient solution retention, high algae growth rates, unstable nutrient solution circulation, and cumbersome daily maintenance and disassembly. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an aeroponic cultivation device with stable nutrient solution circulation and easy maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: This utility model provides an aeroponic cultivation device, including a magnetic frame and a magnetic soft membrane shell disposed on the surface of the magnetic frame. The magnetic frame contains an electrical box, a nutrient solution tank, a water storage tank, a high-pressure water pump, a sterilization and filtration device, at least one atomizing box with a planting rack, at least one seedling rack, and a growth light disposed relative to the planting rack and the seedling rack. The nutrient solution tank, the water storage tank, the high-pressure water pump, and the atomizing box are connected in sequence by a flexible hose. An atomizing nozzle is provided at the outlet of the flexible hose connecting to the atomizing box. The bottom plate of the atomizing box extends obliquely downward from one side, and the upper surface of the bottom plate is recessed with a guide groove and a liquid collection port located at the end of the guide groove. The liquid collection port is connected to the inlet of the sterilization and filtration device through a return pipe, and the outlet of the sterilization and filtration device is connected to the water storage tank.

[0005] In one embodiment, the guide channel extends from the high side to the low side of the base plate, the channel spacing on the high side of the base plate is wider than the channel spacing on the low side of the base plate, and the channel depth on the low side of the base plate is greater than the channel depth on the high side of the base plate.

[0006] In one embodiment, a splash guard is provided on the side wall of the atomizing box, facing the liquid collection port, and the portion of the base plate located on both sides of the guide channel is designed as a downward slope extending from the edge to the guide channel.

[0007] In one embodiment, the inner surfaces of the planting rack, the atomizing box, and the seedling rack are all coated with a hydrophobic coating, and the base plate of the sterilization and filtration device extends obliquely downward from one side and the inner surface of the sterilization and filtration device is coated with a hydrophobic coating.

[0008] In one embodiment, the atomizing box includes four side plates connected to the base plate and a top plate covering the top of the four side plates. The planting frame is detachably mounted on the top plate, and the top plate has a through hole corresponding to any planting position of the planting frame.

[0009] In one embodiment, the atomizing box is designed to block light, and any of the side panels is provided with a transparent observation window for observing root growth. The surface of the transparent observation window can be covered with a light-blocking sheet.

[0010] In one embodiment, the magnetic frame is provided with a limiting guide rail relative to the seedling rack, and the limiting guide rail is provided with a positioning pin hole. The seedling rack is detachably installed on the magnetic frame by the positioning pin engaging with the positioning pin hole.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the hose and the return pipe are provided with quick-connect fittings at their ends.

[0012] In one embodiment, the sterilization and filtration device includes a housing and a filter element structure that can be pulled out from the side of the housing and installed inside the housing. The sterilization and filtration device is placed on the tank of the water storage tank, and the outlet of the sterilization and filtration device is directly opposite one of the inlets of the water storage tank.

[0013] In one embodiment, the base plate has an inclination angle of 5°-15° relative to the horizontal plane.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the aerosol cultivation device of this utility model adopts an inclined bottom plate and a guide channel design. It utilizes gravity and hydrophobicity to enable the directional and rapid recovery of residual liquid after spraying, and can speed up the emptying of the working chamber and the surface of the water storage tank. Compared with the horizontal pool structure, the retention area is significantly reduced, the dead corners prone to algae growth are eliminated, and the algae growth rate is significantly higher under the same light and cycle conditions. The guide channel optimizes the mainstream path, reduces the back suction resistance after spraying and reduces secondary splashing, improves atomization uniformity and pump efficiency, and reduces system energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an aeroponic cultivation device according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the atomizing box in the aerosol cultivation device shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the aeroponic cultivation device from another angle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows another angle of the aeroponic cultivation device. Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a top-down view of the aeroponic cultivation device, which conceals the mounting plate for the top grow light.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Magnetic frame, 2. Magnetic soft membrane shell, 3. Electrical box, 4. Nutrient solution tank, 5. Water storage tank, 6. High-pressure water pump, 7. Sterilization and filtration device, 8. Planting rack, 81. Planting basket, 9. Atomizing box, 91. Base plate, 93. Guide channel, 95. Liquid collection port, 97. Splash shield, 10. Seedling rack, 11. Growth light, 12. Flexible hose, 13. Return pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0017] See also Figure 1-5 This embodiment provides an aeroponic cultivation device, including a box-type magnetic frame 1 and a magnetic soft membrane shell 2 disposed on the surface of the magnetic frame 1. The magnetic frame 1 is equipped with an electrical box 3, a nutrient solution tank 4, a water storage tank 5, a high-pressure water pump 6, a sterilization and filtration device 7, an atomizing box 9 with a planting rack 8, a seedling rack 10, and a growth light 11 disposed relative to the planting rack 8 and the seedling rack 10. The nutrient solution tank 4, the water storage tank 5, the high-pressure water pump 6, and the atomizing box 9 are connected in sequence by a hose 12. An atomizing nozzle is provided at the outlet of the hose 12 connecting to the atomizing box 9. The bottom plate 91 of the atomizing box 9 extends obliquely downward from one side, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 91 is recessed with a guide groove 93 and a liquid collection port 95 located in the guide groove 93. The liquid collection port 95 is connected to the inlet of the sterilization and filtration device 7 through a return pipe 13, and the outlet of the sterilization and filtration device 7 is connected to the water storage tank 5. Both the hose 12 and the return hose 13 are equipped with quick-connect fittings at their ends.

[0018] In this embodiment, the guide channel 93 extends from the high side to the low side of the base plate 91. The inclination angle α of the base plate 91 relative to the horizontal plane is 5°-15°. The channel spacing of the guide channel 93 on the high side of the base plate 91 is wider than that on the low side, and the channel depth of the guide channel 93 on the low side of the base plate 91 is greater than that on the high side. The cross-section of the guide channel 93 is U-shaped or V-shaped. A splash guard 97 is provided on the side wall of the atomizing box 9, facing the liquid collection port 95. The portion of the base plate 91 located on both sides of the guide channel 93 is designed as a downward slope extending from the edge to the guide channel 93.

[0019] In this embodiment, the base plates of the atomizing box 9 and the sterilization and filtration device 7 are arranged obliquely downwards, maintaining an overall inclination angle of 5°-15°. The guide channel 93 of the atomizing box 9 is wider at the front and narrower at the back, resembling a small "converging trumpet." The upper part is slightly wider to introduce the spread water film; the middle channel is a slightly deeper U / V-shaped channel that steadily carries the water away along the inclined direction, and the end is a collection port 95, which is coaxially aligned with the return pipe 13, allowing the water to flow directly into the collection port 95 like a beam. The inner wall of the channel is treated with hydrophobic material or has slight fine texture to reduce wall adhesion; the collection port 95 is connected back to the water storage tank 5 by the return pipe 13 with a quick-connect connector, and a splash guard 97 is added above the collection port 95 to block mist without obstructing the flow. The residual liquid on the bottom surface no longer spreads or swirls around, but quickly converges into a "main stream" that flows down the slope along the guide channel 93, hardly lingering in the atomization zone; the flow is basically stabilized before entering the return port, reducing secondary splashing and re-atomization; it is directly aligned with the return pipe 13, with fewer bends and less resistance, making pump back suction easier and noise lower. The bottom surface is cleaner, with significantly reduced accumulated liquid, sediment, and odor points, requiring only a wipe along the channel during cleaning.

[0020] In this embodiment, a split inclined surface with an inclination angle of 5°~15° is set on the bottom plate of the atomizing box 9 and the sterilization and filtration device 7. The entire surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating. The end of the inclined guide channel 93 is integrally formed with a liquid collection port 95, which is coaxially connected with the return pipe 13 of the atomizing box 9. The liquid outlet side is connected back to the water storage tank 5 through the return pipe 13 with a quick connector. The inner wall of the cavity of the atomizing box 9 and the lower surface of the planting rack 8 and the seedling rack 10 are simultaneously treated with hydrophobic coating to form a unidirectional return surface from top to bottom, reducing liquid film retention. By utilizing gravity and hydrophobicity in synergy, the residual liquid after spraying can be recovered in a directional and rapid manner. In this embodiment, the working chamber and the surface of the water storage tank can be emptied within about 30 seconds. Compared with the horizontal pool structure in the comparison, the retention area is significantly reduced, the dead corners prone to algae growth are eliminated, and the algae growth rate under the same light and cycle conditions is reduced from 28% in the prototype comparison to about 3%. The guide channel optimizes the mainstream path, reduces the back suction resistance after spraying and reduces secondary splashing, improves atomization uniformity and pump efficiency, and the actual measured system energy consumption can be reduced by about 10%~15%.

[0021] In this embodiment, the magnetic frame 1 is equipped with a magnetic soft membrane shell 2. The magnetic soft membrane shell 2 serves as a visible and easily openable sealed cover, trapping mist and blocking external dust and impurities, facilitating easy observation and maintenance. The planting rack 8 and planting basket 81 can be disassembled and used separately. The nutrient solution tank 4, containing concentrated nutrient solution, has an openable top cover for easy replenishment and cleaning. The atomizing box 9, water tank 5, nutrient solution tank 4, high-pressure water pump 6, and sterilization and filtration device 7 constitute a water circulation system. The electrical box 3, grow light 11, and high-pressure water pump 6 are driven and controlled using existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0022] In this embodiment, several planting baskets 81 are evenly spaced on the planting rack 8. The inner surfaces of the planting rack 8, the atomizing box 9, and the seedling rack 10 are all coated with a hydrophobic coating. The base plate of the sterilization and filtration device 7 extends obliquely downward from one side, and the inner surface of the sterilization and filtration device 7 is coated with a hydrophobic coating. The sterilization and filtration device 7 includes a shell and a filter element structure that can be pulled out from the side of the shell and installed inside the shell. The sterilization and filtration device 7 is placed on the tank of the water storage tank 5, and the outlet of the sterilization and filtration device 7 is directly opposite one of the inlets of the water storage tank 5.

[0023] In this embodiment, the atomizing box 9 includes four side plates connected to the base plate 91 and a top plate covering the four side plates. The planting rack 8 is detachably mounted on the top plate, and the top plate has through holes corresponding to any planting position of the planting rack 8. The atomizing box 9 adopts a light-shielding design as a whole, and each side plate has a transparent observation window for observing root growth, allowing observation of root growth without damaging the liquid path seal. The surface of the transparent observation window can be covered with a light-shielding sheet. The magnetic frame 1 is provided with a limiting guide rail relative to the seedling rack 10, and the limiting guide rail has positioning pin holes. The seedling rack 10 is detachably mounted on the magnetic frame 1 through the cooperation of the positioning pins with the positioning pin holes.

[0024] The planting rack 8, seedling rack 10, and atomizing box 9 of the planting layer adopt a split design. The planting rack 8 and seedling rack 10 are designed to be pull-out and quick-release components. The outer shell adopts a magnetic soft film shell 2, and the water storage tank 5 and return pipe 13 are kept in the dark. When necessary, a transparent observation plate can be embedded in the planting board or a pull-out sampling port can be set. In scientific research scenarios, the root morphology changes and nutrient absorption dynamics can be directly observed without dismantling the cultivation structure. In home and teaching scenarios, users can intuitively feel the plant growth process, while the key parts of the water circulation loop are still protected by light and water diversion, avoiding light transmission that causes algae and secondary pollution, extending the maintenance cycle and reducing the cleaning frequency.

[0025] In this embodiment, the atomizing nozzle and hose 12 inside the atomizing box 9 adopt a quick-connect / screw-lock structure. The sterilization and filtration device 7 adopts a retractable filter structure installed inside the housing. The filter structure is a stainless steel filter screen or a replaceable filter. The high-pressure water pump 6 is placed on a vibration-damping base and connected by a quick-connect hose. All hydraulic and electrical compartments, the electrical box 3, the growth lamp 11, the high-pressure water pump 6, and the metering components are connected by plug-in wiring harnesses. The atomizing nozzle and filter structure can be disassembled, cleaned, and replaced within 3 minutes. The planting plate specifications can be quickly switched without disassembling the bottom compartment, adapting to different scenarios such as home use, teaching and research, and seedling cultivation. The modular box reduces downtime and cross-contamination risks caused by maintenance, significantly lowering the maintenance threshold. The equipment can be quickly reset and reused in multiple scenarios.

[0026] In this embodiment, a double-layer three-dimensional structure is adopted. The upper layer is the planting area, with the planting rack 8 having an aperture of approximately 30 mm. The lower layer is the intensive seedling area, with an aperture of approximately 15 mm. Each rack can cultivate approximately 40 seedlings, which are then transplanted using the planting basket 7. Spraying is provided by an adjustable-angle quick-connect nozzle. The structure is compatible with herbaceous / vine plants up to 60 cm in height, with vines requiring only a support frame. The double-layer three-dimensional structure enables the simultaneous completion of the "intensive seedling cultivation - transplanting and planting - mature plant management" process, reducing equipment and site switching. In the seedling stage, it can cover multiple types of crops such as lettuce and peppers. In the mature plant stage, the height / angle of the nozzle can be adjusted to prevent sap from getting onto the fruit. Compared with single-layer / single-aperture equipment, batch switching efficiency is improved, and the applicable crops are expanded to more than twenty varieties.

[0027] This utility model's aerosol cultivation device adopts an inclined base plate and a guide channel design. By utilizing gravity and hydrophobicity, residual liquid after spraying can be directionally and quickly recovered, which can accelerate the emptying of the working chamber and the surface of the water storage tank. Compared with the horizontal pool structure, the retention area is significantly reduced, and the dead corners prone to algae growth are eliminated. Under the same light and cycle conditions, the algae growth rate is reduced from 28% in the prototype comparison to about 3%. The guide channel optimizes the mainstream path, reduces the back suction resistance after spraying and reduces secondary splashing, improves atomization uniformity and pump efficiency, and reduces system energy consumption.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of this application is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0029] One or more embodiments in this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An aeroponic cultivation device, characterized in that, Includes a magnetic frame (1) and a magnetic soft film shell (2) disposed on the surface of the magnetic frame (1). The magnetic frame (1) is equipped with an electrical box (3), a nutrient solution tank (4), a water storage tank (5), a high-pressure water pump (6), a sterilization and filtration device (7), at least one atomizing box (9) with a planting rack (8) mounted on it, at least one seedling rack (10), and a growth light (11) disposed relative to the planting rack (8) and the seedling rack (10). The nutrient solution tank (4), the water storage tank (5), the high-pressure water pump (6), and the... The atomizing box (9) is connected in sequence through a hose (12). An atomizing nozzle is provided at the outlet of the hose (12) connecting the atomizing box (9). The bottom plate (91) of the atomizing box (9) extends obliquely downward from one side, and the upper surface of the bottom plate (91) is recessed with a guide groove (93) and a liquid collection port (95) located at the end of the guide groove (93). The liquid collection port (95) is connected to the inlet of the sterilization and filtration device (7) through a return pipe (13). The outlet of the sterilization and filtration device (7) is connected to the water storage tank (5).

2. The aeroponic cultivation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The guide groove (93) extends from the high side to the low side of the base plate (91). The groove spacing of the guide groove (93) on the high side of the base plate (91) is wider than that on the low side of the base plate (91). The groove depth of the guide groove (93) on the low side of the base plate (91) is greater than that on the high side of the base plate (91).

3. The aeroponic cultivation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The atomizing box (9) has a splash guard (97) facing the liquid collection port (95) on its side wall. The part of the bottom plate (91) located on both sides of the guide channel (93) is designed as a downward slope extending from the edge to the guide channel (93).

4. The aeroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The inner surfaces of the planting rack (8), the atomizing box (9), and the seedling rack (10) are all coated with a hydrophobic coating. The base plate of the sterilization and filtration device (7) extends obliquely downward from one side, and the inner surface of the sterilization and filtration device (7) is coated with a hydrophobic coating.

5. The aeroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The atomizing box (9) includes four side plates connected to the base plate (91) and a top plate covering the top of the four side plates. The planting frame (8) is detachably mounted on the top plate, and the top plate has a through hole corresponding to any planting position of the planting frame (8).

6. The aeroponic cultivation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The atomizing box (9) adopts a light-shielding design as a whole, and each of the side panels is provided with a transparent observation window for observing root growth. The surface of the transparent observation window can be covered with a light-shielding sheet.

7. The aeroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The magnetic frame (1) is provided with a limiting guide rail relative to the seedling rack (10). The limiting guide rail is provided with a positioning pin hole. The seedling rack (10) is detachably installed on the magnetic frame (1) by the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole.

8. The aeroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Both the hose (12) and the return pipe (13) are equipped with quick-connect fittings at their ends.

9. The aeroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The sterilization and filtration device (7) includes a housing and a filter element structure that can be pulled out from the side of the housing and installed inside the housing. The sterilization and filtration device (7) is placed on the body of the water storage tank (5), and the outlet of the sterilization and filtration device (7) is directly opposite one of the inlets of the water storage tank (5).

10. The aeroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the base plate (91) relative to the horizontal plane is 5°-15°.

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