Agricultural three-axle mechanical chassis steering auxiliary device

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery technical field, especially a kind of agricultural three-axis mechanical chassis steering auxiliary device, including front frame and rear frame, the front frame front end can be connected with steering wheel axle, rear axle frame is provided on the rear frame, and the rear axle frame can be connected with two rear wheel axle. The first V-shaped bogie is fixed to the end of the front frame towards the rear frame, and the second V-shaped bogie is fixed to the end of the rear frame towards the front frame. The tip of the first V-shaped bogie and the second V-shaped bogie is crossed hinged. Adjusting mechanism for adjusting the angle between the front frame and the rear frame is provided between the first V-shaped bogie and the second V-shaped bogie. The existing steering wheel axle is steered under the control of steering wheel, completes first level steering, adjusting mechanism adjusts the angle between the first V-shaped bogie and the second V-shaped bogie, completes second level steering, reduces the radius of agricultural machinery turning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more specifically, to a steering auxiliary device for a three-axis agricultural machinery chassis. Background Technology

[0002] Existing agricultural machinery is an important piece of equipment in modern agricultural production, and its mobility and operational flexibility directly affect operational efficiency and quality. In space-constrained operating environments such as orchards, greenhouses, and terraced fields, agricultural machinery needs to have a small turning radius to enable flexible steering and turning around, avoid crushing damage to crops, and improve operational efficiency.

[0003] Currently, large and medium-sized agricultural machinery (such as tractors, fertilizer applicators, and sprayers) generally adopts a two-axle chassis structure, and its steering methods are mainly front-wheel steering, rear-wheel steering, or four-wheel steering. Front-wheel steering is the most widely used mode, but its turning radius is relatively large. In narrow spaces, multiple forward and backward maneuvers are often required to complete the turn, which is not only cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, but the frequent turning and compaction can also damage the soil structure and crop roots.

[0004] To improve steering performance, some agricultural machinery features a three-axle chassis design. The three-axle chassis enhances the overall load-bearing capacity and stability by adding a support axle. However, traditional three-axle chassis typically use only one axle (usually the intermediate axle) as the steering axle during turning, with the other two axles being fixed. While this steering mode offers good stability, its minimum turning radius is still limited by the chassis wheelbase and structure. In extremely confined spaces, its steering agility improvement is limited, failing to fundamentally solve the problem of excessively large turning radii.

[0005] Therefore, existing agricultural machinery, especially three-axle chassis machinery, still lacks sufficient steering flexibility, and there is an urgent need for a steering technology solution that can effectively reduce the turning radius and improve maneuverability in confined spaces. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, this utility model aims to provide a steering assist device for the chassis of agricultural three-axis machinery that can solve the above problems.

[0007] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A steering assist device for a three-axis agricultural machinery chassis includes a front frame and a rear frame. The front end of the front frame can be connected to a steering wheel axle, and a rear axle is mounted on the rear frame, which can be connected to two rear wheel axles. A first V-shaped bogie is fixed to one end of the front frame facing the rear frame, and a second V-shaped bogie is fixed to one end of the rear frame facing the front frame. The tips of the first and second V-shaped bogies are cross-hinged. An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle between the front and rear frames is provided between the first and second V-shaped bogies.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a first steering hydraulic cylinder and a second steering hydraulic cylinder. The first steering hydraulic cylinder is disposed between the front frame and the rear frame, with its front end hinged to the front frame and its rear end hinged to the rear frame or the second V-shaped bogie. The second steering hydraulic cylinder is disposed between the front frame and the rear frame, with its front end hinged to the front frame and its rear end hinged to the rear frame or the second V-shaped bogie. The first and second steering hydraulic cylinders are located on the left and right sides of the hinge point between the first and second V-shaped bogies.

[0009] Furthermore, the front frame includes two front frame plates arranged parallel to each other, and the front ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the inner sides of the two front frame plates.

[0010] Furthermore, front triangular support seats are provided on both sides of the front frame plate near the inner sides of the first V-shaped bogie, and the front ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder are hinged to the front triangular support seats.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear frame includes two parallel rear frame plates, and the rear ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the inner side of the two rear frame plates or the two sides of the second V-shaped bogie.

[0012] Furthermore, the top or bottom surface of the second V-shaped bogie is provided with two rear hinge shafts, and the rear ends of the first and second steering hydraulic cylinders are rotatably connected to the rear hinge shafts.

[0013] Furthermore, when the first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder have the same length, the first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder are parallel to each other.

[0014] Furthermore, both the first V-shaped bogie and the second V-shaped bogie are provided in two sets, arranged vertically.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: The agricultural three-axis machinery chassis steering auxiliary device of this utility model forms a two-stage steering combination with the existing steering wheel axle of agricultural machinery. The existing steering wheel axle is steered under the control of the steering wheel to complete the first stage of steering. The adjustment mechanism of this utility model adjusts the angle between the first V-shaped bogie and the second V-shaped bogie to adjust the angle between the front frame and the rear frame, thereby completing the second stage of steering, which can effectively reduce the turning radius of agricultural machinery.

[0016] The agricultural three-axis machinery chassis steering auxiliary device of this utility model is configured by setting a first steering hydraulic cylinder and a second steering hydraulic cylinder between the front frame and the rear frame. The first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder are controlled by an external controller. When the first steering hydraulic cylinder extends and the second steering hydraulic cylinder retracts, the entire front frame rotates to one side. When the first steering hydraulic cylinder retracts and the second steering hydraulic cylinder extends, the entire front frame rotates to the other side, thus completing the second stage of steering. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the agricultural three-axis machinery chassis steering auxiliary device in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the agricultural three-axis machinery chassis steering auxiliary device from another perspective.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steering auxiliary device of the agricultural three-axis machinery chassis in this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Steering wheel axle; 2. Rear axle frame; 3. First V-type bogie; 4. Second V-type bogie; 5. First steering hydraulic cylinder; 6. Second steering hydraulic cylinder; 7. Front frame plate; 8. Front triangular support seat; 9. Rear frame plate; 10. Rear articulated shaft; 11. Front articulated shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example

[0022] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the agricultural three-axis machinery chassis steering assist device in this embodiment includes a front frame and a rear frame. The front end of the front frame is used to connect the steering wheel axle 1. A rear axle frame 2 is provided on the rear frame, and the rear axle frame 2 is used to connect the two rear wheel axles.

[0023] A first V-shaped bogie 3 is fixed to the end of the front frame facing the rear frame, and a second V-shaped bogie 4 is fixed to the end of the rear frame facing the front frame. The tips of the first V-shaped bogie 3 and the second V-shaped bogie 4 are cross-hinged. An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle between the front frame and the rear frame is provided between the first V-shaped bogie 3 and the second V-shaped bogie 4.

[0024] In this embodiment, the front frame includes two parallel front frame plates 7, and a first V-shaped bogie 3 is fixed between the two front frame plates 7. The rear frame plates 9 include two parallel rear frame plates 9, and a second V-shaped bogie 4 is fixed between the two rear frame plates 9.

[0025] Preferably, the first V-shaped bogie 3 and the second V-shaped bogie 4 are provided in two sets and arranged vertically. The first V-shaped bogie 3 located above is hinged to the second V-shaped bogie 4 located above, and the first V-shaped bogie 3 located below is hinged to the second V-shaped bogie 4 located below.

[0026] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 and a second steering hydraulic cylinder 6. Both the first and second steering hydraulic cylinders are located between the front and rear frames, with their front ends hinged to two front frame plates 7, and their rear ends hinged to two rear frame plates 9 or a second V-shaped bogie 4. The first and second steering hydraulic cylinders are positioned on the left and right sides of the hinge point between the first and second V-shaped bogies 3 and 4, respectively. Furthermore, when the lengths of the first and second steering hydraulic cylinders are the same, they are parallel to each other.

[0027] In this embodiment, a front triangular support seat 8 is provided on the inner bottom side of the front frame plate 7 near the first V-shaped bogie 3. The front ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 are respectively hinged to the front triangular support seats 8 on the inner sides of the two frame plates, and the front hinge shaft 11 is vertically arranged. Two rear hinge shafts 10 are provided on the top or bottom surface of the second V-shaped bogie 4 located below. The rear hinge shafts 10 are vertically arranged, and the rear ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 are rotatably connected to the rear hinge shafts 10.

[0028] The working principle of the agricultural triaxial machinery chassis steering assist device in this embodiment is as follows: In this embodiment, the agricultural three-axis machinery chassis steering assist device forms a two-stage steering combination with the existing steering wheel axle 1 of the agricultural machinery. The existing steering wheel axle 1 is steered under the control of the steering wheel, thereby completing the first stage of steering. The adjustment mechanism in this utility model adjusts the angle between the first V-shaped bogie 3 and the second V-shaped bogie 4 to adjust the angle between the front frame and the rear frame, thereby completing the second stage of steering, which can effectively reduce the turning radius of agricultural machinery.

[0029] Specifically, the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 are controlled by an external controller. When the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 extends and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 retracts, the entire front frame rotates to one side. When the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 extends, the entire front frame rotates to the other side, completing the second stage of steering. This design allows agricultural machinery to reduce the turning radius to less than 60% of that of traditional single-stage steering when operating in complex terrain, significantly improving the mobility and efficiency of field operations. In actual operation, the external controller calculates the extension and retraction of the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 in real time based on the steering wheel input signal and the vehicle body tilt sensor data, ensuring a smooth and shock-free steering process. In addition, the cross-hinged structure of the first V-shaped bogie 3 and the second V-shaped bogie 4 is made of high-strength alloy steel, which can withstand a maximum torsional load of 50kN, enhancing the durability and stability of the device.

[0030] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism is also equipped with a hydraulic buffer valve to absorb vibration and impact during steering, protecting the hydraulic system from overload damage. This embodiment, through a two-stage steering combination, not only shortens the turning path but also reduces tire wear and extends the service life of the machinery.

[0031] In another specific implementation, when agricultural machinery needs to make a small-radius turn in a narrow area, the driver operates the steering wheel to trigger the first-level steering, i.e., the steering wheel axle 1 deflects. At the same time, the vehicle control unit automatically activates the second-level steering system based on the steering angle sensor signal: the extension and retraction strokes of the first steering hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 are precisely controlled by the proportional reversing valve. For example, when making a sharp left turn, the control system retracts the left first steering hydraulic cylinder 5, shortening its stroke by ΔL1, while the right second steering hydraulic cylinder 6 extends by the same amount, increasing its stroke by ΔL2=ΔL1, forcing a relative displacement between the hinge points of the first V-shaped bogie 3 and the second V-shaped bogie 4. At this time, the front frame deflects at an angle α relative to the rear frame with the front hinge axle 11 as the center. This angle range is controlled within 0°-35° by a mechanical limit block. In a standard orchard operation scenario with a row spacing of 2.8m, a tractor equipped with this device can achieve single-turn passage, reducing the number of forward and backward operations by 3 compared to a traditional three-axle chassis, and improving steering efficiency by more than 40%. The two sets of V-shaped bogie structures 3 and 4, arranged vertically, are rigidly linked by a through shaft to ensure uniform torque transmission during steering, avoiding stress concentration in single-layer structures. The hydraulic lines can also adopt a dual-redundancy design, so that if any angle sensor fails, the system can maintain basic steering function based on data from the cylinder displacement sensor.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An agricultural tri-axle machine chassis turning assist device, characterized by, include: A front frame, the front end of which can be connected to the steering wheel axle (1); The rear frame is provided with a rear axle frame (2), which can be connected to two rear wheel axles; A first V-shaped bogie (3) is fixed to one end of the front frame facing the rear frame, and a second V-shaped bogie (4) is fixed to one end of the rear frame facing the front frame. The tips of the first V-shaped bogie (3) and the second V-shaped bogie (4) are cross-hinged; An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle between the front frame and the rear frame is provided between the first V-shaped bogie (3) and the second V-shaped bogie (4).

2. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The adjustment mechanism includes: The first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) is located between the front frame and the rear frame, and the front end of the first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) is hinged to the front frame and the rear end is hinged to the rear frame or the second V-shaped bogie (4). The second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) is located between the front frame and the rear frame, and the front end of the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to the front frame and the rear end is hinged to the rear frame or the second V-shaped bogie (4). The first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) and the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) are located on the left and right sides of the hinge point between the first V-shaped bogie (3) and the second V-shaped bogie (4).

3. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The front frame includes two parallel front frame plates (7), and the front ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) and the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) are respectively hinged to the inner sides of the two front frame plates (7).

4. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The front frame plate (7) is provided with a front triangular support seat (8) near the interior of the first V-shaped bogie (3), and the front ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) and the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) are hinged to the front triangular support seat (8).

5. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist device of claim 4, wherein, The rear frame includes two parallel rear frame plates (9), and the rear ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) and the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) are respectively hinged to the inner side of the two rear frame plates (9) or the two sides of the second V-shaped bogie (4).

6. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The second V-shaped bogie (4) has two rear hinge shafts (10) on its top or bottom surface, and the rear ends of the first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) and the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) are rotatably connected to the rear hinge shafts (10).

7. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist apparatus of claim 6, wherein, When the lengths of the first steering hydraulic cylinder (5) and the second steering hydraulic cylinder (6) are the same, the first steering hydraulic cylinder and the second steering hydraulic cylinder are parallel to each other.

8. The agricultural tri-axle chassis turning assist device of claim 7, wherein, The first V-shaped bogie (3) and the second V-shaped bogie (4) are each provided in two sets and arranged vertically.

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