Disconnect switch arrangement

Abstract

Disconnect switch arrangement of an electrical power transmission device with a disconnecting section (2) extending along an axis (5) that passes approximately perpendicularly through a first plane (1) and lies in or parallel to a second plane (14), and with an earthing switch (10) for earthing a contact side (3, 4) of the disconnecting section (2) by means of a movable earthing contact piece and a counter-contact piece (13) that is electrically contacted with the contact side (3, 4), characterized in that the earthing contact piece is movable on a path of movement which runs both obliquely to the first plane (1) and obliquely to the second plane (14).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a disconnect switch arrangement of an electrical power transmission device with a disconnect section extending along an axis that passes approximately perpendicularly through a first plane and lies in or parallel to a second plane, and with an earthing switch for earthing a contact side of the disconnect section by means of a movable earthing contact piece and a counter-contact piece electrically contacted with the contact side.

[0002] Such a disconnect switch arrangement is described, for example, in the book "Switchgear," 9th revised edition, Cornelsen Verlag Schwann-Girardet, Düsseldorf, on pages 412 and 413. The disconnect switch arrangement described there is equipped with an isolating gap extending along an axis. The isolating gap is located between contact surfaces. Furthermore, the disconnect switch arrangement is equipped with an earthing switch, which allows one of the contact surfaces to be earthed as needed. In the known disconnect switch arrangement, a movable earthing contact is pivoted in a plane parallel to the axis of the isolating gap. Such a disconnect switch arrangement is also known from GB 2 349 509 A.

[0003] The dimensions of a disconnect switch assembly depend on the voltage level at which it is to be used. As the voltages to be controlled by the disconnect switch assembly increase, the assembly must be enlarged. This necessitates appropriate mechanical stabilization of the disconnect switch assembly. Pivoting the known grounding contact almost directly below the disconnection gap occupies space that could, for example, be advantageously used to accommodate bracing. To achieve sufficient mechanical stability of the disconnect switch assembly, the known design requires the use of space-consuming stabilizing elements.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a disconnect switch arrangement which also exhibits sufficient mechanical stability at higher voltage levels with compact external dimensions.

[0005] According to the invention, this is solved in a disconnect switch arrangement of the type mentioned above by making the earthing contact piece movable on a path of movement which runs obliquely to both the first plane and the second plane.

[0006] The grounding contact is moved from an off position to an on position at the mating contact to ground one contact side of the break. The movable grounding contact carries a ground potential. Thus, the grounding contact moves from its off position to its on position. The movement from the off position to the mating contact occurs along a path. This path can be traversed in a first direction from the off position to the mating contact to ground one contact side. Furthermore, a return movement of the grounding contact from the mating contact back to the off position is possible in a second direction. Preferably, the path of movement for an on operation should correspond to the path of movement for an off operation of the grounding switch.This allows for grounding and disconnection of a contact side of the isolating gap of the disconnect switch assembly. Preferably, it should be provided that the contact side can only be grounded when the isolating gap is open. For this purpose, a corresponding locking mechanism for the movable grounding contact can be provided, depending on the switching state of the isolating gap.

[0007] The path of movement can be straight or curved, for example, in a plane or through any space. Preferably, however, the movement of the grounding contact should be direct, ideally in a plane. An inclined path to both the first and second planes of the disconnect switch assembly allows the grounding contact to traverse areas adjacent to the disconnection zone (viewed axially) during its movement. This keeps the space directly below or in the immediate vicinity of the disconnection zone clear of the movement path. This area is thus free for additional components, such as bracing. Furthermore, spaces adjacent to the disconnection zone that must be kept clear for reasons of dielectric stability can be used to facilitate movement of the grounding contact.The grounding contact is thus moved through spaces that must be maintained to ensure sufficient dielectric strength. Particularly when grounding is to take place in the open state of the disconnection gap, i.e., in a state of near-zero voltage on the contact side to be grounded, moving the grounding contact through a space necessary for dielectric strength does not pose an increased risk. Furthermore, an inclined path offers the advantage over one perpendicular to the axis of movement that excessive lateral deflection of the grounding contact is prevented during movement. This is especially important in the off state, as it prevents the grounding contact from projecting far from the axis of the disconnection gap.

[0008] An oblique path of motion is understood to mean that, in a projection in the direction of an intersection line of the first and second planes, the path of motion is arranged outside the planes, i.e., regardless of the way in which the movable grounding contact piece moves, the path of motion of the grounding contact piece lies in neither of the two planes and is also not parallel to them.

[0009] Another advantageous embodiment can provide that the first and second planes form an intersection line, in the vicinity of which the counter-contact piece is arranged and the path of movement lies within a quadrant bounded by the two planes.

[0010] The two planes are perpendicular to each other and form a line of intersection. This line of intersection is located in the vicinity of a contact side of the disconnecting section. The line of intersection between the two planes should be positioned such that the mating contact is located in the vicinity, particularly in the immediate vicinity or on the line of intersection. "In the vicinity" means that the support frame carrying the mating contact to be grounded is, for example, partially penetrated by the line of intersection. In relation to the extent of the disconnecting section, the area in the vicinity of the line of intersection is the region that lies within a radius around the line of intersection, where the magnitude of the radius is smaller than the axial extent of the disconnecting section. Both the line of intersection and the mating contact are located near one of the contact sides of the disconnecting section of the disconnecting switch assembly.

[0011] In a projection along the line of intersection, the intersecting planes thus separate four quadrants, with the movement of the grounding contact piece occurring in one of these quadrants. The movement path should be designed such that it does not occur exclusively in or parallel to any one of the planes. A contacting side or the mating contact is preferably located at the origin of the coordinate system, with the axis of the separation path lying in or parallel to one of the planes.

[0012] Another advantageous embodiment can provide that the cutting line has a vertical position.

[0013] A vertical orientation of the cutting line allows for an almost right-angled connection of the disconnect switch assembly to other components of an electrical power transmission system. This enables continued simple assembly and / or a modular design, although the oblique movement path of the grounding contact deviates from the right angle of the construction.

[0014] A vertical alignment of the cutting lines, combined with a correspondingly perpendicular position of the planes to each other, supports a modular design of an electrical power transmission system.

[0015] Furthermore, it may be advantageous to provide that the disconnect switch arrangement includes a horizontal disconnect switch.

[0016] A horizontal disconnect switch has a horizontally oriented isolation gap, making such an arrangement easily suitable for outdoor installations. Horizontal disconnect switches can be designed, for example, as rotary disconnect switches, lever disconnect switches, toggle disconnect switches, double-swing disconnect switches, or single-swing disconnect switches, etc. The phase conductors on the disconnect switch assembly, as well as the isolation gap, are air-insulated, with the phase conductors positioned using solid insulators.

[0017] Horizontal disconnect switches preferably have contacts that are movable relative to each other in order to create or close a disconnect gap. This relative movement preferably occurs in a horizontal plane, i.e., in a plane perpendicularly intersected by a line of intersection between the first and second planes. A common feature of horizontal disconnect switches is that at least one of the contacts movable relative to each other is deflected out of the axis of the disconnect gap. This deflection can preferably be made in a horizontal direction and, furthermore, or alternatively, can also occur in other planes.

[0018] Another advantageous embodiment may provide that the path of motion runs in a plane which is neither perpendicular to the axis nor parallel to the axis and / or the axis lies outside the plane of the path of motion.

[0019] Preferably, the path of movement of the grounding contact should be in a plane. Within this plane, the path of movement can have various shapes. For example, the path can form a circular segment, at least in sections, or it can be linear or any other shape. With a planar path of movement for the grounding contact, the installation space required around the path of movement is limited. Thus, the grounding contact can, for example, be moved through gaps or other areas constricted by assemblies.

[0020] By aligning the plane of movement of the grounding contact outside the first and second planes, and by arranging the plane of movement differently from a parallel arrangement to the first and second planes, an oblique path of movement is created, which can be moved from an off position to the opposite contact and vice versa over a short distance. All lines of intersection of the first plane, the second plane, and the plane of movement of the movable grounding contact are advantageously aligned parallel to each other, so that an angle of less than 90° is enclosed between the plane of movement and the first and second planes, respectively, in the direction of the respective lines of intersection. Preferably, the angles should be approximately equal, i.e., in particular approximately 45°, whereby a deviation of + / - 20° can be considered permissible. The angles can have values ​​of approximately 25° to approximately 65°.The angles are complementary and together preferably amount to approximately 90°. Preferably, all planes, i.e., the first plane, the second plane, and the plane of the movement path, can intersect each other in a common line of intersection. However, it can also be provided that the lines of intersection lie within a circular radius, the radius of which is smaller than the axial extent of the separation distance of the disconnect switch arrangement.

[0021] Another advantageous embodiment can provide that the grounding contact piece is pivoted about a pivot point, in particular about an axis of rotation.

[0022] Pivoting the grounding contact around a pivot point or axis defines its position relative to that pivot point or axis. Pivoting the grounding contact allows for simple control of its path of movement. The grounding contact thus moves around the pivot point or axis along a path around the pivot point or axis. Preferably, this path should lie in a plane. However, it is also possible for the path of movement to pivot out of a plane.

[0023] Another advantageous embodiment may provide that the pivot point, in particular the axis of rotation, is arranged in the vicinity of an intersection line of the first and the second plane.

[0024] Positioning the pivot point or axis of rotation near the intersection of the first and second planes allows for a short movement path of the grounding contact from its off position to its on position within the grounding contact itself. Particularly when the mating contact is located near or on the intersection of the first and second planes, and the pivot point is also positioned near this intersection, this allows for simple guidance of the grounding contact. For example, the grounding contact can be attached to a rigid element that pivots around the pivot point or axis of rotation. The area surrounding the intersection is defined by a circle whose radius is smaller than the axial extent of the separation path.Advantageously, the mating contact and the pivot point / axis of rotation are located in the same vicinity of the cutting line. Advantageously, the mating contact and / or the pivot point / axis of rotation should be aligned one behind the other along the cutting line.

[0025] Another advantageous embodiment can provide that the mating contact of the grounding contact is intercepted at a contacting side of the separation gap.

[0026] The mating contact of the earthing contact should advantageously be supported by a frame of the disconnect switch assembly. Preferably, the mating contact should be electrically connected to a contact side of the disconnect gap. This electrically conductive connection between the mating contact and a contact side of the disconnect gap can serve as an electrical contact. Alternatively, this connection can be dimensioned such that the mating contact is supported by the contact side of the disconnect gap. This allows the frame of the disconnect switch assembly to absorb forces that may emanate from the mating contact.The support frame should preferably have an electrically insulating arrangement to provide insulated mechanical support for the mating contact piece and the associated contact side of the separation gap, and, if necessary, to ensure electrical isolation from components carrying differing electrical potentials. Column insulators, for example, can be used as the support frame.

[0027] Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that several, in particular three, separating sections extending in one axis are aligned parallel to each other and that a movement path of at least one earthing contact piece extends into a space located between immediately adjacent separating sections.

[0028] Electrical power transmission devices are frequently used for multi-phase electrical power transmission systems. A disconnecting section serves to create a separation point in one of the phases of a multi-phase electrical power transmission system. Several disconnecting sections arranged in parallel form a disconnect switch assembly, which can be used in multi-phase electrical power transmission systems. Accordingly, the disconnecting sections, which are air-insulated, must be spaced apart from each other to prevent short-circuiting between the individual disconnecting sections or their contact surfaces. The axes of the disconnecting sections should preferably be aligned parallel to each other, so that spaces are arranged between the disconnecting sections, which provide electrical isolation between the disconnecting sections of the disconnect switch assembly.When using horizontal disconnect switches, movable contacts can move into these spaces during a switching operation. In particular, it can be designed so that all movement paths of all earthing contacts run within these spaces. These spaces, filled with atmospheric air, can also accommodate the movement path of an earthing contact. This gives these areas an additional function, thus avoiding the need to increase the installation space to accommodate a movement path for the earthing contact or to house the earthing contact in the off state. Instead, the spaces necessary to achieve sufficient dielectric strength can be used more effectively without increasing the installation space of the disconnect switch assembly.

[0029] Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that several of the separation sections are each equipped with a separate earthing contact piece, wherein the movement paths of several earthing contact pieces extend into a space located between immediately adjacent separation sections.

[0030] It can be provided that several earthing contacts of several isolation sections of the disconnect switch arrangement are designed such that their paths of movement extend into the spaces located between immediately adjacent isolation sections. It can be advantageously provided that several earthing contacts project into a single space. In particular, a space can be shared by earthing contacts of the isolation sections that are arranged immediately adjacent to and defining the space.

[0031] Another advantageous embodiment can provide that the grounding contact piece is arranged at a free end of a swivel arm.

[0032] A swivel arm, for example, is attached to a pivot point or axis of rotation and can move around this pivot point or axis. A corresponding grounding contact is arranged at the free end of the swivel arm, which is movable along a path of movement. Depending on the design of the pivot point, the swivel arm may only pivot around a single axis, resulting in a path of movement for the movable grounding contact that lies in a single plane. However, it is also possible that, with a pivot point that allows a high number of degrees of freedom, such as a ball joint, the path of movement of the grounding contact can be realized through several planes, whereby the radial distance to the pivot point is kept as constant as possible along the swivel arm. In a simple embodiment, the swivel arm can have a fixed length.Furthermore, it can also be provided that the swivel arm is designed to be variable in length, so that a path of movement that the movable grounding contact piece can follow can be selected almost arbitrarily.

[0033] An embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in a drawing below and described in more detail below.

[0034] This shows Fig. 1. A side view of a disconnect switch arrangement, which Fig. 2 a front view of the Fig. 1 known disconnect switch arrangement and the Fig. 3 a top view of the from the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 known disconnect switch arrangements.

[0035] The Fig. Figure 1 shows a side view of a disconnect switch assembly. The disconnect switch assembly has a disconnect gap 2. The disconnect gap 2 is located between a first contact side 3 and a second contact side 4. The disconnect gap 2 is aligned along an axis 5 lying in a second plane 14. The drawing plane of the Fig. 1 lies parallel to the second plane 14. The two contacting sides 3 and 4 are arranged aligned along axis 5, limiting the separation distance 2. A first support insulator 6 is arranged at the first contacting side 3. A second support insulator 7 is arranged at the second contacting side 4. The two support insulators 6 and 7 are columnar and their longitudinal axes are aligned parallel to each other. The longitudinal axes are aligned with a vertical. A rotary insulator 8 is arranged aligned between the two support insulators 6 and 7, i.e., in the direction of axis 5. The rotary insulator 8 is oriented essentially parallel to the first and second support insulators 6 and 7, and is rotatably mounted about its columnar longitudinal axis, i.e., about a vertical.A movable contact piece 9 is arranged at a free end of the rotary insulator 8. The movable contact piece 9 is essentially linearly elongated and is connected to the rotary insulator 8 approximately centrally. The free ends of the contact piece 9 are each in contact with the two contacting sides 3, 4 of the separation gap 2. By rotating the rotary insulator 8, the movable contact piece 9 can be moved away from the two contacting sides 3, 4, so that the separation gap 2 between the two contacting sides 3, 4 is opened.

[0036] An earthing switch 10 is arranged at the first contacting side 3. The earthing switch 10 has a pivoting arm 11. The pivoting arm 11 is pivotable about an axis of rotation 12. The axis of rotation 12 is located at a base point of the first support insulator 6. The pivoting arm 11 is pivotable about the axis of rotation 12. An earthing contact is arranged at the free end of the pivoting arm 11. Due to the restriction of the degree of freedom of movement of the pivoting arm 11 by the axis of rotation 12, the movable earthing contact is movable in a circular path in a plane. The free end of the pivoting arm 11, i.e., the earthing contact, can be engaged in a mating contact 13 during a pivoting movement of the pivoting arm 11. The mating contact 13 is electrically connected to the first contacting side 3 of the separation gap 2 and mechanically supported by the support insulator 6.The swivel arm 11 and thus also the grounding contact piece is supplied with earth potential, so that the counter contact piece 13 can be supplied with earth potential depending on a swivel movement.

[0037] For example, a dashed line in the Fig. 1. The position of a first level 1 is shown. The drawing level of the Fig. Figure 1 defines the position of the second plane 14. The first plane 1 and the second plane 14 are perpendicular to each other. A line of intersection formed between the two planes 1 and 14 is vertically oriented. The line of intersection lies in the vicinity of the axis of rotation 12, the mating contact piece 13, and the first contacting side 3. In particular, the line of intersection can pass through the mating contact piece 13. The axis 5 lies in the second plane 14 or is aligned parallel to it.

[0038] In the Fig. 2 is a front view of the Fig. 1 known disconnect switch arrangement shown. In the Fig. 2. It can be seen that several identically constructed separation sections 2 are arranged in a straight line one behind the other. In the Fig. 2 are examples of those in the Fig. 1. Separating section 2 and its supplementary components are marked with reference numerals. The other separating sections each have a similar structure to those in the Fig. 1. Shown separation section 2.

[0039] The drawing plane of the Fig. 2 lies parallel to the first plane 1, with the position of the second plane 14 indicated by a dashed line. The two planes form a line of intersection, which corresponds to the one in the Fig. 1 with the reference mark 1, dotted line and in the Fig. 2 corresponds to the dashed line marked with reference numeral 14. The cutting line is vertically oriented and passes through the mating contact piece 13. In the Fig. 2 the deflection of the swivel arm 11 is still visible, so that in conjunction with the Fig. As is evident in Figure 1, the swivel arm 11 is neither located in nor parallel to the second plane 14, nor in nor parallel to the first plane 1. The swivel path of the grounding contact piece therefore lies in a plane that is different from the first plane 1 and the second plane 14, as well as from planes that are aligned parallel to these. As shown in the Fig. 1 and in the Fig. As can still be seen in Figure 2, both the axis of rotation or pivot point 12 of the earthing switch 10 and the mating contact 13 of the earthing switch 10 are arranged in the vicinity of the intersection line between the first plane 1 and the second plane 14. This results in the swivel arm 11 being aligned almost parallel to the vertical axis when the earthing switch 10 is switched on.

[0040] In the Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 indicates, by means of clockwise rotating arrows, that the movable contact piece 9 must be rotated clockwise to open the separation gap 2. For this purpose, the rotary insulator 8 is rotated about its longitudinal axis so that the movable contact piece 9 is moved away from the first contacting side 3 and the second contacting side 4. The movable contact piece 9 thus generates a relative movement between itself and the stationary contacting sides 3 and 4, with the path of this relative movement lying in a horizontal plane.

[0041] The Fig. Figure 3 shows a top view of the [unclear] from the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 known disconnect switch arrangements, so that the drawing plane of the Fig. 3 corresponds to a horizontal line.

[0042] In the Fig. 3 is again only the one in the Fig. 1 and Fig. Two separating sections are marked with reference numerals. The spaced-apart, identical, parallel separating sections are shown without reference numerals.

[0043] The Fig. Figure 3 shows the two contact surfaces 3 and 4 of the isolating section 2. Furthermore, the broken solid lines illustrate the movement of the movable contact piece 9 from an on position to an off position. It can be seen that this movement occurs horizontally, so that the isolating switch arrangement is as follows: Fig. The arrangement comprises 1 to 3 horizontal disconnect switches. Furthermore, the position of the swivel arm 11 is more clearly visible in the top view of the disconnect switch arrangement. The axis of rotation 12 is arranged in the vicinity of a line of intersection between the first plane 1 and the second plane 14, with the line of intersection running approximately through the first contact side 3. Both the axis of rotation 12 and the mating contact 13 are arranged significantly closer to the line of intersection (in particular, on the line of intersection) than the magnitude of the axial extent of the disconnecting distance 2 in the direction of the axis 5. The axis of rotation 12 and the mating contact 13 are also arranged significantly closer to the line of intersection than half the magnitude of the disconnecting distance 2. In the top view of the Fig. Figure 3 defines the plane in which the pivot path of the grounding contact lies, as indicated by the position of the swivel arm 11 and the grounding contact located at its free end. The swivel arm 11, with its linearly elongated shape, also lies in this plane. This plane projects perpendicularly from the plane of the drawing. Fig. 3 and thus perpendicular to the horizontal. A line of intersection between the first plane 1 and the second plane 14 lies in the area of ​​the counter-contact 13. A line of intersection between the plane of the movement path and the first plane 14 lies in the area of ​​the first contact side 3. In the top view of the Fig. An angle β is enclosed between the plane of motion and the first plane 1. The plane of motion of the grounding contact and the second plane 14 also form a line of intersection. In the top view of this line of intersection, an angle α is enclosed between the second plane 14 and the plane of motion of the grounding contact. Angles α and β are approximately equal. Thus, angles α and β each measure approximately 45°. However, deviations of approximately + / - 20° are also permissible. Angles α and β are complementary angles. The lines of intersection between the first plane and the plane of motion, as well as the line of intersection between the second plane 14 and the plane of motion, can be coincident or different. If they are coincident, the lines of intersection of the first plane 1, the second plane 14, and the plane of motion should be located in the area of ​​the first contacting side 3.In the case of multiple cutting lines, the cutting lines should be parallel to each other.

[0044] In the Fig. Figure 3 shows that the disconnect switch arrangement can be used in a multi-phase electrical power transmission system, since three disconnect sections are arranged approximately parallel to each other. The disconnect sections of the disconnect switch arrangement are each constructed identically. An earthing switch is provided at each disconnect section, with spaces between immediately adjacent disconnect sections serving to accommodate the movement paths of earthing contacts. In the present example, two earthing contacts, intended for earthing the contact surfaces of the three disconnect sections, are positioned within the spaces bounded between the disconnect sections. An outer disconnect section 2, i.e., the disconnect section which is located in the Fig.The earthing contact element, designated with reference numeral 3, is designed such that the earthing contact element and its path of movement are located outside of any space between immediately adjacent separation sections and also complete their path of movement outside of such a space. It can further be provided that the earthing contact element located outside the spaces according to the exemplary embodiment is also mirrored into one of the spaces, so that all earthing contact elements have a path of movement that lies in spaces directly bounded by separation sections. It should be ensured that the paths of movement of different earthing contact elements do not cross.

[0045] In addition to the horizontal disconnect switch design shown in the figures, alternative horizontal disconnect switch designs can also be used. The same applies to the design of the earthing switch.

Claims

[1] Disconnector arrangement of an electrical energy transmission device with an isolating section (2) extending along an axis (5) passing through a first plane (1) approximately vertically and itself lying in or parallel to a second plane (14), and with an earthing switch (10) for earthing a contact side (3, 4) of the isolating section (2) by means of a movable earthing contact piece and a counter-contact piece (13) electrically contacted with the contact side (3, 4), characterized by that the earthing contact piece is movable on a movement path which runs both obliquely to the first plane (1) and obliquely to the second plane (14). [2] Disconnector arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by that the first and the second plane (1, 14) form an intersection line, in the vicinity of which the counter contact piece (13) is arranged and the movement path lies within a quadrant limited by the two planes (1, 14). [3] Disconnector arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the cutting line has a vertical position. [4] Disconnector arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the circuit breaker arrangement comprises a horizontal circuit breaker. [5] Disconnector arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the movement path runs in a plane which is neither perpendicular to the axis (5) nor parallel to the axis (5) and / or the axis (5) lies outside the plane of the movement path. [6] Disconnector arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the earthing contact piece is pivoted about a pivot point, in particular about a rotation axis (12). [7] Disconnector arrangement according to claim 6, characterized by that the pivot point, in particular the axis of rotation (12) is arranged in the vicinity of an intersection line of the first and the second plane (1, 14). [8] Disconnector arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the mating contact piece (13) of the earthing contact piece is intercepted on a contact side (3, 4) of the isolating distance (2). [9] Disconnector arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by that several, in particular three isolating sections (2) each extending in an axis are aligned parallel to one another and a movement path of at least one earthing contact piece extends into a space located between immediately adjacent isolating sections (2). [10] Disconnector arrangement according to claim 9, characterized by that several of the isolating sections (2) are each equipped with a separate earthing contact piece, wherein movement paths of several earthing contact pieces extend into a space located between immediately adjacent isolating sections (2). [11] Disconnector arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized bythat the earthing contact piece is arranged at a free end of a pivoting arm (11).

Images