SOLAR CELL MODULE AND SOLAR CELL POWER SYSTEM WITH ICE MELTING FUNCTION

Abstract

A solar cell module (1) and a solar energy power system with an ice-melting function are disclosed. The solar cell module (1) comprises a carrier (100), a flexible lithium-ceramic battery (110), a first interconnect layer (120), a conductive heating film layer (130), a second interconnect layer (140), several solar cells (150), a layer of waterproof film (160), a third interconnect layer (17), a highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer (180), and a ring interconnect wall (190). In the invention, a portion of the power generated by the solar cells (150) is stored in the flexible lithium-ceramic battery (110). When the solar cell module (1) is exposed to temperatures below freezing, the power in the flexible lithium ceramic battery (110) can be controlled to deliver it to the conductive heating film layer (130) to generate heat and melt ice on the surface of the solar cell module (1).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a solar energy power system. More particularly, the present invention relates to a solar cell module and a solar energy power system with ice melting function.

[0002] A solar cell is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy and is also known as a photovoltaic cell. It works based on the photoelectric effect. When sunlight hits the surface of a solar cell, photons strike the semiconductor material, excite electrons, and generate electrical current. This electrical energy can be harvested and stored for daily use or for storage purposes. Today's solar cell technology is already very mature and is widely used. It is often used to supply electricity in residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Many countries and regions are promoting solar power generation because it helps reduce dependence on traditional fossil fuels, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and combats climate change. Solar cells are becoming more attractive as their costs continue to fall and their efficiency increases.Continuous technological innovations such as single-crystal solar cells, thin-film solar cells, and organic solar cells are contributing to expanding the scope of applications. Solar cells are also used in many remote regions or in areas where the power grid is unstable to provide reliable power. As a clean and renewable energy source, solar cells are continually transforming the energy industry and making an important contribution to sustainable development.

[0003] When used in tropical or subtropical regions, solar cells encounter few problems. In cold regions, however, several issues exist that affect their operation. One main reason is the adverse effect of low temperatures and climatic conditions on solar cell performance. First, low temperatures reduce solar cell performance. As the solar cell voltage drops, the current drops, resulting in reduced output power.

[0004] Snow and frost, common in cold regions, can also cover the surface of solar cells, further reducing their light absorption and diminishing power generation. Extremely low temperatures can also affect the material properties of solar cells and shorten battery life. To overcome these problems, solar power generation systems in cold regions may require more insulation measures, such as heating systems, to ensure the solar cell operates normally even in extreme cold conditions. Regularly cleaning the solar cell module surface to remove snow and frost also contributes to improved performance.However, the use of both additional insulation devices and snow and frost removal equipment places a significant cost burden on the solar power generation system. Furthermore, it is not cost-effective to use the energy generated by the solar cell primarily to maintain its ambient temperature.

[0005] JP 7 412 744 B2 discloses a solar cell module with ice melting function, comprising: a carrier; a battery having a positive contact and a negative contact; a first interconnection layer laid over and connected to the first region; a conductive heating module disposed over the first interconnection layer and connected to the carrier through the first interconnection layer; a second interconnection layer laid over and connected to the conductive heating module; a plurality of solar cells fixed in the second interconnection layer, wherein the plurality of solar cells are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series and electrical energy converted from solar energy is output through a positive conductor and a negative conductor; a third interconnection layer;a layer of highly transparent light-concentrating polycarbonate having a surface comprising a plurality of brightness-enhancing structures having a three-dimensional shape, connected to the top surface of the third interconnect layer, wherein multidirectional light rays from the outside are directed through the brightness-enhancing structures into the interior of the brightness-enhancing structures and fall downward onto the solar cells; and a circuit switch installed on one of the conductors for energizing or opening an electrical circuit between the battery and the conductive heating module;

[0006] DE 10 2021 122 973 A1 discloses a solar cell module comprising: a carrier comprising a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, wherein a plurality of through holes are formed in the second region; a first interconnection layer laid over and connected to the first region; an insulating layer; a second interconnection layer; a plurality of solar cells fixed in the second interconnection layer, wherein the plurality of solar cells are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series and electrical energy converted from solar energy is output through a positive conductor and a negative conductor;a layer of highly transparent light-concentrating fluorine element, having a surface having a plurality of brightness enhancement structures having a three-dimensional corrugated shape, wherein multidirectional light rays from the outside are directed through the brightness enhancement structures into the interior of the brightness enhancement structures and fall downward onto the solar cells;

[0007] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems that arise when using solar cells in cold regions.

[0008] To achieve this object, some proposed solutions of the present invention are disclosed, among others; further features are disclosed in the following sections. Various modifications and similar arrangements are intended to be covered that fall within the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a solar cell module with ice melting function according to independent claim 1. It comprises: a substrate comprising a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, wherein a plurality of through-holes are formed in the first region adjacent to the second region; a flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) fixed under the first region and having a positive contact and a negative contact; a first interconnection layer laid over and connected to the first region; a conductive heater foil layer disposed over the first interconnection layer and connected to the substrate through the first interconnection layer; a second interconnection layer laid over and connected to the conductive heater foil layer;a plurality of solar cells fixed in the second interconnection layer, wherein the plurality of solar cells are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series, and electrical energy converted from solar energy is output through a positive conductor and a negative conductor, wherein the positive conductor extends from the second interconnection layer and passes through one of the through-holes to be electrically connected to the positive contact and a positive end of a load, and the negative conductor extends from the second interconnection layer and passes through another of the through-holes to be electrically connected to the negative contact and a negative end of the load; a layer of waterproof film bonded to the top of the second interconnection layer and preventing moisture from penetrating the underlying structure;a third bonding layer superimposed over and bonded to the waterproof film layer; a layer of highly transparent light-concentrating ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) having a surface comprising a plurality of brightness enhancement structures having a three-dimensional corrugated shape bonded to the top surface of the third bonding layer, wherein multidirectional light rays from the outside are directed through the brightness enhancement structures into the interior of the brightness enhancement structures and fall downward onto the solar cells;and a ring connection wall that is connected in a surrounding manner to the sides of the first connection layer, the conductive heating foil layer, the second connection layer, the waterproof foil layer, and the third connection layer. The positive contact and the negative contact are each connected to the conductive heating foil layer by a conductor through one of the through holes, and a circuit switch is installed on one of the conductors to energize or open an electrical circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating foil layer.

[0010] The dependent claims 2 to 10 show further advantageous embodiments of the solar cell module.

[0011] According to the present invention, another solar cell module with ice melting function is also proposed according to independent claim 11. It comprises: a substrate comprising a first region and a second region surrounding the first region; a first interconnection layer laid over and connected to the first region; a flexible lithium ceramic battery fixed in the first interconnection layer and having a positive contact and a negative contact; a conductive heating foil layer disposed over the first interconnection layer and connected to the substrate through the first interconnection layer; a second interconnection layer laid over and connected to the conductive heating foil layer;a plurality of solar cells fixed in the second interconnect layer, wherein the plurality of solar cells are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series, and electrical energy converted from solar energy is output through a positive conductor and a negative conductor, wherein the positive conductor extends from the second interconnect layer to be electrically connected to the positive contact and a positive end of a load, and the negative conductor extends from the second interconnect layer to be in direct electrical connection with the negative contact and a negative end of the load; a layer of waterproof film bonded to the top of the second interconnect layer and preventing moisture from penetrating the underlying structure; a third interconnect layer laid over and bonded to the layer of waterproof film;a layer of highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE having a surface comprising a plurality of brightness enhancement structures having a three-dimensional corrugated shape connected to the top surface of the third interconnecting layer, wherein multidirectional light rays from the outside are directed through the brightness enhancement structures into the interior of the brightness enhancement structures and fall downward onto the solar cells;and a ring connection wall that is connected in a surrounding manner to the sides of the first connection layer, the conductive heating foil layer, the second connection layer, the waterproof foil layer, and the third connection layer. The positive contact and the negative contact are each connected to the conductive heating foil layer by a conductor, and a circuit switch is installed on one of the conductors to energize or open an electrical circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating foil layer.

[0012] The dependent claims 12 to 20 show further advantageous embodiments of the solar cell module.

[0013] In the solar cell module with ice melting function, a temperature sensor may further be installed on the second region to measure the temperature on the carrier and transmit the measurement results to the outside through a signal line.

[0014] Preferably, a material of the carrier can be stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy or plastic.

[0015] Preferably, a material of the first connecting layer can be ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin elastomers (POE) or expandable polyethylene (EPE).

[0016] Preferably, a material of the second connecting layer can be EVA, POE or EPE.

[0017] Preferably, a material of the third connecting layer can be EVA, POE or EPE.

[0018] Preferably, a material of the ring connecting wall can be EVA, POE or EPE.

[0019] Preferably, a material of the conductive heating foil layer may be conductive graphene heating paper, conductive graphene nonwoven fabric, or conductive graphene fabric.

[0020] Preferably, a material of the layer of waterproof film can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ETFE or polycarbonate (PC).

[0021] Preferably, the three-dimensional corrugated shape of the brightness enhancement structure is a circle, wherein the circles are adjacent to each other when viewed in plan view.

[0022] According to the present invention, a solar energy power system with ice-melting function is also proposed according to claim 21. It comprises: a plurality of solar cell modules; a pair of DC bus bars, a positive DC bus bar electrically connected to extension ends of the positive conductors of the solar cell modules and a negative DC bus bar electrically connected to extension ends of the negative conductors of the solar cell modules; an inverter that converts DC input power into AC power that meets grid connection specifications and feeds the converted AC power into a power grid;a power output control device electrically coupled to the pair of DC bus conductors and electrically connected to the inverter, which integrates the DC power generated by all the solar cell modules and breaks the electrical coupling to the pair of DC bus conductors when a current exceeds a set value, converts a portion of the integrated DC power into DC power having an operating voltage, and then outputs the converted DC power and supplies the remaining integrated DC power to the inverter;and a circuit switch control circuit electrically connected to the power output control device and in signal communication with the circuit switches and temperature sensors of the solar cell modules, wherein a temperature measurement value is continuously received from any temperature sensors and the following operations are performed: determining whether the temperature measurement value is less than 0 degrees Celsius, and if the judgment in operation a) is true, turning on the circuit switch of the solar cell module on which the temperature sensor is arranged to energize the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer to heat the solar cell module;and c) if the temperature measurement value transmitted by the temperature sensor of the solar cell module after heating is higher than a target temperature, turning off the circuit switch of the solar cell module to break the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating foil layer. According to the present invention, the target temperature can be between 5 degrees Celsius and 25 degrees Celsius.

[0023] According to the present invention, a portion of the power generated by the solar cell is stored in the flexible lithium ceramic battery. When the solar cell module encounters subzero temperatures, the power in the flexible lithium ceramic battery can be controlled to be delivered to the conductive heating foil layer to generate heat and melt ice on the surface of the solar cell module. Using the flexible lithium ceramic battery instead of a snow removal and ice melting device is cost-effective. Also, only a portion of the electrical energy generated by the solar cell is used to maintain the temperature of the solar cell module at a level where water vapor cannot condense. Excessive power consumption is not affected, so the power generation efficiency is not affected.

[0024] Claim 22 shows another embodiment of the solar energy power system.

[0025] The invention is described in detail below using preferred embodiments with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 is a top view of a solar cell module with ice melting function according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module along the line AA' in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module along the line BB' in Fig. 1. Fig. Figure 4 illustrates the approach and effect of the brightness enhancement structure on changing a light path. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a solar cell module with ice melting function according to another embodiment of the present invention and Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the components of a solar energy power system with ice melting function that uses multiple solar cell modules with ice melting function.

[0026] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments.

[0027] Fig. Figure 1 shows a top view of a solar cell module 1 with ice melting function according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the sake of simplified explanation, the figures show several cross-sectional views of the solar cell module 1. Fig. 2 a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 1 along the line AA' in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 1 along the line BB' in Fig. 1. It should be noted that the figures are not drawn to scale according to the actual product design for the sake of illustration. For example, the ratio of the actual length and thickness of the solar cell module 1 may be several hundred to one. Such a design results in an extremely reduced representation in which the contents cannot be clearly seen. Therefore, the thickness in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is shown significantly larger in relation to its length and width. The positional relationships between the components and the thickness, length, and width of the components are also for illustrative purposes only, and the invention is not limited to the content of the drawings.

[0028] Structurally, the solar cell module 1 of the present embodiment includes a substrate 100, a flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) 110, a first interconnect layer 120, a conductive heater film layer 130, a second interconnect layer 140, a plurality of solar cells 150, a waterproof film 160, a third interconnect layer 170, a highly transparent light-concentrating ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) layer 180, and a ring interconnect wall 190. The characteristics, functions, materials, and combination methods of the above-mentioned technical components will be described in detail below.

[0029] The support 100 serves to support the other components and must have sufficient strength. It is preferably heat-, cold-, and moisture-resistant. Therefore, the support 100 can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic. In the present embodiment, stainless steel is used as an illustrative example. In principle, there is no limitation on the appearance of the support 100. The shape of the support 100 in the present embodiment is, for example, rectangular. The support 100 includes a first region 101 and a second region 102 surrounding the first region 101. The first region 101 is a region for stacking other technical components for power generation, and the second region 102 is a region for installing a temperature sensor T that monitors the solar cell module 1, and shape-fixing screw holes H.In the present embodiment, the first region 101 is a small rectangular region in the center of the carrier 100, and the second region 102 is arranged at the periphery of the first region 101, forming another, larger hollow rectangular region at the periphery. Note that a plurality of through-holes V are formed in the first region 101 adjacent to the second region 102. The through-holes V serve to electrically connect components formed above the first region 101 to underlying components through the through-holes V.

[0030] The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 is a secondary battery that is extremely thin relative to its length, and is soft and flexible, yet has high power storage efficiency. The present invention uses the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 as a power source for heating the solar cell module 1 when low temperatures occur. The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 is fixed under the first region 101 and has a positive contact 111 and a negative contact 112. The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 can be fixed with adhesive or screws. If necessary, the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 can be coated with a bonding protection layer using a material such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin elastomers (POE), or expandable polyethylene (EPE).

[0031] The first bonding layer 120 is placed over and bonded to the first region 101. Its material is EVA. The first bonding layer 120 can be implemented using a piece of EVA film of an appropriate size, which is heated and pressed under specific conditions to melt, bond, and adhesively cure, thus bonding the carrier 100 and the conductive heating film layer 130 thereon. EVA is non-sticky and non-adherent at room temperature. After curing, the EVA film is transparent and has very high light transmittance. The cured EVA film is elastic and has the advantages of heat resistance, moisture resistance, low-temperature resistance, and shock resistance, as well as good adhesion to metallic glass and plastic. It can maintain the overall stability of the solar cell module 1 (so it is not easily broken).Considering environmental factors, the material of the first connecting layer 120 may also be POE or EPE, which have similar properties to EVA.

[0032] The conductive heating foil layer 130 is arranged over the first connecting layer 120 and connected to the substrate 100 through the first connecting layer 120. The conductive heating foil layer 130 generates heat when direct current is passed through it, forming an electrical circuit, which is the main technical component for heating the solar cell module 1 at low temperatures. According to the present invention, a material of the conductive heating foil layer 130 can be conductive graphene heating paper, conductive graphene nonwoven fabric, or conductive graphene fabric.

[0033] The second interconnect layer 140 is placed over and bonded to the conductive heating foil layer 130. A plurality of solar cells 150 are fixed in the second interconnect layer 140. Like the first interconnect layer 120, the second interconnect layer 140 can use EVA, POE, or EPE as its material. However, the approach is slightly different. In the present embodiment, a piece of EVA film can be placed over the conductive heating foil layer 130. After hot pressing, the solar cells 150 are placed on the EVA film in a molten state, after which another piece of EVA film is placed on the solar cells 150. Heating then completes the melting, bonding, and adhesive curing.

[0034] It will be Fig. 1. For the sake of illustrative explanation, the present embodiment uses six solar cells 150. These solar cells 150 are fixed in the second interconnection layer 140. The solar cells 150 are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series. The solar cells 150 are connected in parallel in groups of three in the present embodiment, and the two groups are connected in series. These solar cells 150 output electrical energy converted from solar energy through a positive conductor 151 and a negative conductor 152. The positive conductor 151 and the negative conductor 152 may be copper foil conductors. They are in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 with thick solid lines. The positive conductor 151 extends from the second interconnect layer 140 and passes through one of the through-holes V to electrically connect to the positive contact 111 and a positive end of a load (e.g., a light fixture or a DC bus bar of a solar energy power system). The negative conductor 152 extends from the second interconnect layer 140 and passes through another of the through-holes V to electrically connect to the negative contact 112 and a negative end of the load. It can be seen that these solar cells 150 and the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 form an electrical circuit. At the same time, they also form an electrical circuit with the load. The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 is connected in parallel with the load.In addition to supplying the load, the DC power generated by the solar cell 150 also charges the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 until the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 can no longer absorb any power.

[0035] The waterproof film layer 160 is bonded to the top surface of the second bonding layer 140 and prevents moisture from penetrating the underlying structure. According to the present invention, the material of the waterproof film layer 160 may be, without limitation, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ETFE, or polycarbonate (PC).

[0036] The third bonding layer 170 is placed over and bonded to the waterproof film layer 160. The material and construction method for the third bonding layer 170 are the same as for the first bonding layer 120 and will not be described again.

[0037] The highly transparent, light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 has a top surface. The top surface has a number of brightness enhancement structures with a three-dimensional, corrugated shape. The layer 180 of highly transparent, light-concentrating ETFE is connected to the top surface of the third connecting layer, whereby multidirectional light rays are directed from the outside through the brightness enhancement structures into the interior of the brightness enhancement structures and fall downwards onto the solar cells 150. For a better understanding of the brightness enhancement structure, see Fig. 4. It illustrates the approach and effect of the brightness enhancement structure on the change of a light path. In Fig. 4, the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 is the technical component of the solar cell modules 1 that serves to absorb external light rays. The top surface of the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 has a number of brightness-enhancing structures 181, each having a three-dimensional corrugated shape. Cross-sectional edge shapes with a peak-and-valley structure can be achieved at any cross section of the brightness-enhancing structure 181. The three-dimensional corrugated shape of the brightness-enhancing structure 181 is a circle, with the circles lying adjacent to each other when viewed from above, each circle having a radius of curvature of at most 1 mm. The light path of the incident light is represented by a single arrow or solid arrows.Due to the three-dimensional corrugated shape of the brightness enhancement structure 181, external light rays can be directed into the brightness enhancement structure 181 from multiple directions. For example, the light rays are refracted along a light path L1 and directed to the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180; along a light path L2, the light rays enter the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 after being refractured and fully reflected; along a light path L3, the angle of incidence of the light rays is perpendicular to the incident surface, which is why the light rays do not change direction but directly enter the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180. Based on these three light paths, more light rays can enter the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 from outside the highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180.Thus, the solar cells 150 can obtain more light rays, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells 150 is also increased.

[0038] The annular connecting wall 190 is connected in a surrounding manner to the sides of the first connecting layer 120, the conductive heating foil layer 130, the second connecting layer 140, the waterproof foil layer 160, and the third connecting layer 170. The annular connecting wall 190 is a protective layer formed after the materials of the first connecting layer 120, the second connecting layer 140, and the third connecting layer 170 are melted, overflowed, and condensed to the sides. Therefore, the material is EVA, POE, or EPE.

[0039] The most important function of the present invention is that at a low temperature of the solar cell module 1 (below 0 degrees Celsius), controlled heat can be generated, which can melt ice condensed on the surface, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module 1. Heating is performed by the conductive heating foil layer 130. For controllable heating, the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 has the following special design. As shown in Fig. 2, the positive contact 111 and the negative contact 112 of the flexible lithium-ceramic battery 110 are each connected to the conductive heating foil layer 130 by a conductor W through one of the through-holes V. For the sake of clarity, the conductor W is shown as a dotted line. It should be noted that the conductor W and the positive conductor 151 or the negative conductor 152 in Fig. 2 may appear to pass through the same hole V, but actually pass through one of two through-holes V. These two through-holes V overlap each other in the vertical direction of the paper. A circuit switch S is installed on one of the conductors W to energize or break an electrical circuit between the flexible lithium-ceramic battery 110 and the conductive heating foil layer 130. When the circuit is energized, the conductive heating foil layer 130 generates heat to heat the entire solar cell module 1; conversely, the temperature of the solar cell module 1 gradually drops to that of the surrounding environment. The circuit switch S may be a mechanical switch operated by humans; the circuit switch S may also be an electronic switch controlled by other control devices.

[0040] As in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 2, a temperature sensor T is installed at the second area 102. The temperature sensor T serves to detect the temperature at the support 100 and transmit the detection results to the outside via a signal line. The detailed function of the temperature sensor T will be described in connection with the solar energy power system of the present invention.

[0041] According to the present invention, the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 may also be installed in other ways, which will be described with reference to another embodiment.

[0042] It will be Fig. 5. It is a sectional view of a solar cell module 2 with an ice-melting function according to another embodiment of the present invention. The solar cell module 2 includes a substrate 100', a flexible lithium ceramic battery 110', a first interconnect layer 120', a conductive heating foil layer 130, a second interconnect layer 140, a plurality of solar cells 150, a waterproof foil layer 160, a third interconnect layer 170, a highly transparent light-concentrating ETFE layer 180, and a ring interconnect wall 190. For convenience of description, the same reference numerals are used in the present embodiment for the same technical components as in the previous embodiment, and their functions, shapes, materials, and manufacturing methods are the same and will not be described again. Different technical components will be described in detail below.

[0043] The carrier 100' also includes a first region 101 and a second region 102 surrounding the first region 101. However, in the present embodiment, no through-holes V are required on the carrier 100'. Since no through-holes V separate the first region 101 and the second region 102, the boundary between the two is shown with a dotted line. Therefore, the positive conductor 151 extending from the second interconnect layer 140 can be in direct electrical connection with the positive contact 111 of the flexible lithium-ceramic battery 110' and a positive end of a load. The negative conductor 152 extending from the second interconnect layer 140 can also be in direct electrical connection with the negative contact 112 and a negative end of the load. They do not pass through the through-holes V. In addition, a temperature sensor T can also be installed on the second region 102.

[0044] The first interconnect layer 120' is also laid over and connected to the first region 101. However, unlike the previous embodiment, the flexible lithium-ceramic battery 110' is not fixed under the first region 101, but is fixed in the first interconnect layer 120'. The fixing method is the same as for the solar cell 150, which is fixed in the second interconnect layer 140, and will therefore not be described again. The positive contact 111 and the negative contact 112 of the flexible lithium-ceramic battery 110' are also embedded in the first interconnect layer 120'. Since there is no through-hole V, the positive contact 111 and the negative contact 112 are connected to the conductive heating foil layer 130 by means of a conductor W (shown by dotted lines).A circuit switch S is also installed on one of the conductors W to make or break an electrical circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110' and the conductive heating foil layer 130.

[0045] The present invention proposes a solar energy power system with ice melting function based on the solar cell modules described above. Fig. 6. It is a schematic diagram of the components of the solar power system. The solar power system includes a number of solar cell modules of any embodiment, a pair of DC bus bars 3, an inverter 4, a power output controller 5, and a circuit switch control circuit 6. The present invention uses the solar cell module 1 as an example. There are four units. In practice, however, the number of solar cell modules is not limited.

[0046] The pair of DC bus conductors 3 includes a positive DC bus conductor 3a and a negative DC bus conductor 3b. The positive DC bus conductor 3a is electrically connected to extension ends of the positive conductors in the solar cell modules 1. The negative DC bus conductor 3b is electrically connected to extension ends of the negative conductors in the solar cell modules 1. In this way, the circuit between the pair of DC bus conductors 3 and the power grid G ​​forms the load of each solar cell module 1, but this load serves to dissipate the power L generated by the solar cell module 1 rather than to consume it.

[0047] Inverter 4 is a conventional DC-to-AC inverter. Inverter 4 converts DC input power into AC power that meets grid connection specifications and feeds the converted AC power into a power grid G.

[0048] The power output control device 5 is electrically coupled to the pair of DC bus conductors 3 and electrically connected to the inverter 4 to integrate the DC power generated by all solar cell modules 1. Since the power generated by each solar cell module 1 varies depending on the sun's position and the amount of light, the power may be too high and exceed a set value, which is why the power output control device 5 can interrupt the electrical coupling to the pair of DC bus conductors 3 (via a fuse). The power output control device 5 can also convert part of the integrated DC power into DC power with an operating voltage and output the converted DC power, and feed the remaining integrated DC power into the inverter 4. The remaining integrated DC power is converted and fed into the power grid G.

[0049] The circuit switch control circuit 6 is electrically connected to the power output controller 5 and signally connected to the circuit switches S and the temperature sensors T of the solar cell modules 1 (indicated by dotted lines). It can continuously receive a temperature measurement value from any temperature sensors T and perform the following operations. A first operation is to determine whether the temperature measurement value is lower than 0 degrees Celsius. The 0 degrees Celsius criterion may require heating to remove frost condensed on the solar cell module 1. This is also the main purpose of the temperature sensor T.A second process, if the judgment of the first process is true, is to turn on the circuit switch S of the solar cell module 1, on which the temperature sensor T is arranged, to energize the circuit between the flexible lithium-ceramic battery and the conductive heating foil layer to heat the solar cell module 1. This process can heat the solar cell module 1, whose temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius, to raise the temperature of the solar cell module 1 to such an extent that no water vapor can condense on it. A third process, if the temperature measurement value transmitted by the temperature sensor T of the solar cell module 1 after heating is higher than a target temperature, is to turn off the circuit switch S of the solar cell module 1 to interrupt the circuit between the flexible lithium-ceramic battery and the conductive heating foil layer.This process determines the conditions for stopping the heating of the solar cell module 1. Although heating the solar cell module 1 to a higher temperature can also increase the operating efficiency of the solar cell module 1 while melting the ice, an excessively high heating temperature means that too much generated power is consumed, so that the purpose of the solar cell module 1 of normal electricity generation cannot be fulfilled. Therefore, setting the target temperature is of great importance. According to the present invention, the target temperature can be between 5 degrees Celsius and 25 degrees Celsius. For illustration, assume that the target temperature is 5 degrees Celsius. If it is detected that a solar cell module 1 is at -2 degrees Celsius, it is heated to 5 degrees Celsius to melt the ice formed on it. If heating is stopped, the solar cell module 1 usually cools down to 0 degrees Celsius.At this time, the circuit switch S re-energizes the circuit between the flexible lithium-ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer to reheat the solar cell module 1. By repeating this process, the temperature of the solar cell module 1 is between 0 degrees Celsius and 5 degrees Celsius, but no ice adheres to it.

[0050] While the invention has been described with reference to the best practical and preferred embodiments presently contemplated, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Rather, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, which are to be broadly construed to encompass all such modifications and similar structures.

Claims

[1] Solar cell module (1) with ice melting function, comprising: a carrier (100) comprising a first region (101) and a second region (102) surrounding the first region (101), wherein a plurality of through holes (V) are formed in the first region (101) adjacent to the second region (102); a flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) (110) fixed under the first region (101) and having a positive contact (111) and a negative contact (112); a first connecting layer (120) laid over and connected to the first region (101); a conductive heating foil layer (130) disposed over the first connecting layer (120) and connected to the carrier (100) by the first connecting layer (120); a second connecting layer (140) laid over and connected to the conductive heating foil layer (130); a plurality of solar cells (150) fixed in the second interconnection layer (140), wherein the plurality of solar cells (150) are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series, and electrical energy converted from solar energy is output through a positive conductor (151) and a negative conductor (152), wherein the positive conductor (151) extends from the second interconnection layer (140) and passes through one of the through-holes (V) to be electrically connected to the positive contact (111) and a positive end of a load, and the negative conductor (152) extends from the second interconnection layer (140) and passes through another of the through-holes (V) to be electrically connected to the negative contact (112) and a negative end of the load; a layer of waterproof film (160) bonded to the top of the second bonding layer (140) and preventing moisture from penetrating the underlying structure; a third connecting layer (170) laid over and bonded to the layer of waterproof film (160); a layer of highly transparent light-concentrating ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) (180) having a surface comprising a plurality of brightness enhancement structures (181) having a three-dimensional corrugated shape connected to the upper surface of the third connecting layer (170), wherein multidirectional light rays are directed from the outside through the brightness enhancement structures (181) into the interior of the brightness enhancement structures (181) and fall downwards onto the solar cells (150); and an annular connecting wall (190) which is connected in a surrounding manner to the sides of the first connecting layer (120), the conductive heating foil layer (130), the second connecting layer (140), the layer of waterproof foil (160) and the third connecting layer (170), wherein the positive contact (111) and the negative contact (112) are each connected to the conductive heating foil layer (130) by a conductor through one of the through-holes (V), and a circuit switch (6') is installed on one of the conductors to energize or open an electrical circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery (110) and the conductive heating foil layer (130). [2] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor (T) installed on the second portion (102) to measure the temperature on the substrate (100) and transmit the measurement results to the outside through a signal line. [3] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the support (100) is stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy or plastic. [4] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the first bonding layer (120) is ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin elastomers (POE) or expandable polyethylene (EPE). [5] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the second bonding layer (140) is EVA, POE or EPE. [6] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the third bonding layer (170) is EVA, POE or EPE. [7] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the ring connecting wall (190) is EVA, POE or EPE. [8] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the conductive heating foil layer (130) is conductive graphene heating paper, conductive graphene nonwoven fabric, or conductive graphene cloth. [9] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 2, wherein a material of the waterproof film layer (160) is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ETFE or polycarbonate (PC). [10] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the three-dimensional corrugated shape of the brightness enhancement structure (181) is a circle, the circles being adjacent to each other when viewed in plan view. [11] Solar cell module with ice melting function, comprising: a carrier (100') comprising a first region (101) and a second region (102) surrounding the first region; a first connecting layer (120') laid over and connected to the first region; a flexible lithium ceramic battery (110') fixed in the first connecting layer (120') and having a positive contact (111) and a negative contact (112); a conductive heating foil layer (130) disposed over the first connecting layer (120') and connected to the carrier (100') by the first connecting layer (120'); a second connecting layer (140) laid over and connected to the conductive heating foil layer (130); a plurality of solar cells (150) fixed in the second interconnection layer (140), wherein the plurality of solar cells (150) are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series, and electrical energy converted from solar energy is output through a positive conductor (151) and a negative conductor (152), wherein the positive conductor (151) extends from the second interconnection layer (140) to be electrically connected to the positive contact (121) and a positive end of a load, and the negative conductor (152) extends from the second interconnection layer (140) to be in direct electrical connection with the negative contact (112) and a negative end of the load; a layer of waterproof film (160) bonded to the top of the second bonding layer (140) and preventing moisture from penetrating the underlying structure; a third connecting layer (170) laid over and bonded to the layer of waterproof film (160); a layer of highly transparent light-concentrating (180) ETFE having a surface comprising a plurality of brightness enhancement structures (181) having a three-dimensional corrugated shape connected to the upper surface of the third connecting layer (170), wherein multidirectional light rays are directed from the outside through the brightness enhancement structures (181) into the interior of the brightness enhancement structures (181) and fall downwards onto the solar cells (150); and an annular connecting wall (190) which is connected in a surrounding manner to the sides of the first connecting layer (120'), the conductive heating foil layer (130), the second connecting layer (140), the layer of waterproof foil (160) and the third connecting layer (170), wherein the positive contact (111) and the negative contact (112) are each connected to the conductive heating foil layer (130) by a conductor, and a circuit switch (S) is installed on one of the conductors to energize or open an electrical circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery (110') and the conductive heating foil layer (130). [12] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 11, further comprising a temperature sensor (T) installed on the second portion (102) to measure the temperature on the substrate (100') and transmit the measurement results to the outside through a signal line. [13] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the support (100') is stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy or plastic. [14] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the first connecting layer (120') is EVA, POE or EPE. [15] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the second connecting layer (140) is EVA, POE or EPE. [16] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the third connecting layer (170) is EVA, POE or EPE. [17] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the ring connecting wall (190) is EVA, POE or EPE. [18] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the conductive heating foil layer (130) is conductive graphene heating paper, conductive graphene nonwoven fabric, or conductive graphene cloth. [19] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 12, wherein a material of the waterproof film layer (160) is PET, ETFE or PC. [20] The solar cell module with ice melting function according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the three-dimensional corrugated shape of the brightness enhancement structure (181) is a circle, the circles being adjacent to each other when viewed in plan view. [21] Solar energy power system with ice melting function, comprising: a plurality of solar cell modules (1) according to any one of claims 2-10 and 12-20; a pair of DC bus bars (3), wherein a positive DC bus bar (3a) is electrically connected to extension ends of the positive conductors of the solar cell modules (1) and a negative DC bus bar (3b) is electrically connected to extension ends of the negative conductors of the solar cell modules (1); an inverter (4) that converts DC input power into AC power that meets grid connection specifications and feeds the converted AC power into a power grid; a power output control device (5) electrically coupled to the pair of DC bus conductors (3) and electrically connected to the inverter (4) and integrating the DC power generated by all the solar cell modules (1) and interrupting the electrical coupling to the pair of DC bus conductors (3) when a current exceeds a set value, converting a portion of the integrated DC power into DC power with an operating voltage, and then outputting the converted DC power and supplying the remaining integrated DC power to the inverter (4); and a circuit switch control circuit (6) electrically connected to the power output control device (5) and in signal communication with the circuit switches and temperature sensors (T) of the solar cell modules (1), wherein a temperature measurement value is continuously received from any temperature sensors (T) and the following operations are performed: a) Determine whether the temperature reading is lower than 0 degrees Celsius, b) if the judgment in process a) is true, turning on the circuit switch of the solar cell module (1) on which the temperature sensor (T) is arranged to energise the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery (110) and the conductive heating foil layer (130) to heat the solar cell module (1); and c) if the temperature measurement value transmitted by the temperature sensor (T) of the solar cell module (1) after heating is higher than a target temperature, turning off the circuit switch of the solar cell module (1) to interrupt the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery (110) and the conductive heating foil layer (130). [22] The solar energy power system with ice melting function according to claim 21, wherein the target temperature is between 5 degrees Celsius and 25 degrees Celsius.

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