Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the cortical fixation of a dental implant, which can increase primary stability and allows a freely selectable rotational position of the superstructure independent of the longitudinal rotation of the implant. The assembly consists of a coronal part 1, which can be firmly connected to a superstructure, for example, an osteosynthesis plate 3 and / or a dental crown 10, and an apical part 2, which forms the implant connection and can be connected to the coronal part 1 via a conical connection 4. An abutment screw 6 is rotatably and positively retained in the coronal part 1, extends through the apical part 2, and can be screwed into the implant 9 via a thread.This allows rotation of the coronal part 1 and thus precise positioning of the osteosynthesis plate 3 on the jawbone 8 until the abutment screw 6 is tightened, generating an apically directed force and enabling a form-fit and force-fit fixation in the area of ​​the conical connection 4. The osteosynthesis plate 3 can then be fixed to the jawbone 8 to improve primary stability during the healing phase of immediately loaded implants.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for the cortical fixation of a dental implant according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] A dental implant can replace a missing tooth. After the implant is inserted, there is a healing phase of several months, during which the implant remains unloaded or is immediately fitted with a temporary crown.

[0003] In the non-loading procedure, a temporary crown is usually cemented between the adjacent teeth, or a prosthesis is used. In contrast, in the immediate loading procedure, the crown is screwed onto the implant within 24 hours. This procedure can only be performed if the implant has sufficient primary stability and can have a positive effect on aesthetics as well as the hard and soft tissues.

[0004] If primary stability is insufficient, immediate loading is not possible. Primary stability must first be increased. Methods described in the literature involve connecting the implant to an osteosynthesis plate via a screw-retained abutment. This plate is then fixed to the jawbone with several screws. The system is intended to increase primary stability and thus enable immediate loading. (Engelke W, Stahr S, Schwarzwäller W. Enhancement of primary stability of dental implants using cortical satellite implants. Implant Dent. 2002;11(1):52-7. doi: 10.1097 / 00008505-200201000-00014. PMID: 11915545.)

[0005] However, this type of superstructure is custom-made, not commercially available. For custom fabrication, a standard abutment is welded to a standard osteosynthesis plate to create a superstructure tailored to the individual case.

[0006] These designs have the particular disadvantage that the orientation of the osteosynthesis plate is directly linked to the longitudinal rotation of the implant, as the connection is not freely movable relative to itself. Depending on the internal geometry of the implant, this results in the osteosynthesis plate being positioned in only a few defined positions, which in most cases do not correspond to the ideal position of the osteosynthesis plate on the bone. With considerable effort, the rotation of the implant around its longitudinal axis must be changed to achieve precise alignment of the design, potentially requiring a departure from the optimal implant position.

[0007] Various other systems for the mechanical stabilization of dental implants using osteosynthetic elements are known in the prior art.

[0008] From DE 10 2006 018 726 A1, a dental implant is known with a post that can be inserted into the jawbone and an associated two-part abutment. The abutment consists of a lower apical part, which is connected to the implant post via an implant connection, and an upper coronal part to which a dental prosthesis, in particular a crown, can be attached. A connecting or abutment screw is arranged between the two parts. In the assembled state, this screw is rotatably and form-fittingly received in the coronal part, extends through the apical part, and is screwed into an internal thread in the implant post. This two-part design allows the coronal part to be freely rotated about its longitudinal axis before the screw is finally tightened, thus enabling fine adjustment of the superstructure at any desired angle.Only after the abutment screw is tightened is the coronal part fixed in the chosen orientation. However, an osteosynthesis plate for cortical fixation of the implant is not provided.

[0009] German patent DE 10 2016 215 427 A1 discloses a dental prosthetic system with a dental implant that can be inserted into the jawbone and a prosthetic construction that can be attached to it. The implant has an implant body and a two-part abutment, consisting of an apical platform or base body and a coronal carrier for a prosthetic component. The connection between the implant body, platform, and carrier is made via a connecting screw that is guided in a central screw channel. For rotational alignment, guide pairs are provided on the bearing and base surfaces of the two-part abutment, consisting of guide ribs and corresponding guide grooves, as well as a rotationally symmetrical adjustment collar with a corresponding adjustment collar.The coronal support component can be rotated relative to the apical platform component before the connecting screw is fully tightened, but is fixed in a predetermined angular position after the screw is tightened. An osteosynthesis plate or a cortical support element for the jawbone is not described.

[0010] German patent DE 201 21 531 U1 relates to a subgingival connection device for coupling a central implant with laterally arranged satellite implants. The device is a connecting element that functionally corresponds to an osteosynthesis plate and has a central section with a cylindrical body located on its underside. This cylindrical body is rotationally symmetrical and establishes the connection to the central implant. On the upper side of the central section, facing away from the underside, are two opposing shoulders that serve as anti-rotation features and connect to an abutment. The abutment is connected to the central implant via a central occlusal screw.The entire structure can be considered a two-part assembly, in which the connecting element with the osteosynthesis plate is attached to the apical portion near the implant, while the abutment post mounted on it is rotationally secured and thus cannot be freely rotated around its longitudinal axis. A freely rotatable coronal component with a fixed osteosynthesis plate is not disclosed.

[0011] The purpose of the invention is to at least partially eliminate the above disadvantages.

[0012] This problem is solved by the device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims and the description.

[0013] The invention makes it possible to optimally fix an existing superstructure, be it an osteosynthesis plate and / or a dental crown or abutment, in an exact, freely selectable position, independent of the internal geometry and longitudinal rotation of the implant.

[0014] For this purpose, an osteosynthesis plate is firmly connected to the coronal part. This allows it to remain rotatable around its longitudinal axis until the chosen position is fixed by tightening the abutment screw, thus enabling particularly precise positioning on the jaw.

[0015] The coronal and apical parts can be connected via a precisely fitting conical joint, creating a form-fit and force-fit connection. This is achieved by ensuring that the outer cone of the coronal part corresponds to the inner cone of the apical part, whereby the coronal part does not rest completely on the apical part, but rather is drawn into the apical part when the abutment screw is tightened, thus guaranteeing a form-fit and force-fit fixation.

[0016] Additionally, it is possible to provide the conical connection with a rotation-inhibiting structure that counteracts unwanted rotation of the coronal part and thus increases resistance to acting forces.

[0017] The screw channel in the coronal part is preferably designed so that its inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of the abutment screw head. This ensures that the abutment screw is securely anchored in the coronal part. When the screw is passed through the apical part and tightened into the implant, the entire device is then firmly fixed by the resulting contact pressure.

[0018] The device can be made entirely of biocompatible materials such as titanium or metal alloys, which exhibit high tissue compatibility and low allergenic potential.

[0019] The coronal and apical portions are preferably modular in design and available in various sizes and shapes to accommodate different implant systems, sizes, connection geometries, and clinical conditions. Different versions of the apical portion can be designed to precisely match the respective implant connections. Furthermore, the inner contour of the screw channel in the coronal portion can be shaped to match the outer contour of the corresponding abutment screw head. This expands the application range of the invention and facilitates integration into existing implant systems.

[0020] In the apical portion, the screw channel preferably has an internal thread in the area of ​​the implant connection. This requires the abutment screw to be guided through the screw channel with a rotating motion, after which it is free to move within the screw channel once it has passed the internal thread. This ensures safe application on the patient, as the individual components are held together.

[0021] An example of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. The features mentioned above, as well as those described further below, can each be used individually or in any combination. The embodiments listed are not intended as a complete list, but serve only for illustration. The following are shown: Fig. 1 A sectional view through an embodiment with cortical fixation of an implant with temporary restoration by a dental crown; Fig. 2a A sectional view of the embodiment made of Fig. 1 in the assembled state with abutment screw outside the jaw and without crown or osteosynthesis screw; Fig. 2b An isometric perspective view of Fig. 2a without abutment screw; Fig. 3a An exploded view in side view on Fig. 2a without abutment screw; Fig. 3b An exploded view of Fig. 2b;

[0022] Fig. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention for the cortical fixation of a dental implant 9. The illustration shows how the device enables immediate provisional restoration of an implant 9, while the primary stability can be improved by the cortical fixation.

[0023] The coronal part 1 is firmly connected to a superstructure, here in the form of a dental crown 10 and an osteosynthesis plate 3. The apical part 2 is connected to the coronal part 1 via a conical connection 4 and anchored in the implant 9.

[0024] An abutment screw 6 runs through the coronal part 1 in a screw channel 11, in which the screw head 12 is rotatably anchored by a corresponding internal geometry 5 of the screw channel, and through the apical part 2 into the implant 9, in which it engages in a corresponding thread for screwing.

[0025] Thus, the coronal part 1 can be firmly pulled onto the apical part 2 for fixation, which enables a form-fit and force-fit fixation of the superstructure in the chosen position.

[0026] By fixing the osteosynthesis plate 3 to the jawbone 8 using osteosynthesis screw 7, the resistance to acting forces and thus the stability of the overall system is further increased.

[0027] Fig. Figure 2a shows the device in its assembled state with abutment screw 6 from the side view outside the jaw and without crown 10 or osteosynthesis screw 7.

[0028] Visible here are the coronal part 1, which is firmly connected to the osteosynthesis plate 3, the apical part 2 and the abutment screw 6 which runs through both parts.

[0029] The inner contour 5 of the screw channel 11 in the coronal part 1 corresponds to the outer contour of the abutment screw 6 in the head region 12, which ensures that it remains anchored in the coronal part 1 when screwed into the implant and generates an apically directed force, which enables a form-fit and force-fit fixation in the area of ​​the conical connection 4.

[0030] The coronal part 1 and the apical part 2 are connected to each other via a precisely fitting conical connection 4, whereby the coronal part 1 does not fully rest on the apical part 2, but only pulls itself into the apical part 2 when the abutment screw 6 is tightened.

[0031] In Fig. 2b shows the device for cortical fixation of a dental implant from an isometric perspective, which provides a three-dimensional view.

[0032] This view shows the device in the assembled state, with the coronal part 1 and the apical part 2 connected together.

[0033] For the sake of clarity, the illustration of the abutment screw 6 has been omitted.

[0034] The coronal part 1 has a cylindrical shape 13 in its upper portion, which may feature additional external structures such as grooves or surfaces for improved connection with the superstructure. It also has a central bore 11 that tapers apically according to the geometry of the abutment screw head 12, thus allowing passage of the abutment screw 6 while ensuring the head 12 remains anchored in the coronal part 1. The apical part 2 is visible directly below the coronal part 1. This forms the connection to the implant 9 and has a conical geometry that ensures a precise fit between the coronal part 1 and the apical part 2. This conical connection allows the coronal part 1 to remain freely rotatable before final fixation.

[0035] Fig. Figure 3a shows an exploded view of the device for the cortical fixation of a dental implant from the side. This illustration breaks down the device into its individual parts to demonstrate the structure and composition of the components in detail.

[0036] In Fig. 3b shows the device in an exploded view from an isometric perspective. This view allows a three-dimensional examination of the individual components in their unassembled form. Reference symbol list: 1 Coronal part 2 Apical part 3 Osteosynthesis plate 4 conical connection 5 Inner contour 6 abutment screw 7 Osteosynthesis screw 8 jawbones 9 dental implants 10 dental crowns 11 bore 12 Head of the abutment screw 13. Cylindrical part of the coronal part 14 internal threads

Claims

[1] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant, comprising: a) a coronal part (1) that can be connected to a superstructure comprising at least one of the following components: abutment, dental crown (10) or osteosynthesis plate (3), b) an apical part (2) which is connected to the implant (9) via the implant connection, c) an abutment screw (6) which is rotatably received in the coronal part (1) in the assembled state, passes through the apical part (2) and can be screwed into the implant (9) in a thread, characterized by, that the coronal part (1) is freely rotatable about the central longitudinal axis as long as the abutment screw (6) is not tightened, and that an osteosynthesis plate (3) fixed to the coronal part (1) is aligned in a freely selectable position and is only fixed in this position by tightening the abutment screw (6), so that after tightening no further rotation of the coronal part (1) is possible. [2] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the coronal part 1 and the apical part 2 are connected to each other via a precisely fitting conical connection 4. [3] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coronal part 1 and the apical part 2 are provided with a rotation-inhibiting structure in the area of ​​the conical connection 4. [4] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a screw channel is provided in the coronal part 1 which has an inner contour 5 which is designed to fit precisely with the outer contour of the head of the abutment screw 12. [5] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire device consists of a biocompatible material such as titanium or other metal alloys. [6] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coronal part 1 and / or the apical part 2 are modular in design and are available in different sizes and shapes. [7] Device for cortical fixation of a dental implant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw channel in the apical part 2 has an internal thread 14 in the area of ​​the implant connection.

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