Methods for picking up harvested crop bales

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for receiving harvested crop bales (30) arranged in a processing area (5) by a collecting unit (20), comprising the steps: - Providing (S110) arrangement information, each corresponding to an expected target arrangement (S i ) each correspond to a plurality of harvest bales (30), - computer-aided determination (S120) of an optimal driving route (F opt ) to accommodate the majority of harvested crop bales (30) based on the arrangement information, according to a defined optimization criterion for route optimization, wherein the optimal route (F opt ) a target approach path (W S1 -W S6 ) for each harvested crop bale (30) along which the harvested crop bale (30) is to be approached, and - Approach (S130) of the harvested crop bales (30) by the collecting unit (20), whereby upon approach to the respective harvested crop bale (30) a real arrangement (R i) the same is determined (S140) and the harvested crop bale (30) according to the real arrangement (R i ) along a real approach route (W Ri ) is approached. To improve route planning for picking up harvested crop bales, the invention provides that in case of a deviation of the actual approach path (W Ri ) of a harvested crop bale from the target approach path (W S1 -W S6 ) the optimal route (F opt ) taking into account the differing actual approach route (W Ri ) is determined at least partially again using computer-aided methods (S210).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for receiving bales of harvested crops, according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a computer system according to claim 16.

[0002] Various types of agricultural crops, especially cereals such as grass, but also alfalfa or corn, are often processed into bales after harvesting and, if necessary, drying. These bales can be square or round. While stationary balers are also available, in many cases the bales are produced on the field where the crop was harvested using a mobile baler. The baler is either pulled by a tractor or is self-propelled. The baler gradually works its way across the field, for example, along the swaths that were previously laid down. Once the baler has collected enough crop for a bale and compressed it, the bale can be tied with twine or netting before being ejected. Optionally, the bale can also be wrapped in plastic film.The wrapping device provided for this purpose can, for example, be attached to the baler or supported by its frame. Finally, the bale of harvested crop is placed on the plot of land.

[0003] In a later step, the harvested crop bales are collected and transported. One option is to load the bales gradually onto a platform trailer, which is parked on or near the field, using a suitable loading vehicle, such as a tractor with an attachment. Once the platform trailer is fully loaded, it can be towed by a tractor to the designated unloading point. Alternatively, there are also collection units that can both pick up and transport the harvested crop bales. These collection units can be single vehicles or tractor-trailer combinations. An example of this is the so-called...

[0004] Bale collection wagons that have both a grabber for picking up a single bale of harvested crop and a sufficient loading area or area for multiple bales. A major advantage of such collection units is that after picking up one bale, the next bale can be approached immediately without having to first approach a parked platform wagon to unload the previous bale.

[0005] Due to the typically high number of harvested crop bales on a single plot, which can amount to several hundred, the sequence and route in which the bales are approached are crucial for optimizing the loading process. It is important to note that the collection unit can often only pick up the bale in a specific relative position and possibly also in a specific relative orientation. This means, for example, that the bale must be positioned directly in front of the collection unit in the direction of travel, with its longitudinal axis parallel to that direction. The accuracy with which the relative position and orientation must be maintained naturally varies depending on the collection unit. In principle, suitable solutions for optimal route planning exist in the prior art, which can be based not only on time savings but also on other optimization criteria.In practice, however, the process can be hampered by the fact that individual bales of harvested crops cannot be accessed as planned. One possible reason for this is that the position and orientation of the bale assumed during route planning do not match reality. Another reason could be that a driver deviates from the planned route due to inattention or an obstacle. This affects the pickup process of the current bale. Furthermore, it can also negatively impact the subsequent route, as the collection unit may not be positioned as intended after picking up the current bale. This, in turn, can affect the path to the next bale.

[0006] The purpose of the invention is to improve route planning for the collection of harvested crop bales.

[0007] The problem is solved by a method having the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

[0008] A process is created for collecting bales of harvested crops arranged in a processing area using a collection unit. The process comprises the following steps: - Providing arrangement information that corresponds to an expected target arrangement of each of a plurality of harvested crop bales, - Computer-aided determination of an optimal driving route for picking up the majority of harvest bales based on the arrangement information, according to a defined optimization criterion for driving route optimization, wherein the optimal driving route includes a target approach path for each harvest bale, along which the harvest bale is to be approached, and - Approaching the harvested crop bales by the collection unit, whereby upon approaching the respective harvested crop bale a real arrangement of the same is determined and the harvested crop bale is approached according to the real arrangement along a real approach path.

[0009] Harvest bales can contain various types of agricultural crops, such as corn, alfalfa, or straw like hay, grass, or straw; this list is neither exhaustive nor otherwise restrictive. There are also no restrictions regarding the shape of the harvest bales; they can be round or rectangular. The crop is compressed within the bale, and its shape is secured with a suitable binding agent, such as netting, twine, or thermoplastic tape. Additionally, the harvest bale may be wrapped in film to prevent moisture exchange between the crop and the surrounding environment.

[0010] In this process, a number of harvested crop bales are picked up. Instead of picking up, one can also speak of gathering or collecting. Picking up is carried out by a collection unit. This can be designed as a collecting machine or vehicle with its own drive system. It can also be a combination of equipment, in which, in particular, a tractor pulls at least one vehicle without its own drive system. Before being picked up, the harvested crop bales are arranged in a processing area. This normally means that each bale rests on the ground of the processing area, although the process can also be applied to cases where, for example, bales are stacked on top of each other. The processing area can be, for example, a field, a meadow, or the like. It can be a parcel of land or part of a parcel of land. Generally, this is the area in which the process according to the invention is carried out.

[0011] The procedure involves at least the following steps. They can be carried out in the order listed. However, it is not impossible that some steps may be carried out simultaneously and / or in a different order.

[0012] In one step of the process, arrangement information is provided, each corresponding to an expected target arrangement of a plurality of harvested crop bales. This provision can include an initial determination of the arrangement information. Such a determination can be based at least partially on human observation; however, a sensory determination, i.e., based on at least one sensory measurement, is preferred. The provision can also include enabling access to a data source in which the arrangement information is stored. Finally, the provision can include the calculation of arrangement information. In this case, for example, data read from a data source and / or sensor data based on a sensory measurement can be used as the basis for the calculation.The arrangement information refers to a plurality of harvested crop bales, preferably all harvested crop bales within the processing area. For each of these harvested crop bales, the arrangement information corresponds to a target arrangement. That is, the arrangement information describes a target arrangement for each of the harvested crop bales. As the term "target" suggests, this is an arrangement in which the harvested crop bale should be. That is, one expects to find the harvested crop bale in the target arrangement, especially at the time of pickup. The target arrangement is always given in relation to a fixed reference frame, in particular a global reference frame, but alternatively also a local reference frame such as the processing area. In general, the arrangement of the harvested crop bale can be described by six coordinates, namely three translational and three rotational.However, the target arrangement need not be a complete description; that is, six coordinates do not need to be provided for every bale of harvested crop. As will be explained below, the arrangement information can also provide information about tolerances, inaccuracies, or uncertainties regarding the target arrangement. In such a case, the target arrangement does not correspond exactly to a (for example, six-dimensional) tuple of coordinates, but rather to, for example, a distribution of coordinates.

[0013] The provision of the arrangement information can be carried out at least partially by the data collection unit, but in particular, it can also be carried out at least partially by a computer system external to the data collection unit. Such a computer system could be located in a mobile unit such as a laptop or smartphone, or in a vehicle. It could also be stationary, located in a building. The provision can take place at least partially within or near the processing area. However, it can also take place at least partially at a location far removed from the processing area. This can refer both to accessing a data source mentioned above and to calculating arrangement information.

[0014] In a further step, a computer-aided process determines the optimal route for picking up the majority of the harvested crop bales based on the arrangement information, according to a defined optimization criterion. The optimal route includes a target approach path for each bale, along which the bale must be approached. In other words, a route is sought along which the collection unit can access and pick up the harvested crop bales. This is generally possible in various ways, meaning several different routes are conceivable. However, this process step involves route optimization, i.e., finding the optimal route. The route is optimal with respect to an optimization criterion, which can be defined in various ways. The determination is computer-aided, or one could say machine-assisted or computer-assisted.Wherever the term "computer-aided" is used here and in the following, this includes, in particular, the possibility that the relevant processes are carried out wholly or partially by software implemented on suitable hardware. This step, as well as further computer-aided steps of the procedure, can be carried out by a computer system, for example, a farm management information system (FMIS). In particular, the determination can be carried out automatically after the order information has been provided, without a user having to initiate the determination or provide any other input.

[0015] It is understood that in this process step, it may not be possible to examine all theoretically conceivable routes, as this would require too much computing power, storage space, and / or processing time. This means that the optimal route is optimal, i.e., the best, within a limited set of examined routes. The arrangement information is used as the basis for determining the optimal route. The optimal route is designed so that the collection unit can pick up each bale of harvested crop according to its intended arrangement. The optimal route includes a target approach path for each bale. This target approach path is a part of the optimal route that leads to the respective bale. Accordingly, it is designed to enable the pickup of the bale based on its intended arrangement.In most designs, the target approach paths for different bales of harvested crop therefore differ, as their target arrangements also vary. The target approach path can be defined in different ways. For example, it could be the portion of the optimal route that leads to exactly one bale of harvested crop, either from the start of the route to the first bale or from one bale to the next. In this case, the optimal route would result from a sequence of target approach paths. However, it would also be possible, for example, to define a smaller or larger portion of the route, up to the respective bale of harvested crop, as the "target approach path."

[0016] In a further step of the process, the collection unit approaches the harvested crop bales. As it approaches each bale, its actual arrangement is determined, and the unit then approaches the bale along a corresponding approach path. This step involves the actual collection of the harvested crop bales, for which the collection unit moves towards them. The approach can, in particular, be at least partially based on the optimal route. The collection unit can therefore orient itself, at least partially, towards the optimal route. When the collection unit approaches a harvested crop bale, its actual arrangement is determined, which is referred to here and in the following as the actual arrangement. The "approach" to the harvested crop bale can occur, in particular, when approaching it, i.e., when this bale is to be collected next.More generally, this can be any approximation that allows the actual arrangement to be determined. The actual arrangement can match the target arrangement or differ from it. The harvested crop bale is approached along an actual approach path according to the actual arrangement. The actual approach path must always correspond to the actual arrangement, as this is the only way to ensure successful pickup of the harvested crop bale. Although the approach paths are described using different terms, the actual approach path can be the same as the target approach path.

[0017] According to the invention, if the actual approach path of a harvested crop deviates from the target approach path, the optimal route is at least partially recalculated, taking the deviation into account. That is, if the actual approach path deviates from the target approach path, the optimal route is completely or partially recalculated. The reasons for a deviation from the target approach path can vary; for example, an obstacle may block the target approach path, necessitating a deviation from the actual approach path. In the case of manual control of the harvesting unit, a driving error could also occur, for example, due to temporary driver distraction. In particular, however, a deviation of the actual arrangement from the target arrangement can lead to the target approach path not being adhered to. The route is at least partially recalculated, meaning that at least a portion of the route is replanned.Preferably, the route is recalculated for at least one remaining bale of harvested crop, more preferably for a plurality of remaining bales of harvested crop, and most preferably for all remaining bales of harvested crop.

[0018] Re-determining or replanning the optimal route does not necessarily require a change to the entire remaining route. The newly determined optimal route may, at least in part, coincide with the previously determined one. It would also be conceivable to limit the re-determination to a specific number of subsequent bales. However, such an approach can be disadvantageous, as re-determining the route may also result in a different sequence of bales. Therefore, it is generally not possible to determine a priori which bales are next on the route. Due to deviations between the actual approach path and the planned approach path, the position and / or orientation of the collection unit after bale pickup may change. This, in turn, can make returning to the originally planned optimal route cumbersome.Instead, a different route may now be optimal, making a recalculation advisable. For example, a change in the arrangement of the collection unit might make a different bale of harvest more easily accessible than the one originally planned. The optimal route is recalculated "taking into account the differing actual approach path," which should not be interpreted as requiring consideration of the entire actual approach path. Only a portion of the actual approach path may be considered, particularly the position and orientation of the collection unit at the end of the actual approach path. To avoid potentially unnecessary route recalculations, the route may only be recalculated, at least partially, if the deviation is deemed significant.This means that a criterion can be defined regarding the deviation of the actual approach path from the target approach path, specifying when a deviation is considered significant. If this criterion is not met, the deviation is considered insignificant and is disregarded.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the optimization criterion is based at least partially on minimizing a travel distance. "At least partially" in this context means that minimizing the travel distance need not be the sole objective, but that other values ​​should also be minimized or maximized, thus creating a compromise that may differ from simply minimizing the travel distance. In particular, the goal may be to minimize the total distance traveled on the route. Alternatively or additionally, the optimization criterion may be based at least partially on minimizing travel time. The two criteria are not synonymous, as the collection unit, for example, may be slower when cornering than when driving straight.It could also be, for example, that the processing area has a gradient that allows the collection unit to travel faster in one direction than in another, such as in the opposite direction. Alternatively or additionally, the optimization criterion can be based, at least partially, on minimizing energy consumption. Here, the expected energy consumption for the entire route is usually considered. This depends on the total distance traveled, but possibly also on other parameters. For example, energy consumption can also depend on whether the collection unit has to overcome a steep or gentle incline.

[0020] Under certain circumstances, the optimization criterion may consist of minimizing or maximizing a single quantity or optimization value, for example, minimizing the total travel distance. Depending on the nature of the processing area, the performance data of the collection unit, and / or other factors, minimizing or maximizing one optimization value may, to a certain extent, compete with the equally desirable minimization or maximization of another optimization value. In this case, optimizing a single optimization value in isolation often does not provide a satisfactory solution. Therefore, one approach involves basing the optimization criterion on optimizing a weighted combination of optimization values.Instead of a weighted combination, one can usually speak of a linear combination, although it would be conceivable in principle for an optimization value to be non-linear, i.e., quadratic. One optimization value could be, for example, the distance traveled, while another is the travel time. The optimization criterion could then lie in minimizing a sum, where one term is proportional to the travel time and another term is proportional to the distance traveled. By choosing suitable weighting factors or normalization factors, the relative weight of the respective optimization value can be adjusted. The sum can also be called the "total optimization value" W. gesamt to be considered, which is defined as follows: Wtotal = ∑kakWk where W k denotes the k-th optimization value, for example the distance traveled, travel time, etc., and a kThe respective weighting factor. Alternatively, the optimization criterion can be based on a Pareto optimization of several optimization values. This means that a route is sought which optimizes the optimization values ​​to the extent that no other route improves one of the optimization values ​​without worsening another.

[0021] In most embodiments of the method, the target arrangement corresponds to at least one translational position of a harvested crop bale. In particular, the target arrangement of a harvested crop bale can correspond to at least one translational position and at least one rotational orientation. The translational position specifies where the harvested crop bale should be located. Advantageously, it can correspond to two or three coordinates, for example, length, width, and optionally height. Different coordinate systems can be used, for example, geographic coordinates or GNSS coordinates. The rotational orientation specifies the position and orientation in which the harvested crop bale should be arranged. Advantageously, it can correspond to one, two, or three coordinates, each expressing an angle. In the case of round bales, one or two coordinates are sufficient, since rotation about the axis of symmetry of the harvested crop bale is irrelevant.In the case of a rectangular bale, three coordinates may be necessary; however, depending on the shape of the harvested crop bale and the type of collection unit, one or two coordinates may suffice. In one embodiment, the desired arrangement corresponds precisely to a translational position and a rotational orientation of the harvested crop bale. However, alternative embodiments are also conceivable, which will be discussed below.

[0022] Within the scope of the invention, it is possible for the operator of the collection unit to visually recognize the actual arrangement of a harvested crop bale, i.e., with the eyes, and accordingly control the collection unit manually along the actual approach path. Preferably, however, the actual arrangement is determined by sensors. That is, it is determined by means of at least one sensor unit. Preferably, the collection unit includes the sensor unit. It can be permanently integrated into the collection unit or attached to the collection unit as needed. Various passive and / or active sensor units can be used. In particular, cameras capable of receiving visible and / or infrared light can be used as passive sensors. For example, ultrasonic, radar, or lidar sensors can be used as active sensors. The sensor data can preferably be evaluated automatically to obtain numerical values ​​for the actual arrangement.

[0023] One embodiment provides for the automatic determination of the actual arrangement and, preferably, the actual approach path. This means the actual arrangement is determined without user intervention or triggering. A control unit, which can be part of the collection unit, can use a sensor unit as described above to scan the area around the collection unit and, for example, determine the actual arrangement of a harvested crop bale as it approaches. Based on this arrangement, the actual approach path can then be determined. While a user, such as a driver, could estimate the approach path visually, it is preferable for this to also occur automatically, without user input. The control unit can determine a suitable approach path from the actual arrangement of the harvested crop bale and the current arrangement of the collection unit.Alternatively, the aforementioned computer system could also determine the actual approach path after receiving the actual arrangement and the current arrangement from the collection unit. However, in this embodiment, it is possible for a driver to manually control the collection unit along the automatically determined actual approach path.

[0024] The recalculation of the optimal route described above depends on a deviation in the actual approach path. This means it requires that the actual approach path is at least partially known. Additionally, it can be stipulated that if the actual arrangement of a harvested crop bale deviates from its intended arrangement, the optimal route is at least partially recalculated, taking this deviation into account. In this case, the actual approach path of the corresponding harvested crop bale does not yet need to be known. Nor does a deviation of the actual approach path from the intended approach path need to be apparent yet. However, if a deviation of the actual arrangement from the intended arrangement is already apparent, this can be considered when replanning the optimal route. The deviating actual arrangement may, in any case, lead to a different actual approach path later on, so this criterion would also apply to the recalculation.However, it is possible to perform the route recalculation earlier based on the differing actual arrangement. In particular, it is also possible to consider more than just the next bale of harvested crop. It would be conceivable that the collection unit approaches a bale of harvested crop, but, for example, its sensors detect that the following bale has a deviation from its actual arrangement. In this case, when recalculating the route, the deviation of the following bale can be considered in addition to any deviation of the currently approached bale. The bale considered does not necessarily have to be the next one according to the (previously planned) route. The collection unit could, by default, determine the actual arrangement of every bale of harvested crop that enters its sensor detection range.Even if one or more other bales of harvested crop need to be visited beforehand, the actual arrangement of the corresponding bale can already be taken into account. This allows for greater planning certainty at an early stage. It is also possible to reduce the number of necessary recalculations. Similar to the above description regarding the differing actual approach route, it is possible to recalculate the route, at least partially, only if the deviation is classified as significant. This means that a criterion can be defined for when a deviation between the actual and planned arrangement is considered significant. If this criterion is not met, the deviation is considered insignificant and is disregarded.

[0025] As mentioned previously, the collection unit can be manually controlled, with a driver guiding it to the individual bales of harvested crop. According to another preferred embodiment, the collection unit autonomously approaches and picks up the bales. This means the unit can collect the bales without user intervention. In this embodiment, the actual arrangement and approach path must be determined automatically, as otherwise autonomous approach to the bales is not possible. However, the determination of the actual arrangement and approach path, on the one hand, and the autonomous control of the collection unit, on the other, could be performed by different units. It can be considered advantageous, however, if these processes are carried out by the same unit.

[0026] The target arrangement of a harvested crop bale can correspond to exactly one position and / or one orientation. Accordingly, determining the optimal driving route is based on the premise that the arrangement of each harvested crop bale is precisely known. As already indicated, however, determining the target arrangement is generally subject to uncertainty. This can be due to various causes. For example, if a position and / or orientation of a deposited harvested crop bale is determined during bale placement, movements of the bale during or immediately after placement, or measurement inaccuracies, can lead to the target arrangement not being precisely determined.Such uncertainties or tolerances can be taken into account in a preferred embodiment of the method by providing arrangement information where the target arrangement of at least one bale of harvested crop corresponds to an arrangement distribution with a plurality of possible arrangements, each of which is assigned an arrangement probability. That is, the target arrangement of the bale of harvested crop does not correspond exactly to a spatial arrangement (position and / or orientation), but to a distribution that includes a plurality of possible positions and / or orientations. In other words, there are a plurality of arrangement possibilities, each of which is assigned an arrangement probability. A continuous arrangement distribution could be used as the basis, where the arrangement probability would correspond to a probability density function.However, discretization may be useful in certain circumstances, where a finite number of possible positions and orientations are considered, each assigned a probability. Using a distribution of possible positions can influence the determination of the optimal route. The primary consequence is that the different possible arrangements correspond to different endpoints for the respective target approach path. Therefore, compared to a clearly defined arrangement, there are more possibilities for determining the target approach path.

[0027] One embodiment provides that, when determining the optimal route for at least one bale of harvested crop, a selection arrangement is chosen from the plurality of possible arrangements. This selection is based on both its probability of occurrence and the optimization criterion. The selection arrangement is a possible arrangement chosen from the distribution of possible arrangements. This is based on the premise that for a uniquely defined route, exactly one arrangement of the bale of harvested crop must be assumed, from which a target approach path can then be derived. The selection of the selection arrangement is partly based on its assigned probability of occurrence, but not exclusively. That is, the most probable arrangement is not necessarily selected. The optimization criterion is also taken into account.The analysis also considers how the choice of a layout option affects the optimal route. Generally, the optimal route will be more or less advantageous with respect to the optimization criterion, depending on the chosen layout option. For example, one layout option might require the collection unit to make a relatively tight turn to reach the bale of harvested crop, which could negatively impact the route length and / or travel time. A second layout option might allow the collection unit to make a less sharp turn, thus approaching the bale of harvested crop more directly. In this respect, the second layout option would be more advantageous. However, the probabilities of each layout option must also be taken into account.However, if the probability of success assigned to the first arrangement is greater than that of the second, the first arrangement may still be selected. Whether this is the case depends in particular on how the probability of success is taken into account. This can be handled differently depending on the implementation. Qualitatively, for example, the influence on the optimization value(s) can be weighted by the probability of success. However, a multitude of configurations are conceivable. For example, arrangements below a certain probability of success could be rejected outright. If the target arrangement corresponds to an arrangement distribution, the aforementioned implementation, which takes into account a deviation from the actual arrangement, can be modified.In this case, it may be provided that if the actual arrangement of a harvested crop bale deviates from its selection arrangement, the optimal driving route is at least partially recalculated taking into account the deviating actual arrangement.

[0028] Preferably, the arrangement information is determined at least partially based on operating data from a baling unit that has deposited the harvested crop bales in the processing area. The baling unit comprises a baler, which may be self-propelled. Alternatively, the baler can be pulled by a tractor, which can also be considered part of the baling unit. A wrapping unit can also be attached to the baler, which wraps the compressed harvested crop bale with film before it is deposited. In this case, the wrapping unit is also part of the baling unit. The baling unit compressed and deposited the harvested crop bales in a processing step preceding bale pickup. Operating data of the baling unit can include all data related to the operation of the baling unit.This can include, in particular, position data corresponding to the position of the baling unit and / or orientation data corresponding to the orientation of the baling unit. If the baling unit is configured as a combination unit, data on the relative arrangement of the individual parts of the combination can also be included. The operating data can also correspond to the time or location of bale placement. For example, if it is known when a bale of harvested crop was placed, conclusions can be drawn about the arrangement of the bale if the position and orientation of the baling unit at that time are known. If the operating data is directly related to bale placement, it can potentially be used directly as arrangement information. However, it should also be taken into account that measurement errors or bale movement not recorded in the operating data can lead to a deviation from the target arrangement.The underlying movement of the harvested crop bale (rolling, bouncing off the ground, etc.) can sometimes only be described statistically. The same applies to measurement errors. Therefore, in particular, the distribution of the bale's arrangement can be determined, at least partially, based on operational data.

[0029] Additionally or alternatively, the arrangement information can be determined, at least partially, based on area data that describes the characteristics of the processing area. Such area data includes, for example, data describing an elevation profile. If a slope exists in a section of the processing area, the bales may tend to move in the direction of the slope when being placed. The desired arrangement can therefore shift accordingly. Besides the elevation profile, the soil conditions can also be taken into account. These can influence how much or how far the bale moves. For example, it may roll differently on different surfaces. Crop residues such as stubble can slow the bale down. The bale may also rebound from the ground with varying degrees of force.A softer surface can absorb more energy upon impact than a hard surface. These effects can also be taken into account, particularly when determining a distribution of impact forces.

[0030] Preferably, the operating data describes at least one baler travel route of the baling unit. The baler travel route is the route along which the baler traveled within the processing area while depositing the harvested crop bales. The baler travel route does not need to be documented completely in the operating data; it can, for example, also consist of waypoints with potentially larger intervals. The baler travel route allows at least an approximate deduction of the area in which harvested crop bales might be located. The harvested crop bales can be arranged, in particular, along the baler travel route. However, this is not necessarily the case. Depending on the characteristics of the harvested crop bales, the type of depositing process, the nature of the ground, etc., there can be a significant deviation.

[0031] The operating data can advantageously describe the position and / or orientation of harvested crop bales. This operating data can be generated directly by the baling unit. This means the baling unit can determine the position and / or orientation of the harvested crop bale immediately upon placement and make it available as part of the operating data. This operating data can then be used directly as arrangement information. It would also be conceivable to consider that while the baling unit places the harvested crop bale in a specific position and orientation, the bale could still move without this movement being detected by the baling unit. For example, the harvested crop bale could continue to roll and / or bounce off the ground before finally coming to rest.Such processes can be taken into account when determining the arrangement information, which means that a target arrangement of a harvested crop bale does not necessarily reflect the position or orientation contained in the operational data.

[0032] Even if the exact time or location of each bale placement is unknown, inferences can be drawn from the baler's travel path. One embodiment involves estimating the positions of harvested crop bales based on the baler's travel path and a placement interval. The placement interval is the distance the baler travels between two bale placements. If the position of a harvested crop bale and the baler's travel path are known, the positions of all harvested crop bales could, in principle, be determined if the placement interval is known. This is based on the assumption that the baler places a harvested crop bale, then travels a distance corresponding to the placement interval along the baler's travel path, and then places the next harvested crop bale.Therefore, if a bale of harvested crop has been located along the baler's route, the target arrangements of further bales of harvested crop can be determined in the manner described.

[0033] For the process variant described above, determining the placement interval as precisely as possible is advantageous. This interval is generally not constant but can depend on various parameters. In particular, it may be intended that the placement interval be determined based on parameters relating to the baling unit, the crop being processed by the baling unit, and / or the weather. It is understood that the baling unit itself, i.e., its design and operating mode, influences the placement interval. If the baling unit is set up to produce larger bales, a longer placement interval results than with smaller bales. The type and quality of the crop from which the bales are made also influence the placement interval. Different placement intervals result for straw, grass, and hay.The baling interval also depends on the crop density, which can vary even for a specific crop (for example, grass) depending on soil conditions and growing conditions. However, crop density can at least be approximated. Weather conditions can also influence the baling interval, especially rainfall and humidity, which in turn affect the moisture content of the crop. If the baled crop contains a lot of moisture, it has a larger volume, and a bale of a certain size will be produced after a shorter baling interval.

[0034] It is also possible to estimate the orientation of harvested crop bales based on the baler's travel path to determine their arrangement. If the design and depositing process of the baling unit are known, a relationship can be established between the orientation of the baler and that of a deposited harvested crop bale. The orientation of the baler can, in turn, be determined from the baler's travel path. The local orientation of the baler's travel path can closely correspond to the orientation of the baler, although deviations may occur depending on the baler's design, for example, depending on the number of vehicles in the baler, the number and arrangement of steerable axles, etc.Some embodiments may also take into account that, due to rolling and / or bouncing of the harvested crop bale, the orientation during bale placement may differ from the orientation of the lying harvested crop bale.

[0035] If information is available about when or where the baling unit deposited a bale, it makes sense to determine the target arrangement in relation to this. This can be done either using information about the arrangement of the baling unit itself or—if provided by the baling unit, for example—information about the arrangement of the bale at the time of deposition. One approach involves determining the target arrangement of multiple bales by using a depositing pattern that corresponds to the position and / or orientation of the baling unit or the respective bale at the time of deposition, and combining this with a relative arrangement of the bale relative to the depositing pattern. In other words, a depositing pattern is used as a basis and combined with a relative arrangement.The relative arrangement is an arrangement relative to the placement arrangement, that is, in a reference system defined by the placement arrangement. The placement arrangement can correspond to a position and / or orientation of the baling unit. This can refer to different parts of the baling unit. In the case of a tractor-mounted unit, the orientation of the baler can be used, as well as the position of any part of it, for example, a part from which the bale is placed or ejected. The relative arrangement could, for example, define a position located a certain distance behind the position of the baling unit, where the directions "front" and "rear" are defined by the placement arrangement. In the case of a distribution of positions, a plurality of positions could be defined, which, for example, lie within a distance interval behind the baling unit.Each bale placement along the baler's travel path results in a different placement arrangement, as the position and, if applicable, the orientation of the baling unit change. Consequently, different target arrangements result for multiple bales, even if the same relative arrangement is always used as a basis. However, it is also possible to modify the relative arrangement. This modification can occur depending on parameters that, for example, describe the processing area. In particular, a locally existing slope could be taken into account. Depending on such a slope, the relative arrangement could be modified.

[0036] The target arrangement of each harvested crop bale can be set once and then not changed. However, it is also conceivable that the target arrangement can be adjusted for those harvested crop bales that have not yet been accessed. In this case, experience gained from harvested crop bales that have already been accessed and picked up can be utilized. One embodiment provides that the target arrangement of at least one harvested crop bale yet to be accessed is updated based on the actual arrangement of at least one harvested crop bale that has already been accessed. In the case of a distribution of arrangements, this can be based, in particular, on a comparison of the actual arrangement with the arrangement distribution of the harvested crop bale that has already been accessed. If the actual arrangement corresponds to an arrangement possibility that was assigned only a very low probability of being accessed, this may indicate an incorrect arrangement distribution.Such an assumption is particularly plausible when the actual arrangements of several harvest bales show similar deviations. For example, the harvest bales might generally be located further from the storage position than would be expected based on the arrangement distribution. Based on this observation, the arrangement distribution (especially the arrangements with a higher probability of success) could be shifted further away from the storage position. This purely qualitative form of adjustment can be implemented in various ways. Other forms of adjustment are also conceivable, such as expanding or narrowing the arrangement distribution, thereby accommodating a greater or lesser variation in the positions and / or orientations of the harvest bales. Beyond these examples, other forms of adjustment are also possible.Updating the target arrangement of a harvest bale yet to be accessed can be achieved primarily by updating the relative arrangement. This is because certain errors in the relative arrangement affect all harvest bales in the same way. Therefore, it can be assumed that a correction which leads to a better match with the actual position for harvest bales already accessed will have a comparable effect on those yet to be accessed.

[0037] The invention also provides a computer system. This system is used to plan the collection of harvested crop bales arranged in a processing area by a collecting unit, wherein the computer system is configured as follows: - To record arrangement information that corresponds to an expected target arrangement of each of a plurality of harvested crop bales, - to determine, using computer-aided methods, an optimal driving route for picking up the majority of harvest bales based on the arrangement information, according to a defined optimization criterion for driving route optimization, wherein the optimal driving route includes a target approach path for each harvest bale, along which the harvest bale is to be approached, and - to record a real approach path when the harvested crop bales are approached by the collection unit, whereby a real arrangement of the respective harvested crop bale is determined upon approach and the harvested crop bale is approached according to the real arrangement along the real approach path.

[0038] According to the invention, the computer system is set up to determine, at least partially, the optimal route again using computer assistance if the actual approach path of a harvested crop deviates from the target approach path, taking into account the deviating actual approach path.

[0039] The computer system comprises at least one computer, processor, or data processing unit. It may also include other components, such as wireless and / or wired interfaces for one-way or two-way communication with other devices. In particular, the computer system may be a farm management information system located outside the collection unit, for example, as a stationary unit within a building. The computer system could also be located in a mobile unit, such as a laptop, tablet, or smartphone, which displays control instructions to a driver of the collection unit or transmits control data, particularly wirelessly, to the collection unit. More generally, the computer system may be designed and configured to be external to the collection unit and to generate the control data for transmission to the collection unit.It may have an interface for data transmission to the collection unit and be configured to transmit control data, in particular via wired and / or wireless means, to the collection unit. Alternatively, the computer system may be integrated into the collection unit, meaning it may be part of the collection unit and located within it. In any case, the computer system may be partially implemented in software.

[0040] The other terms have already been explained with reference to the method according to the invention and are therefore not explained again. Preferred embodiments of the computer system according to the invention correspond to those of the method according to the invention.

[0041] The invention is described below with reference to figures. The figures are merely exemplary and do not limit the general concept of the invention. They show Fig. 1 a schematic top view of a processing area with a baling press unit and a computer system according to the invention; Fig. 2 a schematic top view of the processing area with a collection unit and the computer system; Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B Top views of a part of the machining area with an optimal travel route before and after a recalculation; Fig. 4A-4C schematic representations of a storage arrangement and a relative arrangement; Fig. 5A, Fig. 5B Top views of part of the processing area with target arrangements of harvested crop bales before and after a re-determination; Fig. 6 a flowchart of a process according to the invention; Fig. 7A-9C schematic diagrams, each showing a storage arrangement and a relative arrangement; as well as Fig. 10. Top views of part of the processing area with target arrangements of harvested crop bales, an optimal driving route and non-optimal driving routes.

[0042] Fig. Figure 1 shows a processing area 5 with a baling press unit 10, which travels along a press route F P The baling unit 10, which in this case consists of a tractor 11 and a baler 12 attached to it, picks up crop lying on the ground of the working area (not shown) and compresses it into bales 30, for example round or square bales. In this way, a plurality of bales 30 are gradually deposited in the working area 5, forming a real arrangement R i the crop bale 30 approximately on the press route F Poriented. Here and in the following, "i" serves as an index for a number that can be assigned to the respective harvest bale 30. A storage interval I exists between two consecutively placed harvest bales 30. A given, whose length can vary depending on a number of factors. First, the storage interval I depends A The placement interval I depends on the design and type of the baler 12, as well as any adjustable parameters on the baler 12, such as bale diameter. Furthermore, the type and condition of the crop from which the bales 30 are produced influence the placement interval I. A The characteristics of the harvested crop also include plant density, which can vary depending on soil composition and growing conditions. Finally, weather conditions can affect the sowing interval. AThese factors, especially rainfall and humidity, influence the moisture content of the harvested crop and thus its compressibility.

[0043] In Fig. Figure 6 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention. In a first step, S100 sends the baling unit 10 operating data D. B to a computer system 50 according to the invention. This can, for example, be arranged stationary in a building. Even if in the schematic representation in Fig. Although computer system 50 is shown next to processing area 5 in Figure 1, in reality it may be located far away from it. For example, it may be located on a farm to which processing area 5 is assigned. Communication between the baling unit 10 and computer system 50 is wireless, for example via a mobile network. The operating data D BThey can have different content. In particular, they can be the press route F. P describe, for example, in the form of GNSS coordinates determined by baling unit 10. As in Fig. As indicated in 1, a storage arrangement A can be used for each bale of harvested crop (30 bales). P are determined and transferred. Filing arrangement A P In this case, the diagram contains a translational position P and a rotational orientation O of the baler 12 at bale discharge, i.e., at the moment when a finished bale 30 leaves the baler 12. The orientation O, represented in the figures as an empty arrow, corresponds to the current direction of travel of the baler 12, i.e., it runs (anti-)parallel to its longitudinal axis.

[0044] In a further step S110, the computer system determines 50 from the operating data D B , in particular from the filing arrangements A P, for each bale of harvested crop 30 a target arrangement S i The computer system 50 can also handle area data D. A include data that describe the characteristics of processing area 5. Such area data D A They can, for example, describe the soil conditions or a locally existing gradient G. The area data D. A can generally influence the movement of a harvested crop bale 30 after it leaves the baler 12. The target arrangement S i It contains a translational position P and a rotational orientation O of the respective harvested crop bale 30. It corresponds to an expected arrangement, which at least conceptually differs from a real arrangement R. i It is necessary to distinguish between the actual arrangement of the harvested crop bale 30. The target arrangements S i This provides order information that forms the basis for further procedural steps. To determine the target order S iCan the computer system 50 be from the filing arrangement A P exit and these with a relative arrangement S R combine the arrangement of the harvested crop bale 30 in the reference system of the storage arrangement A P describes. Fig. 4A shows an example of a relative arrangement S R , where the dashed line represents the contour of a harvested crop bale 30 in this relative arrangement S R corresponds to the discernible offset compared to the storage arrangement A. P can be based on a constructively given positional difference between the point at which the harvested crop bale 30 leaves the baler 12 and the point at which a position sensor is arranged that determines the deposit arrangement A P determined. In addition, it can also be taken into account that the harvested crop bale 30 continues to move after leaving the baler 12, for example, it rolls or bounces.

[0045] Another way to determine the target arrangements S i This could consist of the baling unit 10 detecting the position P and orientation O of the deposited harvested crop bale 30 and directly relating these to the operating data D. B transmitted to computer system 50. Another possibility would be that the filing interval I A is estimated and then, starting from the starting point of the press route F P the arrangements of the crop bales 30 along the press route F P The orientation of a harvested crop bale 30 can be determined based on the course of the baler's travel route F. P The resulting direction of travel of the baling unit 20 can be estimated.

[0046] Regardless of how the arrangement information is provided, there is a possibility that the target arrangement S i of a harvested crop bale 30 from its real arrangement Ri differs. In Fig. 1 This applies to all harvest bales 30.

[0047] In step S120, the computer system 50 determines an optimal route F based on the arrangement information. opt For a collection unit 20, which is to receive the harvested crop bales 30, an optimization criterion is applied that aims at optimizing one or more optimization values, i.e., minimizing or maximizing them. Possible optimization values ​​include, for example, travel distance, travel time, or energy consumption. A weighted combination of these optimization values ​​can also be used. Fig. 2 shows part of the route F determined in this way opt , which runs along the target arrangements S1-S6 of six exemplary harvested crop bales 30. Each of these forms a section of the optimal driving route F. opt a target approach path W S1 -W S6to one of the crop bales 30.

[0048] In the next step S130 of the process, the collecting unit 20 approaches a bale of harvested crop 30. The collecting unit 20 is in Fig. The vehicle 20 is shown as a single unit, but it could also be, for example, a vehicle combination. The collection unit 20 can be driven by a driver, but it can also drive autonomously. When approaching a harvested crop bale 30, its actual arrangement R1-R6 is determined in step S140, for example, using sensors of the collection unit 20 (not shown). In particular, if the actual arrangement R1-R6 differs from the target arrangement S1-S6, the harvested crop bale 30 will not be moved along the target approach path W. S1 -W S6 Approached. A deviation from the target approach path W S1 -W S6However, it can also be due to other causes, for example a spontaneous decision by the driver, an obstacle that the collection unit 20 has to avoid, or the like. Fig. Figure 3A shows an example of how, for the second harvest bale, 30 is used instead of the target approach path W. S2 a different actual approach route W R2 is used. This can occur because the collection unit 20 is manually controlled by a driver, but it can also be determined automatically and the collection unit 20 can control itself autonomously.

[0049] In any case, in step S150 the actual approach path W is determined. Ri It is recorded. Subsequently, it is transmitted to computer system 50 together with at least one real arrangement Ri. This can include, on the one hand, the real arrangement R. i of the currently approached harvest bale 30, but on the other hand the real order R can also be transmitted. iat least one further bale of harvested crop 30 will be transmitted, provided it is already known. In the example of Fig. For example, the collection unit 20 can recognize the real arrangement R3 of the third harvest bale 30 while it is approaching the second harvest bale 30.

[0050] In a further step S160, the computer system 50 checks whether the real approach path W Ri from the target approach path W Si deviates. Deviations classified as minor based on a defined criterion can be disregarded. Furthermore, in step S170, it is checked whether one of the transmitted real orders R i from the associated target order S iThe system deviates from the target, although minor deviations can be disregarded. In step S180, the system checks whether a deviation considered significant exists. If not, in step S190, the next harvested crop bale 30 is selected, and the process returns to step S130. However, if a deviation is detected, in step S210, the driving route F is selected. opt The remaining 30 harvest bales are recalculated. This takes into account the changed starting position of collection unit 20 due to a different actual approach path W. Ri taken into account, on the one hand, the differing real arrangements R i , insofar as these are known. That is, the newly determined route F opt is based on those harvested crop bales 30 where real arrangements R i are already known, based on these and not on the target arrangements S i . Fig. Figure 3B shows an example of a modified route Fopt , which are due to the deviations in the actual approach path W R2 as well as in the actual arrangements R2, R3. In particular, compared to the target arrangements S2, S3, the relative position of the second and third harvest bale 30 has changed so unfavorably that directly approaching the third harvest bale 30 would not be possible or only possible with complex maneuvering. Therefore, in the newly determined driving route F opt The third harvest bale 30 was initially skipped and instead the fourth harvest bale 30 was approached, as it can be easily reached according to its target arrangement S4.

[0051] In an optional step S200, the target arrangements S can also be specified. i The number of unharvested bales of crops (30) will be adjusted. This step will be carried out as described in Fig. 6 shown, advantageous before the re-determination of route F optThis was carried out in step S210. The underlying principle is explained below using the following examples: Fig. 4A-4C explained. Fig. 4A shows the initially given relative arrangement S R . Fig. Figure 4B shows an example of a plurality of positions P, which correspond to real arrangements R. i were determined, with each position relative to the storage arrangement A P The diagram shows that all positions P are closer to the position of the storage arrangement A. P as due to the relative arrangement S R This would be expected. This could be due, for example, to incorrect assessments of the properties of processing area 5 or the properties of the harvested crop bales 30. It could also be a systematic error in determining the storage arrangement A. P underlying. The target arrangements S i are therefore, in comparison to the real arrangements R ioffset backwards against the direction of travel, as in Fig. 5A is shown. The relative arrangement S is determined according to the detected discrepancy. R adapted as in Fig. 4C is shown. Since the relative arrangement S R in determining the target arrangements S i When all harvested crop bales are used, the target arrangements shift. i forwards in the direction of travel, as in Fig. 5B is shown. This results in a better match with the real arrangements R. i achieved. In one of the above-mentioned process variants, in which the baling unit 10 does not have a storage arrangement A P transmitted, but the target order S i based on the filing interval I A The estimated storage interval I can also be used. A based on established real arrangements R i to be adjusted, which in turn results in changed target arrangements S i result.

[0052] In the previous examples, the target arrangement S i of a harvested crop bale 30 exactly one position P and exactly one orientation O. Fig. 7A-7C and 8A-8C illustrate an alternative description where the target arrangement S i This corresponds to an arrangement distribution. A plurality of possible arrangements are given, each of which is assigned an arrangement probability. For clarity, the probabilities for the positions P and for the orientations O are shown separately. Fig. 7A shows similarity to Fig. 4A the arrangement distribution in relation to the storage arrangement A PFor simplicity, three position zones PZ1, PZ2, and PZ3 are shown, within which the possible arrangements lie. The arrangement probability is high in the first position zone PZ1, lower in the second position zone PZ2, and lowest in the third position zone PZ3. Of course, instead of a constant arrangement probability across zones, a continuously varying arrangement probability can also be assumed. Fig. 7B shows several positions P that are assigned to real arrangements R1-R5, where in turn the position P is relative to the storage arrangement A Pas shown. Only a small portion of positions P lie in the first position zone PZ1, while most positions P are shifted unilaterally in relation to it. Furthermore, all positions P are concentrated in an area that is significantly smaller than the total extent of the three position zones PZ1-PZ3. Both of these points indicate an incorrect arrangement distribution. Accordingly, as shown in Fig. Figure 7C shows how the arrangement distribution can be adjusted. In the example shown, the three position zones PZ1-PZ3 are moved closer to the storage arrangement A. P The area is shifted and the extent of the second and third position zones PZ2 and PZ3 is reduced.

[0053] Fig. Figure 8A shows three orientation zones OZ1, OZ2, and OZ3, within which the orientations of the possible arrangements lie. In the first orientation zone OZ1, the arrangement probability is high, in the second orientation zone OZ2 it is lower, and in the third orientation zone OZ3 it is lowest. Alternatively, a continuously varying arrangement probability could also be assumed here. Fig. Figure 8B shows several orientations O that are assigned to real arrangements R1-R5. These are not evenly spaced around the orientation O of the storage arrangement A. P They are not distributed, but shifted to one side. Furthermore, the orientations P are arranged in an area that is smaller than the total extent of the three orientation zones OZ1-OZ3.

[0054] Accordingly, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 8C, the arrangement distribution can be adjusted by shifting the three orientation zones OZ1-OZ3 to one side and reducing their extent.

[0055] Fig. Figures 9A to 9C demonstrate how the arrangement distribution can be adapted independently of already known real arrangements by including parameters that affect the processing area 5. Fig. Figure 9A shows an arrangement distribution in a flat section of the processing area 5, i.e., a section without any significant slope. This corresponds to the one in Fig. Distribution shown in 8A. Fig. Figure 9B shows an arrangement distribution in a section where a slope G is given, which is at a 90° angle to the orientation O of the storage arrangement A PThe arrangement distribution shifts in the direction of the slope G, and the shape of the position zones PZ1-PZ3 becomes distorted. This reflects the assumption that the harvested crop bales 30 tend to move in the direction of the slope G when being deposited. Fig. 9C shows an arrangement distribution in a section where the slope G is opposite to the orientation of the storage arrangement A. P The arrangement distribution shifts in the direction of the slope G from the storage arrangement A. P and the shape of the position zones PZ1-PZ3 is elongated.

[0056] If the target arrangement S i Given a distribution of arrangements, the optimal route F can be determined. opt to be planned in a different way than in the case of a clearly given target arrangement S i The optimal route F optIn this case, it does not need to be tailored to a specific position and orientation of a harvested crop bale 30. Rather, one of the possible arrangements can be selected, which then constitutes a selection arrangement C. i forms the optimal route F opt The selection can be based on the advantageousness of the resulting route F. opt orient themselves as well as on the probability of the arrangement of the selection arrangement C i Qualitatively, the selection arrangement chosen for the route C i This represents a compromise between order probability and optimization. This principle is schematically illustrated in Fig. Figure 10 illustrates the desired arrangements S1-S3 of three harvested crop bales 30, each defined by arrangement distributions with three position zones PZ1-PZ3. Orientation is not shown for illustrative purposes. The optimal driving route F optThe route passes through the positions P of three selection arrangements C1-C3. In none of the three arrangement distributions does the selection arrangement C1-C3 lie in the first position zone PZ1, although this corresponds to the highest arrangement probability. However, the optimal route F allows optThe collection unit has 20 moderate curve radii and a comparatively short travel distance. A first alternative route, F1, which could be considered during planning, allows for an almost straight route and thus an even shorter travel distance. However, this route F1 only passes through the third position zone PZ1 in all three arrangement distributions, which is associated with the lowest arrangement probability. Therefore, this route F1 is not selected. A second alternative route, F2, passes through the first position zone PZ1 in all three arrangement distributions, which is associated with the highest arrangement probability. However, this route F2 requires tight curve radii, which increases the travel distance and travel time. Therefore, this route F2 is also not selected.

Claims

[1] Method for receiving harvested crop bales (30) arranged in a processing area (5) by a collecting unit (20), comprising the steps: - Providing (S110) arrangement information, each corresponding to an expected target arrangement (S i ) each correspond to a plurality of harvest bales (30), - computer-aided determination (S120) of an optimal driving route (F opt ) to accommodate the majority of harvested crop bales (30) based on the arrangement information, according to a defined optimization criterion for route optimization, wherein the optimal route (F opt ) a target approach path (W S1 -W S6 ) for each harvested crop bale (30) along which the harvested crop bale (30) is to be approached, and - Approach (S130) of the harvested crop bales (30) by the collecting unit (20), whereby upon approach to the respective harvested crop bale (30) a real arrangement (R i) the same is determined (S140) and the harvested crop bale (30) according to the real arrangement (R i ) along a real approach route (W Ri ) is approached, characterized by , that in the event of a deviation of the actual approach distance (W Ri ) of a harvested crop bale from the target approach path (W S1 -W S6 ) the optimal route (F opt ) taking into account the differing actual approach route (W Ri ) is determined at least partially again using computer-aided methods (S210). [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by , that the target arrangement (S i ) of a harvested crop bale (30) corresponds to at least one translational position (P) and at least one rotational orientation (O) of the same [3] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the real arrangement (R i ) and preferably the actual approach route (W Ri ) are automatically determined. [4] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in the event of a deviation from the real arrangement (R i ) of a harvested crop bale (30) of its intended arrangement (S i ) the optimal route (F opt ) taking into account the differing real arrangement (R i ) is determined at least partially again using computer-aided methods (S210). [5] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the collection unit (20) autonomously approaches and picks up the harvested crop bales (30). [6] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that arrangement information is provided (S110), where the target arrangement (S i ) at least one bale of harvested crop (30) corresponds to an arrangement distribution with a plurality of arrangement possibilities, wherein each arrangement possibility is assigned an arrangement probability. [7] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that when determining (S120) the optimal route (F opt ) for at least one harvested crop bale (30) a selection arrangement (C i ) is selected from the plurality of possible arrangements, where the selection arrangement (C i ) is selected both depending on their probability of being arranged and on the optimization criterion. [8] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the arrangement information is at least partially based on operational data (D B ) are determined based on a baling unit (10) that has deposited the harvested crop bales (30) in the processing area (5), and / or on area data (D A ), which describe a characteristic of the processing area (5). [9] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the operational data (D B) at least one press route (F P ) of the baling unit (10). [10] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the operational data (D B ) Describe the positions (P) and / or orientations (O) of harvested crop bales (30). [11] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that to determine the arrangement information positions (P) of harvested crop bales (30) based on the baler travel route (F P ) as well as a storage interval (I A ) can be estimated, which corresponds to a travel distance of the baling unit (10) between two bale storage areas. [12] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the storage interval (I A ) is determined based on parameters relating to the baling unit (10), a crop processed by the baling unit (10) and / or weather conditions. [13] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that to determine the arrangement information orientations (O) of harvested crop bales (30) based on the press travel route (F P ) can be estimated. [14] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that to determine the target arrangement (S i ) a plurality of harvested crop bales (30) a storage arrangement (A P ) is based on a position (P) and / or orientation (O) of the baling unit (10) or of the respective harvested crop bale (30) when the harvested crop bale (30) is laid down, and this is combined with a relative to the laying arrangement (A P ) given relative arrangement (A R ) of the harvested crop bale (30). [15] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the target arrangement (S i ) at least one more bale of harvested crop to be delivered (30) based on the real arrangement (Ri ) at least one already accessed bale of harvested crop (30) is updated (S200), preferably using the relative arrangement (A P ) will be updated. [16] Computer system (50) for planning the collection of harvested crop bales (30) arranged in a processing area (5) by a collection unit (20), wherein the computer system (50) is set up as follows: - Arrangement information, each corresponding to an expected target arrangement (S i ) each corresponding to a plurality of harvested crop bales (30), to record, - computer-aided calculation of an optimal route (F opt ) to determine (S110) the number of bales of harvested crop (30) to accommodate based on the arrangement information, according to a defined optimization criterion for route optimization, wherein the optimal route (F opt ) a target approach path (W Si ) for each harvested crop bale (30) along which the harvested crop bale (30) is to be approached, and - a real approach route (W Ri ) to detect when the collection unit (20) approaches (S130) the harvested crop bales (30), whereby a real arrangement (R) is formed when approaching the respective harvested crop bale (30). i ) the same is determined (S140) and the harvested crop bale (30) according to the real arrangement (R i ) along the real approach route (W Ri ) is approached, characterized by , that the computer system (50) is set up to detect a deviation in the actual approach path (W Ri ) of a harvested crop bale (30) from the target approach path (W Si ) the optimal route (F opt ) taking into account the differing actual approach route (W Ri ) to determine at least partially again using computer-aided methods (S210).

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