Gate arrangement, especially for a passenger transport system

Abstract

Gate arrangement (100, 300), comprising a gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) with a first gate body (104) and a second gate body (106) arranged adjacent to the first gate body (104), and a locking element (114, 116, 314) movable between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator (118, 120, 318) of the gate (102, 302.1, 302.2), an actuator control device (126, 128, 326) configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318), wherein the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318) such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) when an external force acts on the locking element (114, 116, 314) generates an actuating force against the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force, an occupancy state detection device (368), configured to detect an occupancy state of the gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) on a controlled area side (136) of the locking element (114, 116, 314) and / or on a non-controlled area side (134) of the locking element (114, 116, 314), a force detection device (370) configured to detect a force parameter causing the actuating force, wherein the actuating force opposes the acting external force, and the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) configured to adjust the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator (118, 120, 318) based on the detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a gate arrangement, in particular for a passenger transport system, comprising at least one gate with a first gate body and a second gate body arranged adjacent to the first gate body, wherein the first gate body and the second gate body define a passage between a controlled area and a non-controlled area, and at least one locking element movable between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator of the gate, an actuator control device configured to control the actuator such that the actuator moves the locking element to a predetermined position, wherein the actuator control device is configured to control the actuator such that, when at least one external force acts on the locking element, the actuator generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method, a computer program and a passenger transport system.

[0002] Access control systems or gate arrangements for controlling access from an uncontrolled area to a controlled area and / or in the opposite direction are used, for example, in passenger transport systems.

[0003] A passenger transport system, particularly a public passenger transport system, serves to transport people or users by means of passenger transport vehicles (hereinafter referred to as transport vehicles). Examples of transport vehicles in a passenger transport system include, but are not limited to, rail vehicles (e.g., commuter trains, subways, trams, etc.), motor vehicles (e.g., buses), but also watercraft (e.g., ferries) and aircraft. Gate arrangements are also used in other applications where the authorization of users to enter or leave a controlled area needs to be verified, such as at sporting, cultural, or leisure events.

[0004] In the present disclosure, a gate arrangement comprises at least one gate. A gate (also referred to as a access control barrier) is configured to selectively block and selectively allow entry (i.e., in particular, access) from a first area to a second area. A gate can, in particular, ensure that only authorized users can pass through the gate, for example, to enter and / or exit the controlled area. For a user to utilize a gate arrangement, interactions between the gate arrangement and the user are required.

[0005] A gate system is configured to verify a user's ticket medium or the access authorization it contains before allowing passage through the gate. A gate can have at least one reading module or ticket scanning device. Common reading modules include optical readers, specifically designed to capture images of a graphical ticket code (e.g., barcode or QR code) within the reading area of ​​the module. A user can possess a ticket medium with access authorization readable by the reading module, for example, encoded in a ticket code (e.g., a ticket code such as a magnetic stripe code, a graphical ticket code such as a barcode or QR code, an RFID identifier, or another readable user or mobile device identifier, etc.).The ticket code can contain, as data content, at least the user's access authorization and / or an identification of the user, based on which the access authorization can be verified.

[0006] In its initial state, a gate is typically locked or in a locked state. This means, in particular, that a locking element of the gate physically prevents a user from passing through it. The locking element is in a closed position and is in a closed state. In other cases, the gate may initially be open and only close if a user without valid access authorization or a valid ticket medium attempts to pass through the gate.

[0007] Without loss of generality, it is assumed below that a gate is locked in its initial state and is in the closed state. The closed state is also referred to as the non-validated state. In the closed state, there is specifically no positive validation check of a user's ticket medium. In the closed state of the locking element or gate, the at least one locking element is in the closed position (or is held in the closed position by at least one actuator, or is being moved from an open position to the closed position) and, in particular, blocks a user from passing through the gate.

[0008] The gate arrangement includes an actuator control device, configured to control an actuator of the gate such that the actuator moves the locking element to a predetermined position, in particular to the open position or the closed position, for example depending on a validation check.

[0009] A successful validation check of a user's ticket medium causes the gate or locking element to be set to the open state. In this open or validated state, the locking element is moved from the closed to the open position by an actuator to allow the user to pass through. Specifically, a validation module of the gate assembly and / or a background system communicating with the gate assembly can verify the scanned ticket medium or the access authorization read from the scanned ticket medium.

[0010] If the validation check is successful, meaning the ticket medium is found to be valid or contains valid access authorization (particularly in the form of a valid validation date), the corresponding gate can be released by moving at least one locking element to the open position using an actuator, as described above. If the validation check is unsuccessful, meaning the ticket medium is found to be invalid or contains invalid access authorization (particularly in the form of an invalid validation date), the corresponding gate can remain locked by holding at least one locking element in the closed or locked position using the actuator. The locking element remains in the closed state.

[0011] In the prior art, the actuator control device is configured to control the actuator in such a way that, when at least one external force acts on the locking element, the actuator generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force.

[0012] Particularly for safety reasons, a gate arrangement where at least one locking element is in a locked position when closed may be designed so that, when a sufficiently large external force is applied to the at least one locking element, the gate can be moved from the closed to at least a partially open position while the locking element or gate is closed or in a non-validated state. This means that the at least one locking element is (partially) opened, but not by the at least one actuator provided for this purpose (e.g., a motor), but rather by a manually applied force against the actuating force applied by the actuator, if the applied external force exceeds the maximum permissible actuating force.

[0013] In particular, an actuator can apply a counterforce against a manually applied force, whereby in the prior art the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator is fixed, for example due to a technical limitation of the actuator. If the magnitude of the externally applied force exceeds the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator, then at least one locking element can be moved (manually).

[0014] For safety reasons, some countries require that a gate be opened with a force sufficient to allow passage, particularly in emergency situations such as panic, to provide users or passengers with an escape route through at least one gate in the gate arrangement. By applying a force greater than the specified maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator to the at least one locking element, users can thus leave the controlled area – for example, a train station – through the at least one gate in case of an emergency.

[0015] It may be stipulated that the necessary external breakthrough forces for opening the at least one locking element are defined differently, depending on the direction of passage (i.e., from the non-controlled area towards the controlled area and from the controlled area towards the non-controlled area). In other words, different maximum permissible actuating forces of the actuator may be predefined depending on the direction in which a breakthrough force is manually applied to a locking element.

[0016] The prior art attempts to make unauthorized entry into the controlled area more difficult, while facilitating exit from the controlled area in an emergency. However, the problem is that an unauthorized user on the non-controlled area side, with at least one locking element pulling towards the non-controlled area, only needs to exert the lower force required to break through (which is actually intended only for the opposite direction). It is also possible that a user on the controlled area side could push open the locking element while it is closed, thus allowing another unauthorized user on the non-controlled area side to enter the controlled area.

[0017] Therefore, a gate arrangement is fundamentally subject to a tension between the following requirements: • The breakthrough force (or maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator) in the direction of the controlled area should be maximized to prevent unauthorized entry into the controlled area (e.g., unauthorized use of a transport vehicle) by breaking through the gate. • The breakthrough force (or maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator) in the direction of the non-controlled area should be reduced, in particular minimized, in order to allow a user to easily leave the controlled area (e.g. to the outside) in the event of an emergency.

[0018] In known gate arrangements, the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator, with which a locking element can be held in the closed position, is a static or predefined value, often the same for both the output and input directions. The choice of the maximum permissible actuating force of a locking element or gate actuator is subject to a conflict of objectives: low values ​​as an additional safety feature in case of an emergency, and high values ​​to prevent fraud (an important performance indicator for gates). As previously described, it is known in state-of-the-art gates to predefine different maximum permissible actuating forces for the output and input directions. However, this does not improve security against manipulation; in fact, it can sometimes reduce it further, as explained.

[0019] The German patent application DE 10 2022 124 738 A1 relates to a gate arrangement comprising at least one through-block with a first gate body and a second gate body arranged adjacent to the first gate body, wherein the first gate body and the second gate body define a passage between a controlled area and an uncontrolled area, and with at least one blocking element movable between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator, and a user-based or user-type-specific adaptation system comprising at least one optical sensor device, a user identification device, a classification device and a gate control device.Furthermore, EP 3 404 627 A1 discloses an access system comprising at least one gate array with at least one gate operable in at least two directional operating modes, wherein in a first directional operating mode the gate is configured to allow access from an uncontrolled area to a controlled area, and wherein in a further directional operating mode the gate is configured to allow access from the controlled area to the uncontrolled area, at least one detection device configured to detect at least one instantaneous user flow parameter and at least one control device configured to control the gate, such that the gate is operated in a directional operating mode determined depending on the detected instantaneous user flow parameter.From the publication DE 10 2022 124 736 B3, a gate arrangement is known, comprising at least two access control gates and a monitoring system with at least one first sensor device, at least configured to detect a user in a first access area of ​​the first access control gate and to detect a user in a second access area of ​​the second access control gate, and at least one detection device, configured to detect an assignment error state at least when, during the detection of the ticket medium by the first reading module of the first access control gate, a user is detected by the first sensor device only in the second access area at least almost simultaneously, and at least one control device, configured to initiate at least one assignment error action upon detection of the assignment error state.Finally, US patent 2021 / 0375083 A1 discloses a method for operating an adaptive gate system, which includes detecting a customer approaching the gate system. The method includes determining whether the access control gate should operate in a standard mode or a modified mode, at least partially based on data from one or more sensors. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a gate arrangement that at least partially reduces the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, simultaneously makes unauthorized entry into a controlled area more difficult and facilitates exit from the controlled area in an emergency.

[0020] The problem is solved according to a first aspect of the invention by a gate arrangement according to claim 1. The gate arrangement is particularly suitable for use in a passenger transport system. The gate arrangement comprises at least one gate. The at least one gate comprises a first gate body and a second gate body arranged adjacent to the first gate body. The first gate body and the second gate body define a passage between a controlled area and a non-controlled area. The gate comprises at least one locking element movable between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator of the gate. The gate arrangement includes an actuator control unit. The actuator control unit is configured to control the actuator such that the actuator moves the locking element to a predetermined position.The actuator control unit is configured to control the actuator such that, when at least one external force acts on the locking element, the actuator generates an actuating force opposing the external force, up to a maximum permissible actuating force. The gate assembly includes at least one occupancy status detection device. The occupancy status detection device is configured to detect the occupancy status of the gate on a controlled area side of the locking element and / or on a non-controlled area side of the locking element. The gate assembly includes at least one force detection device. The force detection device is configured to detect at least one force parameter that causes the actuating force, wherein the actuating force opposes the acting external force.The at least one actuator control unit is set up to adjust the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator, based on the at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state.

[0021] In contrast to the prior art, the invention allows the maximum permissible actuating force of the gate actuator, with which the at least one locking element can be held in the closed position by at least one actuator (e.g., during a closed state of the gate), to be dynamically adjustable depending on the (current) situation (e.g., emergency situation, fraud situation, etc.) at the gate, which can be derived at least from the at least one detected force parameter and the at least one detected occupancy state of the gate, thus at least partially reducing the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, simultaneously making unauthorized entry into a controlled area more difficult and, in an emergency situation, facilitating exit from the controlled area.The invention thus enables the determination, and in particular the estimation, of whether an external force is applied to a locking element for fraudulent purposes or for escape (due to an emergency situation), based on at least one detected force parameter and at least one detected occupancy state. Depending on this, the value of the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator can be dynamically adjusted, in particular minimized or maximized.

[0022] The gate arrangement according to the invention is preferably used in a passenger transport system (but also in other applications where user authorization to enter or leave a controlled area needs to be controlled, such as at sporting, cultural, or leisure events), in particular to separate a controlled area of ​​the passenger transport system from an uncontrolled area. A passenger transport system according to the invention is, in particular, a public passenger transport system and serves to transport persons or users by means of passenger transport vehicles (hereinafter referred to as transport vehicles). Examples of transport vehicles, which are not exhaustive, include rail vehicles (e.g., trains, subways, trams, etc.), motor vehicles (e.g., buses), but also watercraft (e.g., ferries) and aircraft.The controlled area is, in particular, a train station, a bus stop, etc.

[0023] The gate arrangement according to the invention comprises at least one gate, preferably two or more gates or through-blocks, which are in particular arranged adjacent to each other.

[0024] A gate comprises (for example, exactly) two gate bodies. Two gates arranged adjacent to each other can (always) share a gate body. A gate body is, in particular, a base of a gate arrangement extending in the direction of passage. The two gate bodies of a pass-through block are, in particular, arranged parallel to each other. The area between the gate bodies, which is defined or formed by the gate bodies, is, in particular, a passage from the controlled area to the non-controlled area and / or from the non-controlled area to the controlled area. The passage comprises a passage area. The two gate bodies of a pass-through block form the lateral boundary of the passage of this gate.

[0025] A gate arrangement according to the invention can, in particular, be arranged at an entrance and / or exit of a controlled area. The controlled area can, in particular, require an access authorization or authorization for a user to enter or remain within it.

[0026] Each gate preferably comprises at least one read module. The at least one read module can be arranged in or on a (defined) gate body of the respective gate. For example, the respective gate body of a gate, arranged on the right-hand side in the direction of transmission, can comprise the read module (particularly in the area of ​​the end face of the gate body).

[0027] For example, at least one reading module can be a Bluetooth reading module, RFID reading module, NFC reading module, WLAN reading module, optical reading module, magnetic stripe scanner and / or the like.

[0028] Preferably, at least one reading module of a gate can be an NFC reading module and / or an optical reading module (e.g., barcode scanner or QR code scanner), configured to capture a ticket code from a ticket medium held within the detection range or reach of the reading module. The range of a reading module in the form of an NFC reading module and / or an optical reading module can be between approximately 0 and 20 cm, in particular between approximately 0 and 10 cm.

[0029] The ticket medium can be a mobile device on which a ticket code (containing at least access authorization as data) can be stored in a readable format. For example, a graphical ticket code can be displayed on the mobile device's screen. Alternatively or additionally, a stored ticket code can be read via the mobile device's NFC interface.

[0030] Examples of mobile devices (this list is not exhaustive) include smartphones, tablet computers, mobile game consoles, laptops, netbooks, smartwatches and similar wearables.

[0031] However, the ticket medium is not limited to a mobile device, but can also be another ticket medium, such as a paper- or card-based ticket medium, for example with a graphic ticket code located on the outside, especially printed on it, or with a magnetic stripe.

[0032] Other examples of ticket media that can be detected by a reading module include tokens, chip cards (or smart cards), credit cards, bank cards (or the like), mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet PCs, integrated circuit chips, electronic passports, electronic identity documents, etc.

[0033] A gate according to the invention comprises at least one locking element. In particular, at least one locking element can be attached to at least one gate body of a (respective) gate. In particular, each gate can comprise at least one (controllable) actuator or drive (e.g., an electric motor) configured to move the locking element between an open position and a closed position.

[0034] The gate arrangement includes an actuator control device, configured to control the actuator such that the actuator moves the locking element to a predetermined position, for example, an open position or a closed position.

[0035] Moving the locking element to the open position by an actuator is permissible only while the locking element or gate is in its open or validated state. In the open position and state, passage through the gate is authorized. In this context, an open or validated state refers specifically to a state in which a user (based on their successfully verified ticket medium) is authorized to pass through the gate. After a (detected) passage through the gate, the gate or locking element can be reset to the closed state, and then the locking element can be moved to the closed position. Specifically, a positive validation check of the ticket medium is present in the open state.

[0036] During a closed or non-validated state of the blocking element or the gate, the passage through the gate is (physically) blocked, in particular by the blocking element being in the closed position or being moved into this position.

[0037] In this context, a closed or unvalidated state refers specifically to a state in which a user is not authorized to pass through the gate (for example, due to a failed ticket validation check or because no ticket was detected). Specifically, a closed state indicates either a failed ticket validation check or no validation check at all.

[0038] The at least one locking element can preferably be a turnstile and / or a door. A gate can also have two locking elements in the form of two doors. In particular, a gate can include a separate actuator for each locking element.

[0039] The actuator control unit is configured to control the actuator such that, when at least one external force acts on the locking element, the actuator generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force (dynamically adjustable according to the invention). In particular, an actuator can apply an actuating force in the form of a counterforce against a force manually applied to the locking element. If the magnitude of the manual force exceeds the (currently set) maximum permissible actuating force, the at least one locking element can be moved (manually).

[0040] According to the invention, the maximum permissible actuating force can be dynamically adjusted or changed during operation of the gate arrangement, particularly during the closed state. In particular, the maximum permissible actuating force can be adjusted (continuously or incrementally) at least between a minimum and a maximum value.

[0041] Adjusting the maximum permissible actuating force (while closed) can, for example, involve changing the maximum permissible actuating force compared to a (predefined) standard maximum permissible actuating force. In particular, the maximum permissible actuating force can be reduced (e.g., to the lowest possible value) to allow for easy opening of the locking element, or it can be increased (e.g., to the highest possible value) to make opening the locking element as difficult as possible. It is understood that changes between other actuating force values ​​are also possible.

[0042] The at least one actuator can be a motor, in particular an electric motor, for example in the form of a DC motor.

[0043] The actuator or locking element drive can move a locking element directly (i.e., without a change in gear ratio) or via a gearbox with a change in gear ratio, for example, pivoting it (e.g., a locking element in the form of a swing door). A linkage gearbox can be located between the actuator and the locking element, translating a rotational movement of the locking element drive into a (essentially) linear movement of the locking element. In this case, the at least one locking element can be moved linearly and cannot be pivoted around an axis (e.g., a locking element in the form of a sliding door).

[0044] It has been recognized that the (dynamic) adjustment of the maximum permissible actuating force should depend on the (current) situation at the gate. To capture this situation, the invention proposes capturing at least one force parameter causing the actuating force (in particular, at least nearly continuously or quasi-continuously) and at least one gate occupancy state (in particular, at least nearly continuously or quasi-continuously).

[0045] In this context, detecting a force parameter that causes the actuating force means, in particular, detecting a parameter from which it can at least be deduced that a (manual) external force (by a user) is exerted on the locking element. A force detection device is provided that is configured to detect at least one force parameter that causes the actuating force, whereby the actuating force opposes the acting external force. The force parameter can, in particular, be proportional to the actuating force. The actuating force can (from a control engineering perspective) depend on the external force. The force parameter can (only) be indirectly representative of the applied external force, like an actuator current.

[0046] In this context, acquiring an occupancy parameter of the gate means, in particular, acquiring an occupancy parameter from which it can be determined whether a user is present at the gate. Specifically, according to the invention, an occupancy parameter of the gate is acquired on a controlled area side of the locking element (also referred to as "in front of the locking element") and on a non-controlled area side of the locking element (also referred to as "behind the locking element"). In particular, this allows it to be determined whether (instantaneously) (e.g., during the closed state) at least one user is present on the controlled area side and whether a user is present on the non-controlled area side. From this, it can be determined, for example, in which direction a user intends to pass through the gate (from the controlled area to the non-controlled area or from the non-controlled area to the controlled area).

[0047] For example, if an external force is determined based on a detected force parameter and it is established that only one user is at the gate in the non-controlled area, the maximum permissible actuating force can be maximized. Conversely, if an external force is determined based on a detected force parameter and it is established that only one user is at the gate in the controlled area, the maximum permissible actuating force can be minimized.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the occupancy state detection device can be configured for quasi-continuous detection of an occupancy state of the gate on a controlled area side of the locking element and / or on a non-controlled area side of the locking element.

[0049] In this context, "quasi-continuous" refers in particular to continuous data acquisition, especially measurement, to the extent technically feasible. Specifically, the gate's occupancy status can be periodically acquired. Additionally, the force acquisition device can be configured for the quasi-continuous acquisition of at least the force parameter causing the actuating force. In this context, "quasi-continuous" refers in particular to continuous (e.g., periodic) data acquisition, especially measurement, to the extent technically feasible. The at least one actuator control device can be configured for the quasi-continuous adjustment of the actuator's maximum permissible actuating force. In this context, "quasi-continuous" refers in particular to continuous (e.g., periodic) adjustment, to the extent technically feasible. Specifically, a real-time response to a situation at the gate is possible (to the extent technically feasible).

[0050] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the actuator can be configured to generate the actuating force such that the actuator holds the locking element in its current position. In particular, when the locking element is in the closed position, the actuator can be controlled by the actuator control unit such that the locking element is held in the closed position. Alternatively or additionally, the actuator can be configured to generate the actuating force such that the actuator moves the locking element from an open position to the closed position. In particular, when the locking element is in an open position, the actuator can be controlled by the actuator control unit such that the actuator moves the locking element from an open position to the closed position.

[0051] Preferably, the gate arrangement can include a locking element position sensor configured for (quasi-continuous) detection of the current or instantaneous position of the movable locking element. In particular, the actuator control unit can control the actuator based on the instantaneous position of the movable locking element. Specifically, the actuator control unit can control the actuator such that the actuator moves the locking element from an open position to the closed position when an open position is detected by the locking element position sensor. The actuator control unit can also control the actuator such that the actuator holds the locking element in the closed position when a closed position is detected by the locking element position sensor.

[0052] According to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the actuator can be configured to generate the actuating force such that the actuator moves the locking element from an open position to the closed position at an actuating speed that does not exceed a maximum permissible actuating speed. The at least one actuator control unit can be configured to (dynamically) adjust the maximum permissible actuating speed based on the at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state. In particular, the maximum permissible actuating speed can be adjusted based on the current situation at the gate. This can further improve safety.

[0053] As described, according to one embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the gate arrangement can include a locking element position sensor configured to detect the current position of the movable locking element. The at least one actuator control unit can be configured to adjust the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator (and / or the maximum permissible actuating speed), further based on the detected current position of the locking element and / or a detected force direction (as will be described in more detail below).

[0054] According to one embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the occupancy status detection device can comprise at least one sensor, preferably a plurality of sensors. The at least one sensor can be configured to monitor (at least nearly continuously) the passage area of ​​the gate in front of and behind the blocking element, or the non-controlled area side and controlled area side. In other words, at least one occupancy status parameter can be detected in order to detect an occupancy status. The at least one sensor can be selected from the group consisting of light points, light grids, cameras, radar, weight sensors, or other sensors for presence detection. It is understood that an occupancy status detection device can comprise two or more (different) sensors.

[0055] According to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the force detection device can comprise at least one actuator sensor. The at least one actuator sensor can be configured to detect, in particular measure, (as the first force parameter) at least one actuator parameter (at least during the closed state). An actuator parameter, in particular a motor parameter, is in particular a parameter that is present or applied to the actuator during the closed state. In particular, it has been recognized that a change in the at least one actuator parameter can indicate the presence (or absence) of an external force acting on the locking element.

[0056] According to a preferred embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the actuator sensor can be configured to detect a motor current applied to the actuator (as an actuator parameter). In particular, it can be deduced from the applied motor current whether the actuator, in the form of a motor, exerts a counterforce to a force applied externally to the locking element.

[0057] According to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the force detection device can comprise at least one locking element position sensor. The locking element position sensor can be configured to detect, in particular measure, (preferably as a further or second force parameter) a position parameter of the locking element (at least during the closed state), as already described. In particular, detecting a position parameter can include (quasi-continuous) monitoring of the position of the locking element, especially detecting a change compared to the rest position of the locking element. It has been recognized, in particular, that a change in the at least one position parameter or value (compared to a rest position parameter or value) can indicate an external force acting on the locking element.

[0058] It is particularly advantageous for the first and second force parameters to be recorded (quasi-continuously) during the closed state and, in particular, evaluated.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the locking element position sensor can be configured to detect a locking element angle relative to a rest position of the locking element (at least during the closed state). The at least one locking element position sensor can comprise or be at least one position sensor, for example in the form of an incremental encoder for measuring changes in angle (relative to a predefined rest position of the locking element in which no external force is exerted on the locking element). The locking element position sensor can, for example, be attached to the locking element or to the actuator.

[0060] Particularly preferably, the motor current of the actuator of the locking element, the change in angle of the position of the locking element (relative to the predefined rest position) and the occupancy state in front of and behind the locking element can be recorded, determined and in particular evaluated.

[0061] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the force detection device can be configured to detect the direction of an external force exerted on the locking element. In particular, the direction of the force can be detected and, more specifically, determined by means of the locking element position sensor, for example, from the measured change in angle. By detecting and, in particular, determining the direction of an external force exerted on the locking element, the situation at the gate during the closed state can be assessed even more precisely.

[0062] According to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the gate arrangement can include at least one brake. The brake can be configured to (mechanically) block movement of the locking element, particularly when the locking element is in the closed position. The actuator control unit can be configured to control the brake based on the at least one detected force parameter and the at least one detected occupancy state. In particular, if the detected parameters (values) indicate a fraudulent situation, the optional brake can additionally be controlled to prevent movement of the locking element, especially in the closed position. Preferably, a brake can be implemented if the maximum adjustable maximum permissible actuating force makes movement of the locking element more difficult, but in particular cannot completely prevent it. This can make fraud attempts even more difficult.

[0063] As previously described, according to one embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the gate can comprise a further locking element movable by a further actuator. For example, a gate can comprise exactly two locking elements in the form of (opposite) doors, with a first locking element arranged on the first gate body and the further locking element on the second gate body. The actuator control device can be configured to control the further actuator (independently of the other actuator) such that, when at least one further external force acts on the further locking element, the further actuator generates a further actuating force in the opposite direction to the further external force up to a further maximum permissible actuating force, as already described analogously.The at least one force sensing device can be configured to detect at least one additional force parameter causing the further actuating force, as already described analogously. The at least one actuator control device can be configured to independently adjust the additional maximum permissible actuating force (and / or the maximum permissible actuating speed) of the additional actuator, based on the at least one detected additional force parameter and the detected occupancy state (and in particular a detected additional instantaneous position of the additional locking element and / or a detected additional force direction exerted on the additional locking element). In particular, at least the respective maximum permissible actuating force of the two locking elements of the gate can be adjusted independently of each other, based on the situation at the gate, i.e., in particular depending on at least some of the aforementioned detected parameters.The same applies to the respective maximum permissible actuation speed of the two locking elements of the gate. Safety can be further improved.

[0064] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the gate arrangement, in particular the actuator control unit, can comprise at least one evaluation unit. The evaluation unit can be configured to determine a target gate behavior based on a detected parameter set that includes at least one detected force parameter and at least one detected occupancy state. The target gate behavior can be determined from a plurality of predefined behavior patterns that are stored in a data memory and can be assigned to different predefined parameter patterns. The actuator control unit can be configured to determine the maximum permissible actuating force based on the determined target gate behavior.

[0065] A predefined parameter set or parameter set range represents, in particular, a situation or scenario that occurs at the gate with a certain probability. For example, a parameter set (or the parameter value ranges) for a defined situation (e.g., fraud situation, emergency situation, etc.) can be determined through tests and / or simulations. Each defined situation or parameter set can be assigned a target gate behavior, including at least one value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force. These assignments can be stored in a data memory of the gate assembly.

[0066] The gate's target behavior specifies, in particular, how the gate, and especially its at least one locking element, should behave in the assigned situation. Specifically, a gate's target behavior can be represented by a data set containing at least one value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force. A predefined parameter set or range contains, in particular, parameters or parameter ranges of the detectable parameters (at least one force parameter and one occupancy state).

[0067] The evaluation unit can be configured to compare the parameter values ​​of the detected parameter pattern with the respective predefined and stored parameter sets or parameter set ranges. If the evaluation unit (for example, a software module executable by a processor) determines that the parameter values ​​of the detected parameter pattern lie within the predefined parameter range values ​​of a predefined parameter set range, the evaluation unit can determine the target gate behavior associated with this predefined parameter set range. The actuator control unit can then adjust at least the maximum permissible actuating force (and / or the maximum permissible actuating speed) according to the determined target gate behavior, for example, by controlling the actuator (and optionally the brake) accordingly.In a simple way, based on the recorded parameters, the gate can be operated according to the situation assumed at the gate.

[0068] Preferably, according to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement, the plurality of predefined behavior patterns can include at least a gate blocking behavior and a gate release behavior. In this context, the gate blocking behavior means, in particular, that manually opening the blocking element is made more difficult (compared to a standard case), especially to the extent technically feasible. For example, the gate blocking behavior can specify that the maximum permissible actuating force is set to the maximum possible value of the actuator, i.e., maximized, and optionally the aforementioned brake is activated. Specifically, the gate blocking behavior can include a maximized value for the maximum permissible actuating force and, optionally, an instruction for activating the brake. The actuator control unit can then control the aforementioned elements accordingly.

[0069] In this context, the gate release behavior means, in particular, that manual opening of the locking element is facilitated (compared to a standard case), especially up to the technically feasible limit. For example, the gate release behavior can specify that the maximum permissible actuating force is set to the minimum possible value of the actuator, i.e., minimized. The actuator control unit can then control the actuator accordingly.

[0070] For example, a gate locking behavior can be assigned to a fraud situation or a predefined parameter set area representing a fraud situation, and a gate enabling behavior can be assigned to an emergency situation or a predefined parameter set area representing an emergency situation.

[0071] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, a predefined parameter set range can be assigned to the predefined gate locking behavior, containing no validation date or an invalid validation date, an occupied state on the non-control area side of the locking element (i.e., in particular, a user is in front of the locking element) and an unoccupied state on the control area side of the locking element (i.e., in particular, no user is behind the locking element), and at least one detected force parameter from which it can at least be deduced that an external force (and / or moment) greater than zero is applied to the locking element (during the closed state). This (first) predefined parameter set range can be assigned to a fraud scenario in which an unauthorized user wishes to enter the control area by pushing or pulling the locking element.

[0072] Preferably, the predefined gate release behavior can additionally be associated with a predefined parameter set area containing no validation date or an invalid validation date, an unoccupied state on the non-control area side of the locking element (i.e., in particular, no user is in front of the locking element) and an occupied state on the control area side of the locking element (i.e., in particular, a user is behind the locking element), and at least one detected force parameter from which it can at least be deduced that an external force (and / or moment) greater than zero is applied to the locking element (during the closed state). This (second) predefined parameter set area can be associated with an emergency situation in which a user wants to leave the control area by pushing or pulling the locking element.

[0073] According to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the actuator control unit can be configured to adjust the maximum permissible actuating force (and / or maximum permissible actuating speed) by specifying a maximum permissible motor current value, in particular based on the defined gate setpoint behavior. Specifically, the at least one predefined actuator setpoint parameter can be the maximum permissible motor current value. In a simple manner, the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator can be dynamically adjusted.

[0074] Preferably, the captured parameter pattern can contain a validation date indicating a valid validation (valid validation date) or an incorrect validation (invalid or missing validation date) of an access authorization at the gate.

[0075] In particular, the parameter pattern can be recaptured after each return of the gate to a ground state.

[0076] As previously described, a situation that may currently exist at the gate can be estimated from the at least two parameters recorded (during the closed state). However, it has been shown that the initial estimate can be erroneous, for example, due to fraud by one or more users. For instance, a situation initially estimated as an emergency may actually be a fraudulent situation. To at least minimize the damage in such a case, a further preferred embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention proposes that the gate arrangement may include at least one analysis unit. The analysis unit and the evaluation unit can form a single, combined unit.

[0077] The analysis device can be configured to detect a locking element that has moved at least partially into the open position (while in the closed state). For example, such movement can be triggered by a small external manual force due to a set reduced maximum permissible actuating force corresponding to a gate release behavior. The occupancy status detection device can be configured to detect the occupancy status of the gate assembly on the controlled area side of the locking element and / or on the non-controlled area side of the locking element while in the closed state and in the at least partially open position. In particular, the respective occupancy status can be monitored at least almost continuously or quasi-continuously in the manner described above.

[0078] The actuator control unit can be configured to control the actuator in such a way that the locking element is moved by the actuator into the closed position (possibly at a lower speed than the normal closing speed (for example, the maximum permissible actuating speed can be reduced, as described)), based on the at least one detected occupancy state. In particular, if (quasi-continuous) evaluation of the at least one (quasi-continuously) detected occupancy state reveals that, contrary to an initial assumption that a first user (in an emergency situation) wishes to leave the controlled area, this first user wishes to allow another user to enter the controlled area from the non-controlled area, the locking element can be moved into the closed position by the actuator, in particular by controlling the actuator with a correspondingly (increased) actuator motor current.It goes without saying that this must be done in such a way that there is no risk of injury.

[0079] Alternatively or additionally (especially in the example mentioned above), the actuator control unit can be configured to control an alarm device of the gate assembly, such that the alarm device issues an alarm (e.g., visual and / or audible) based on at least one detected occupancy state. Fraud protection can be further improved.

[0080] According to a further embodiment of the gate arrangement according to the invention, the gate arrangement can comprise a plurality of gates, as already described. Furthermore, the gate arrangement can include at least one gate controller. The gate controller can be configured to jointly control the respective actuator control units of the respective gates when the gate controller detects that a gate release behavior (determined by the evaluation unit) is being determined at at least two gates at least almost simultaneously, such that a respective reduced maximum permissible actuating force of the respective actuators of the gates is set. In particular, an emergency situation can be detected at a plurality of gates at least almost simultaneously. From this, it can be deduced that a large number of users want / need to leave the non-controlled area (quickly).Upon detecting such a situation, the gate control can, in particular, ensure that all gates are operated according to the gate release behavior, specifically by reducing the respective maximum permissible actuating force for all actuators of the gate arrangement, for example, by setting it to the minimum possible actuating force value. In variants of the invention, the locking elements can also be actively moved into the open position by the respective actuator.

[0081] The following are some exemplary use cases: The use cases describe exemplary conceivable application scenarios / implementation options of the embodiments of the invention described above. 1. Fraud situation “Pulling”

[0082] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to at least one locking element in the direction of the non-control area, and the occupancy state on the non-control area side is "occupied" (and on the control area side unoccupied or not occupied).

[0083] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: A user pulls on at least one locking element from the outside to enter the control area (without a valid ticket medium or valid validation date).

[0084] The gate behavior assigned to this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate blocking behavior: e.g., the opening of the blocking element is to be prevented up to the technically feasible maximum force, or the maximum permissible actuating force is to be increased accordingly, and the brake may also be activated if necessary. Furthermore, the alarm device can optionally be triggered.

[0085] Should the locking element nevertheless have been moved, the analysis device can take action (as described in particular): • As soon as the locking element stops moving: close the gate at a reduced closing speed (i.e., at the set reduced maximum permissible actuating speed) • As soon as the occupancy status detection device indicates that no one is near the locking element: close the gate at an increased closing speed (i.e., at the set increased maximum permissible closing speed) 2. A fraud situation that initially assumes an emergency situation.

[0086] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to at least one locking element in the direction of the non-control area, and the occupancy state on the control area side is "occupied" (and on the non-control area side (initially) unoccupied).

[0087] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: At least one person must obviously move from the controlled area into the non-controlled area (emergency situation).

[0088] The gate behavior associated with this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate release behavior: The opening of the at least one locking element is permitted by reducing the counter-holding force exerted by the motor. In other words, the maximum permissible actuating force is reduced, specifically to the minimum possible value.

[0089] The occupancy status detection device then determines, while the locking element is at least partially moved into the open position (e.g., as determined by the analysis device) during the closed state, that the occupancy status on the non-controlled area side has changed and is now occupied (e.g., another person starts walking through the gate from the outside).

[0090] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: A person has moved the gate open from the inside to allow another person entry (fraud situation).

[0091] Example response measures: • Closing the gate, as described above, and / or • Raise the alarm, as described above. 3. Fraud situation: "Opening the locking elements in opposite directions"

[0092] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to a first locking element of the gate in the direction of the non-control area, another external force is applied to the second locking element of the gate in the opposite direction, and the occupancy state on the non-control area side is "occupied" (and on the control area side (initially) unoccupied).

[0093] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: At least one person obviously wants to get from the non-control area into the control area by pulling on one locking element and pushing the other locking element to open a passage.

[0094] The gate behavior assigned to this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate blocking behavior: e.g., the opening of the respective blocking element is to be prevented up to the technically feasible maximum force, or the respective maximum permissible actuating force is to be increased accordingly, and the brake may also be activated if necessary. Furthermore, the alarm device can optionally be triggered.

[0095] Should the locking elements have been moved, the analysis facility can take action (as described above): • Once the locking elements are no longer moved: close the gate at a reduced closing speed (i.e., at the set reduced maximum permissible actuation speed) • As soon as the occupancy status detection device indicates that no one is near the locking elements: close the gate at an increased closing speed (i.e., at the set increased maximum permissible closing speed) 4. Fraud situation “unsuccessful pressing”, where an emergency situation is initially assumed:

[0096] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to at least one locking element in the direction of the non-control area, and the occupancy state on the control area side is "occupied" (and on the non-control area side (initially) unoccupied).

[0097] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: At least one person must obviously move from the controlled area into the non-controlled area (emergency situation).

[0098] The gate behavior assigned to this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate release behavior: The opening of the at least one locking element is permitted by reducing the counter-holding force exerted by the motor or by reducing the maximum permissible actuating force.

[0099] A locking element position sensor of the at least one locking element can detect that the at least one locking element has only been opened a few degrees and will not be moved further.

[0100] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: Break through attempt.

[0101] The analysis facility can, for example, achieve the following measures (as described): • As soon as the locking element stops moving: close the gate at a reduced closing speed (i.e., at the set reduced maximum permissible actuating speed) • As soon as the occupancy status detection device indicates that no one is near the locking elements: close the gate at an increased closing speed (i.e., at the set increased maximum permissible closing speed) • Raise the alarm. 5. Fraud case: “Stopping Neighborgate”

[0102] A first gate has at least one locking element that is in the open position.

[0103] The occupancy status detection device of the first gate specifically records that the passage "before" and "after" the at least one locking element of the first gate is being regularly traversed by a person.

[0104] At least one locking element should be closed normally (the gate is already in the closed state during the closing process).

[0105] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to at least one locking element, and the occupancy state on the controlled area side is unoccupied, and on the non-controlled area side it is unoccupied.

[0106] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: Another person is standing in the adjacent gate and is trying to hold the at least one open locking element. (The occupancy status detection device of the adjacent gate may also be evaluated for this purpose). Alternatively, the at least one locking element of the first gate may be jammed, or something similar.

[0107] The gate behavior assigned to this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate locking behavior: closing of the at least one held locking element up to the technically feasible maximum force or the maximum permissible actuating force is set to the maximum possible value (in particular, a reduced maximum permissible actuating speed may be set) and, in particular, an alarm is triggered, as already described. 6. Emergency situation: A single person at a single gate

[0108] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to at least one locking element in the direction of the non-control area, and the occupancy state on the control area side is "occupied" (and on the non-control area side (initially) unoccupied).

[0109] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: At least one person must obviously move from the controlled area into the non-controlled area (emergency situation).

[0110] The gate behavior assigned to this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate release behavior: The opening of the at least one locking element is permitted by reducing the counter-holding force exerted by the motor; the maximum permissible actuating force is thus dynamically reduced, in particular to the minimum possible value, as has already been described in detail.

[0111] The occupancy status monitoring device specifically records that a person has left the gate on the outside.

[0112] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: At least one person has used the gate as an emergency exit.

[0113] Example response measure: As soon as the occupancy status detection device indicates that no one is near the locking elements: close the gate with an increased closing speed; the maximum permissible actuating speed can therefore be increased accordingly. 7. Emergency situation: Several people at a single gate

[0114] The following parameters are recorded or derived from the aforementioned parameters: An external force is applied to at least one locking element in the direction of the non-control area, and the occupancy state on the control area side is "occupied" (and on the non-control area side (initially) unoccupied).

[0115] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: At least one person must obviously move from the controlled area into the non-controlled area (emergency situation).

[0116] The gate behavior assigned to this predefined parameter pattern is, in particular, a gate release behavior: The opening of the at least one locking element is permitted by reducing the counter-holding force exerted by the motor; the maximum permissible actuating force is thus dynamically reduced, in particular to the minimum possible value, as has already been described in detail.

[0117] The occupancy status monitoring device specifically records that a person has left the gate on the outside.

[0118] The occupancy status monitoring system then detects that more people are passing through the gate to leave the controlled area.

[0119] Detected scenario or situation based on a (corresponding) predefined and stored parameter pattern: Several people have used the gate as an emergency exit.

[0120] Example response measure: As soon as the occupancy status detection device indicates that no one is near the locking elements: Close the gate at a reduced closing speed, as already described in particular. 8. Emergency situation: A large number of people at multiple gates of a gate arrangement

[0121] A gate controller (also called gate array controller or station controller) detects that the 6th or 7th situation exists at a large number of gates in a gate array.

[0122] Detected scenario: A major emergency appears to be occurring. The gate control system will preferably open all gates in the gate array.

[0123] Example response measure, especially through gate control only: return to normal operation.

[0124] A further aspect of the invention is a device for operating a gate arrangement, in particular a gate arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gate arrangement comprises at least one gate with a first gate body and a second gate body arranged adjacent to the first gate body, wherein the first gate body and the second gate body define a passage between a controlled area and a non-controlled area, and at least one locking element movable between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator of the gate, and at least one actuator control device configured to control the actuator such that the actuator moves the locking element to a predetermined position, wherein the actuator control device is configured to control the actuator such thatthat the actuator, when at least one external force acts on the locking element, generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force. The method includes: - Detecting, by means of at least one occupancy status detection device, an occupancy status of the gate on a controlled area side of the locking element and / or on a non-controlled area side of the locking element, - Detection, by at least one force detection device, of at least one force parameter of the acting external force that causes the actuating force, and - Adjusting, by means of at least one actuator control device, the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator, based on at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state.

[0125] Another aspect of the invention is a computer program comprising instructions that cause a processor of a gate arrangement, in particular a gate arrangement described above (according to claim 1), to execute and / or control the process steps of the method described above.

[0126] The computer program can be installed in a computing device (e.g., a processor) of a gate assembly. It serves, in particular, to control at least one (previously described) force sensing device, occupancy status sensing device, and actuator control device. The computer program is a software application executable by one or more processors of the gate assembly.

[0127] The computer program, in particular the instructions or program statements, can be stored in a computer program product, especially a program memory. For example, a program memory is a non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic memory, EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), and / or optical memory.

[0128] Additionally, a gate-based computing device can have main memory, for example, volatile or non-volatile memory, in particular random access memory (RAM), such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), and / or magnetic RAM (MRAM). The gate-based processor can, for example, store intermediate results or similar data in the main memory.

[0129] A further aspect of the invention is a passenger transport system comprising at least one transport vehicle and at least one gate arrangement as previously described, wherein the gate arrangement is configured to control access to the transport vehicle, in particular from a non-controlled area via the controlled area to the transport vehicle.

[0130] Preferably, the passenger transport system can include a backend system. A backend system can comprise one or more (distributed) computing devices and, in particular, serve as a server arrangement. Executable (software) modules / devices can be installed on the backend system. The backend system can be communicatively connected to the at least one gate arrangement via a (wireless and / or wired) communication network, in particular for the exchange of data.

[0131] In variants of the invention, a device / assembly or a module of the gate arrangement can also be implemented, at least partially, in the background system. For example, a validation module can be implemented, at least partially, in the background system.

[0132] Furthermore, the passenger transport system can include at least one of the ticketing media described above.

[0133] A previously described module, device, or assembly can comprise at least some hardware elements (e.g., processor, memory, etc.) and / or at least some software elements (e.g., executable code). It should also be noted that terms such as "first," "second," "further," etc., do not indicate a sequence but serve primarily to distinguish between two elements (e.g., lock element, gate body, gate, etc.).

[0134] The features of the gate arrangements, methods, computer programs, and passenger transport systems can be freely combined with one another. In particular, features of the description and / or the dependent claims, even by completely or partially circumventing features of the independent claims, can be independently inventive, either on their own or freely combined.

[0135] There are now numerous possibilities for designing and further developing the gate arrangement, the passenger transport system, the method, and the computer program according to the invention. Reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims subordinate to the independent claims, and on the other hand, to the description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1a a schematic top view of an embodiment of a gate arrangement according to the present invention, Fig. 1b a schematic frontal view of the embodiment according to Fig. 1a, Fig. 2 a schematic view of a concept diagram of the present invention, Fig. 3 a schematic view of an embodiment of a passenger transport system according to the present invention, and Fig. 4 a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present invention.

[0136] Similar elements are subsequently designated by similar reference numerals. An example of a passenger transport system in which a gate arrangement according to the invention can be used is shown below. It is understood that the following descriptions can also be applied to other application systems or areas in which a gate arrangement according to the invention can be used where user authorization to enter or leave a controlled area is to be controlled, such as at sporting, cultural, or leisure events.

[0137] The Fig. Figure 1a shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of a gate arrangement 100 according to the present invention and Fig. 1b a front view of the embodiment according to Fig. 1a at the intersection line Ib-Ib.

[0138] The gate arrangement 100 is intended for use in a (not shown) passenger transport system. The (public) passenger transport system comprises at least one gate arrangement 100, and in particular, multiple gate arrangements 100. Furthermore, the passenger transport system can include at least one transport vehicle, preferably multiple transport vehicles, each equipped to transport multiple users. The transport vehicle is located within a control area 110 of the passenger transport system, or can only be entered and exited via the respective control areas. Use of the transport vehicle or entry into the control area 110 by a user requires valid access authorization or a valid (not shown) ticket medium.

[0139] The at least one gate arrangement 100 is configured to separate an uncontrolled area or non-control area 112 from the controlled area or control area 110. This means, in particular, that entry into and / or exit from the control area 110 is controlled by the at least one gate arrangement 100.

[0140] The illustrated gate arrangement 100 comprises a gate 102 or a through-block. In variants of the invention, the gate arrangement can comprise at least one further gate, which can be arranged particularly adjacent to the gate.

[0141] The gate 102 has a first, in particular elongated, gate body 104 and a second, in particular elongated, gate body 106 arranged adjacent (in particular parallel) to the first gate body 104. The first gate body 104 and the second gate body 106 define a passage 108 from the non-control area 112 to the control area 110.

[0142] Furthermore, the gate 102 has at least one locking element 114, 116. In this case, two locking elements 114, 116 are provided, each in the form of a pivotable door (indicated by the arrows). A first locking element 114 is arranged on the first gate body 104, and a second locking element 116 is arranged opposite it on the second gate body 106. The at least one locking element 114, 116 can be moved between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator 118, 120. In particular, an actuator 118, 120 can be provided for each locking element 114, 116, especially in the form of an electric motor, such as a DC motor.Preferably, the two locking elements 114, 11 can be moved synchronously by the respective actuators 118, 120 in normal operation, i.e., at least almost simultaneously into the open position (in the case of a positive validation result), back into the closed position and in the closed position (which is in . Fig. 1 is shown) to be held.

[0143] In the closed position, in which, for example, the at least one locking element 114, 116 is located in the Fig. 1a and Fig. When position 1b is open, passage 108 through gate 102 is blocked. In the (not shown) open position, a user can pass through passage 108 and the gate.

[0144] Gate 102 (in this case, the second gate body 106 of gate 102) has at least one reading module 138. The reading module 138 is specifically designed to detect a ticket medium held by a user within the (reading) range of the reading module 138. Preferably, the reading module 138 can be an NFC reading module or an optical reading module (e.g., a barcode scanner or QR code scanner). It is understood that in variants of the invention, two or more (different) reading modules may be provided.

[0145] As previously described, the at least one actuator 118, 120 is configured to move the at least one locking element 114, 116, at least based on a validation check of the captured ticket medium. For example, the gate arrangement 100 can include a (not shown) validation module. In other variants, a (not shown) background system of the passenger transport system can include the validation module.

[0146] The validation module can be configured to perform a (conventional) validation check. In particular, by evaluating a ticket code read from the ticket medium, which contains an access authorization, it can be determined whether the ticket medium is a valid ticket medium or not, i.e., whether a valid validation date exists or not.

[0147] If a validation test result is positive or a valid validation date is reached, meaning that the ticket medium is confirmed to be valid or includes valid access authorization, gate 102 or the locking element 114, 116 can be set to the open or validated state. In the open state, gate 102 can be released by moving at least one locking element 114, 116 to the open position using at least one actuator 118, 120. After a user has passed through gate 108, gate 102 or the locking element 114, 116 can be set back to the closed or unvalidated state. In the closed state, the locking element is then moved to the closed position until another positive validation test result is obtained.

[0148] In the event of a negative test result, if it is determined that the ticket medium is invalid or contains invalid access authorization, i.e., no validation date or no valid validation date is determined, the gate 102 or the at least one locking element 114, 116 can remain in the closed position. In the closed state, and particularly in the closed position, a maximum permissible actuating force is specified for the at least one actuator 118, 120 of the at least one locking element 114, 116, which it can exert on the locking element. As will be described in more detail below, this maximum permissible actuating force is dynamically adjustable or changeable according to the invention.

[0149] Gate 102 is assigned a first passage area upstream of the blocking element 114, 116, also referred to as the non-control area side 134. This passage area must be traversed by any user upstream of the blocking element 114, 116 who wishes to pass through Gate 102, i.e., the passage from the non-control area 112 to the controlled area 110. Furthermore, Gate 102 is assigned a second passage area downstream of the blocking element 114, 116, also referred to as the controlled area side 136. This passage area must be traversed by any user downstream of the blocking element 114, 116 who wishes to pass through Gate 102, i.e., the passage from the non-control area 112 to the controlled area 110.

[0150] According to the invention, the gate arrangement 100 comprises at least one force detection device, in the present example comprising at least one actuator sensor 122, 124 and at least one locking element position sensor 132, 140. The force detection device is configured to detect at least one force parameter causing the actuating force, at least during the closed state.

[0151] In particular, the respective actuator sensor 122, 124 can be configured to detect a respective first force parameter in the form of an actuator parameter of the respective actuator 118, 120. The at least one actuator parameter is preferably the motor current of the actuator 118, 120 applied to the actuator 118, 120.

[0152] Preferably, the locking element position sensor 132, 140 can be configured to detect a further force parameter in the form of a position parameter of the locking element 114, 116, at least during the closed state, in particular with respect to a rest position of the locking element 114, 116. The rest position of a locking element 114, 116 refers in particular to the position of the locking element 114, 116 that it assumes in the closed position when no external force acts upon it.

[0153] Preferably, the position parameter can be a locking element angle with respect to the rest position of the locking element 114, 116. The locking element position sensor 132, 140 can, for example, be an incremental encoder for measuring changes in angle. In particular, the at least one locking element position sensor 132, 140 can (also) be configured to detect the direction of an external force exerted on the respective locking element 114, 116. For example, the direction of the force can be derived from the locking element angle (e.g., the sign of the measured locking element angle). In particular, in the present embodiment, the locking elements 114, 116 can be monitored independently of one another. Preferably, based on the respective detected parameter values, the respective maximum permissible actuating force can also be adjusted independently.

[0154] Furthermore, the gate arrangement 100 comprises at least one occupancy status detection device, for example, comprising a plurality of sensors 130. The occupancy status detection device is configured to detect the occupancy status of the gate 102 on a controlled area side 136 of the locking element 114, 116 or gate 102, and preferably additionally on a non-controlled area side 134 of the locking element 114, 116 or gate 102, at least during the closed state. In particular, the respective occupancy status of the respective passage sections can be continuously monitored and evaluated. The at least one sensor 130 can be selected from the group comprising light points, light grids, cameras, radar, weight sensors, or other sensors for presence detection. It is understood that an occupancy status detection device can comprise two or more different types of sensors.

[0155] Furthermore, the gate arrangement 100 comprises at least one actuator control unit 126, 128. Two actuator control units 126, 128 are provided here as examples. The respective actuator control units 126, 128 are configured to control the respective actuator 118, 120 such that the respective actuator 118, 120 moves the respective locking element 114, 116 into a predetermined position, as described above. Furthermore, the respective actuator control units 126, 128 are configured to control the respective actuator 118, 120 such that, when at least one external force acts on the respective locking element 114, 116, the respective actuator 118, 120 generates a respective actuating force opposite to the external force up to the respective maximum permissible actuating force.

[0156] According to the invention, the respective actuator control unit 126, 128 is configured to adjust or set the respective maximum permissible actuating force of the respective actuator 118, 120, in particular at least during the closed state, based on the at least one detected force parameter (preferably at least the actuator parameter and the position parameter, and in particular the force direction) and the at least one detected occupancy state (preferably the occupancy state (occupied or unoccupied) of the non-control area side 134 of the locking element 114, 116 and the occupancy state (occupied or unoccupied) of the control area side 136 of the locking element 114, 116). In particular, it can be derived from the aforementioned detected parameters whether a fraud situation or an emergency situation (or another situation) exists at the gate 102 or not.

[0157] As described, the maximum permissible actuating force of at least one actuator 118, 120 can be increased (for example, to the maximum possible actuating force value) if the actuator control unit 126, 128 (and / or an evaluation unit) deduces from the aforementioned recorded parameters that a fraud situation exists. Optionally, in this case, a brake (not shown) of the respective locking element 114, 116 can be activated to block it (e.g., mechanically).

[0158] Furthermore, the value of the maximum permissible actuating force of the at least one actuator 118, 120 can be reduced (for example to a minimum possible actuating force value) if the actuator control unit 126, 128 (and / or an evaluation unit) deduces from the aforementioned recorded parameters that an emergency situation exists.

[0159] The Fig. Figure 2 shows a concept diagram of the invention to illustrate the functionality of the gate arrangement (e.g., according to Fig. 1) to explain in more detail according to a preferred embodiment.

[0160] The actuator control unit 203, especially in combination with the evaluation unit which may be integrated into the actuator control unit 203, receives a validation date (valid or invalid) from the validation interface 201 or the validation module.

[0161] Furthermore, the aforementioned actuator control unit 203 receives the (current) occupancy states of the non-control area side and the control area side of the locking element from the occupancy detection unit 213. In particular, the respective occupancy state can be detected and provided quasi-continuously. In addition, the actuator control unit 203 is aware of the applied motor current I of the actuator 207 or drive and the actual position of the locking element provided by a position parameter sensor 209.

[0162] Based on the aforementioned input parameters, the actuator 207 (or drive) and an optional brake 205 are controlled by the actuator control unit 203, in particular depending on a predefined gate setpoint behavior. This control results in an internal force F. in and / or an internal moment M in (which is based on a force). Block 211 represents a user pushing or pulling on the locking element, i.e., an external force F. ex and / or an external moment M ex (which is based on a force) exerted on at least one locking element, which can result in a movement of the locking element (and a change in the motor current). The movement of the locking element can be detected by the position parameter sensor 209 or can form the input of the position parameter sensor 209. The change in the motor current can be detected (quasi-continuously) by a force detection device.

[0163] The Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a passenger transport system 350 with an embodiment of a gate arrangement 300 according to the present invention. To avoid repetition, only the differences from the previous embodiments are essentially described below. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 described and otherwise reference is made in particular to the explanations relating to these figures. In particular, the illustration or description of details of the Gate Arrangement 300 (e.g. the gate body, read modules, etc.) has been omitted solely for the sake of clarity.

[0164] The passenger transport system 350 comprises at least one transport vehicle 352, in particular a plurality of transport vehicles 352. For example, one or more rail vehicles may be provided.

[0165] The gate assembly 300 of the passenger transport system 350 is designed to control access to the at least one transport vehicle 352 from the non-controlled area 312 to the controlled area 310 (and in particular, exit from the controlled area 310 into the non-controlled area 312). The gate assembly 300 can, for example, be located at or within a train station and, for example, control access to the tracks or platforms.

[0166] The gate arrangement 300 comprises, for example, two gates 302.1 and 302.2 arranged adjacent to each other, which may be essentially identical in construction. Each gate 302.1 or 302.2 comprises at least one locking element 314 and at least one actuator 318, configured to move the locking element 314 between an open position and a closed position.

[0167] Furthermore, the gate arrangement 300 includes a force detection device 370 (which, for example, as in Fig. 1), configured to detect at least one external force parameter acting on the locking element 314 while the gate 302.1, 302.2 or locking element 314 is closed. The gate arrangement 300 also includes at least one occupancy detection device 368, such as a camera system. Alternatively or additionally, light points, light grids, radar devices, weight sensors and / or other sensors for presence detection may also be provided. The occupancy detection device 368 is configured to detect an occupancy status of the gate 302.1, 302.2 on a respective controlled area side 336.1, 336.2 of the respective locking element 314 and / or on a respective non-controlled area side 334.1, 334.2 of the respective locking element 314.

[0168] In the present case, the gate arrangement 300 comprises a computing device 354 (for example, a computer) with at least one processor 356 and a storage medium 358. The computing device 354 can be integrated into a gate body or be a separate device. The computing device 354 can include at least one actuator control unit 326 (executable by the processor 356 and the storage medium 358), an optional evaluation unit 360 (executable by the processor 356 and the storage medium 358), an optional data storage device 362, an optional analysis unit 364 (executable by the processor 356 and the storage medium 358), and an optional gate controller 366 (executable by the processor 356 and the storage medium 358). In particular, the evaluation unit and / or the analysis unit can be integrated into the actuator control unit.

[0169] Data memory 362 can store two or more predefined gate setpoint behaviors. In particular, predefined behavior patterns can be provided, which are stored in data memory 352 and assigned to different predefined parameter set ranges. A gate setpoint behavior can, in particular, include at least the value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force of an actuator when a situation or parameter pattern corresponding to the assigned predefined parameter set range is detected.

[0170] A gate target behavior represents, in particular, the desired behavior of the gate upon detection of a defined situation or scenario at gate 302.1, 302.2, which is predefined by a parameter set or parameter set range. Specifically, it can be (quasi-continuously) checked whether a (quasi-continuously) detected parameter pattern corresponds to a predefined parameter set or lies within a predefined parameter set range.

[0171] The captured parameter pattern contains at least one captured force parameter (preferably at least one actuator parameter and one position parameter and in particular a force direction) and at least one captured occupancy state (preferably the occupancy state of the non-control area side 334.1, 334.2 of the locking element 314 and the occupancy state of the control area side 336.1, 336.2 of the locking element 314).

[0172] Each predefined gate setpoint behavior can be assigned to or comprise at least one predefined parameter pattern, as described in particular. For example, one or more predefined parameter set ranges can be stored in an assignment table for each respective gate setpoint behavior. Each predefined parameter pattern range can be assigned at least one settable value for the maximum permissible actuating force of an actuator. Preferably, at least one gate blocking behavior (with one or more predefined first parameter set range(s)) and one gate enabling behavior (with one or more predefined second parameter set range(s), which differs from the at least one first parameter pattern) can be stored in data memory 362.

[0173] The evaluation unit 360 is specifically designed to determine whether a detected parameter pattern corresponds to a stored (e.g., first or second) parameter set range, i.e., whether the detected parameters (values) are identical to the predefined parameter values ​​or lie within the parameter value ranges of the stored (e.g., first or second) parameter set ranges. If the evaluation unit 360 determines that a detected parameter pattern corresponds to a stored or predefined parameter set range, i.e., identifies a predefined parameter set range, the evaluation unit 360 determines the target gate behavior or at least the value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force of an actuator that is assigned to the identified parameter set range.Then, the actuator control unit can at least adjust the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator according to the identified value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force.

[0174] For example, if a first predefined parameter set range is identified through the aforementioned comparison, the evaluation unit 360 can provide the gate blocking behavior, or at least the value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force of an actuator, to the actuator control unit 326. The actuator control unit 326 can then control the corresponding actuator 318 accordingly and adjust at least the maximum permissible actuating force accordingly, as described above. If, for example, a second predefined parameter set range is identified in the aforementioned comparison, the evaluation unit 360 can provide the gate release behavior, or the value to be set for the maximum permissible actuating force, to the actuator control unit 326.The actuator control unit 326 can then control the corresponding actuator 318 accordingly and adjust at least the maximum permissible actuating force as described above. If the evaluation unit 360 cannot identify a predefined parameter set range through the aforementioned comparison, the currently set maximum permissible actuating force, in particular a predefined maximum permissible standard actuating force, can remain unchanged.

[0175] The analysis device 364 (which may be integrated into the evaluation device 360) can be configured to detect a locking element 314 that is at least partially moved into the open position (by an externally applied force) while in the closed state, i.e., when no positive validation check is present, for example, based on the at least one detected position parameter. The occupancy state detection device 368 can be configured for quasi-continuous detection of the occupancy state of the gate arrangement 300 on the controlled area side 336.1, 336.2 of the locking element 314 and, in particular, on the non-controlled area side 334.1, 334.2 of the locking element 314.

[0176] The actuator control unit 326 can be configured to control the actuator 318 such that the locking element 314 is moved into the closed position by the actuator 318, based on at least one detected occupancy state, and in particular with an adapted maximum permissible actuation speed. Alternatively or additionally, the actuator control unit 326 can be configured to control an alarm device 372 (e.g., acoustic and / or optical) of the gate arrangement 300, such that an alarm is issued by the alarm device 372. The activation of the alarm device 372 is based in particular on at least one detected occupancy state during the closed state or the non-validated state with the locking element at least partially open (due to an applied external force), as already described in detail.

[0177] As in the Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the gate arrangement 300 can comprise a plurality of gates 302.1, 302.1 and at least one gate controller 366. The gate controller 366 can be configured to jointly control the respective actuator control units 326 (in this example, only one joint controller is shown, whereby each gate 302.1, 302.1 or even each actuator 318 can have a separate actuator control unit in further variants of the invention) of the respective gates 302.1, 302.1, when the gate controller 366 detects that a gate enable behavior is determined at least nearly simultaneously for at least two gates 302.1, 302.1. In particular, the control can at least cause a reduced maximum permissible actuating force of the actuators 318 to be set. For example, the gate controller 366 can even cause all gates 302.1, 302.1 to open in this case, as has already been explained in particular.

[0178] The Fig. Figure 4 shows a diagram of an embodiment of a (computer-implemented) method according to the present invention for operating a gate arrangement, in particular a gate arrangement according to Fig. 1 and / or 3. The gate arrangement comprises at least one gate with a first gate body and a second gate body arranged adjacent to the first gate body, wherein the first gate body and the second gate body define a passage between a controlled area and a non-controlled area, and at least one locking element movable between an open position and a closed position by at least one actuator of the gate, and at least one actuator control device configured to control the actuator such that the actuator moves the locking element to a predetermined position, wherein the actuator control device is configured to control the actuator such that, when at least one external force acts on the locking element, the actuator generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force.

[0179] In step 401, the occupancy state of the gate is detected by at least one occupancy state detection device on a controlled area side of the locking element and / or on a non-controlled area side of the locking element, as described in particular above. This step can be performed at least almost continuously during the closed state.

[0180] In step 403, at least one force parameter of the acting external force, which causes the actuating force, is detected by at least one force detection device, as described in particular above. This step can be performed at least almost continuously, at least during the closed state, and in particular in parallel with step 401.

[0181] In step 405, an adjustment is made by means of at least one actuator control device, the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator, based on the at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state, as described in particular above.

[0182] In particular, (re)setting can always occur when the detected parameter pattern has changed. For example, if, based on the exemplary implementation of the Fig. 3. If a parameter pattern corresponding to a second predefined parameter set range is detected, the maximum permissible actuating force can be set according to the value of a gate enable behavior. If, during continuous monitoring, a parameter pattern corresponding to a first predefined parameter set range is detected, the maximum permissible actuating force can be adjusted according to the value of a gate block behavior. Reference symbol list: 100 Gate Arrangement 102 Gate 104 Gate bodies 106 Gate bodies 108 rounds 110 Control area 112 Non-controlled area 114 Locking element 116 Locking element 118 Actuator 120 actuator 122 Actuator sensor 124 actuator sensor 126 Actuator control unit 128 Actuator control unit 130 Sensor 132 Locking element position sensor 134 Non-control area page 136 Control area page 138 Reading module 140 Locking element position sensor 201 Validation interface 203 Actuator control unit 205 brake 207 Actuator 209 Position parameter sensor Block 211 213 Occupancy recording device 300 gate arrangement 302.1 Gate 302.2 Gate 310 Control area 312 Non-controlled area 314 Locking element 318 Actuator 326 Actuator control unit 334 Non-control area page 336 Control area page 350 passenger transport system 352 Transport vehicle 354 Calculating device 356 processor 358 storage devices 360 evaluation unit 362 data storage devices 364 Analysis Unit 366 Gate control 368 Occupancy status monitoring device 370 Force detection device 372 Alarm system Step 401 Step 403 Step 405

Claims

Gate arrangement (100, 300), in particular for a passenger transport system (350), comprising: - at least one gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) with a first gate body (104) and a second gate body (106) arranged adjacent to the first gate body (104), wherein the first gate body (104) and the second gate body (106) define a passage (108) between a controlled area (110, 310) and a non-controlled area (112, 312), and with at least one actuator (118, 120, 318) of the gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) a locking element (114, 116, 314) movable between an open position and a closed position, - an actuator control device (126, 128, 326) configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318) such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) moves the locking element (114, 116, 314) into a predetermined position, - wherein the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318) such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force when at least one external force acts on the locking element (114, 116, 314), characterized in that - the gate arrangement (100, 300) includes at least one occupancy status detection device (368) configured to detect an occupancy status of the gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) on a controlled area side (136) of the locking element (114, 116, 314) and / or on a non-controlled area side (134) of the locking element (114, 116, 314),- the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises at least one force detection device (370) configured to detect at least one force parameter causing the actuating force, wherein the actuating force opposes the acting external force, and- the at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to adjust the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator (118, 120, 318) based on the at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to claim 1, characterized in that: - the occupancy state detection device (368) is configured for quasi-continuous detection of an occupancy state of the gate; - the force detection device (370) is configured for quasi-continuous detection of at least the force parameter causing the actuating force; and - the at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured for quasi-continuous adjustment of the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator (118, 120, 318). Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (118, 120, 318) is configured to generate the actuating force such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) holds the locking element in the current position, and / or the actuator (118, 120, 318) is configured to generate the actuating force such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) moves the locking element from an unclosed position to the closed position. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the actuator (118, 120, 318) is configured to generate the actuating force such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) moves the locking element from an open position to the closed position with an actuating speed that does not exceed a maximum permissible actuating speed, - wherein the at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to adjust the maximum permissible actuating speed based on the at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force detection device (370) is configured to detect a force direction of an external force exerted on the locking element (114, 116, 314). Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises a locking element position sensor (132) configured to detect the current position of the movable locking element (114, 116, 314), and - the at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to adjust the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator (118, 120, 318), further based on the detected current position of the locking element (114, 116, 314) and / or the detected force direction. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force detection device (370) comprises at least one actuator sensor (120, 122) configured to detect at least one actuator parameter. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to claim 7, characterized in that the actuator sensor (120, 122) is configured to detect a motor current applied to the actuator (118, 120, 318). Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking element position sensor (130) is configured to detect a locking element angle with respect to a defined rest position of the locking element (114, 116, 314). Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises at least one brake, configured to block movement of the locking element (114, 116, 314), and - the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to control the brake based on the at least one detected force parameter and the at least one detected occupancy state. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - the gate comprises a further locking element movable by a further actuator; - the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to control the further actuator such that, when at least one further external force acts on the further locking element (114, 116, 314), the further actuator generates a further actuating force opposite the further external force up to a further maximum permissible actuating force; - the at least one force detection device (370) is configured to detect at least one further force parameter of the acting further external force that causes the further actuating force; - the at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to independently adjust the further maximum permissible actuating force of the further actuator.based on at least one additional recorded force parameter and the recorded occupancy status. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises at least one evaluation unit (360) configured to determine a gate setpoint behavior based on a detected parameter pattern which includes at least one detected force parameter and at least one detected occupancy state, - wherein the gate setpoint behavior is determined from a plurality of predefined behavior patterns which are stored in a data memory (162) and are assigned to different predefined parameter set ranges, - wherein the actuator control unit (126, 128, 326) is configured to determine the maximum permissible actuating force based on the determined gate setpoint behavior. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to claim 12, characterized in that the detected parameter pattern contains a validation date regarding a valid or faulty validation of an access authorization at the gate. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that the plurality of predefined behavior patterns comprises at least a gate blocking behavior and a gate enabling behavior. Gate arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that: - a predefined parameter set range is assigned to the predefined gate blocking behavior, containing: - no validation date or an invalid validation date, - an occupied state on the non-control area side (134) of the blocking element (114, 116, 314), and - an unoccupied state on the control area side (136) of the blocking element (114, 116, 314), and - at least one detected force parameter from which it can at least be deduced that an external force greater than zero is applied to the blocking element, and / or - a predefined parameter set range is assigned to the predefined gate enabling behavior, containing: - no validation date or an invalid validation date, - an unoccupied state on the non-control area side (134) of the blocking element (114, 116, 314), and - a Occupied status on the control area side (136) of the locking element (114, 116,314) and at least one recorded force parameter from which it can at least be deduced that an external force greater than zero is acting on the locking element. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to adjust the actuating force by controlling a motor current of the actuator (118, 120, 318) with a target motor current value, in particular based on the determined gate target behavior. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises at least one analysis device (364) configured to detect a locking element (114, 116, 314) of a gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) of the gate arrangement that is at least partially moved into the open position during the closed state, wherein the occupancy state detection device (368) is configured to detect the occupancy state of the gate (102, 302.1, 302.2).2) on the controlled area side (136) of the locking element (114, 116, 314) and / or on the non-controlled area side (134) of the locking element (114, 116, 314) during the closed state and the at least partially open position, and- the actuator control unit (126, 128, 326) is configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318) such that the locking element (114, 116, 314) is moved by the actuator into the closed position based on the at least one detected occupancy state, and / or- the actuator control unit (126, 128, 326) is configured to control an alarm device (372) of the gate arrangement (100, 300) such that an alarm is issued by the alarm device (372) based on the at least one recorded occupancy status. Gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises a plurality of gates (102, 302.1, 302.2) and at least one gate controller (366), wherein the gate controller (366) is configured to jointly control the respective actuator control devices (126, 128, 326) of the respective gates (102, 302.1, 302.2) when the gate controller (366) determines that at least two gates (102, 302.1, 302.2) exhibit a gate release behavior at least nearly simultaneously, such that a reduced maximum actuating force of the actuators (118, 120, 318) is determined. Method for operating a gate arrangement (100, 300), in particular a gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gate arrangement (100, 300) comprises at least one gate (102, 302.1, 302.2) with a first gate body (104) and a second gate body (106) arranged adjacent to the first gate body (104), wherein the first gate body (104) and the second gate body (106) define a passage (108) between a control area (110, 310) and a non-control area (112, 312), and with at least one actuator (118, 120, 318) of the gate (102, 302.1, 302.2).2) a locking element (114, 116, 314) movable between an open position and a closed position, and at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326) configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318) such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) moves the locking element (114, 116, 314) into a predetermined position, wherein the actuator control device (126, 128, 326) is configured to control the actuator (118, 120, 318) such that the actuator (118, 120, 318) generates an actuating force opposite to the external force up to a maximum permissible actuating force when at least one external force acts on the locking element (114, 116, 314), characterized in that the method comprises:- Detect, by at least one occupancy status detection device (368), a gate occupancy status (102, 302.1, 302.2) on a controlled area side (136) of the locking element (114, 116, 314) and / or on a non-controlled area side (134) of the locking element (114, 116, 314), - detecting, by at least one force detection device (370), at least one force parameter causing the actuating force, wherein the actuating force opposes the acting external force, and - adjusting, by at least one actuator control device (126, 128, 326), the maximum permissible actuating force of the actuator (118, 120, 318), based on the at least one detected force parameter and the detected occupancy state. Computer program comprising instructions that cause a processor of a gate arrangement (100, 300), in particular a gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims, to execute and / or control the method according to claim 19. Passenger transport system (350), comprising- at least one transport vehicle (352), and- at least one gate arrangement (100, 300) according to one of the preceding claims,- wherein the gate arrangement (100, 300) is configured to control access to the transport vehicle (352).

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