Heat pump system for a vehicle

Abstract

Heat pump system for a vehicle, comprising a compressor (10), a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) module (12) comprising a heating core (300), an evaporator (17) connected to the compressor (10) via a refrigerant line (11), and a flap (12a), a condenser (13), a secondary condenser (15), a first expansion valve (16), a refrigerant connection line (21), a chiller (20), a first cooling device (100) comprising a first radiator (102), an electrical component (103) and a first water pump (105), and a second cooling device (200) comprising a second radiator (202) and a second water pump (205).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and in particular a heat pump system for a vehicle that is suitable for improving cooling performance and efficiency.

[0002] A vehicle climate control system has an air conditioning unit that circulates a refrigerant to heat or cool the interior of a vehicle.

[0003] The air conditioning system, which is designed to keep the interior of the vehicle at a suitable temperature regardless of changes in the outside temperature in order to maintain a comfortable interior environment, is configured to heat or cool the interior of a vehicle by means of heat exchange via a condenser and an evaporator in a process in which a refrigerant, driven by a compressor, is circulated through the condenser, a receiver-drier, an expansion valve and the evaporator back to the compressor.

[0004] In other words, the air conditioner reduces the temperature and humidity of the interior by condensing a high-temperature, high-pressure gas phase refrigerant, which is compressed by the compressor, through the condenser, passing the refrigerant through the receiver-drier and the expansion valve, and subsequently evaporating the refrigerant in the evaporator in a cooling mode in summer.

[0005] In line with a constant increase in interest in energy efficiency and the problem of environmental pollution, the development of an environmentally friendly vehicle is required that is suitable to essentially replace an internal combustion engine vehicle, and the environmentally friendly vehicle is divided into an electric vehicle powered by a fuel cell or electric current as a power source and a hybrid vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine and a battery.

[0006] In contrast to the air conditioning system of a general vehicle, the electric or hybrid vehicle among these environmentally friendly vehicles does not use a separate heating system, and an air conditioning system used in the environmentally friendly vehicle is generally referred to as a heat pump system.

[0007] The electric vehicle, powered by a fuel cell, generates driving force by converting the energy from a chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen into electrical energy. This process also produces heat energy through a chemical reaction within the fuel cell. Therefore, to ensure the fuel cell's performance, it is necessary to effectively dissipate the generated heat.

[0008] Furthermore, a hybrid vehicle generates propulsion by driving an electric motor using electricity supplied by the fuel cell or electric battery described above, together with an internal combustion engine powered by conventional fuel. Therefore, the heat generated by the fuel cell or battery and the electric motor must be effectively dissipated to ensure the electric motor's performance.

[0009] Therefore, in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, according to the state of the art, a cooling device, a heat pump system and a battery cooling device should each be configured as separate closed circuits to prevent heat generation by the electric motor, an electrical component and the battery with a fuel cell.

[0010] Therefore, there is a disadvantage in that the arrangement of the connecting pipes leading the refrigerant or coolant to the heat pump system, the cooling device and the battery cooling device in the engine compartment is complicated.

[0011] Furthermore, since a battery cooling device is provided separately to heat or cool the battery according to the vehicle's condition in order to achieve optimal battery performance, a plurality of valves are used to selectively connect the connecting pipes together, and therefore noise and vibrations resulting from frequent opening and closing of the valves can be introduced into the vehicle interior, thus impairing driving comfort.

[0012] Conventional heat pump systems use a separate air-cooled condenser to increase the condensation rate of the refrigerant, but this also has the disadvantage of excessively increasing the size and weight of the cooling module located at the front of the vehicle and increasing the overall manufacturing costs.

[0013] Furthermore, since a separate heat exchanger should be used to recover waste heat from various heat sources in the vehicle's heating mode, there is also the disadvantage of increased manufacturing costs.

[0014] The invention provides a heat pump system for a vehicle that is suitable for improving the overall cooling performance and efficiency by heating the vehicle interior using a high-temperature refrigerant and additionally using a separate condenser to subcool the refrigerant using the coolant supplied by an associated radiator.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the invention, a heat pump system for a vehicle comprises: a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant; a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module comprising a heating core (e.g., a radiator, e.g., a heater core); an evaporator connected to the compressor via a refrigerant line; and a flap (e.g., a door) configured to open and close to selectively direct air passing through the evaporator into the heating core when cooling or heating a vehicle interior. The heat pump system further comprises a condenser connected to the compressor via the refrigerant line and configured to condense the refrigerant.The heat pump system further comprises a secondary condenser, which is connected to the condenser via the refrigerant line and is configured to selectively condense the refrigerant discharged from the condenser. The heat pump system also comprises a first expansion valve, which is located and connected to the evaporator via the refrigerant line. The heat pump system further comprises a refrigerant connection line, which has a first end connected to the refrigerant line between the secondary condenser and the first expansion valve, and a second end connected to the refrigerant line between the evaporator and the compressor. The heat pump system further comprises a chiller (e.g., a heat exchanger, e.g., a cooler) provided in the refrigerant connection line.The heat pump system further comprises a first cooling device connected to the condenser via a first coolant line and including a first radiator, an electrical component, and a first water pump located in the first coolant line to allow a first coolant to flow along the first coolant line. The heat pump system further comprises a second cooling device connected to the secondary condenser via a second coolant line and including a second radiator and a second water pump located in the second coolant line to allow a second coolant to flow along the second coolant line.

[0016] The first cooling device can be connected to the chiller via a coolant connection line connected to the first coolant line, so that the first coolant is selectively supplied to the chiller.

[0017] The heat pump system may further include a second expansion valve provided in the refrigerant connection line at an upstream end of the chiller, and a battery module connected to the chiller via a third refrigerant line, and the heating core may be connected to the condenser via a fourth refrigerant line.

[0018] In a vehicle interior cooling mode, the refrigerant line connecting the compressor, condenser, auxiliary condenser, first expansion valve, and evaporator can be open. The first refrigerant line can be open, allowing the first refrigerant from the first cooling device to reach the condenser. The second refrigerant line can be open, allowing the second refrigerant from the second cooling device to reach the auxiliary condenser. The refrigerant connecting line can be closed. The fourth refrigerant line can be closed. The first expansion valve can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant line and supply the expanded refrigerant to the evaporator.

[0019] The auxiliary condenser can additionally condense the refrigerant condensed in the condenser during heat exchange between the second refrigerant supplied by the second cooling device via the second refrigerant line and the refrigerant supplied by the condenser.

[0020] If cooling of the battery module is required in the vehicle interior cooling mode, the refrigerant connection line can be opened through the second expansion valve, the third coolant line can be opened, and the second expansion valve can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line and supply the expanded refrigerant to the chiller.

[0021] In a vehicle interior heating mode, a section of the refrigerant line connecting the compressor, condenser, and auxiliary condenser may be open. A section of the refrigerant line connecting the auxiliary condenser and the first end of the refrigerant connection line may be open. A section of the refrigerant line connecting the first end of the refrigerant connection line, via the first expansion valve and the evaporator, to the second end of the refrigerant connection line may be closed by the first expansion valve. The refrigerant connection line may be open by the second expansion valve. A section of the first refrigerant line and the refrigerant connection line may be open, allowing the first refrigerant from the first cooling device to be supplied to the chiller. Any remaining first refrigerant line connected to the condenser may be closed.The second refrigerant line can be closed, preventing the second refrigerant from being supplied to the auxiliary condenser by the second cooling unit. The fourth refrigerant line can be open. The first expansion valve can stop operation. The second expansion valve can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line and supply the expanded refrigerant to the chiller.

[0022] The chiller can evaporate the refrigerant during heat exchange between the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device via the first coolant line and the refrigerant, and can supply the evaporated refrigerant to the compressor.

[0023] In a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, the refrigerant line connecting the compressor, condenser, auxiliary condenser, first expansion valve, and evaporator may be open. The refrigerant connecting line may be open via the second expansion valve. A section of the first refrigerant line and the refrigerant connecting line may be open, allowing the first refrigerant from the first cooling unit to reach the chiller. A remaining section of the first refrigerant line, connected to the condenser, may be closed. The second refrigerant line may be closed, preventing the second refrigerant from reaching the auxiliary condenser via the second cooling unit. The fourth refrigerant line may be open.The first expansion valve can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant line and can supply the expanded refrigerant to the evaporator. The second expansion valve can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line and can supply the expanded refrigerant to the chiller.

[0024] If waste heat from the battery module is to be recovered in a heating mode of the vehicle interior or a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, the third coolant line may be open.

[0025] In a heating mode of the vehicle interior or a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, the chiller can recover at least some of the heat from the ambient air or waste heat from the electrical component during the heat exchange between the first coolant supplied via the coolant connection line and the refrigerant.

[0026] The first expansion valve and the second expansion valve can be electronic expansion valves configured to selectively expand the refrigerant while controlling the flow of the supplied refrigerant.

[0027] The coolant connection line can be connected to the first coolant line via a control valve that is provided in the first coolant line between the electrical component and the capacitor.

[0028] The heat pump system may also include a collector dryer, which is provided in the refrigerant line between the condenser and the auxiliary condenser.

[0029] The condenser, the auxiliary condenser, and the chiller can be water-cooled heat exchangers.

[0030] As described above, in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, the overall cooling performance and efficiency can be improved by heating the vehicle interior using a high-temperature refrigerant and additionally using a separate condenser to subcool the refrigerant using the coolant supplied by the associated radiator.

[0031] Furthermore, according to the invention, the heat energy generated by the refrigerant during condensation can be selectively exchanged with the coolant, and the vehicle interior can be heated more efficiently using the heat-exchanged high-temperature coolant.

[0032] Furthermore, according to the invention, the heating efficiency of the vehicle can be improved by selectively using the ambient air heat, the waste heat of the electrical component and the waste heat of the battery module when heating the vehicle interior, and the total driving range of the vehicle can be increased by efficiently adjusting the temperature of the battery module in such a way that the optimal performance of the battery module can be achieved.

[0033] Furthermore, according to the invention, as a result of the rationalization of the entire system, it is possible to reduce the overall manufacturing costs and weight and to improve space utilization by minimizing the number of components.

[0034] The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a block diagram of a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 an operating diagram corresponding to a cooling mode of a vehicle interior in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 an operating diagram corresponding to a heating mode of a vehicle interior in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 4 an operating diagram corresponding to a heating and dehumidification mode of the vehicle interior in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0035] Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The embodiments disclosed in the present application and the constructions shown in the drawings are merely exemplary embodiments of the invention and do not cover the entire scope of the invention. It is therefore understood that various modifications and variations may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0037] To clarify the present disclosure, parts not related to the description may have been omitted. Furthermore, the same elements or variations are designated by the same reference marks throughout the application.

[0038] Furthermore, the size and thickness of each element in the drawings may be arbitrarily represented, but the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to this. In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers, films, panels, areas, and the like are exaggerated for clarity.

[0039] Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the terms “include”, “have”, “include” and variations thereof, such as “includes” or “including”, should be understood to imply the inclusion of the elements mentioned, but not the exclusion of any other elements.

[0040] Furthermore, each of the terms described in the application, such as "...unit", "...means", "...sections", "...part", and "...element", signifies a unit of a comprehensive element that performs at least one function or operation. When a component, device, unit, module, control device, detector, element, or the like in the present disclosure is described as having a purpose or performing an operation, function, or the like, the component, device, unit, module, control device, detector, or element herein should be considered as being "configured to" fulfill that purpose or perform that operation or function. The present disclosure describes a control device and a data detector for a cooling system.The control device, detector, or other such components may separately embody a processor and memory, such as non-volatile computer-readable media, or be included as part of the control device or component therein.

[0041] Fig. Figure 1 is a block diagram of a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0042] A vehicle heat pump system according to an embodiment of the invention can improve the overall cooling capacity and efficiency by heating a vehicle interior using a high-temperature refrigerant and by additionally using a separate auxiliary condenser 15 configured to subcool a refrigerant by using the coolant supplied by an associated radiator.

[0043] With reference to Fig. 1 The heat pump system can include a compressor 10, a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) module 12, a condenser 13, a secondary condenser 15, a first expansion valve 16, an evaporator 17, a chiller (e.g. a heat exchanger) 20, a refrigerant connection line 21 and a second expansion valve 23 through which the refrigerant circulates.

[0044] Furthermore, the heat pump system can also have a first cooling device 100 in which a first coolant circulates, and a second cooling device 200 in which a second coolant circulates.

[0045] The compressor 10 can compress the introduced refrigerant and allow the compressed refrigerant to flow along a refrigerant line 11, so that the refrigerant circulates along the refrigerant line 11.

[0046] In one embodiment of the invention, the HVAC module 12 can be provided internally with the evaporator 17, which is connected to the refrigerant line 11, and a heating core (e.g. a radiator) 300, to which the high-temperature refrigerant is selectively supplied.

[0047] A flap 12a can be provided in an interior space of the HVAC module 12 between the evaporator 17 and the heating core 300. The flap 12a is configured to open and close in order to adjust or regulate (e.g., control) the ambient air that has passed through the evaporator 17 so that it is selectively introduced into the heating core 300.

[0048] When heating the vehicle interior, the flap 12a can be open, so that the ambient air that has passed through the evaporator 17 is introduced into the heating core 300.

[0049] In other words, the high-temperature coolant supplied to the heating core 300 can increase the temperature of the ambient air passing through the heating core 300. In other words, the introduced ambient air can be heated to a high-temperature state as it passes through the heating core 300 and then introduced into the vehicle interior to heat the vehicle interior.

[0050] When the vehicle interior is being cooled, the flap 12a can close one side towards the heating core 300, so that the ambient air cooled during its passage through the evaporator 17 is introduced directly into the vehicle interior.

[0051] Accordingly, the ambient air passing through the evaporator 17 can be cooled during its passage by means of a low-temperature refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 17. The cooled ambient air can then be introduced into the vehicle interior to cool the vehicle interior.

[0052] The HVAC module 12 can further include an air heater 12b. The air heater 12b can be arranged in the HVAC module 12 and on a downstream side of the heating core 300 towards the vehicle interior in order to selectively heat the ambient air passing through the heating core 300.

[0053] The downstream side of the heating core 300 can be set based on the direction of flow of the ambient air.

[0054] In other words, based on the direction in which the ambient air flows in the HVAC module 12, the point where the ambient air is introduced into the heating core 300 can be defined as an upstream side of the heating core 300, and the point where the ambient air is discharged from the heating core 300 can be defined as a downstream side of the heating core 300.

[0055] In one embodiment of the invention, the condenser 13 can be connected to the compressor 10 via the refrigerant line 11.

[0056] The first cooling device 100 can be connected to the condenser 13 via a first coolant line 101. The first cooling device 100 can allow the first coolant to flow along the first coolant line 101.

[0057] The first cooling device 100 can include a first radiator 102, an electrical component 103 and a first water pump 105, which are provided in the first coolant line 101.

[0058] The first radiator 102 can be located at the front of the vehicle. A cooling fan (not shown) can be provided on a downstream side of the first radiator 102. Accordingly, the first radiator 102 can cool the first coolant by operating the cooling fan and exchanging heat with the ambient air.

[0059] The electrical component may include an electrical power control device, an inverter (e.g., a power inverter), an on-board charger (OBC), an autonomous driving control device, or the like.

[0060] The first cooling device 100, configured as such, can supply the first coolant, cooled in the first radiator 102, to the electrical component 103. Furthermore, the first cooling device 100 can supply the first coolant to the condenser 13 via the first coolant line 101.

[0061] In other words, the first coolant can circulate along the first coolant line 101 according to the operation of the first water pump 105.

[0062] Accordingly, the condenser 13 can condense the refrigerant by means of the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device 100 via the first coolant line 101.

[0063] The capacitor 13 can recover waste heat from the electrical component 103 during heat exchange between the first coolant introduced by the first cooling device 100 and the refrigerant, or it can cool the electrical component 103 by means of the first coolant which has been heat exchanged with the refrigerant.

[0064] The condenser 13, configured as such, can be a water-cooled heat exchanger into which the first coolant is introduced.

[0065] In one embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary condenser 15 can be connected to the condenser 13 via the refrigerant line 11. The auxiliary condenser 15 can selectively condense the refrigerant discharged from the condenser 13.

[0066] The second cooling device 200 can be connected to the auxiliary condenser 15 via a second coolant line 201. The second cooling device 200 can allow the second coolant to flow along the second coolant line 201.

[0067] The second cooling device 200 can include a second radiator 202 and a second water pump 205, which are provided in the second coolant line 201.

[0068] The second radiator 202 can be positioned in front of the first radiator 102, depending on the vehicle's forward and reverse direction. Accordingly, the second radiator 202 can cool the second coolant through the operation of the cooling fan and heat exchange with the ambient air.

[0069] The second cooling device 200, which is configured as such, can supply the second coolant cooled in the second radiator 202 to the secondary condenser 15 via the second coolant line 201.

[0070] The second coolant can circulate along the second coolant line 201 according to the operation of the second water pump 205.

[0071] Accordingly, the auxiliary condenser 15 can additionally condense the refrigerant by means of the second coolant optionally supplied by the second cooling device 200 via the second coolant line 201.

[0072] In other words, the auxiliary condenser 15 can exchange heat between the introduced refrigerant and the second coolant to further reduce the temperature of the refrigerant and further increase the condensation rate of the refrigerant.

[0073] Therefore, the auxiliary condenser 15 can further condense the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 13 to increase the subcooling of the refrigerant. Accordingly, the coefficient of performance (COP), which is a coefficient of cooling capacity compared to the required compressor power, can be improved.

[0074] The auxiliary capacitor 15, which is configured as such, can be a water-cooled heat exchanger into which the second coolant is introduced.

[0075] In one embodiment of the invention, a collector dryer 14 can be provided in the refrigerant line 11 between the condenser 13 and the auxiliary condenser 15.

[0076] The collector dryer 14 can separate the gaseous refrigerant that remains in the liquid refrigerant that is condensed in the condenser 13.

[0077] In other words, the collector dryer 14 can separate a gas component from the introduced refrigerant and can filter out moisture and foreign substances in order to discharge only the liquid refrigerant to the secondary condenser 15.

[0078] In one embodiment of the invention, the first expansion valve 16 can be provided in the refrigerant line 11 that connects the secondary condenser 15 and the evaporator 17. The first expansion valve 16 can selectively expand the introduced refrigerant.

[0079] The first expansion valve 16 can be an electronic expansion valve configured to selectively expand the refrigerant while controlling the flow of the refrigerant supplied via the refrigerant line 11.

[0080] The evaporator 17 can be located in the refrigerant line 11 between the expansion valve 16 and the compressor 10. As described above, the evaporator 17 can also be located in the HVAC module 12.

[0081] The evaporator 17, which is configured as such, can evaporate the refrigerant supplied by the first expansion valve 16 by exchanging heat with the ambient air.

[0082] Furthermore, the chiller 20 can be provided in the refrigerant connection line 21.

[0083] One end of the refrigerant connection line 21 can be connected to the refrigerant line 11 between the auxiliary condenser 15 and the first expansion valve 16. A second end of the refrigerant connection line 21 can be connected to the refrigerant line 11 between the evaporator 17 and the compressor 10.

[0084] Furthermore, the second expansion valve 23 can be provided in the refrigerant connection line 21 at an upstream end of the chiller 20.

[0085] The second expansion valve 23 can be an electronic expansion valve configured to selectively expand the refrigerant while controlling the flow of the supplied refrigerant.

[0086] The second expansion valve 23 can be located at the upstream end of the chiller 20, so that the chiller 20 can be used before the refrigerant is supplied to it.

[0087] In other words, the upstream end of chiller 20 can be defined based on the refrigerant flow direction. Based on the direction in which the refrigerant flows along the refrigerant connection line 21, the point where the refrigerant is introduced into chiller 20 can be defined as an upstream end of chiller 20, and the point where the refrigerant is discharged from chiller 20 can be defined as a downstream end of chiller 20.

[0088] The first cooling device 100 can be connected to the chiller 20 via a coolant connection line 106 connected to the first coolant line 101, so that the first coolant is selectively supplied to the chiller 20.

[0089] The coolant connection line 106 can be connected to the first coolant line 101 via a control valve 107, which is provided in the first coolant line 101 between the electrical component 103 and the capacitor 13. Accordingly, the coolant connection line 106 can be selectively opened and closed by means of the control valve 107.

[0090] Furthermore, the chiller 20 can be connected to a battery module 109 via a third coolant line 108. A water pump (not shown) can be provided in the third coolant line 108.

[0091] In other words, the coolant flowing through the third coolant line 108 can be selectively controlled by operating the water pump.

[0092] Although not shown in the drawings, the third coolant line 108 can be connected to the first cooling device 100 via a separate line and a valve or the like, through which the first coolant flows. In other words, the first coolant can flow through the third coolant line 108.

[0093] Accordingly, the chiller 20 can exchange heat between the first coolant, optionally introduced via at least one of the coolant connection lines 106 or the third coolant line 108, and the optionally supplied refrigerant in order to adjust the temperature of the first coolant and to evaporate the refrigerant.

[0094] The Chiller 20 can be a water-cooled heat exchanger configured to exchange heat with the internally introduced refrigerant and the first coolant.

[0095] In other words, the chiller 20 can exchange heat between the second coolant introduced by the battery module 109 via the third coolant line 108 and the refrigerant in order to recover the waste heat from the battery module 109, or it can cool the battery module 109 using the second coolant that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant.

[0096] Furthermore, in a heating mode of the vehicle interior or a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, the chiller 20 can recover at least some of the heat from the ambient air or the waste heat of the electrical component 103 during the heat exchange between the first coolant supplied via the coolant connection line 106 and the refrigerant.

[0097] Furthermore, if the waste heat from the battery module 109 is to be recovered in the vehicle interior heating mode or the vehicle interior heating and dehumidification mode, the third coolant line 108 may be open.

[0098] In one embodiment of the invention, the heating core 300 can be connected to the condenser 13 via a fourth coolant line 301. The heating core 300 can allow the coolant to flow selectively along the fourth coolant line 301.

[0099] A water pump (not shown) can be provided in the fourth coolant line 301. Accordingly, the coolant flowing through the fourth coolant line 301 can be selectively controlled by the operation of the water pump.

[0100] Although not shown in the drawings, the fourth coolant line 301 can be connected to the first cooling device 100 via a separate line and a valve or the like, through which the first coolant flows. In other words, the first coolant can flow through the fourth coolant line 301.

[0101] Accordingly, in the heating mode of the vehicle interior, the condenser 13 can exchange heat between the first coolant flowing along the fourth coolant line 301 and a high-temperature refrigerant supplied by the compressor 10 in order to condense the refrigerant and increase the temperature of the first coolant.

[0102] The first coolant, whose temperature is increased as it passes through the condenser 13, can be supplied along the fourth coolant line 301 to the heater core 300 in order to heat the vehicle interior.

[0103] The following describes the operation and function of a heat pump system for the vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, configured as described above, with reference to the Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 described in detail.

[0104] First, operation in a cooling mode of the vehicle interior is performed with reference to Fig. 2 described.

[0105] Fig. Figure 2 is an operating diagram of a heat pump system for the vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention for the cooling mode of the vehicle interior.

[0106] With reference to Fig. 2 In the cooling mode of the vehicle interior, the refrigerant line 11 connecting the compressor 10, the condenser 13, the collector dryer 14, the auxiliary condenser 15, the first expansion valve 16 and the evaporator 17 can be open.

[0107] The first coolant line 101 can be open so that the first coolant is supplied from the first cooling device 100 to the condenser 13.

[0108] The coolant connection line 106 can be closed by the control valve 107.

[0109] The second coolant line 201 can be open, so that the second coolant is supplied from the second cooling device 200 to the auxiliary condenser 15.

[0110] Furthermore, the fourth coolant line 301 may be closed. Consequently, the first coolant cannot be supplied to the heating core 300.

[0111] In this state, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 can be introduced into the condenser 13 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0112] The condenser 13 can condense the refrigerant by means of the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device 100 via the first coolant line 101.

[0113] The refrigerant condensed in the condenser 13 can be introduced along the refrigerant line 11 into the receiver dryer 14.

[0114] The receiver drier 14 can separate a gaseous component from the introduced refrigerant and can filter out moisture and foreign matter to discharge only the liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant discharged by the receiver drier 14 can be fed to the auxiliary condenser 15 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0115] The auxiliary condenser 15 can additionally condense the supplied refrigerant by means of the second coolant supplied by the second cooling device 200 via the second coolant line 201.

[0116] The auxiliary condenser 15 can additionally condense the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 13 during heat exchange between the second refrigerant supplied by the second cooling device 200 via the second refrigerant line 201 and the refrigerant supplied by the condenser 13.

[0117] The refrigerant additionally condensed in the secondary condenser 15 can be introduced along the refrigerant line 11 into the first expansion valve 16.

[0118] The first expansion valve 16 can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant line 11 and supply the expanded refrigerant to the evaporator 17.

[0119] In this state, the ambient air introduced into the HVAC module 12 can be cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 17 as it passes through the evaporator 17.

[0120] The flap 12a can close a section leading to the heating core 300, preventing the cooled ambient air from passing through the heating core 300. Therefore, the cooled ambient air can cool the vehicle interior by being introduced directly into the vehicle interior.

[0121] The refrigerant, whose degree of condensation is increased during its sequential passage through the condenser 13 and the secondary condenser 15, is expanded and fed to the evaporator 17 in order to evaporate the refrigerant to a lower temperature.

[0122] In other words, in one embodiment of the invention, the condenser 13 can condense the refrigerant, and the secondary condenser 15 condenses the refrigerant, thereby providing an advantage in the formation of subcooling of the refrigerant.

[0123] Furthermore, since the subcooled refrigerant is evaporated to a further reduced temperature in the evaporator 17, the temperature of the ambient air passing through the evaporator 17 can be further reduced in order to improve cooling performance and efficiency.

[0124] The refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 17 can be introduced into the compressor 10 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0125] If cooling of the battery module 109 is required in the vehicle interior cooling mode, the refrigerant connection line 21 can be opened through the second expansion valve 23.

[0126] In addition, the third coolant line 108 may be open.

[0127] Accordingly, a portion of the refrigerant can be introduced into the first expansion valve 16 along refrigerant line 11, beneath the refrigerant additionally condensed in the auxiliary condenser 15. Simultaneously, the remaining refrigerant can be introduced into the second expansion valve 23 along refrigerant connecting line 21, beneath the refrigerant condensed in the auxiliary condenser 15.

[0128] The second expansion valve 23 can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line 21 and supply the expanded refrigerant to the chiller 20.

[0129] The refrigerant introduced into the chiller 20 can cool the first refrigerant flowing along the third refrigerant line 108 during heat exchange with the first refrigerant supplied from the battery module 109 via the third refrigerant line 108.

[0130] The first coolant, cooled in the chiller 20, can be supplied to the battery module 109 via the third coolant line 108. In other words, the chiller 20 can supply the first coolant, cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant, to the battery module 109 via the third coolant line 108.

[0131] Accordingly, the battery module 109 can be efficiently cooled by the first coolant cooled in the chiller 20.

[0132] In other words, the first coolant circulating through the third coolant line 108 can efficiently cool the battery module 109 during repeated execution of the operation described above.

[0133] The refrigerant that has passed through the chiller 20 can be introduced into the compressor 10 together with the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 17. The introduced refrigerant can then be compressed by the compressor 10.

[0134] The refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 can be fed to the condenser 13 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0135] The heat pump system can repeatedly perform the processes described above.

[0136] In other words, since the refrigerant, which is subcooled during the repeated execution of the processes described above, is evaporated to a further reduced temperature in the evaporator 17, the heat pump system can further reduce the temperature of the ambient air passing through the evaporator 17, thereby improving the overall cooling performance and efficiency and efficiently cooling the vehicle interior.

[0137] If cooling of the battery module 109 is required in cooling mode, the heat pump system can efficiently cool the battery module 109 using the first low-temperature coolant cooled in the chiller 20.

[0138] In one embodiment of the invention, operation in the heating mode of the vehicle interior is described with regard to Fig. 3 described.

[0139] Fig. Figure 3 is an operating diagram corresponding to the heating mode of a vehicle interior in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0140] With reference to Fig. 3 In the heating mode of the vehicle interior, a section of the refrigerant line 11 connecting the compressor 10, the condenser 13, the collector dryer 14 and the auxiliary condenser 15 may be open.

[0141] Furthermore, the section of the refrigerant line 11 connecting the auxiliary condenser 15 and the first end of the refrigerant connection line 21 may be open.

[0142] Furthermore, the section of the refrigerant line 11 connecting the first end of the refrigerant connection line 21 with the first expansion valve 16 and the evaporator 17 can be closed by the first expansion valve 16.

[0143] The operation of the first expansion valve 16 may be stopped. Consequently, the refrigerant cannot be supplied to the evaporator 17.

[0144] The refrigerant connection line 21 can be opened by the second expansion valve 23.

[0145] In one embodiment of the invention, a section of the first coolant line 101 and the coolant connecting line 106 can be open, so that the first coolant is supplied from the first cooling device 100 to the chiller 20.

[0146] The coolant connection line 106 can be opened by the control valve 107.

[0147] Furthermore, the remaining first coolant line 101, which is connected to the condenser 13, can be closed by the control valve 107.

[0148] Accordingly, the first coolant that has passed through the first radiator 102 and the electrical component 103 can be introduced from the first cooling device 100 via a section of the first coolant line 101 and the coolant connecting line 106 into the first radiator 102 after passing through the chiller 20.

[0149] Furthermore, the second coolant line 201 may be closed, so that the second coolant cannot be supplied to the auxiliary condenser 15 from the second cooling device 200.

[0150] Furthermore, the fourth coolant line 301 can be open, allowing the first coolant to circulate through the condenser 13 and the heating core 300. Accordingly, the first coolant, whose temperature has been increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the condenser 13, can be supplied to the heating core 300.

[0151] In this state, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 can be introduced into the condenser 13 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0152] The condenser 13 can condense the refrigerant using the first refrigerant supplied by the heating core 300 via the fourth coolant line 301.

[0153] Accordingly, the refrigerant introduced into the condenser 13 can be condensed during heat exchange with the first refrigerant supplied by the heating core 300 via the fourth refrigerant line 301.

[0154] The first coolant, whose temperature is increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the condenser 13, can be supplied to the heating core 300.

[0155] In other words, the condenser 13 can supply the first coolant, whose temperature is increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant, to the heating core 300 via the fourth coolant line 301.

[0156] Furthermore, the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 13 can be introduced into the receiver dryer 14 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0157] The receiver drier 14 can separate a gaseous component from the introduced refrigerant and can filter out moisture and foreign matter to discharge only the liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant discharged by the receiver drier 14 can pass along the refrigerant line 11 through the auxiliary condenser 15.

[0158] The refrigerant that has passed through the auxiliary condenser 15 can be introduced into the second expansion valve 23 along the refrigerant connection line 21.

[0159] The second expansion valve 23 can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line 21 and supply the expanded refrigerant to the chiller 20.

[0160] The refrigerant introduced into the chiller 20 can cool the first coolant during heat exchange with the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device 100 via the coolant connection line 106.

[0161] The first coolant may have increased its temperature by recovering heat from the ambient air and waste heat from the electrical component 103 as it passed through the first radiator 102 and the electrical component 103.

[0162] The first coolant, whose temperature is increased by such operation, can be supplied to the chiller 20 along a section of the first coolant line 101 and the coolant connecting line 106.

[0163] The chiller 20 can efficiently recover the ambient air heat and the waste heat of the electrical component 103 during the heat exchange of the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device 100 via the coolant connection line 106 with the refrigerant.

[0164] The Chiller 20 can evaporate the refrigerant during heat exchange between the supplied first coolant and the refrigerant.

[0165] The refrigerant evaporated in the chiller 20 can be introduced into the compressor 10 along the refrigerant connection line 21 and the open refrigerant line 11.

[0166] Furthermore, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 can be fed to the condenser 13.

[0167] The heat pump system can repeatedly perform the processes described above.

[0168] The flap 12a can be open so that the ambient air introduced into the HVAC module 12 and passing through the evaporator 17 can pass through the heating core 300.

[0169] Accordingly, ambient air drawn in from the outside can be introduced at room temperature without being cooled as it passes through the evaporator 17, to which no refrigerant is supplied. The introduced ambient air can be heated to a high temperature as it passes through the heating core 300 and then introduced into the vehicle interior to heat the vehicle interior.

[0170] As such, when heating the vehicle interior is required, the heat pump system can recover the ambient air heat and the waste heat from the electrical component 103 in the chiller 20 and use this to increase the temperature of the refrigerant, thereby reducing the power consumption of the compressor 10 and improving heating efficiency.

[0171] As such, since the heat pump system can sufficiently recover and use the waste heat, heating performance and efficiency can be improved, while minimizing the use of a separate electric heater.

[0172] One embodiment of the invention takes an example in which the third coolant line 108 connected to the battery module 109 is closed in the heating mode of the vehicle interior, but this is not limited to this, and if the waste heat generated in the battery module 109 is also to be recovered, the third coolant line 109 can be open.

[0173] Furthermore, operation in the heating and dehumidification mode of the vehicle interior is described with reference to Fig. 4 described.

[0174] Fig. Figure 4 is an operating diagram corresponding to the heating and dehumidification mode of the vehicle interior in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0175] With reference to Fig.4 In the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, the refrigerant line 11 connecting the compressor 10, the condenser 13, the collector dryer 14, the auxiliary condenser 15, the first expansion valve 16 and the evaporator 17 can be open.

[0176] The refrigerant connection line 21 can be opened by the second expansion valve 23.

[0177] In one embodiment of the invention, a section of the first coolant line 101 and the coolant connecting line 106 can be open, so that the first coolant is supplied from the first cooling device 100 to the chiller 20.

[0178] The coolant connection line 106 can be opened by the control valve 107.

[0179] Furthermore, the remaining first coolant line 101, which is connected to the condenser 13, can be closed by the control valve 107.

[0180] Accordingly, the first coolant that has passed through the first radiator 102 and the electrical component 103 can be introduced from the first cooling device 100 via a section of the first coolant line 101 and the coolant connecting line 106 into the first radiator 102 after passing through the chiller 20.

[0181] Furthermore, the second coolant line 201 may be closed, so that the second coolant cannot be supplied to the auxiliary condenser 15 from the second cooling device 200.

[0182] Furthermore, the fourth coolant line 301 can be open, allowing the first coolant to circulate through the condenser 13 and the heating core 300. Accordingly, the first coolant, whose temperature is increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the condenser 13, can be supplied to the heating core 300.

[0183] In this state, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 can be introduced into the condenser 13 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0184] The condenser 13 can condense the refrigerant using the first refrigerant supplied by the heating core 300 via the fourth coolant line 301.

[0185] Accordingly, the refrigerant introduced into the condenser 13 can be condensed during heat exchange with the first refrigerant supplied by the heating core 300 via the fourth refrigerant line 301.

[0186] The first coolant, whose temperature is increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the condenser 13, can be supplied to the heating core 300.

[0187] In other words, the condenser 13 can supply the first coolant, whose temperature is increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant, to the heating core 300 via the fourth coolant line 301.

[0188] Furthermore, the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 13 can be introduced into the receiver dryer 14 along the refrigerant line 11.

[0189] The receiver drier 14 can separate a gaseous component from the introduced refrigerant and can filter out moisture and foreign matter to discharge only the liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant discharged by the receiver drier 14 can pass along the refrigerant line 11 through the auxiliary condenser 15.

[0190] A portion of the refrigerant below the refrigerant that has passed through the secondary condenser 15 can be introduced along the refrigerant line 11 into the first expansion valve 16.

[0191] The first expansion valve 16 can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant line 11 and supply the expanded refrigerant to the evaporator 17.

[0192] Any remaining refrigerant below that which has passed through the secondary condenser 15 can be introduced along the refrigerant connection line 21 into the second expansion valve 23.

[0193] The second expansion valve 23 can expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line 21 and supply the expanded refrigerant to the chiller 20.

[0194] The refrigerant introduced into the chiller 20 can cool the first coolant during heat exchange with the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device 100 via the coolant connection line 106.

[0195] The first coolant may have increased its temperature by recovering heat from the ambient air and waste heat from the electrical component 103 as it passed through the first radiator 102 and the electrical component 103.

[0196] The first coolant, whose temperature is increased by such operation, can be supplied to the chiller 20 along a section of the first coolant line 101 and the coolant connecting line 106.

[0197] The chiller 20 can efficiently recover the ambient air heat and the waste heat of the electrical component 103 during the heat exchange of the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device 100 via the coolant connection line 106 with the refrigerant.

[0198] The Chiller 20 can evaporate the refrigerant during heat exchange between the supplied first coolant and the refrigerant.

[0199] The refrigerant evaporated in the chiller 20, together with the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 17, can be introduced into the compressor 10. The introduced refrigerant can then be compressed by the compressor 10.

[0200] Furthermore, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 can be fed to the condenser 13.

[0201] The heat pump system can repeatedly perform the processes described above.

[0202] The flap 12a can open a section to pass through the heating core 300, so that the ambient air introduced into the HVAC module 12 and cooled while passing through the evaporator 17 can pass through the heating core 300.

[0203] Accordingly, the ambient air introduced into the vehicle interior can be dehumidified during heat exchange with the low-temperature refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 17 by operating a fan (not shown).

[0204] The dehumidified ambient air can be converted into a high-temperature state as it passes through the heating core 300 and introduced into the vehicle interior to gently heat and dehumidify the vehicle interior.

[0205] One embodiment of the invention takes an example in which the third coolant line 108 connected to the battery module 109 is closed in the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, but this is not limited to this, and if the waste heat generated in the battery module 109 is also to be recovered, the third coolant line 108 can be open.

[0206] As described above, in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, the overall cooling performance and efficiency can be improved by heating the vehicle interior using the high-temperature refrigerant and by additionally using the auxiliary condenser 15, which is configured to subcool the refrigerant using the second coolant supplied by the second radiator 202 in the second cooling device 200.

[0207] Furthermore, according to the invention, the heat energy generated by the refrigerant at the time of condensation of the refrigerant can be selectively heat-exchanged with the coolant, and the vehicle interior can be heated more efficiently by means of the heat-exchanged high-temperature coolant.

[0208] Furthermore, according to the invention, the heating efficiency of the vehicle can be improved at the time of heating the vehicle interior by selectively using the ambient air heat, the waste heat of the electrical component 103 and the waste heat of the battery module 109, and the total driving distance of the vehicle can be increased by efficiently adjusting the temperature of the battery module 109 in order to achieve the optimal performance of the battery module 109.

[0209] Furthermore, according to the invention, as a result of the rationalization of the entire system, it is possible to reduce the overall manufacturing costs and weight and to improve space utilization by minimizing the number of components. Reference symbol list 10 Compressor 11 Refrigerant line 12 HVAC modules 12a flap 12b Air heating 13 Capacitor 14 collector dryers 15 Auxiliary capacitor 16 first expansion valve 17 evaporators 20 Chiller 21 Refrigerant connection line 23 second expansion valve 100 first cooling device 101 first coolant line 102 first radiator 103 electrical component 105 first water pump 106 Coolant connection line 107 Control valve 108 third coolant line 109 Battery module 200 second cooling device 201 second coolant line 202 second radiator 205 second water pump 300 heating core 301 fourth coolant line

Claims

Heat pump system for a vehicle, the heat pump system comprising: a compressor (10) configured to compress a refrigerant; a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) module (12) comprising a heater core (300), an evaporator (17) connected to the compressor (10) via a refrigerant line (11), and a flap (12a) configured to open and close to direct air passing through the evaporator (17) to be selectively introduced into the heater core (300) when cooling or heating a vehicle interior; a condenser (13) connected to the compressor (10) via the refrigerant line (11) and configured to condense the refrigerant; and a secondary condenser (15) connected to the condenser (13) via the refrigerant line (11) and configured to transfer the heat from the condenser (13) to the compressor (10). to optionally condense the discharged refrigerants,a first expansion valve (16) arranged and connected via the refrigerant line (11) between the auxiliary condenser (15) and the evaporator (17), a refrigerant connection line (21) having a first end connected to the refrigerant line (11) between the auxiliary condenser (15) and the first expansion valve (16), and a second end connected to the refrigerant line (11) between the evaporator (17) and the compressor (10), a chiller (20) provided in the refrigerant connection line (21), a first cooling device (100) connected to the condenser (13) via a first coolant line (101) and comprising a first radiator (102), an electrical component (103), and a first water pump (105) provided in the first coolant line (101) to allow a first coolant to flow along the first coolant line (101). flows, and a second cooling device (200),which is connected to the auxiliary condenser (15) via a second coolant line (201) and has a second radiator (202) and a second water pump (205) provided in the second coolant line (201) to allow a second coolant to flow along the second coolant line (201). Heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the first cooling device (100) is connected to the chiller (20) via a coolant connection line (106) connected to the first coolant line (101), so that the first coolant is selectively supplied to the chiller (20). Heat pump system according to claim 2, further comprising: a second expansion valve (23) provided in the refrigerant connection line (21) at an upstream end of the chiller (20), and a battery module (109) connected to the chiller (20) via a third coolant line (108), wherein the heating core (300) is connected to the condenser (13) via a fourth coolant line (301). Heat pump system according to claim 3, wherein in a cooling mode of the vehicle interior: the refrigerant line (11) connecting the compressor (10), the condenser (13), the auxiliary condenser (15), the first expansion valve (16) and the evaporator (17) is configured to be open; the first coolant line (101) is configured to be open so that the first coolant is supplied from the first cooling device (100) to the condenser (13); the second coolant line (201) is configured to be open so that the second coolant is supplied from the second cooling device (200) to the auxiliary condenser (15); the coolant connection line (106) is configured to be closed; the fourth coolant line (301) is configured to be closed; and the first expansion valve (16) is configuredto expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant line (11) and to supply the refrigerant expanded by the first expansion valve (16) to the evaporator (17). Heat pump system according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary condenser (15) is configured to condense the refrigerant condensed in the condenser (13) during heat exchange between the second coolant supplied by the second cooling device (200) via the second coolant line (201) and the refrigerant supplied by the condenser (13). Heat pump system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, when cooling of the battery module (109) is required in the vehicle interior cooling mode: the refrigerant connection line (21) is configured such that it is open through the second expansion valve (23), the third coolant line (108) is configured such that it is open, and the second expansion valve (23) is configured to expand the refrigerant introduced through the refrigerant connection line (21) and to supply the refrigerant expanded through the second expansion valve (23) to the chiller (20). Heat pump system according to claim 3, wherein in a heating mode of the vehicle interior: a section of the refrigerant line (11) connecting the compressor (10), the condenser (13) and the auxiliary condenser (15) is configured to be open; a section of the refrigerant line (11) connecting the auxiliary condenser (15) and the first end of the refrigerant connection line (21) is configured to be open; a section of the refrigerant line (11) connecting the first end of the refrigerant connection line (21) via the first expansion valve (16) and the evaporator (17) to the second end of the refrigerant connection line (21) is configured to be closed by the first expansion valve (16); the refrigerant connection line (21) is configured to be open by the second expansion valve (23).a section of the first refrigerant line (101) and the refrigerant connecting line (106) are configured to be open, so that the first refrigerant from the first cooling device (100) is supplied to the chiller (20); a remaining section of the first refrigerant line (101), which is connected to the condenser (13), is configured to be closed; the second refrigerant line (201) is configured to be closed, so that the second refrigerant from the second cooling device (200) is not supplied to the secondary condenser (15); the fourth refrigerant line (301) is configured to be open; the first expansion valve (16) is configured to stop operation; and the second expansion valve (23) is configured to expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connecting line (21) and supply the refrigerant expanded by the second expansion valve (23) to the chiller (20). Heat pump system according to claim 7, wherein the chiller (20) is configured to evaporate the refrigerant during heat exchange between the first coolant supplied by the first cooling device (100) via the first coolant line (101) and the refrigerant, and to supply the refrigerant evaporated by the chiller (20) to the compressor (10). Heat pump system according to claim 3, wherein in a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior: the refrigerant line (11) connecting the compressor (10), the condenser (13), the auxiliary condenser (15), the first expansion valve (16) and the evaporator (17) is configured to be open; the refrigerant connection line (21) is configured to be open through the second expansion valve (23); a section of the first refrigerant line (101) and the refrigerant connection line (106) are configured to be open so that the first refrigerant from the first cooling device (100) is supplied to the chiller (20); a remaining first refrigerant line (101) connected to the condenser (13) is configured to be closed; the second refrigerant line (101) is configured to be closed.so that the second refrigerant from the second cooling device (200) is not supplied to the auxiliary condenser (15), the fourth refrigerant line (301) is configured to be open, the first expansion valve (16) is configured to expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant line (11) and to supply the refrigerant expanded by the first expansion valve (16) to the evaporator (17), and the second expansion valve (23) is configured to expand the refrigerant introduced via the refrigerant connection line (21) and to supply the refrigerant expanded by the second expansion valve (23) to the chiller (20). Heat pump system according to one of claims 3 to 9, wherein, if waste heat from the battery module (109) is to be recovered in a heating mode of the vehicle interior or a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior, the third coolant line (108) is configured such that it is open. Heat pump system according to one of claims 3 to 10, wherein in a heating mode of the vehicle interior or a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle interior the chiller (20) recovers at least one of the heats from the ambient air or waste heat from the electrical component (103) during the heat exchange between the first coolant supplied via the coolant connection line (106) and the refrigerant. Heat pump system according to one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the first expansion valve (16) and the second expansion valve (23) are electronic expansion valves configured to selectively expand the refrigerant during control of a refrigerant flow. Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the coolant connection line (106) is connected to the first coolant line (101) via a control valve (107) which is provided in the first coolant line (101) between the electrical component (103) and the capacitor (13). Heat pump system according to one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a collector dryer (14) which is provided in the refrigerant line (11) between the condenser (13) and the auxiliary condenser (15). Heat pump system according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the condenser (13), the auxiliary condenser (15) and the chiller (20) are water-cooled heat exchangers.

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