ENERGY OPTIMIZATION FOR PEAK LOAD REDUCTION WITH ISLAND NETWORK CONTROL SYSTEMS

Abstract

An island grid control unit (110) can store power data associated with each fuel-based energy resource system (120) provided in an island grid; calculate, based on the load information, the total load demand required by a multitude of loads (108); calculate, based on the power data, a set of optimization parameters configured to optimize the performance of the island grid; determine load setpoints for the fuel-based energy resource systems (120) and the one or more energy storage systems (122) based on the set of optimization parameters; and generate control signals to operate the fuel-based energy resource systems and the one or more energy storage systems based on the load setpoints and the total load demand.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to island networks and, for example, to an island network control unit configured to control or manage the operation of an island network. State of the art

[0002] An island grid is a self-sufficient energy system that supplies a specific geographic area, such as a college campus, hospital complex, business center, residential area, mining site, drilling site, and / or similar facilities. Within an island grid are one or more types of distributed energy resources (DERs) (e.g., solar panels, wind turbines, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, generators, energy storage devices (e.g., batteries, capacitors), and / or other energy resources) that generate electricity for the island grid. Some island grids are configured as off-grid power distribution systems (e.g., standalone island grids or islands) that are not connected to a larger power distribution system (e.g., a macro grid) operated, for example, by a utility company or power plant.Some island grids can operate in both grid-connected and stand-alone modes. In grid-connected mode, an island grid can operate in conjunction with the larger power distribution system and run synchronously with it. In stand-alone mode, the island grid can be disconnected from the larger power distribution system and operate as an independent island grid. An island grid control unit can manage whether the island grid operates in grid-connected or stand-alone mode, for example, based on a schedule or one or more conditions that must be met.

[0003] Minimizing grid power consumption and utilizing fuel-based distributed energy resources (DERs), such as generators, at optimal efficiency to meet peak demand is a key concern at drilling sites, mining sites, and in consumer power supply. Many islanded systems lack an efficient way to manage the operation of these DERs, as each DER has unique performance characteristics. This is especially true in environments where load power demands fluctuate. Consequently, islanded system efficiency can suffer if the DERs operate at suboptimal performance.

[0004] U.S. Patent Publication No. 2024 / 0127370 (“Publication '370”) discloses a system for optimizing energy distribution and a virtual power plant that can be used and controlled to support the operation of an electricity distribution system. For example, Publication '370 discloses that, after determining an electricity demand, the dispatch optimization system and / or the virtual power plant can perform an energy adjustment by distributing the energy adjustment across the distributed energy resources of a fleet of distributed energy resources to achieve the energy adjustment. The dispatch optimization system and / or the virtual power plant can determine the distribution across the distributed energy resources based on the economic costs and storage costs of using each distributed energy resource.However, publication '370 does not reveal the optimization of an island grid based on power curves of fuel-based decentralized energy resources, such as generator sets.

[0005] The island grid system of the present disclosure solves one or more of the above-mentioned problems and / or other problems in this area. Summary

[0006] An island grid control unit of an island grid may include a communication interface configured to receive load information corresponding to a plurality of loads connected to the island grid; receive energy resource information corresponding to a plurality of energy resource systems connected to the island grid; and output control signals to control the operation of each energy resource system of the plurality of energy resource systems, wherein the plurality of energy resource systems includes one or more fuel-based (FB) systems configured to generate electricity to be fed into the island grid; one or more energy storage systems (ESS) configured to charge and discharge; and one or more storage devices configured to store power data associated with each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems.and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and configured to: calculate, based on the load information, a total load requirement needed by the multitude of loads; calculate a set of optimization parameters based on the performance data, the set of optimization parameters being configured to optimize the performance of the island grid; determine load setpoints for the one or more FB energy resource systems and the one or more ESS based on the set of optimization parameters; and generate the control signals based on the load setpoints and the total load requirement.

[0007] An island grid control unit of an island grid may include a communication interface configured to receive load information corresponding to a plurality of loads connected to the island grid; receive energy resource information corresponding to a plurality of energy resource systems connected to the island grid; and output control signals to control the operation of each energy resource system of the plurality of energy resource systems, wherein the plurality of energy resource systems includes one or more FB energy resource systems configured to generate power to be fed into the island grid; one or more ESS configured to be chargeable and dischargeable; and one or more storage devices configured to store power data associated with each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems.and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and configured to calculate, based on the load information, a total load requirement needed by the multitude of loads, calculate optimization setpoints based on the performance data, the optimization setpoints being calculated to operate each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems over a range of the total load requirement with a respective peak power, and generate the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load requirement.

[0008] A method for controlling equipment in an island grid may include: receiving load information corresponding to the total load demand of a multitude of loads connected to the island grid by an island grid control unit; receiving energy resource information corresponding to a multitude of energy resource systems configured to power the island grid by the island grid control unit, wherein the multitude of energy resource systems includes one or more FB energy resource systems configured to generate power for the island grid and one or more ESS configured for charging and discharging; receiving power data associated with each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems; and monitoring the total load demand of the multiple loads in real time based on the load information.Calculating optimization setpoints based on performance data, wherein the optimization setpoints are calculated to operate each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems over a range of the total load requirement with a respective peak power; and generating the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load requirement. Brief description of the drawings Fig. Figure 1 shows a system according to one or more implementations. Fig. Figure 2 shows an island network according to one or more implementations. Fig. Figure 3 is a flowchart of an example process related to energy-optimizing peak load reduction with island grid control units. Fig. Figure 4 is a diagram showing example components of the energy-optimizing island grid control unit for peak load reduction with island grid control units. Detailed description

[0009] This disclosure concerns a power distribution system and is applicable to any system that distributes and / or receives power via a power grid. Some aspects relate to an island grid control unit configured to control one or more components and / or systems connected to the island grid, including power resource systems and / or loads. The island grid control unit can control a state of the island grid based on one or more fulfilled conditions.

[0010] Many island grids lack an efficient way to operate fuel-based distributed energy resources (DERs), such as generators, at optimal efficiency to meet peak load demands and minimize power draw from a macro grid or utility grid. Drawing power from the grid can increase an island grid's operating costs. Furthermore, grid power may not be available in remote areas. Each fuel-based DER can have unique performance characteristics. Therefore, each DER can respond differently to dynamically changing power demands. Consequently, operating fuel-based DERs at optimal efficiency can depend on the individual performance characteristics of each DER, the overall load demand, and other types of DERs integrated into the island grid.In some cases, fuel-based DERs can be used to charge energy storage DERs, such as energy storage systems (ESS), which should be considered for operating the fuel-based DERs at optimal efficiency. As a result, the efficiency of the island grid may suffer if the fuel-based distributed energy resources operate at suboptimal power.

[0011] Some of the implementations described here relate to an island grid system in which multiple energy resource systems are deployed, including one or more fuel-based energy resource systems configured to generate electricity for the island grid, and one or more energy resource systems configured for charging and discharging. The fuel-based energy resource systems can be generator sets, such as diesel engine generators. An island grid control unit can be configured to manage operations within the island grid system. The island grid control unit can store power data associated with each fuel-based energy resource system, which can be used to operate the fuel-based energy resource systems at optimal efficiency to meet the overall load demand of the island grid system.

[0012] The island grid control unit can identify optimized calibrations for the island grid system based on power curves from multiple energy resource systems. For example, the island grid control unit can identify optimized calibrations for the island grid system based on power curves from fuel-based energy resource systems. The power curves for each fuel-based energy resource system can include a generator power curve, a mean effective brake pressure (BMEP) power curve, a fraction-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) power curve, and / or a volumetric fuel consumption (VFC) power curve. A generator power curve for a diesel engine can represent the relationship between the diesel engine's output power and its speed or load.A BMEP characteristic curve for a diesel engine can represent a relationship between the diesel engine's BMEP and its speed or load. A BSFC performance curve can represent a relationship between a diesel engine's fuel efficiency (e.g., BSFC) and its speed or load. A VFC performance curve can represent a relationship between a diesel engine's fuel consumption rate (in terms of volume) and its operating conditions, typically measured over various engine speeds or loads.

[0013] The power curves can be unique for each fuel-based energy resource system. For example, the power curves can conform to the manufacturer's specifications for the fuel-based energy resource systems. Thus, the island grid control unit can store power data (e.g., power curves) associated with each fuel-based energy resource system to optimize its operation based on the overall load demand. Furthermore, the island grid control unit can use this power data to optimize the operation of the fuel-based energy resource systems based on the ESS's operating status.

[0014] The island grid control unit can use a mean power point from the power curves to calculate optimization setpoints for the island grid system. These optimization setpoints can be adjusted at a local control unit or at the island grid control unit itself to optimize the performance of the island grid, including reducing fuel consumption. Additionally, an efficiency factor can be provided by an operator or commissioning engineer. This efficiency factor can be used by the island grid control unit or the local control unit to calculate and / or adjust the optimization setpoints.The island grid control unit can use optimization setpoints to determine when to add or remove one or more energy resource systems, to determine when to quickly trigger the addition of one or more energy resource systems to handle a (steep) temporary load, to determine minimum and maximum load thresholds for one or more energy resource systems, and / or to determine state-of-charge (SOC) thresholds or setpoints for when the ESS should be set to charge to receive power from the island grid or to discharge to supply power to the island grid. The island grid control unit can provide energy optimization for peak load reduction. The island grid control unit can be configured to size the battery capacity of the ESS and a number of fuel-based energy resource systems to manage peak loads and costs.

[0015] The island grid control unit can determine optimization setpoints so that each fuel-based energy resource system (e.g., each engine of the fuel-based energy resource systems) operates at maximum efficiency. The optimization setpoints can be load setpoints, each triggering a corresponding action based on the total load demand. For example, the load setpoints can include at least one of the following: an energy resource input setpoint to trigger the island grid control unit to add an initial additional energy resource system to the island grid based on the total load demand meeting the energy resource input setpoint; an energy resource output setpoint to cause the island grid control unit to remove an energy resource system from the island grid based on the total load demand meeting the energy resource output setpoint; or a quick-add setpoint.to cause the islanding control unit to add a second additional energy resource system to the islanding network, based on the detection of a temporary load that meets the quick-add setpoint, a minimum load setpoint to specify a minimum load to be assigned by the islanding control unit to each fuel-based energy resource system, a maximum load setpoint to indicate a maximum load to be assigned by the islanding control unit to each fuel-based energy resource system, or a SOC setpoint to trigger the islanding control unit to discharge the one or more ESS based on a SOC of the one or more ESS that meets the SOC setpoint.

[0016] The optimized setpoints can enable the island grid control unit to allow full utilization of the ESS in conjunction with the fuel-based energy resource systems, thereby minimizing fuel consumption by operating the fuel-based energy resource systems at their respective peak efficiency points. For example, fuel savings of up to 34% can be achieved.

[0017] In some embodiments, a human-machine interface (HMI) can be integrated into and / or communicatively coupled to the island grid control unit. The HMI can comprise one or more processors or control units configured to store performance data (e.g., power curves) associated with each fuel-based energy resource system (ESS) to optimize ESS operation based on overall load demand. Furthermore, the HMI can use the performance data to optimize ESS operation based on the ESS's operating status. The HMI can transmit commands to the island grid control unit to control the fuel-based energy resource systems and the ESS. In some embodiments, the HMI can calculate optimization setpoints and transmit them to the island grid control unit.Thus, the MMS can be an external control unit that transmits commands and / or optimization setpoints to the island grid control unit.

[0018] Fig. Figure 1 shows a system 100 according to one or more implementations. The system 100 can include a human-machine interface (HMI) 102, an external control unit 104, a power supply system 106, and one or more loads 108.

[0019] The power supply system 106 can be an island grid or another electrical power distribution system capable of supplying power to one or more loads 108. In some cases, the power supply system 106 can be an off-grid electrical power distribution system. In some cases, the power supply system 106 can be configured to operate in both grid-connected and stand-alone modes. The power supply system 106 can include an island grid control unit 110, a non-stabilizing group of power resource systems 112 (e.g., a non-stabilizing group of DER), a stabilizing group of power resource systems 114 (e.g., a stabilizing group of DER), and interfaces 116 and 118.In general, “off-grid” can mean that the power distribution system is not connected to a larger power distribution system operated, for example, by an electricity utility or other large power generation facility that supplies electricity to a geographic area, campus, complex, etc. However, the techniques disclosed herein can also be applied to power distribution systems that are connected to larger power distribution systems. For example, the larger power distribution systems can act as a power source in a primary or secondary service provider role, while the power supply system 106 can act as a power source in the opposite role, either as a primary or secondary service provider.

[0020] The non-stabilizing group of energy resource systems 112 can include one or more energy generation systems 120. Each energy generation system 120 can include a power generator (e.g., a motor generator, a fuel cell, a PV cell, or another power generation system) and a local generator control unit connected to the island grid control unit 110. Thus, each energy generation system 120 can generate power from its respective power source. Each local generator control unit can control how much power a particular power generator produces, control a power distribution rate, and / or retrieve status information per unit of power generator. Each local generator control unit can be controlled by the island grid control unit 110.

[0021] A motor generator, such as a diesel generator, can be referred to as a generator set or genset, which uses a fuel-based engine that consumes fuel to generate electricity. Therefore, a motor generator can be referred to as a fuel-based (FB) energy resource system. The non-stabilizing group of energy resource systems 112 can include one or more FB energy resource systems that operate according to performance data, such as one or more power curves. The performance data may correspond to the manufacturer's specifications for the fuel-based engine. For example, the performance data may include generator power data, BMEP data, BSFC data, and / or VFC data. The performance data may be provided in one or more power curves, such as a generator power curve, a BMEP power curve, a BSFC power curve, and / or a VFC power curve.

[0022] The stabilizing group of energy resource systems 114 can include one or more energy storage systems (ESS) 122. Each energy storage system 122 can include an electrical storage device (e.g., one or more batteries and / or capacitors) and a local ESS control unit that communicates with the island grid control unit 110. Each local ESS control unit can control the current flow into or out of a given electrical storage device, including charging and discharging the respective electrical storage device, controlling the current flow rate, and / or retrieving status information pertaining to the respective electrical storage device, such as state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), discharge limit, and other device parameters. Each local ESS control unit can be controlled by the island grid control unit 110.

[0023] System 100 can also include one or more circuit breakers 124 (e.g., distribution switches or circuit breakers) that can be individually controlled by the island grid control unit 110 to connect a respective load 108 to the power grid 106 or to disconnect the respective load 108 from the power grid 106. The one or more circuit breakers 124 can be part of one or both interfaces 116 and 118.

[0024] The MMS 102 can include one or more processors and be configured to receive and process one or more inputs from a user, such as an operator. Additionally, the MMS 102 can be configured to provide the user with one or more prompts or outputs. Thus, the MMS 102 can be a user terminal configured to interact with a user to process user-provided information and / or commands, provide the user with information (e.g., status information), and / or execute one or more tasks or functions in response to the processing of the user-provided information and / or commands. The MMS 102 can be communicatively coupled with the external control unit 104, which in turn can be communicatively coupled with the islanded control unit 110.In some embodiments, the MMS 102 can be directly communicatively coupled to the island grid control unit 110. The external control unit 104 can send commands to the island grid control unit 110 and receive information from it. For example, the external control unit 104 can send commands to the island grid control unit 110 based on information received from the MMS 102. Thus, the external control unit 104 can be a user-controlled control unit. The external control unit 104 can be integrated into the MMS 102. The external control unit 104 can be a control unit of a larger power distribution system (e.g., a macro grid, a power generation plant, and / or a power utility).

[0025] The power supply system 106 can supply power to one or more loads 108. Generally, the power supply system 106 can supply alternating current (AC) at a specific voltage and current. The island grid control unit 110 can control one or more energy storage systems 122 to immediately feed power into the system when the power supply system 106 requires it, or to immediately absorb excess power generated by the power supply system 106. Accordingly, one or more electrical storage devices of the energy storage systems 122 can act as consumers for one or more energy generation systems 120, or as a power source for the one or more energy generation systems 120, thereby ensuring that the system bus frequencies of the non-stabilizing group of energy resource systems 112 are maintained at a nominal value.In other words, the island grid control unit 110 can control the stabilizing group of energy resource systems 114 to stabilize the loads of the non-stabilizing group of energy resource systems 112, in order to keep the non-stabilizing group of energy resource systems 112 at a relatively constant load, which can reduce the recurrence of frequency deviations from the nominal value.

[0026] The island grid control unit 110 can be integrated into or disconnected from (but connected to) interfaces 116 and 118, energy generation systems 120, and energy storage systems 122, or combinations thereof. In this way, a user can, by interacting with the MMS 102, add or remove energy generation systems 120 to increase / decrease the system's power generation, and / or add or remove energy storage systems 122 to increase / decrease the system's energy storage capacity, according to the user's preferences.For example, a user may prefer to add additional power generation systems 120 and / or additional energy storage systems 122 to increase the load capacity when additional loads 108 are to be connected to the power supply system 106, or to remove power generation systems 120 and / or energy storage systems 122 to decrease the load capacity when loads 108 are to be disconnected from the power supply system 106. Furthermore, the islanding control unit 110 can be configured to add or remove power generation systems 120 and / or energy storage systems 122 from the power supply system 106 when one or more conditions are met. In some cases, the islanding control unit 110 can be configured to add or remove power generation systems 120 and / or energy storage systems 122 from the power supply system 106 based on a schedule.

[0027] The one or more loads 108 can be any devices that can be connected to a power distribution system, such as the power supply system 106, to receive electrical energy. Examples of loads include heavy machinery (e.g., electric mining equipment, dump trucks, etc.), personal appliances, household appliances, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, industrial drilling rigs, residential electrical distribution systems, etc. The loads 108 can include one or more unstable loads, such as one or more cyclic loads. The loads 108 can be unidirectional loads (e.g., loads that can only receive power from the power supply system 106), bidirectional loads (e.g., loads that can both receive power from the power supply system 106 and supply power to the power supply system 106), charge loads (e.g., loads that include a rechargeable electric battery), essential loads (e.g.,Loads requiring uninterrupted operation and / or non-essential loads (e.g., loads that do not require uninterrupted operation) can be assigned different priorities depending on the load type, load classification, and / or operating state or mode.

[0028] In general, one or more loads 108 can receive power from the power supply system 106 and use the power according to the operation of the one or more loads 108. Users of the power supply system 106 and the one or more loads 108 can connect / disconnect the one or more loads 108 by electrically connecting the one or more loads 108 to the interfaces 116 and 118 of the power supply system 106. For example, the interfaces 116 and 118 can have AC plugs / sockets to connect the one or more loads 108 in parallel to the one or more power generation systems 120 and the one or more energy storage systems 122 of the power supply system 106. One or more loads 108 can include a local control unit that can acquire load information and transmit it to the island grid control unit 110.Load information can include details specifying a load type, load classification, and / or operating state or mode of a load 108. Loads can be active (real) or reactive to enable a power quality-based approach to planning. Load information can include load data such as the maximum and minimum loads. For chargeable loads, load information can include the maximum charge load, maximum state of charge, minimum state of charge, current state of charge, and usable discharge energy as a function of the current state of charge. Load information can be received by the islanding control unit 110 via interfaces 116 and 118, which can include one or more communication interfaces coupled to the islanding control unit 110.

[0029] Interfaces 116 and 118 can also have multiple generator connections and multiple energy storage connections. The multiple generator connections can consist of hardwired electrical connections and / or AC plugs / sockets to connect the one or more energy generation systems 120 in parallel to the one or more loads 108 and the one or more energy storage systems 122. The multiple energy storage connections can consist of hardwired electrical connections and / or AC plugs / sockets to connect the one or more energy storage systems 122 in parallel to the one or more loads 108 and the one or more energy generation systems 120. For example, the power supply system 106 may or may not allow the addition / removal of energy generation systems 120 and / or the addition / removal of energy storage systems 122.Therefore, depending on the configuration, interfaces 116 and 118 may include: (1) hardwired electrical connections connecting the at least one power generation system 120; (2) AC plugs / sockets for connecting / disconnecting the at least one power generation system 120; (3) hardwired electrical connections connecting the at least one energy storage system 122; and / or (4) AC plugs / sockets for connecting / disconnecting the at least one energy storage system 122. Interfaces 116 and 118 may be coupled to a system bus (e.g., a power bus) of the power supply system 106. The system bus may allow one or more of the energy storage systems 122 to receive power from one or more power generation systems 120 and / or one or more loads 108 (e.g., for charging and / or storing power).

[0030] The one or more energy generation systems 120 may also include communication interfaces. These communication interfaces enable the one or more energy generation systems 120 to communicate with the island grid control unit 110. For example, the one or more energy generation systems 120 may be connected to the island grid control unit 110 via wired or wireless communication. The one or more energy generation systems 120 may provide generator data (e.g., information about energy resources) to the island grid control unit 110. The generator data for each of the one or more energy generation systems 120 may include load data and / or generator parameters. The load data may include current (e.g.,The current load data may include current loads sensed by one or more power generation systems 120, and / or past load data (if one or more power generation systems 120 store such data locally). The current / past load data may include voltage (e.g., in volts) and / or current (e.g., in amperes) measured by one or more sensor components contained within a power generation system 120. The generator parameters may include a maximum threshold for the generator set and a minimum threshold for the generator set.Alternatively, the generator parameters can be omitted from the generator data to reduce the transmission bandwidth, and the one or more power generation systems 120 can transmit the generator parameters during an initial configuration process between the one or more power generation systems 120 and the island grid control unit 110. The maximum generator set threshold and the minimum generator set threshold can each specify a maximum and a minimum power load that a generator of a power generation system 120 can support.

[0031] The one or more energy storage systems 122 can be any energy storage devices capable of storing and outputting alternating current. For example, the one or more energy storage systems 122 can include at least one electrochemical energy storage device (e.g., a battery), one electrical energy storage device (e.g., a capacitor, a supercapacitor, or a superconducting magnetic energy storage device), one mechanical energy storage device (e.g., a flywheel, a pump system), and / or any combination thereof. The one or more energy storage systems 122 can include inverters (individually or collectively), enabling the one or more energy storage systems 122 to function as either a power consumer or a power source.The one or more energy storage systems 122 may also include electronic control mechanisms to (1) control how much load the one or more energy storage systems 122 can absorb, or (2) control how much alternating current the one or more energy storage systems 122 can output.

[0032] The one or more energy storage systems 122 may also include communication interfaces. The communication interfaces of the one or more energy generation systems 120 may enable the one or more energy storage systems 122 to communicate with the island grid control unit 110. For example, the one or more energy storage systems 122 may be connected to the island grid control unit 110 via wired or wireless communication. The one or more energy storage systems 122 may provide energy storage data (e.g., information about energy resources) to the island grid control unit 110 and receive instructions from the island grid control unit 110.

[0033] The energy storage data can include, for each of the at least one energy storage device, a current energy level (e.g., kilowatt-hours currently stored), the total energy storage capacity (e.g., capacity in kilowatt-hours), and / or discharge / charge parameters. The current energy level can be measured by a battery meter of an energy storage device. The battery meter can be a voltmeter, an ammeter-hour meter, and / or an impedance-based meter, or a combination thereof. The discharge / charge parameters can specify a discharge power and a charge power for a respective energy storage device of the one or more energy storage systems.Alternatively, to reduce the transmission bandwidth, the energy storage data can omit the discharge / charge parameters, and the one or more energy storage systems 122 can transmit the discharge / charge parameters when the one or more energy storage systems 122 are first connected to the island grid control unit 110.

[0034] The one or more energy storage systems 122 can receive requests (e.g., instructions) for the energy storage data in order to provide the energy storage data and / or continuously deliver the energy storage data to the island grid control unit 110. The instructions can include energy storage provisioning (ESD) instructions. An ESD instruction can include an instruction to inject power into a system bus of the power supply system 106 or to absorb power from the system bus of the power supply system 106. ESD instructions can be provided in control signals (e.g., communication signals that provide the ESD commands). At least one ESD instruction can be used to rapidly stabilize the load and thereby stabilize the bus frequency of the power supply system 106 in a time-efficient manner, instead of attempting to stabilize the load solely with one or more energy generation systems 120.The one or more energy storage systems 122 can control the inverters and the electronic control mechanisms to (1) control the amount of load absorbed by the one or more energy storage systems 122 or (2) control the AC power generated by the one or more energy storage systems 122 according to the ESD instructions. Reactive and / or active loads can be used as qualifiers for loads, with reactive loads contributing to a stabilization algorithm in addition to the active or real loads.

[0035] The island grid control unit 110 can include at least one storage device (e.g., one or more memory locations) for storing instructions (e.g., program code), at least one processor for executing the instructions from the storage device to perform a series of desired operations, and a communication interface (e.g., coupled to a communication bus) to facilitate communication between different system components. The instructions can be computer-readable instructions for executing a control application. The communication interface of the island grid control unit 110 can enable the island grid control unit 110 to communicate with the one or more power generation systems 120 and the one or more energy storage systems 122. The island grid control unit 110 can receive generator data and energy storage data (e.g.,receive information about energy resources), process the generator data and the energy storage data to generate one or more ESD instructions, and output the ESD instructions to one or more energy generation systems 120 and / or to one or more energy storage systems 122.

[0036] To process generator and energy storage data and generate ESD commands, the control application may include a load stabilization function and / or a state of charge (SOC) function. The control application may also include a generator set limiting function and / or an energy storage discharge / charge limiting function to generate the ESD command. In some cases, the load stabilization function may be enabled while the power supply system 106 is configured in standalone mode to provide off-grid load stabilization. The island grid control unit 110 can automatically enable or disable the aforementioned system functions based on the presence or absence of system parameters (e.g., if no minimum generator set threshold is available, etc.) or if one or more system conditions are met.

[0037] In general, the load stabilization function can ensure that the system bus frequencies of the one or more power generation systems 120 are maintained at a nominal value by causing a specific amount of energy to be absorbed / injected by the one or more energy storage systems 122. This amount of energy can be determined based on the difference between an instantaneous load and a moving average of the load. Meanwhile, the state of charge (SOC) function can ensure that the one or more energy storage systems 122 are charged to a target SOC or range, preventing the SOC of one or more energy storage systems from deviating too low or too high and falling outside a desired operating range (e.g., the target SOC range).The target SOC or target SOC range can enable the at least one energy storage system 122 to provide long-term benefits to the system 100, for example, to have an operating range usable by the power supply system 106 and / or to avoid deterioration ranges of one or more energy storage systems 122.

[0038] One or more power generation systems 120 can include a motor-generator (e.g., a generator) that supplies alternating current to the power supply system 106, which in turn can supply at least one load 108 with alternating current. In general, a motor-generator can be any device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical energy to generate alternating current. A motor-generator can be a gas turbine power generator. In such gas turbine power generators, rapid load changes of the at least one load 108 can cause the system bus frequency to deviate from a nominal value. The system bus frequency can be a frequency of the electrical components of the generator. For example, such gas turbine generators can be equipped with isochronous frequency control controllers that attempt to maintain the system bus frequency at its nominal value in response to changes in the load of the one or more loads 108.Therefore, during a transient load change (e.g., a load transient), the system bus frequency can change as the load on the motor-generator changes. However, due to the inertia of the motor-generator's physical components (e.g., a rotor or stator rotor), the system bus frequency returns to its nominal value more slowly than desired. This slow return can negatively affect the power quality of the power supply system 106. The power quality of the power supply system 106 can be determined based on the voltage, frequency, and waveform of the power delivered to one or more loads 108. High power quality can ensure the continuity of operation for one or more loads 108, allowing them to function properly as intended. Low power quality can cause one or more loads 108 to malfunction, fail prematurely, or not function at all.

[0039] Therefore, avoiding load transients can be advantageous for achieving better power quality. However, in general, it may not be possible or desirable to control one or more loads 108. Instead, the island grid control unit 110 can control the one or more energy storage systems 122 of the stabilizing group of energy resource systems 114 to act as either electricity consumers or energy resources, so that the one or more energy generation systems 120 of the non-stabilizing group of energy resource systems 112 can maintain the system bus frequency at its nominal value, thereby ensuring better power quality.

[0040] Fig. Figure 2 shows an island grid 200 according to one or more implementations. The island grid 200 can be an example of the one associated with Fig. The described power supply system 106 may be the island grid 200. The island grid 200 can comprise a plurality of DER 202. The plurality of DER 202 can comprise N power generation systems 120 and M energy storage systems 122, where N and M are integers greater than zero. For example, the plurality of DER 202 can comprise a first power generation system 120-1 and an N -tes Energy generation system 120-N includes. In which in Fig. The two examples shown can be N-energy generation systems 120 FB energy resource systems, such as motor generators. Additionally, the multitude of DER 202 can be a first energy storage system 122-1 and an M tesEnergy storage system 122-M. Each energy generation system 120 can include a power generator 204 (e.g., a motor) and a local generator control unit 206. Each energy storage system 122 can include an electrical storage device 208 (e.g., one or more batteries and / or capacitors) and a local ESS control unit 210. The island grid 200 can include additional types of generator systems that are in Fig. 2 are not shown. For example, the island grid can include 200 solar panels, wind turbines, fuel cells and / or PV cells.

[0041] Each energy generation system 120 can be coupled to a power bus 212 to supply power to one or more loads connected to the power bus 212. Additionally, each energy storage system 122 can be coupled to the power bus 212 to supply power to or receive power from the power bus 212 (e.g., to supply or receive power to one or more components, such as one or more loads and / or one or more energy generation systems 120 connected to the power bus 212).

[0042] The island grid 200 can also include the island grid control unit 110, which is connected via a communication bus 214 to the local control units (e.g., local generator control units 206 and local ESS control units 210) of each distributed energy resource 202. The communication bus 214 can also enable the island grid 200 to communicate with one or more loads and / or one or more load management systems (e.g., charging systems, fleet management systems, local load controllers, etc.). In some cases, two or more communication buses 214 may be provided. For example, one communication bus may be provided for communication with local control units and another communication bus for communication with one or more loads and / or one or more load management systems.

[0043] Each local generator control unit 206 can include any suitable hardware, software, and / or firmware to detect and control a respective power generator 204 and to send and receive information to and from the island grid control unit 110. For example, a local generator control unit 206 can be configured to detect, determine, and / or store generator data for its respective power generator 204. The generator data can be detected, determined, and / or stored in any conventional manner. Each local generator control unit 206 can control whether a respective power generator 204 is connected to or disconnected from the power bus 212 (for example, based on an instruction or control signal received from the island grid control unit 110).

[0044] Each local ESS control unit 210 can include any suitable hardware, software, and / or firmware to acquire and control a respective electrical storage device 208 and to send and receive information to and from the island grid control unit 110. For example, a local ESS control unit 210 can be configured to acquire, determine, and / or store various properties of its respective electrical storage device 208. These properties of the respective electrical storage device 208 can include, but are not limited to, the current state of charge (SOC), current energy, minimum SOC threshold, maximum SOC threshold, and discharge limit of the respective electrical storage device 208. These properties of each respective electrical storage device 208 can be acquired, determined, and / or stored in any conventional manner.Each local ESS control unit 210 can control whether a given electrical storage device 208 is connected to or disconnected from the power bus 212 (for example, based on an instruction or control signal received from the island grid control unit 110).

[0045] The island grid control unit 110 can receive or detect a need to charge or discharge power from the island grid 200 and can be configured to detect and send signals to distribute a total charge request and / or a total discharge request to all DER 202.

[0046] When executing the power allocation functions, the island grid control unit 110 can allocate a specific amount of power from each energy generation system 120 to one or more consumers 108. The one or more consumers 108 can be connected to the power bus 212 via one or more circuit breakers 124 to draw power from the power bus. When executing the power allocation functions, the island grid control unit 110 can distribute a total charge request and / or a total discharge request to the energy storage systems 122 as a function of the usable energy capacity of each energy storage system 122.The usable energy capacity corresponds to the capacity or amount of energy that an energy storage system 122 can absorb in response to a total charge request (usable charge energy), or the capacity or amount of energy that an energy storage system can discharge in response to a total discharge request (usable discharge energy). The usable charge energy is a function of the maximum state of charge, the current state of charge, and the current energy of the energy storage system, and the usable discharge energy is a function of the minimum state of charge and the current energy of the energy storage system 122. The island grid control unit 110 can determine a usable charge / discharge capacity of each energy storage system 122 (e.g., state of charge), a desired charge / discharge of each energy storage system 122, a residual power of each energy storage system 122, and / or a state of health of each energy storage system 122.

[0047] Thus, the island grid control unit 110 regulates the power supply of the island grid 200 so that precisely the desired amount of electricity flows into or out of the grid 106 at any given time. The island grid control unit 110 can regulate the power supply of the island grid 200 in cooperation with the local generator control units 206 and the local ESS control units 210. The island grid control unit 110 can send control signals (e.g., commands) to the local generator control units 206 and the local ESS control units 210 to activate (e.g., switch online), deactivate (switch offline), or throttle (limit or regulate to a target output) one or more of the distributed energy resources 202. Additionally or alternatively, the island grid control unit 110 can transmit control signals to one or more switches 213 to define a switch state (e.g.,to control an on or off state of one or more switches 213, for example to connect one or more DER 202s to the island network 200 (e.g., the power bus 212) or to disconnect one or more DER 202s from it. The switches 213 can be connected to one or both of the in conjunction with . Fig. The interfaces 116 and 118 described in section 1 should be integrated.

[0048] In some cases, two or more power buses 212 may be provided. For example, a power bus may be provided to couple one or more power generators 204 with one or more electrical storage devices 208 in order to charge the one or more electrical storage devices 208. For example, the island grid control unit 110 may selectively couple a power generator 204 with an electrical storage device 208 in order to charge the electrical storage device 208. Thus, the power bus 212 may be part of a power distribution network of the island grid 200, which may include one or more power buses used to distribute power between loads 108 and / or the DER 202.

[0049] The island grid 200 can include an interface 216 for connecting the island grid 200 to a power distribution system 218, for example a macro grid, and for disconnecting the island grid 200 from it. The power distribution system 218 can include the external control unit 104 (e.g. a macro grid control unit), as described in conjunction with Fig. The external control unit 104 can be coupled to the interface 216 to transmit control signals, such as commands or requests, to the island grid control unit 110. The interface 216 can include one or more electrical connections used to connect the island grid 200 to the power distribution system 218. The interface 216 can include one or more switches or circuit breakers controlled by the island grid control unit 110 to connect and disconnect the island grid 200 from the power distribution system 218. For example, the one or more switches or circuit breakers of the interface 216 can connect or disconnect the power bus 212 (or another system bus) from the electrical power distribution system 218.Thus, the island grid control unit 110 can configure the island grid 200 to operate in a grid-connected mode by connecting the island grid 200 to the power distribution system 218, or in a stand-alone mode by disconnecting the island grid 200 from the power distribution system 218.

[0050] The island grid control unit 110 can store power data in one or more memories associated with each power generation system 120 (e.g., each FB power resource system). The power data can relate to the output of each power generator 204 (e.g., each motor). As described above, the power data can include generator power data, BMEP data, BSFC data, and / or VFC data. The power data can be stored as one or more power curves, such as a generator power curve, BMEP power curve, BSFC power curve, and / or VFC power curve. The island grid control unit 110 can receive the power data from the local generator control units 206 or from an MMS (e.g., MMS 102).

[0051] The island grid control unit 110 can calculate the total load requirement of the multiple loads based on the load information. The island grid control unit 110 can use this total load information, along with the power data, to optimize the efficiency of the power supply system 106. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can operate the power generation systems 120 with optimal efficiency.

[0052] The island grid control unit 110 can calculate optimization setpoints based on the power data. These setpoints can be calculated to operate each power generation system 120 at a specific peak efficiency across a range of the total load demand. The island grid control unit 110 can also calculate these setpoints to reduce the fuel consumption of the power generation systems 120. The power data can include one or more power curves for each power generation system 120.

[0053] In some embodiments, the island grid control unit 110 can calculate a set of optimization parameters based on the performance data, the set of optimization parameters being configured to optimize the performance of the island grid 200. The island grid control unit 110 can determine the optimization setpoints used for operating the power generation systems 120 based on the set of optimization parameters. In some examples, the optimization setpoints can be used for operating both the power generation systems 120 and the energy storage systems 122. The island grid control unit 110 can generate the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load demand. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can monitor the total load demand against the optimization setpoints and trigger one or more actions when the total load demand meets a corresponding optimization setpoint.Since the optimization target values ​​can be related to the total load requirement, the optimization target values ​​can be referred to as load target values.

[0054] In some embodiments, the island grid control unit 110 can calculate the optimization setpoints based on an average power point of each power curve. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can calculate the set of optimization parameters based on the average power point of each power curve.

[0055] In some implementations, the island grid control unit 110 can calculate the optimization setpoints based on an efficiency factor provided to the island grid control unit as a control setpoint. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can calculate the set of optimization parameters based on the efficiency factor provided to the island grid control unit as a control setpoint.

[0056] In some embodiments, the optimization setpoints include a setpoint for adding energy resources, a setpoint for reducing energy resources, a setpoint for fast addition, a setpoint for minimum load, a setpoint for maximum load, and / or a SOC setpoint. For example, the setpoint for adding energy resources may be greater than the setpoint for reducing energy resources, the setpoint for fast addition may be greater than the setpoint for adding energy resources, the setpoint for reducing energy resources may be greater than the setpoint for minimum load, and the setpoint for maximum load may be between the setpoint for adding energy resources and the setpoint for fast addition.

[0057] The setpoint for adding energy resources can be used by the island grid control unit 110 to trigger the addition of an additional energy resource system to the island grid 200 based on the total load demand meeting the setpoint for adding energy resources. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can add the additional energy resource system to the island grid 200 when the total load demand is equal to or greater than the setpoint for adding energy resources. Adding the additional energy resource system may involve turning on an additional energy generation system 120 and / or setting an energy storage system 122 to discharge. In some cases, multiple energy resource systems may be added.

[0058] The setpoint for energy resource shutdown can be used by the island grid control unit 110 to trigger an energy resource shutdown from the island grid 200, based on the total load demand that meets the energy resource shutdown setpoint. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can shut down the energy resource system from the island grid 200 when the total load demand is equal to or less than the energy resource shutdown setpoint. Reducing the energy resource system can involve shutting down a power generation system 120 and / or disconnecting an energy storage system 122 from the island grid 200. In some cases, multiple energy resource systems can be reduced.

[0059] The fast additional setpoint can be used by the island grid control unit 110 to trigger the addition of an additional energy resource system to the island grid 200, based on the detection of a temporary load that meets the fast additional setpoint.

[0060] For example, the island grid control unit 110 can add the additional energy resource system to the island grid 200 when the total load demand is equal to or greater than the fast add setpoint. Adding the additional energy resource system may involve turning on an additional energy generation system 120 and / or setting an energy storage system 122 to discharge. In some cases, multiple energy resource systems can be added.

[0061] The minimum load setpoint can specify a minimum load to be assigned by the island grid control unit 110 to each power generation system 120. In other words, the island grid control unit 110 can be configured to assign at least the minimum load to each power generation system 120. If insufficient load is available to assign the minimum load to each power generation system 120, the island grid control unit 110 can disconnect one or more power generation systems 120 from the island grid 200 so that the minimum load can be assigned to each remaining power generation system 120. Furthermore, sufficient excess load should be present before a power generation system 120 is switched on.For example, the island grid control unit 110 can switch on an additional power generation system 120 as long as the minimum load can be assigned to the additional power generation system 120 and as long as the minimum load can still be assigned to each power generation system 120 that is currently supplying power to the island grid 200.

[0062] The maximum load setpoint can specify a maximum load to be assigned by the island grid control unit 110 to each power generation system 120. In other words, the island grid control unit 110 can be configured to assign at most the maximum load to each power generation system 120. If there is insufficient power to meet the total load demand when each power generation system 120 is assigned its maximum load, the island grid control unit 110 can activate an additional power generation system 120, discharge a power storage system 122, and / or draw power from the power distribution system 218 to meet any excess of the total load demand that exceeds the maximum load that can be handled by the current power generation systems 120.

[0063] The SOC setpoint can be used by the island grid control unit 110 to trigger the discharge of one or more energy storage systems 122 based on the SOC of one or more energy storage systems 122 meeting the SOC setpoint. For example, the island grid control unit 110 can configure one or more energy storage systems 122 to discharge when the SOC of one or more energy storage systems 122 is equal to or greater than the SOC setpoint. Thus, the SOC setpoint can cause the island grid control unit 110 to discharge the one or more energy storage systems 122 based on the SOC of the energy storage systems 122 meeting the SOC setpoint.

[0064] The island grid control unit 110 can monitor the total load demand, compare the total load demand with the energy resource supply setpoint, the energy resource output setpoint, and the quick-add setpoint, add a first additional energy resource system to the island grid 200 based on the total load demand that meets the energy resource supply setpoint, remove at least one energy resource system from the island grid 200 based on the total load demand that meets the energy resource output setpoint, and add a second additional energy resource system to the island grid 200 based on the detection of the total load demand that meets the quick-add setpoint.

[0065] Fig. Figure 3 is a flowchart of an example process 300 in connection with energy-optimizing peak load reduction using island grid control units. One or more process blocks of Fig. Three processes can be executed by an island grid control unit (e.g., island grid control unit 110). Additionally or alternatively, one or more process blocks can be executed from Fig. 3. be performed by another device or group of devices that are separate from or include the island network control unit, for example, by another device or component located inside or outside an island network. For example, one or more process blocks may consist of Fig. 3 are executed by an MMS.

[0066] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, process 300 can include receiving load information corresponding to the total load demand of a multitude of loads connected to the island grid (block 310). For example, the island grid control unit 110 can receive load information corresponding to the total load demand of a multitude of loads connected to the island grid, as described above.

[0067] As in Fig. As further shown in Figure 3, process 300 can include receiving energy resource information corresponding to a variety of energy resource systems configured to power the island grid (Block 320). For example, the island grid control unit 110 can receive energy resource information corresponding to a variety of energy resource systems configured to power the island grid. The variety of energy resource systems can include one or more FB energy resource systems configured to generate power to be fed into the island grid, as well as one or more ESS configured to be charged and discharged.

[0068] As in Fig. As further shown in Figure 3, process 300 can include receiving power data connected to each FB power resource system of the one or more FB power resource systems (Block 330). For example, the island grid control unit 110 can receive the power data as described above.

[0069] As in Fig. As further shown in Figure 3, process 300 can include monitoring the total load requirement of the multiple loads in real time based on the load information (block 340). For example, the island grid control unit 110 can monitor the total load requirement of the multiple loads in real time based on the load information, as described above.

[0070] As in Fig. As further shown in Figure 3, process 300 can include calculating optimization setpoints based on the performance data (block 350). For example, the island grid control unit 110 can calculate optimization setpoints based on the performance data, as described above. The optimization setpoints can be calculated to operate each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems at a respective peak power across a range of the total load demand.

[0071] As in Fig. As further shown in Figure 3, process 300 can include generating the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load requirement (block 360). For example, the island grid control unit 110 can generate the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load requirement, as described above.

[0072] Although in Fig. Three example blocks of process 300 are shown; in some implementations, process 300 may have additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged differently than those shown. Fig. The three blocks shown are included. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 300 can be executed in parallel.

[0073] Fig. Figure 4 is a diagram showing example components of the energy-optimizing island grid control unit 110 for peak load reduction with island grid control systems. The island grid control unit 110 can include a bus 410, a processor 420, a memory 430, an input component 440, an output component 450, and / or a communication component 460.

[0074] The 410 bus can comprise one or more components that enable wired and / or wireless communication between the components of the 110 island grid control unit. The 410 bus can comprise two or more components from Fig. 4. Connect them together, for example via an operational coupling, a communicative coupling, an electronic coupling and / or an electrical coupling. For example, bus 410 can include an electrical connection (e.g. a wire, a conductor and / or a cable) and / or a wireless bus.

[0075] The Processor 420 can comprise a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a control unit, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a field-programmable gate array, an application-specific integrated circuit, and / or another type of processing component. The Processor 420 can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. The Processor 420 can comprise one or more processors that can be programmed to perform one or more of the operations or processes described elsewhere herein. The Processor 420 can monitor the total load requirements of multiple loads in real time based on load information. The Processor 420 can calculate optimization setpoints based on power data associated with FB energy resource systems.The 420 processor can generate the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load requirement, as described above.

[0076] Memory 430 can store information, one or more instructions, and / or software (e.g., one or more software applications) related to the operation of the island grid control unit 110. For example, memory 430 can store power data associated with each FB energy resource system. Memory 430 can comprise one or more memories that are coupled (e.g., communicatively coupled) to one or more processors (e.g., processor 420), for example, via bus 410. The communicative coupling between a processor 420 and memory 430 allows the processor 420 to read and / or process information stored in memory 430 and / or to store information in memory 430.

[0077] The input component 440 enables the island grid control unit 110 to receive inputs, load information, generator data, energy storage data, status information, scheduling information, power data, and / or control signals (e.g., control signals from a macro grid control unit). The output component 450 enables the island grid control unit 110 to provide outputs, such as one or more control signals for controlling loads, energy storage systems, circuit breakers, switches, and other components connected to the island grid described herein. The communication component 460 enables the island grid control unit 110 to communicate with other devices via a wired and / or wireless connection. For example, the communication component 460 can include a receiver, a transmitter, and / or a transceiver.

[0078] The island grid control unit 110 can execute one or more of the operations or processes described herein. For example, a non-transitory, computer-readable medium (e.g., memory 430) can store a set of instructions (e.g., one or more instructions or codes) for execution by the processor 420. The processor 420 can execute the instruction set to perform one or more of the operations or processes described herein. The execution of the instruction set by one or more processors 420 can cause the one or more processors 420 and / or the island grid control unit 110 to perform one or more of the operations or processes described herein. Instead of, or in combination with, the instructions, hardwired circuitry can be used to perform one or more of the operations or processes described herein.Additionally or alternatively, the 420 processor can be configured to execute one or more of the operations or processes described here. Therefore, the implementations described here are not limited to a specific combination of hardware circuits and software. Industrial applicability

[0079] A power distribution system, such as an island grid, can include fuel-based distributed energy resources (DERs) (e.g., generators) and energy storage systems (e.g., batteries and capacitors). An island grid control unit described here can provide an efficient way to optimize fuel consumption by optimizing the utilization of the fuel-based DERs within the power distribution system and operating them at their respective peak efficiency points across a range of the total load demand. The island grid control unit can store power data associated with each fuel-based DER, which can be used to operate the fuel-based energy resource systems at optimal efficiency to meet the total load demand of the island grid system.

Claims

[1] Island network control unit (110) of an island network, comprising: a communication interface (460) configured to receive load information corresponding to a plurality of loads (108) connected to the island grid, receive energy resource information corresponding to a plurality of energy resource systems (120, 122, 202) connected to the island grid, and output control signals to control the operation of each of the multiple energy resource systems, wherein the multiple energy resource systems include one or more fuel-based (FB) energy resource systems (120) configured to generate electricity to be fed into the island grid, and one or more energy storage systems (ESS) (122) configured to charge and discharge; one or more storage devices (430) configured to store performance data associated with each FB power resource system of the one or more FB power resource systems; and one or more processors (420) coupled with one or more memories and configured to: Based on the load information, calculate the total load requirement needed by the multitude of loads, Calculate a series of optimization parameters based on the performance data, where the series of optimization parameters is configured to optimize the performance of the island grid, Determine load setpoints for one or more FB energy resource systems and one or more ESS based on the set of optimization parameters, and generate the control signals based on the load setpoints and the total load requirement. [2] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein the one or more FB energy resource systems are motor generators and wherein the communication interface is configured to receive the power data from the one or more FB energy resource systems and to store the power data in the one or more memory locations. [3] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to calculate the set of optimization parameters based on an efficiency factor which is provided to the island grid control unit as a control setpoint. [4] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein the performance data for each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems includes generator performance data, specific fuel consumption (BSFC) data and volumetric fuel consumption data. [5] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein the power data comprise one or more power curves for each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems, wherein the one or more power curves comprise at least one of the following power curves: a generator power curve, a brake fluid differential pressure (BMEP) power curve, a brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) power curve or a volumetric fuel consumption power curve. [6] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein the performance data includes one or more power curves for each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems, and wherein the one or more processors are configured to calculate the set of optimization parameters based on a mean power point of each power curve of the one or more power curves. [7] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein the load setpoints comprise at least one of the following elements: an energy resource additional setpoint to trigger one or more processors to add an initial additional energy resource system to the island grid, based on the total load demand that meets the energy resource additional setpoint, a setpoint for curtailing an energy resource to cause one or more processors to curtail an energy resource system from the island grid, based on the total load demand that meets the setpoint for curtailing the energy resources, a quick-add setpoint to trigger one or more processors to add a second additional power resource system to the island grid, based on the detection of a transient load that meets the quick-add setpoint, a minimum load setpoint to indicate a minimum load to be assigned by one or more processors to each FB power resource system of the one or more FB power resource systems, a maximum load setpoint to indicate a maximum load to be assigned by the one or more processors to each FB power resource system of the one or more FB power resource systems, or a state-of-charge (SOC) setpoint to trigger one or more processors to discharge one or more ESS based on a state of charge of one or more ESS that meets the state-of-charge setpoint. [8] Island grid control unit according to claim 7, wherein the setpoint for energy resource input is greater than the setpoint for energy resource output, where the rapid supply setpoint is greater than the setpoint for energy resource supply, where the target value for energy resource output is greater than the minimum load target value, and where the maximum load setpoint lies between the setpoint for the addition of energy resources and the fast addition setpoint. [9] Island grid control unit according to claim 1, wherein one or more processors are configured to calculate the load setpoints to operate each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems with a respective peak power. [10] Method for controlling the systems of an island grid (106, 200), comprising: Receiving load information corresponding to the total load requirement of a large number of loads connected to the island grid by an island grid control unit of an island grid (310); Receiving information about energy resources by an island grid control unit corresponding to a plurality of energy resource systems configured to power the island grid, wherein the plurality of energy resource systems includes one or more fuel-based (FB) energy resource systems configured to generate electricity to be fed into the island grid, and one or more energy storage systems (ESS) configured to charge and discharge (320); Receiving power data connected to each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems (330); Monitoring the total load requirement of the multiple loads (340) in real time based on the load information; Calculating optimization setpoints based on performance data, wherein the optimization setpoints are calculated to operate each FB energy resource system of the one or more FB energy resource systems at a respective peak efficiency over a range of the total load demand (350); and Generating the control signals based on the optimization setpoints and the total load requirement (360).

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