ORGANIC LIGHTING DEVICE

Abstract

An organic light-emitting device (10), comprising: an anode (110); a cathode (190) facing the anode (110); and an organic layer (150) arranged between the anode (110) and the cathode (190), which comprises an emission layer and an auxiliary layer, wherein the emission layer is in direct contact with the auxiliary layer, the emission layer comprises a dopant, the auxiliary layer comprises a first compound and a second compound, wherein the dopant emits light and both the first compound and the second compound do not emit light, and the dopant, the first compound, and the second compound satisfy equations 1 to 3: T1(D)>T1(C1)S1(D) <S1(C1)S1(C1)<S1(C2)wobei, in den Gleichungen 1 bis 3,T1(D) ein niedrigster Energiepegel eines angeregten Tripletts des Dotierstoffs ist,T1(C1) ein niedrigster Energiepegel eines angeregten Tripletts der ersten Verbindung ist,S1(D) ein niedrigster Energiepegel eines angeregten Singuletts des Dotierstoffs ist,S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] One or more embodiments relate to an organic light-emitting device. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are self-emissive devices that exhibit wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, and excellent luminance, drive voltage, and response speed characteristics compared to prior art devices, and produce full-color images.

[0003] OLEDs may include a first electrode disposed on a substrate and a hole-conducting region, an emission layer, an electron-conducting region, and a second electrode stacked on the first electrode. Holes provided by the first electrode can move toward the emission layer through the hole-conducting region, and electrons provided by the second electrode can move toward the emission layer through the electron-conducting region. Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emission layer to produce excitons. These excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light.

[0004] WO 01 / 08 230 A1 discloses an organic light-emitting diode comprising a heterostructure for generating luminescence, which comprises an emitting layer, wherein the emitting layer is a combination of a host material and an emitting molecule present as a dopant in the host material; wherein the emitting molecule is adapted to luminesce when a voltage is applied to the heterostructure; and wherein the heterostructure comprises an intersystem crossing molecule, such that the efficiency of the emission is increased by the use of the intersystem crossing molecule.

[0005] US 2013 / 0 105 777 A1 provides a light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; a light-emitting layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises an emitting material having a first triplet energy level (T1); and an exciton quenching layer arranged between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode, wherein the exciton quenching layer comprises a non-emissive quenching material having a second triplet energy level (T1); wherein the exciton quenching layer is arranged adjacent to the light-emitting layer; wherein the emitting material emits by phosphorescence or delayed fluorescence; and wherein the first triplet energy level (T1) is higher than the second triplet energy level (T1).

[0006] US 2017 / 0 077 420 A1 describes thermally activated, delayed fluorescent compounds and their use. The thermally activated, delayed fluorescent compounds are analogues of 9,10-dihydro-9,9-dimethylacridine compounds.

[0007] WO 2018 / 117 369 A1 or the parallel family document KR 102018071850 A relate to an organic light-emitting device comprising: a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a light-emitting layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises a compound having a dipole moment value of 4.5 or less as a host.

[0008] US 2018 / 0 305 385 A1 discloses compounds of formula I which can be used as emitters in OLEDs:wherein Ar 1 , Ar 2 , L 1 to L 4 , X 1 to X 7 , R 1 to R 4, M, n and m are defined as disclosed in US 2018 / 0 305 385 A1. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0009] One or more embodiments provide an organic light-emitting device with an auxiliary layer. SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM

[0010] One aspect of the present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode facing the anode, and an organic layer arranged between the anode and the cathode, comprising an emission layer and an auxiliary layer, wherein the emission layer is in direct contact with the auxiliary layer, the emission layer comprises a dopant, the auxiliary layer comprises a first compound and a second compound, wherein the dopant emits light and both the first compound and the second compound do not emit light, and the dopant, the first compound, and the second compound satisfy equations 1 to 3, T1(D)>T1(C1) S1(D)>S1(C1) S1(C1)>S1(C2) where, in equations 1 to 3, T1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the dopant,

[0011] T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound,

[0012] S1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the dopant,

[0013] S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and

[0014] S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound.

[0015] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device including a substrate divided into a first subpixel region, a second subpixel region, and a third subpixel region; a plurality of anodes disposed on each of the first subpixel region, the second subpixel region, and the third subpixel region of the substrate; a cathode facing the plurality of anodes; and an organic layer disposed between the plurality of anodes and the cathode and including a first emission layer, a second emission layer, and a third emission layer disposed on the first subpixel region, the second subpixel region, and the third subpixel region of the substrate, respectively, wherein the organic layer includes an auxiliary layer arranged on the first subpixel region, the third emission layer contains a dopant, the auxiliary layer comprises a first compound and a second compound, wherein the dopant emits light and both the first compound and the second compound do not emit light, and the dopant, the first compound and the second compound satisfy equations 1 to 3, T1(D)>T1(C1) S1(D) <S1(C1) S1(C1) <S1(C2) where, in equations 1 to 3, T1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the dopant, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound, S1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the dopant, S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound. BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF REVELATION

[0016] An organic light-emitting device containing materials that meet the specific conditions described above may exhibit an improved lifespan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment. Fig.2 is a schematic view of a full-color organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing energy levels of an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment. Fig. Figure 4 is a graph showing transient electroluminescence spectra of compounds 301 to 304. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing electroluminescence spectra of organic light-emitting devices of an example and a comparative example. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing lifetimes of organic light-emitting devices of examples and a comparative example. EVOLUTION OF REVELATION

[0017] Since the disclosure may be embodied in various forms, embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in the detailed description. An effect and characteristic of the disclosure, as well as a method for achieving them, will become apparent in conjunction with the embodiments described with reference to the drawings. However, the disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0018] One or more embodiments of the disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those components that are the same or correspond to one another are denoted by the same reference numerals regardless of the figure number, and redundant explanations are omitted.

[0019] An expression used in the singular includes the expression in the plural unless the context clearly indicates a different meaning.

[0020] It is further understood that the terms “comprises” and / or “comprising” as used herein indicate the presence of listed features or elements, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or elements.

[0021] It is understood that when a layer, region, or component is described as being "on" or "on" another layer, region, or component, it may be formed directly or indirectly on the other layer, region, or component. That is, there may be intervening layers, regions, or components.

[0022] The size of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity. In other words, while the sizes and thicknesses of components are arbitrarily illustrated in the drawings for clarity, the following embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0023] The expression “lowest energy level of an excited triplet” as used here is calculated as follows: After adding a mixture of CH2Cl2 and each compound (in a concentration of 1*10 -5M) into a quartz cuvette and adding liquid helium (4 K) thereto, a photoluminescence spectrum is measured using a PR650 spectrocolorimeter, and by comparing it with a normal photoluminescence spectrum measured at room temperature, peaks observed only at low temperatures are analyzed for calculation. Alternatively, the lowest energy level of an excited triplet is also calculated as follows: After preparing a PMMA mixture (10 wt%) of each compound and spin-coating the PMMA mixture to obtain a film, a photoluminescence spectrum of the film is measured using a PR650 spectrocolorimeter, and by comparing it with a normal photoluminescence spectrum measured at room temperature, peaks observed only at low temperatures are analyzed for calculation.

[0024] The expression “lowest energy level of an excited singlet” as used here is calculated as follows: After a mixture of CH2Cl2 and each compound (in a concentration of 1*10 -5 M) was placed in a quartz cuvette, a photoluminescence spectrum is measured at room temperature using a Hitachi F-4500 fluorescence spectrophotometer for calculation.

[0025] As used herein, the term "an organic layer" refers to a single layer and / or a plurality of layers disposed between an anode and a cathode of an organic light-emitting device. A material contained in "the organic layer" is not limited to an organic material.

[0026] The phrase “(an organic layer) comprises a compound represented by Formula 1” as used herein may include a case where “(an organic layer) comprises a compound of Formula 1 or two or more different compounds of Formula 1”.

[0027] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment.

[0029] Related to Fig.1, the organic light-emitting device 10 includes: an anode 110; a cathode 190 facing the anode 110; and an organic layer 150 arranged between the anode 110 and the cathode 190, comprising an emission layer and an auxiliary layer, wherein the emission layer is in direct contact with the auxiliary layer, the emission layer includes a dopant, the auxiliary layer includes a first compound and a second compound, wherein the dopant emits light and both the first compound and the second compound do not emit light, and the dopant, the first compound, and the second compound satisfy equations 1 to 3: T1(D)>T1(C1) S1(D)>S1(C1) S1(C1)>S1(C2) where, in equations 1 to 3, T1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the dopant, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound, S1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the dopant, S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound.

[0030] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a lowest energy level of an excited triplet and a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment.

[0031] In an organic light-emitting device satisfying Equation 1, some of the triplet excitons generated in the emission layer can be transferred to the auxiliary layer. Therefore, by controlling the concentration of triplet excitons involved in exciton annihilation and quenching, triplet-triplet annihilation and triplet-polaron quenching occurring in the emission layer can be reduced. In this regard, the probability of exciton annihilation is also reduced, thereby improving the lifetime of the organic light-emitting device.

[0032] For an organic light-emitting device that satisfies Equation 2, the satisfaction of Equation 2 refers to the fact that singlet excitons of the first compound can be transferred to the dopant, allowing the emission layer to emit light while the auxiliary layer cannot. This means that the auxiliary layer merely serves to control the concentration of excess triplet excitons in the emission layer, rather than acting as an emission layer. Thus, the dopant emits light, whereas both the first compound and the second compound do not emit light.

[0033] In the organic light-emitting device satisfying Equation 3, after the triplet excitons moving from the dopant to the second compound are transferred to the singlet excitons of the second compound, the energy transfer is triggered again to the first compound or the dopant to compensate for a reduction in efficiency caused by the diffusion of triplet excitons, thereby improving the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device.

[0034] Furthermore, by incorporating the dopant into a layer other than a layer containing the first compound and the second compound, the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device can be improved. When the dopant, the first compound, and the second compound are uniformly distributed in the same layer, it is difficult to trigger a change in distribution within an emission zone due to the diffusion phenomenon in the same layer. Furthermore, the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device may rapidly decrease due to the occurrence of exciton-polaron quenching and exciton-exciton annihilation. Therefore, by incorporating the dopant into a layer other than a layer containing the first compound, the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device can be effectively improved.

[0035] In order to achieve the effects described above, the emission layer should be in direct contact with the auxiliary layer and no other layer should be arranged between the emission layer and the auxiliary layer.

[0036] For example, the dopant can emit blue phosphorescence with a maximum emission wavelength of 440 nm to 480 nm.

[0037] In general, in the case of blue phosphorescence, compared to red phosphorescence or green phosphorescence, the probability of exciton annihilation caused by triplet-triplet annihilation and triplet-polaron quenching is high, and thus the lifetime of the organic light-emitting device emitting blue phosphorescence is significantly short. Nevertheless, the organic light-emitting device of the present disclosure exhibits an improved lifetime even when emitting blue phosphorescence.

[0038] The organic light-emitting device may further satisfy Equation 4, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto: T1(C1)>T1(C2) where, in equation 4, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound and T1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound.

[0039] In the organic light-emitting device further satisfying Equation 4, all of the triplet excitons moving from the dopant to the first compound can be transferred to the second compound or the dopant, thereby improving the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device.

[0040] In one embodiment, the auxiliary layer can be arranged between the anode and the emission layer. In this embodiment, an emission zone (or a recombination zone) of the organic light-emitting device can be inclined toward the anode.

[0041] When the auxiliary layer is disposed between the anode and the emission layer, the emission layer may further include a host, and the dopant and the host may further satisfy Equation 5, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto: HOMO(D)>HOMO(H) where, in equation 5, HOMO(D) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a molecule of the dopant and HOMO(H) is a highest energy level of the host.

[0042] In this case, the hole mobility of the host can be significantly large compared to the electron mobility of the host, or the hole mobility of the dopant can be significantly large compared to the electron mobility of the dopant.

[0043] In this regard, the dopant may be a heteroleptic iridium compound or a homoleptic iridium compound, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the auxiliary layer may be arranged between the cathode and the emission layer. In this embodiment, an emission zone (or a recombination zone) of the organic light-emitting device may be inclined toward the cathode.

[0045] When the auxiliary layer is disposed between the cathode and the emission layer, the emission layer may further include a host, and the dopant and the host may further satisfy Equation 6, but embodiments of the following disclosure are not limited thereto: HOMO(D) <HOMO(H) where, in equation 6, HOMO(D) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a molecule of the dopant and HOMO(H) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a host molecule.

[0046] In this case, the electron mobility of the host can be significantly large compared to the hole mobility of the host, or the electron mobility of the dopant can be significantly large compared to the hole mobility of the dopant.

[0047] In this regard, the dopant may be an iridium compound or a platinum compound, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0048] For example, a weight ratio of the first compound to the second compound may be 10:90 to 5:95, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0049] For example, the dopant may contain a transition metal. In this respect, the dopant may emit phosphorescence through the transition of a transition metal ligand.

[0050] In one embodiment, the dopant may be represented by Formula 1, however, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto: M 11 (L 11 ) n11 (L 12 ) n12 formula 1 where, in formulas 1 and 1A, M 11can be selected from a transition metal of the first row of the periodic table of the elements, a transition metal of the second row of the periodic table of the elements and a transition metal of the third row of the periodic table of the elements; L 11 can be selected from ligands represented by formula 1A, and n11 can be 1, 2 or 3, L 12 can be an organic ligand and n12 can be an integer from 0 to 4, X 11 to X 14 each independently of each other can be N or C, X 11 and X 12 can be linked to each other via a single bond or a double bond and X 13 and X 14 can be linked to each other via a single bond or a double bond, A 11 and A 12 each independently a carbocyclic C5-C 60 -group or a heterocyclic C1-C 60-group can be Y 11 a single bond, O, S, C(=O), N(Z 13 ), C(Z 13 )(Z 14 ), C(Z 13 )=C(Z 14 ) or C(Z 13 ) can be Y 11 and X 12 can be linked to each other via a single bond or a double bond and Y 11 and X 13 can be linked to each other via a single bond or a double bond, Z 11 and Z 12 each independently of each other can be a single bond, O or S, R 11 and R 12 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20-alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Z 15 )(Z 16 )(Z 17 ), -N(Z 15 )(Z 16 ), -B(Z 15 )(Z 16), -C(=O(Z 15 ), -S(=O)2(Z 15 ) and -P(=O)(Z 15 (Z 16 ), where two adjacent groups of R 11 and R 12 optionally reacting with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C5C 30 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 30 -group can be linked, Z 13 and Z 14 each independently hydrogen, deuterium, a C1-C 20 alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group or a naphthyl group, Z 15 to Z 17 each independently selected from a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a C6-C 20 -aryl group and a C1-C 20 -heteroaryl group, two, three or four adjacent groups of a plurality of R 11 and R 12 may optionally be linked to each other to form a tetradentate, hexadentate or octadentate ligand, b1 and b2 can each independently be an integer from 0 to 10 and * and *' each have a binding site to M 11 in Formula 1.

[0051] In one or more embodiments, the dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0052] For example, ΔE STof the first compound must be greater than or equal to 0.2 eV. Considering that the first compound has a smaller lowest energy level of an excited triplet and a larger lowest energy level of an excited singlet than the dopant and that the first compound emits blue phosphorescence, ΔE ST of the dopant must be at least 0.2 eV. Therefore, equations 1 and 2 are satisfied if ΔE ST of the first compound is greater than or equal to 0.2 eV.

[0053] In addition, a decay constant (Kr) of the radial velocity of the first connection less than or equal to 10 8 s -1 However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first compound may be represented by Formula 2, however, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto: wherein, in Formula 2, X 21can be selected from N and C(R 21 ), X 22 can be selected from N and C(R 22 ), X 23 can be selected from N and C(R 23 ), X 24 can be selected from N and C(R 24 ) and X 25 can be selected from N and C(R 25 ), where at least one of X 21 to X 25 N can be Y 21 can be selected from a single bond, O, S, N(Z 21 ) and C(Z 21 )(Z 22 ); Y 22 can be selected from a single bond, O, S, N(Z 23 ) and C(Z 23 )(Z 24 ); Y 23 can be selected from a single bond, O, S, N(Z 25 ) and C(Z 25 )(Z 26 ); k21 to k23 can each be independently selected from 0, 1 and 2, wherein when k21 is 0, Y 21 is not present when k22 is 0, Y 22is not present, and if k23 is 0, Y 23 is not present, L 21 may be selected from an unsubstituted or substituted carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group and an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic C1-C 60 -Group; a21 can be selected from 0, 1, 2 and 3; R 21 to R 28 and Z 21 to Z 26 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60-alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60-Heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), - C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) and -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2), where two adjacent groups of R 21 to R 28 optionally reacting with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C6-C 30 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 30 -group can be linked, b26 can be selected from 1, 2, 3 and 4; b27 and b28 can each be independently selected from 1, 2 and 3; and Q1 to Q3 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 40 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60-heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group and a terphenyl group.

[0055] For example, in Formula 2, the sum of k21 to k23 may be 2 or 3, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0056] For example, in Formula 2, Y 21 be selected from a single bond and C(Z 21 )(Z 22 ); can Y 22 be selected from a single bond and C(Z 23 )(Z 24 ); and can Y 23 be selected from a single bond and C(Z 25 )(Z 26 ), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0057] In one or more embodiments, the first compound may be selected from the following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0058] In one embodiment, the second compound may satisfy both equations 7 and 8-1 or both equations 7 and 8-2, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto: S1(C2) <T2(C2) K(T2→T1)< <K(T2→S1) K(T2→S0)< <K(T2→S1) where, in equations 7, 8-1 and 8-2, S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound, T2(C2) is a second energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound, K(T2→T1) is a transition rate constant from the second energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound to the lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound, K(T2→S0) is a transition rate constant from the second energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound to the ground energy level of a singlet of the second compound, and K(T2→S1) is a transition rate constant from the second energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound to the lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound.

[0059] Whether Equations 8-1 and 8-2 are satisfied or not can be theoretically predicted from the presence or absence of tail formation in a transient electroluminescence (EL) spectrum of the second compound.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, the second compound may be represented by Formula 3, however, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto: wherein, in Formula 3, X 31 and X 32may each be independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; R 31 to R 38 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60-alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60-heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(O1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) and -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2); and Q1 to Q3 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 40 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60-aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60 -heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group and a terphenyl group.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, the second compound may be selected from the following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0062] In one embodiment, a thickness of the auxiliary layer may be 3 nm (30 Å) to 10 nm (100 Å). In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the auxiliary layer may be 5 nm (50 Å) to 10 nm (100 Å), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. When the thickness nm (Å) of the auxiliary layer is within the above-mentioned ranges, the organic light-emitting device can have a long lifetime and improved efficiency without increasing the drive voltage. [Anode 110]

[0063] The anode 110 may be formed by depositing or sputtering a material for forming the anode 110 on the substrate. The material for forming the anode 110 may be selected from materials with a high work function to facilitate hole injection.

[0064] The anode 110 can be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a translucent electrode. In one embodiment, to form a translucent electrode, the material for forming the anode 110 can be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combination thereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, to form a semi-transparent or a reflective electrode, the material for forming the anode 110 can be selected from magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), and any combination thereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0065] The anode 110 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure comprising two or more layers. For example, the anode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0066] The organic layer 150 is disposed on the anode 110. The organic layer 150 may further include a hole conduction region (not shown) between the anode 110 and the emission layer and an electron conduction region (not shown) between the emission layer and the cathode 190. [Organic Layer 150]

[0067] The organic layer 150 is disposed on the anode 110. The organic layer 150 includes an emission layer and an auxiliary layer.

[0068] The organic layer 150 may further include a hole conduction region between the anode 110 and the emission layer and an electron conduction region between the emission layer and the cathode 190. [Hole conduction region in the organic layer]

[0069] The hole conduction region may comprise i) a single-layer structure having a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layer structure having a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0070] The hole conduction region may include at least one layer selected from a hole injection layer, a hole conduction layer, an emission assist layer, and an electron blocking layer.

[0071] For example, the hole conduction region may have a single-layer structure including a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or a multi-layer structure including a hole injection layer / hole conduction layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole conduction layer / assisted emission layer structure, a hole injection layer / assisted emission layer structure, a hole conduction layer / assisted emission layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole conduction layer / electron barrier layer structure, with layers in each structure stacked on the anode 110 in this specified order, but the structure of the hole conduction region is not limited thereto.

[0072] The hole-conducting region may include at least one selected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), CzSi, TCTA, a compound represented by Formula 201, and a compound represented by Formula 202: where, in formulas 201 and 202, L 201 to L 204 each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 1Q -cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 -heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, L 205 can be selected from *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 -alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 -alkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10-heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, xa1 to xa4 can each independently be an integer from 0 to 3, xa5 can be an integer from 1 to 10 and R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10-heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0073] For example, in Formula 202, R 201 and R 202 optionally linked to each other via a single bond, a dimethylmethylene group or a diphenylmethylene group and can be R 203 and R 204 may optionally be linked to one another via a single bond, a dimethylmethylene group or a diphenylmethylene group.

[0074] In one embodiment, in formulas 201 and 202,

[0075] L 201 to L 205 each be independently selected from: a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group,a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group and a pyridinylene group; and, a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group,a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group and a pyridinylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group which is substituted with a C1-C 40-alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with -F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, a isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group,a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, - Si(Q, 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ) and -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 31 to Q 33 each independently selected from a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group.

[0076] In one or more embodiments, xa1 to xa4 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, xa5 may be 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0078] In one or more embodiments, R 201 to R 204 and Q 201each independently selected from: a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, a isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group,a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group and a pyridinyl group; and, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group,a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group which is substituted with a C1-C 40-alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with -F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, a isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group,a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, - Si(Q, 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ) and -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 31 to Q 33 can each be equal to that described above.

[0079] In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from R 201 to R 203 in formula 201, each independently selected from: a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group which is substituted with a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with -F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group and a dibenzothiophenyl group, However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, i) R 201 and R 202 be linked to each other via a single bond and / or ii) R 203 and R 204 be linked together by a single bond. In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from R 201 to R 204 in formula 202, each independently selected from: a carbazolyl group; and a carbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20-alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group which is substituted with a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with -F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group and a dibenzothiophenyl group, However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0080] In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 can be represented by Formula 201A:

[0081] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A(1), however, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0082] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A-1, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0083] In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 can be represented by Formula 202A:

[0084] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 202 can be represented by Formula 202A-1:

[0085] In formulas 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A and 202A-1

[0086] L 201 to L 203 , xa1 to xa3, xa5 and R 202 to R 204 be equal to that described above,

[0087] R 211 and R 212 each equal to that in connection with R 203 Described, and

[0088] R 213 to R 217each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group which is substituted with a C1-C 40-alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with -F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, a isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group,a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group and a pyridinyl group.

[0089] The hole conduction region may include at least one compound selected from compounds HT1 to HT39, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0090] A thickness of the hole conducting region may be about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 1,000 nm (about 10,000 Å), e.g., about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 100 nm (about 1,000 Å). When the hole conducting region includes at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole conducting layer, a thickness of the hole injection layer may be about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 900 nm (about 9,000 Å), e.g., about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 100 nm (about 1,000 Å), and a thickness of the hole conducting layer may be about 5 nm (about 50 Å) to about 200 nm (about 2,000 Å), e.g., B. about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 150 nm (about 1,500 Å). If the thicknesses of the hole conduction region, the hole injection layer, and the hole conduction layer are within these ranges, satisfactory hole conduction properties can be achieved without a significant increase in the drive voltage. [p-dopant]

[0091] In addition to these materials, the hole-conducting region may further contain a charge-generation material to improve the conductivity properties. The charge-generation material may be dispersed homogeneously or inhomogeneously in the hole-conducting region.

[0092] The charge generation material can, for example, be a p-dopant.

[0093] In one embodiment, the p-dopant may have an energy level of a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of less than or equal to -3.5 eV.

[0094] The p-type dopant may include at least one selected from a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and a cyano group-containing compound, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0095] For example, the p-dopant may include at least one selected from: a quinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ); a metal oxide, such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide; 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN); and a compound represented by formula 221, However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:wherein, in Formula 221, R 221 to R 223 each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10-heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and at least one selected from R 221 to R 223 , may have at least one substituent selected from a cyano group, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group substituted with -F, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group substituted with -Cl, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group substituted with -Br and a C1-C 20 -alkyl group substituted with -I. [Emission layer in the organic layer 150]

[0096] When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organic light-emitting device, the emission layer may be structured as a red emission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer depending on a subpixel. In one embodiment, the emission layer may have a stacked structure in which two or more layers selected from a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer are in contact with each other or separated from each other. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may have a structure in which two or more materials selected from a red phosphor, a green phosphor, and a blue phosphor are mixed together in a single layer to emit white light.

[0097] The emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include at least one of a phosphorescent dopant and a fluorescent dopant.

[0098] An amount of the dopant in the emission layer may range from about 0.0115 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on about 100 parts by weight of the host, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0099] The thickness of the emission layer may be about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 100 nm (about 1,000 Å), for example, about 20 nm (about 200 Å) to about 60 nm (about 600 Å). When the thickness of the emission layer is within these ranges, excellent luminous properties can be achieved without a significant increase in the driving voltage. [Host in the emission layer]

[0100] In one embodiment, the host may include a compound represented by Formula 301: [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 Formula 301 where, in formula 301, Ar 301 a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 60 -group can be xb11 can be 1, 2 or 3, L 301 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60-arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, xb1 can be an integer from 0 to 5, R 301 can be selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10-cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 ), -N(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -B(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), - C(=O)(Q 301 ), -S(=O)2(Q 301 ) and -P(=O)(Q301 )(Q 302 ), and xb21 can be an integer from 1 to 5, where Q 301 to Q 303 each independently selected from a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0101] In one embodiment, Ar 301 in Formula 301 be selected from: a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group; and a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, - Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and - P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 31 to Q 33 each independently selected from a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0102] If xb11 in formula 301 is 2 or more, two or more of Ar 301 (s) are linked to each other by a single bond.

[0103] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 301 can be represented by Formula 301-1 or 301-2: wherein, in Formulas 301-1 and 301-2, A 301 to A 304can each be independently selected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a phenanthrene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, an indene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, an indole group, a carbazole group, a benzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, a dibenzofuran group, a naphthofuran group, a benzonaphthofuran group, a dinaphthofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene group, a naphthothiophene group, a benzonaphthothiophene group, and a dinaphthothiophene group, X 301 O, S or N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ] can be

[0104] R 311 to R 314can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, - Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and - P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), xb22 and xb23 can each independently be 0, 1 or 2, L 301 , xb1, R 301 and Q 31 to Q 33 may be equal to that described above, L 302 to L 304 each independently equal to that in conjunction with L 301 Described may be xb2 to xb4 can each independently be equal to that described in connection with xb1 and R 302 to R 304 each independently equal to that in conjunction with R 301 described may be.

[0105] In one embodiment, L 301 to L 304 in formulas 301, 301-1 and 301-2 each independently selected from: a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20-alkyl group, a C1-C 20-alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, -Si(Q, 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 34 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and - P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 31 to Q 33 can each be equal to that described above.

[0106] In one or more embodiments, R 301 to R 304 in formulas 301, 301-1 and 301-2 each independently selected from: a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group; and, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20-alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, -Si(Q, 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and - P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 31 to Q 33 can each be equal to that described above.

[0107] In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. In one or more embodiments, the host may be selected from a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, and a Zn complex.

[0108] In one or more embodiments, the host may include at least one selected from 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butylanthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), bis(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)diphenylsilane (BCPDS), 4-(1-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)cyclohexyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphine oxide (POPCPA), and compounds H1 to H55, however, embodiments of the This disclosure is not limited to: [Phosphorescent dopant contained in the emission layer in the organic layer 150]

[0109] The phosphorescent dopant may include the compound represented by formula 1.

[0110] [Fluorescent dopant contained in the emission layer in the organic layer 150]

[0111] The fluorescent dopant may include an arylamine compound or a styrylamine compound.

[0112] The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 501:wherein, in Formula 501, Ar 501 a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 60 -group can be L 501 to L 503 each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10-cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 16 -cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, xd1 to xd3 can each independently be an integer from 0 to 3, R 501 and R 502 each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10-heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and xd4 can be an integer from 1 to 6.

[0113] In one embodiment, Ar 501 in Formula 501 be selected from: a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrene group; and a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group.

[0114] In one or more embodiments, L 501 to L 503in formula 501 each independently selected from: a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group; and a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group and a pyridinylene group, each of which is substituted by at least one is selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group,a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group and a pyridinyl group.

[0115] In one or more embodiments, R 501and R 502 in formula 501 each independently selected from: a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group; and a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group,a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group and - Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), where Q 31 to Q 33can be selected from a C1-C 16 -alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group.

[0116] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in formula 501 may be 2, however, embodiments of the present disclosure are not so limited.

[0117] In one embodiment, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the compounds FD1 to FD22:

[0118] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. [Electron conduction region in the organic layer 150]

[0119] The electron conduction region may comprise i) a single-layer structure having a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layer structure having a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0120] The electron conduction region may include at least one layer selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron conduction layer, and an electron injection layer, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0121] For example, the electron conduction region may comprise an electron conduction layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron conduction layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron conduction layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron conduction layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein the layers in each structure are stacked on the emission layer, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0122] The electron conduction region (e.g., a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron conduction layer in the electron conduction region) may include a metal-free compound containing a π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring.

[0123] The “π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring” indicates a heterocyclic C1-C 60-group with at least one *-N=*'-part as a ring-forming part.

[0124] For example, the “-rr-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring” may be i) a 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one *-N=*' moiety, ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups each having at least one *-N=*' moiety are condensed together, or iii) a heteropolycyclic group in which at least one of 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups each having at least one *-N=*' moiety is condensed with at least one carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group are condensed.

[0125] Examples of the π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring include an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, an oxazole ring, an isoxazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyridazine ring, an indazole ring, a purine ring, a quinoline ring, an isoquinoline ring, a benzoquinoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a naphthyridine ring, a quinoxaline ring, a quinazoline ring, a cinnoline ring, a phenanthridine ring, an acridine ring, a phenanthroline ring, a phenazine ring, a benzimidazole ring, an isobenzothiazole ring, a benzoxazole ring, an isobenzoxazole ring, a triazole ring, a tetrazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazine ring, a thiadiazole ring, an imidazopyridine ring, a Imidazopyrimidine ring and an azacarbazole ring.

[0126] In one embodiment, the electron conduction region may include a compound represented by Formula 601: [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R601 ] xe21 Formula 601 where, in formula 601, Ar 601 a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 60 -group can be xe11 can be 1, 2 or 3, L 601 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60-heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, xe1 can be an integer from 0 to 5, R 601 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60-heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602 )(Q 603 ), -C(=O)(Q 601 ), -S(=O)2(Q 661 ) and - P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ), Q 601 to Q 603 each independently a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group or a naphthyl group and xe21 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0127] In one embodiment, at least one of Ar 601 (s) in the number of xe11 and R 601 (s) in the number of xe21 include the π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring.

[0128] In one or more embodiments, Ar601 in formula 601 be selected from: a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, an acridine group,a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzimidazole group, an isobenzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group and an azacarbazole group; and, a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, an acridine group,a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzimidazole group, an isobenzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group and an azacarbazole group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and - P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 31 to Q 33 each independently selected from a C1-C 10-alkyl group, a C1-C 10 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group.

[0129] If xe11 in formula 601 is 2 or more, two or more of Ar 601 (s) are linked to each other by a single bond.

[0130] In one or more embodiments, Ar 601 in formula 601 be an anthracene group.

[0131] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 601 can be represented by Formula 601-1: wherein, in Formula 601-1, X 614 N or C(R 614 ) can be X 615 N or C(R 615 ) and X 616 N or C(R 616 ), where at least one of X 614 to X 616 N can be L 611 to L 613 each independently equal to that in conjunction with L 601Described may be xe611 to xe613 can each independently be equal to that described in connection with xe1, R 611 to R 613 each independently equal to that in conjunction with R 601 described may be, and R 614 to R 616 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group and a naphthyl group.

[0132] In one embodiment, L 601 and L 611 to L 613 in formulas 601 and 601-1 each independently selected from: a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spirobifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20-alkyl group, a C1-C 20-alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group and an azacarbazolyl group, However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0133] In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in formulas 601 and 601-1 can each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0134] In one or more embodiments, R 601 and R 611 to R 613 in formulas 601 and 601-1 each independently selected from: a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group and an azacarbazolyl group; a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C, 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20-alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group; and, -S(=O)2(Q 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ), where Q 601 and Q 602 can each be equal to that described above.

[0135] In one embodiment, the electron conduction region may include at least one compound selected from compounds ET1 to ET36, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0136] In one or more embodiments, the electron conduction region may include at least one compound selected from 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), NTAZ, and diphenyl(4-(triphenylsilyl)phenyl)phosphine oxide (TSPO1):

[0137] Thicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole-blocking layer, and the electron-controlling layer can each independently range from about 2 nm (about 20 Å) to about 100 nm (about 1,000 Å), for example, from about 3 nm (about 30 Å) to about 30 nm (about 300 Å). When the thicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole-blocking layer, and the electron-controlling layer are within these ranges, excellent hole-blocking properties or excellent electron-controlling properties can be achieved without a significant increase in the drive voltage.

[0138] The thickness of the electron conduction layer may be about 10 nm (about 100 Å) to about 100 nm (about 1,000 Å), for example, about 15 nm (about 150 Å) to about 50 nm (about 500 Å). When the thickness of the electron conduction layer is within these ranges, satisfactory electron conduction properties can be achieved without a significant increase in the drive voltage.

[0139] The electron conduction region (e.g., the electron conduction layer in the electron conduction region) may further include a metal-containing material in addition to the materials described above.

[0140] The metal-containing material may include at least one selected from an alkali metal complex and an alkaline earth metal complex. The alkali metal complex may include a metal ion selected from a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, an Rb ion, and a Cs ion, and the alkaline earth metal complex may include a metal ion selected from a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Sr ion, and a Ba ion.A ligand that coordinates to the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or the alkaline earth metal complex may be selected from a hydroxyquinoline, a hydroxyisoquinoline, a hydroxybenzoquinoline, a hydroxyacridine, a hydroxyphenanthridine, a hydroxyphenyloxazole, a hydroxyphenylthiazole, a hydroxydiphenyloxadiazole, a hydroxydiphenylthiadiazole, a hydroxyphenylpyridine, a hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, a hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, a bipyridine, a phenanthroline, and a cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0141] For example, the metal-containing material may contain a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (lithium quinolate, LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0142] The electron conduction region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the cathode 190. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the cathode 190.

[0143] The electron injection layer may comprise i) a single-layer structure having a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layer structure having a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0144] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0145] The alkali metal may be selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In one embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In one or more embodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0146] The alkaline earth metal can be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba.

[0147] The rare earth metal can be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb and Gd.

[0148] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound and the rare earth metal compound may be selected from oxides and halides (e.g. fluorides, chlorides, bromides or iodides) of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal and the rare earth metal.

[0149] The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides, such as Li2O, Cs2O, or K2O, and alkali metal halides, such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, or K1. For example, the alkali metal compound may be selected from LiF, Li2O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and K1, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0150] The alkaline earth metal compound can be made from alkaline earth metal oxides such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (0 <x<1) oder Ba x Ca 1-xO (0 <x<1), ausgewählt sein. Beispielsweise kann die Erdalkalimetallverbindung aus BaO, SrO und CaO ausgewählt sein, jedoch sind Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Offenbarung nicht darauf beschränkt.

[0151] The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, ScO3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, and TbF3. For example, the rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, TbF3, Yb13, Sc13, and Tb13, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0152] The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, and the rare earth metal complex may include an ion of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and rare earth metal as described above, and a ligand coordinated to a metal ion of the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, or the rare earth metal complex may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiphenyloxadiazole, hydroxydiphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, and cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0153] The electron-injection layer may consist of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof, as described above. In one or more embodiments, the electron-injection layer may further comprise an organic material. If the electron-injection layer further comprises an organic material, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof, it may be dispersed homogeneously or inhomogeneously in a matrix containing the organic material.

[0154] The thickness of the electron injection layer may be about 0.1 nm (about 1 Å) to about 10 nm (about 100 Å), for example, about 0.3 nm (about 3 Å) to about 9 nm (about 90 Å). When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within these ranges, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be achieved without a significant increase in the drive voltage. [Cathode 190]

[0155] The cathode 190 is disposed on the organic layer 150 having such a structure. The cathode 190 is an electron injection electrode, and in this regard, a material for forming the cathode 190 may be selected from a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a combination thereof, which have a relatively low work function.

[0156] The cathode 190 may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ITO, and IZO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The cathode 190 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0157] The cathode 190 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure having two or more layers.

[0158] In one embodiment, the organic light-emitting device 10 may further include a first cap layer and / or a second cap layer. Specifically, the organic light-emitting device 10 may have a structure in which the first cap layer, the anode 110, the organic layer 150, and the cathode 190 are stacked together, a structure in which the anode 110, the organic layer 150, the cathode 190, and the second cap layer are stacked together, or a structure in which the first cap layer, the anode 110, the organic layer 150, the cathode 190, and the second cap layer are stacked together.

[0159] The anode 110, the organic layer 150 and the cathode 190 may each be the same as in connection with Fig. 1 described.

[0160] Light generated in the emission layer of the organic layer of the light-emitting device can be extracted to the outside through the anode, which is a semi-transparent electrode or a transparent electrode, and the first cover layer, or light generated in the emission layer of the organic layer of the light-emitting device can be extracted to the outside through the cathode, which is a semi-transparent electrode or a transparent electrode, and the second cover layer.

[0161] The first cap layer and the second cap layer can increase the external luminescence efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference.

[0162] The first cover layer and the second cover layer may each independently be an organic cover layer containing an organic material, an inorganic cover layer containing an inorganic material, or a composite cover layer containing an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0163] At least one of the first cover layer and the second cover layer may each independently include at least one material selected from a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amine-based compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, and an alkaline earth metal-based complex. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amine-based compound may optionally be substituted with a substituent containing at least one element selected from O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, and I. In one embodiment, at least one of the first cover layer and the second cover layer may each independently include an amine-based compound.

[0164] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include the compound represented by Formula 201 or the compound represented by Formula 202.

[0165] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first cap layer and the second cap layer may each independently include a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds HT28 to HT33 and compounds CP1 to CP5, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. [Manufacturing process]

[0166] Respective layers included in the hole conduction region, the emission layer, and respective layers included in the electron conduction region may be formed in a particular region using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermography.

[0167] When layers forming the hole conduction region, the emission layer and the electron conduction region are formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition may be carried out at a deposition temperature in a range of about 100 °C to about 500 °C, a vacuum degree in a range of about 10 -8 Torr to about 10 -3Torr and a deposition rate in a range of about 0.001 nm / s (about 0.01 Å / s) to about 10 nm / s (about 100 Å / s) depending on a material to be contained in a layer to be formed and the structure of a layer to be formed.

[0168] When respective layers included in the hole conduction region, the emission layer, and respective layers included in the electron conduction region are formed by spin coating, the spin coating may be performed at a coating speed in a range of about 2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and at a heat treatment temperature in a range of about 80°C to 200°C in consideration of a material to be included in a layer to be formed and the structure of a layer to be formed.

[0169] Fig.Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a full-color organic light-emitting device 20 according to one embodiment. Only differences from the organic light-emitting device 10 are described in more detail below.

[0170] Related to Fig.2, the organic light-emitting device 20 includes: a substrate divided into a first subpixel region, a second subpixel region, and a third subpixel region; a plurality of anodes 221, 222, and 223 arranged on each of the first subpixel region, the second subpixel region, and the third subpixel region of the substrate 210; a cathode 280 facing the plurality of anodes 221, 222, and 223;and an organic layer disposed between the plurality of anodes 221, 222, and 223 and the cathode 280, comprising a first emission layer 261, a second emission layer 262, and a third emission layer 263, which are respectively disposed on the first subpixel region, the second subpixel region, and the third subpixel region of the substrate 210, wherein the organic layer includes an auxiliary layer disposed on the first subpixel region, the first emission layer includes a dopant, the auxiliary layer includes a first compound and a second compound, the dopant emits light and both the first compound and the second compound do not emit light, and the dopant, the first compound, and the second compound satisfy Equations 1 to 3:; T1(D)>T1(C1) S1(D)>S1(C1) S1(C1)>S1(C2) where, in equations 1 to 3, T1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the dopant, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound, S1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the dopant, S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound.

[0171] For example, the organic layer may further include an auxiliary layer on both the second subpixel region and the third subpixel region of the substrate, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0172] Here, the first emission layer may emit blue phosphorescence, the second emission layer may emit green phosphorescence, and the third emission layer may emit red phosphorescence, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. [General definition of substituents]

[0173] The expression “C1-C 60 -Alkyl group" as used herein refers to a linear or branched aliphatic saturated monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an isoamyl group, and a hexyl group. The term "C1-C 60 -Alkylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C1-C 60 -alkyl group.

[0174] The term “C2-C 60 -Alkenyl group" as used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon bond in the middle or at the end of the C2-C 60 -alkyl group, and examples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and a butenyl group. The term "C2-C 60 -alkenylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C2-C 60 -alkenyl group.

[0175] The term “C2-C 60 -Alkynyl group" as used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the end of the C2-C 60 -alkyl group, and examples thereof include an ethynyl group and a propynyl group. The term "C2-C 60-alkynylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C2-C 60 -alkynyl group.

[0176] The expression “C1-C 60 -Alkoxy group" as used herein refers to a monovalent group substituted by -OA 101 is shown (where A 101 the C1-C 60 -alkyl group), and examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and an isopropyloxy group.

[0177] The term “C3-C 10 -Cycloalkyl group" as used herein refers to a monovalent saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. The term "C3-C 10-Cycloalkylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group.

[0178] The expression “C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkyl group" as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as the ring-forming atom, and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, and a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term "C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkyl group.

[0179] The term “C3-C 10-Cycloalkenyl group" as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and no aromaticity, and examples thereof include a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. The term "C3-C 10 -Cycloalkenylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C3-C 10 -Cycloalkenyl group.

[0180] The expression “C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkenyl group" as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond on its ring. Examples of the C1-C 10-Heterocycloalkenyl group include a 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl group, a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group, and a 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term "C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkenylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with the same structure as the C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkenyl group.

[0181] The term “C6-C 60 -aryl group” refers, as used herein, to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system with 6 to 60 carbon atoms and the term “C6-C 60 -arylene group" refers, as used herein, to a divalent group with a carbocyclic aromatic system containing 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Examples of the C6-C 60 -aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group. If the C6-C 60 -aryl group and the C6-C60 -arylene group each contain two or more rings, the two or more rings may be condensed together.

[0182] The expression “C1-C 60 -Heteroaryl group" as used herein refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system which has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term "C1-C 60 -Heteroarylene group" as used herein refers to a divalent group with a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. Examples of the C1-C 60-Heteroaryl group includes a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group. If the C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group and the C1-C 60 -Heteroarylene group each contain two or more rings, the two or more rings may be condensed together.

[0183] The term “C6-C 60 -aryloxy group" in the sense used here gives -OA 102 on (where A 102 the C6-C 60 -aryl group) and the term “C6-C 60 -arylthio group" in the sense used here gives -SA 103 on (where A 103 the C6-C 60 -aryl group).

[0184] The expression “C1-C 60 -Heteroaryloxy group" in the sense used here - OA 104 on (where A 104 the C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group) and the term “C1-C 60-Heteroarylthio group" in the sense used here indicates -SA 105 on (where A 105 the C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group).

[0185] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) with two or more fused rings, containing only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms, and having no aromaticity in its overall molecular structure. An example of a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group includes a fluorenyl group. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group with the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0186] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms) having two or more fused rings, at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S, atoms other than carbon as the ring-forming atom, and no aromaticity in its overall molecular structure. An example of a monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group includes a carbazolyl group. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic heterofused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a monovalent non-aromatic heterofused polycyclic group.

[0187] The term “carbocyclic C6-C 60As used herein, the term "group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group containing only carbon as the ring-forming atom and consisting of 5 to 60 carbon atoms. The carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group can be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. The carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group may be a ring, such as benzene, a monovalent group, such as a phenyl group, or a divalent group, such as a phenylene group. In one or more embodiments, the carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group depending on the number of carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group may be a trivalent group or a tetravalent group.

[0188] The term “heterocyclic C1-C 60 -group” as used herein refers to a group with the same structure as the carbocyclic C6-C 60-group, except that at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P and S is used as the ring-forming atom, in addition to carbon (the number of carbon atoms can range from 1 to 60).

[0189] At least one substituent of the substituted carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group, the substituted heterocyclic C1-C 60 -group, the substituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkylene group, the substituted C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C6-C 60 -arylene group, the substituted C1-C 60 -heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C1-C 60-alkyl group, the substituted C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, the substituted C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, the substituted C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, the substituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, the substituted C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C1-C 10 -Heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, the substituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, the substituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, the substituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, the substituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C1-C 60 -Heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group can be selected from: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group and a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group; a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group and a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60-arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60 -Heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), - N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=O)(Q 11 ), -S(=O)2(Q 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ); a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60-heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C4-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60-Heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60-Heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), - N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=O)(Q 21 ), -S(=O)2(Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ); and -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and - P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 can each be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C4-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 16 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60 -heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F and a cyano group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F and a cyano group, a biphenyl group and a terphenyl group.

[0190] The term “Ph” as used herein refers to a phenyl group, the term “Me” as used herein refers to a methyl group, the term “Et” as used herein refers to an ethyl group, the term “ter-Bu” or “Bu t “ refers to a tert-butyl group and the term “OMe” refers to a methoxy group as used herein.

[0191] The term “biphenyl group” as used herein refers to “a phenyl group substituted with a phenyl group.” In other words, the “biphenyl group” is a substituted phenyl group having a C6-C 60 -aryl group as substituent.

[0192] The term "terphenyl group" as used herein refers to "a phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group." In other words, the "terphenyl group" is a substituted phenyl group having a C6-C 60-aryl group which is bonded to a C6-C 60 -aryl group as substituents.

[0193] Unless otherwise defined, * and *' as used herein each refer to a bonding site to a neighboring atom in a corresponding formula.

[0194] Below, a compound according to embodiments and an organic light-emitting device according to embodiments are described in more detail with reference to synthesis examples and examples. The phrase "B was used instead of A" used in the description of synthesis examples refers to the fact that an identical molar equivalent of B was used instead of A. [Examples]

[0195] Evaluation example 1: Measurement of the lowest energy level of an excited triplet (T1) and the lowest energy level of an excited singlet (S1)

[0196] The lowest energy level of an excited triplet and the lowest energy level of an excited singlet were measured using the procedures described above and the results are given in Table 1: Table 1 T1(eV) S1 (eV) Connection 101 2,70 2,77 Connection 102 2,68 2,85 Connection 103 2,69 2,76 Connection 201 2,47 2,78 Connection 202 2,55 2,86 Connection 301 1,74 2,94 Connection 302 1,74 2,87 Connection 303 1,74 2,88 Connection 304 1,74 2,88 Evaluation example 2: Measurement of the transient EL spectrum of the second compound

[0197] The transient EL spectra of compounds 301 to 304 were measured and the results are shown in Fig. 4 shown.

[0198] Related to Fig. 4, it was confirmed that compounds 301 to 304 satisfy equations 7, 8-1 and 8-2. Example 1

[0199] An ITO glass substrate (anode) from Corning with 15 Ω / cm 2(120 nm (1,200 Å)) was cut to a size of 50 mm × 50 mm × 0.7 mm, sonicated with isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 30 minutes. The ITO glass substrate was then provided to a vacuum deposition device.

[0200] HATCN and NPD were vacuum deposited on the glass substrate in a volume ratio of 5:95 to form a hole injection layer with a thickness of 10 nm (about 100 Å), and then NPD was vacuum deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole conduction layer with a thickness of 30 nm (300 Å).

[0201] Ortho-CBP (host) and compound 103 (dopant) were co-deposited on the hole transport layer in a weight ratio of 90:10 to form an emission layer with a thickness of 20 nm (200 Å).

[0202] Compound 201 and compound 304 were co-deposited on the hole transport layer in a volume ratio of 10:90 to form an auxiliary layer with a thickness of 3 nm (30 Å).

[0203] Next, BPyPmB was vacuum-deposited onto the auxiliary layer to form an electron conduction layer with a thickness of 30 nm (300 Å). LiQ was vacuum-deposited onto the electron conduction layer to form an electron injection layer with a thickness of 1 nm (10 Å), and Al was vacuum-deposited onto the electron injection layer to form a cathode with a thickness of 10 nm (100 Å), completing the fabrication of an organic light-emitting device. Example 2

[0204] An organic light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the thickness of the emission layer was 30 nm (300 Å). Examples 3 to 5

[0205] Organic light-emitting devices were fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first junction and the second junction of the auxiliary layer were changed as shown in Table 2. Comparison example 1

[0206] An organic light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the auxiliary layer was not formed. Evaluation example 3

[0207] The EL spectrum, current efficiency and lifetime of the organic light-emitting devices prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 were measured using a Keithley SMU 236 and a PR650 luminance meter, and the results are shown in Table 2 and the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. The life span (T 95) is the time it takes for the luminance (at 1000 nits) to decay to 95% of the initial luminance (100%) after operation of an organic light-emitting device. Here, the values for the TTA decay rate and TPQ decay rate are obtained by quantitatively comparing the proportion by taking the degree of luminance decay over time from the equation X below: dN(x,t)dt=N(x,t0)−N(x,t)(1τ−kTPAQ(x,t)−12kTTAN(x,t)) Table 2 Emission layer auxiliary layer Power efficiency (cd / A) T 95 (h) TTA (%) TPQ (%) Dopant First connection (want connection Example 1 103 201 304 29 28 5 2,8 Example 2 103 201 304 29,3 40 3 1,6 Example 3 103 202 303 28,9 39 4 2,0 Example 4 103 202 304 29,8 35 4 2,2 Example 5 103 203 303 29,7 37 4 2,1 Comparison example 1 103 No 32 15 11 9

[0208] Referring to Table 2, it was confirmed that the organic light-emitting devices of Examples 1 and 2 had a significantly longer lifetime (specifically, improvement of about 52% and 73%, respectively) than the organic light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1 and had a similar current efficiency to the organic light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1.

[0209] In addition, it was confirmed that the auxiliary layer of the organic light-emitting device of Example 1 satisfying Equation 2 did not emit light, but that the auxiliary layer of the organic light-emitting device of Comparative Example 2 satisfying Equation 2 did emit light.

Claims

[1] Organic lighting device (10) comprising: an anode (110); a cathode (190) facing the anode (110); and an organic layer (150) arranged between the anode (110) and the cathode (190), which comprises an emission layer and an auxiliary layer, wherein the emission layer is in direct contact with the auxiliary layer, the emission layer comprises a dopant, the auxiliary layer comprises a first compound and a second compound, wherein the dopant emits light and both the first connection and the second connection do not emit any light and the dopant, the first compound and the second compound satisfy equations 1 to 3: T1(D)>T1(C1) S1(D) <S1(C1) S1(C1) <S1(C2) where, in equations 1 to 3, T1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the dopant, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound, S1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the dopant, S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and S1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound. [2] The organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the dopant emits blue phosphorescent light having a maximum emission wavelength of 440 nm to 480 nm. [3] The organic light-emitting device (10) of claim 1, wherein the first compound and the second compound further satisfy equation 4: T1(C1)>T1(C2) where, in equation 4, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the first compound and T1(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the second compound. [4] Organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary layer is arranged between the anode (110) and the emission layer. [5] The organic light emitting device (10) according to claim 4, wherein the emission layer further comprises a host and the dopant and the host also satisfy equation 5: HOMO(D)>HOMO(H) where, in equation 5, HOMO(D) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a molecule of the dopant and HOMO(H) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a host molecule. [6] Organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary layer is arranged between the cathode (190) and the emission layer. [7] Organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 6, wherein the emission layer further comprises a host and the dopant and the host also satisfy equation 6: HOMO(D) <HOMO(H) where, in equation 6, HOMO(D) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a molecule (HOMO) of the dopant and HOMO(H) is an energy level of the highest occupied orbital of a host molecule. [8] The organic light emitting device (10) of claim 1, wherein the dopant comprises a transition metal. [9] Organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the dopant is represented by formula 1: M 11 (L 11 ) n11 (L 12 ) n12 formula 1 where, in formulas 1 and 1A, M 11is selected from a transition metal of the first row of the periodic table of elements, a transition metal of the second row of the periodic table of elements and a transition metal of the third row of the periodic table of elements; L 11 is selected from ligands represented by formula 1A, and n11 is 1, 2 or 3, L 12 is an organic ligand and n12 is an integer from 0 to 4, X 11 to X 14 each independently represents N or C, X 11 and X 12 are linked to each other via a single bond or a double bond and X 13 and X 14 are linked to each other by a single bond or a double bond, A 11 and A 12 each independently a carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group or a heterocyclic C1-C 60 -group, Y 11a single bond, O, S, C(=O), N(Z 13 ), C(Z 13 )(Z 14 ), C(Z 13 )=C(Z 14 ) or C(Z 13 ) is, Y 11 and X 12 are linked to each other via a single bond or a double bond and Y 11 and X 13 are linked to each other by a single bond or a double bond, Z 11 and Z 12 each independently represents a single bond, O or S, R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10-cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Z 16 )(Z 16 )(Z 17 ), -N(Z 15 )(Z 16 ), -B(Z 15 )(Z 16 ), -C(=O(Z 15 ), -S(=O)2(Z 15 ) and -P(=O)(Z 15)(Z 16 ), where two adjacent groups of R 11 and R 12 optionally reacting with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C6-C 30 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 30 -group are linked, Z 13 and Z 14 each independently hydrogen, deuterium, a C1-C 20 -alkyl group, a C1-C 20 -alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group or a naphthyl group, Z 15 to Z 17 each independently selected from a C1-C 10 -alkyl group, a C1-C 16 -alkoxy group, a C6-C 20 -aryl group and a C1-C 20 -heteroaryl group, two, three or four adjacent groups of a plurality of R 11 and R 12optionally linked to form a tetradentate, hexadentate or octadentate ligand, b1 and b2 are each independently an integer from 0 to 10 and * and *' each have a binding site to M 11 in Formula 1. [10] Organic lighting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the dopant is selected from the following compounds: [11] The organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first compound is represented by formula 2:wherein, in formula 2, X 21 from N and C(R 21 ) is selected, X 22 from N and C(R 22 ) is selected, X 23 from N and C(R 23 ) is selected, X 24 from N and C(R 24 ) is selected and X 25 from N and C(R 25 ), wherein at least one of X 21 to X 25 N is, Y 21is selected from a single bond, O, S, N(Z 21 ) and C(Z 21 )(Z 22 ); Y 22 is selected from a single bond, O, S, N(Z 23 ) and C(Z 23 )(Z 24 ); Y 23 is selected from a single bond, O, S, N(Z 25 ) and C(Z 25 )(Z 26 ); k21 to k23 are each independently selected from 0, 1 and 2, wherein when k21 is 0, Y 21 is not present when k22 is 0, Y 22 is not present, and if k23 is 0, Y 23 is not present, L 21 is selected from an unsubstituted or substituted carbocyclic C6-C 60 -group and an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic C1-C 60 -Group; a21 is selected from 0, 1, 2 and 3; R 21 to R 28 and Z 21 to Z 26are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60-aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -Heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), - C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) and -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2), where two adjacent groups of R 21 to R 28 optionally reacting with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic C5-C 30 -group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic C1-C 30 -group are linked, b26 is selected from 1, 2, 3 and 4; b27 and b28 are each independently selected from 1, 2 and 3; and Q1 to Q3 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60-heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group and a terphenyl group. [12] Organic lighting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first compound is selected from the following compounds: [13] The organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the second compound is represented by formula 3:wherein, in formula 3, X 31 and X 32 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; R 31 to R 38 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60-aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 -heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(O1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) and -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2); and Q1 to Q3 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C1-C 60 -alkyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkenyl group, a C2-C 60 -alkynyl group, a C1-C 60 -alkoxy group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C 10 -cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C 10 -heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C 60 -aryl group, a C6-C 60 -aryloxy group, a C6-C 60 -arylthio group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryl group, a C1-C 60 -heteroaryloxy group, a C1-C 60-heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group and a terphenyl group. [14] Organic lighting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the second compound is selected from the following compounds: [15] The organic light-emitting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the auxiliary layer is 3 nm (30 Å) to 10 nm (100 Å). [16] Organic lighting device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the organic layer (150) further comprises a hole conduction region between the anode (110) and the emission layer and / or an electron conduction region between the emission layer and the cathode (190), the hole-conducting region comprises a hole-injection layer, a hole-conducting layer, an emission-assisting layer, an electron-barrier layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron conduction region comprises a hole blocking layer, an electron conduction layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof. [17] Organic light-emitting device (20) comprising: a substrate (210) divided into a first subpixel region, a second subpixel region and a third subpixel region; a plurality of anodes (221, 222, 223) arranged on each of the first subpixel region, the second subpixel region and the third subpixel region of the substrate (210); a cathode (280) facing the plurality of anodes (221, 222, 223); and an organic layer (150) arranged between the plurality of anodes (221, 222, 223) and the cathode (280) and comprising a first emission layer (261), a second emission layer (262), and a third emission layer (263) arranged on the first subpixel region, the second subpixel region, and the third subpixel region of the substrate (210), respectively, wherein the organic layer (150) comprises an auxiliary layer arranged on the first subpixel region, the third emission layer (263) comprises a dopant, the auxiliary layer comprises a first compound and a second compound, wherein the dopant emits light and both the first connection and the second connection do not emit any light and the dopant, the first compound and the second compound satisfy equations 1 to 3: T1(D)>T1(C1) S1(D) <s1(c1)S1(C1) <s1(c2)where, in equations 1 to 3, T1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited triplet of the dopant, T1(C1) is a lowest energy level of a triplet of the first compound, S1(D) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the dopant, S1(C1) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the first compound and S4(C2) is a lowest energy level of an excited singlet of the second compound. [18] The organic light-emitting device (20) of claim 17, wherein the organic layer (150) further comprises an auxiliary layer disposed on both the second subpixel region and the third subpixel region. [19] Organic light-emitting device (20) according to claim 17, wherein the first emission layer (261) emits blue phosphorescence, the second emission layer (262) emits green phosphorescence and the third emission layer (263) emits red phosphorescence.

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