Switchable tilting lever arrangements and methods for their use

Abstract

A rocker arm assembly comprises a first body and a second body functionally coupled to the first body, a locking mechanism, and a stop mechanism. The locking mechanism can be actuated in a first locking state and a second locking state. The first locking state is configured to prevent relative movement between the first and second bodies, and the second locking state is configured to allow relative movement between them. The stop mechanism comprises a stop bore and a stop pin located in the stop bore.

Description

PRIORITY

[0001] This application claims priority pursuant to 35 USC § 119(e) over the preliminary US patent application No. 6 3 / 520,450, filed on August 18, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference. TECHNICAL AREA

[0002] This disclosure relates generally to valve train systems for engines and in particular to valve trains with switchable rocker arms. BACKGROUND

[0003] Reversible rocker arm assemblies may incorporate stop mechanisms to control a range of movement possible between components during operation. Stop mechanisms may have features whose manufacture requires complex, time-consuming, and / or expensive processes. For example, significant precision may be required for the relative alignment, machining, and finishing of certain features to meet operational tolerance requirements. Some stop mechanism designs may also be associated with undesired forces and / or torques acting on parts of the stop mechanism and / or its interface surfaces. SUMMARY OF CERTAIN EXECUTION FORMS

[0004] Features, devices, systems, and methods disclosed with reference to certain embodiments described herein may provide means for producing and / or maintaining improved switching performance and clearance in valve trains with switchable rocker arms. The present disclosure includes strategies, systems, and methods to enable and provide less stringent manufacturing tolerance requirements, improved manufacturability and ease of assembly, lower costs, and / or improved clearance and locking performance over the service life of the valve train components and systems.

[0005] In certain embodiments, a rocker arm arrangement is disclosed comprising: a first body and a second body functionally connected to the first body, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is configured to be rotatable about a rocker arm shaft; a locking arrangement actuable in a first locking state and a second locking state, and comprising a locking bore extending through at least a portion of the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement is configured to functionally connect the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them in the first locking state and to permit relative movement between the first body and the second body in the second locking state;and a stop mechanism comprising a stop bore and a stop pin arranged in the stop bore, wherein the stop bore is configured to pass through at least a part of each first body and each second body, wherein the stop mechanism is configured to functionally limit a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement.

[0006] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the above-mentioned embodiments, the stop bore of the stop mechanism has a first section connected to the second body, wherein a radius of curvature of the first section is configured based on a radius of curvature of the stop pin. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the above-mentioned embodiments, either the first body or the second body has a valve section configured to engage functionally with one or more valves. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the above-mentioned embodiments, either the first body or the second body has a cam section configured to receive a valve lift profile from a cam.

[0007] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop pin is functionally attached to the first body.

[0008] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, either the first body or the second body has a forked section with a first outer section and a second outer section configured to axially enclose and support an inner section of the other body, i.e., either the first or the second body.

[0009] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the locking bore is configured to be located in at least one section of each first outer section, second outer section, and inner section. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the locking bore extends through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section, second outer section, and inner section.

[0010] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop pin is functionally attached to the first body or the second body. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop bore is configured to be located in at least one section of each of the first outer sections, the second outer sections, and the inner section. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop pin is functionally attached to the inner section and configured to extend into one or both of the first outer sections or the second outer sections.

[0011] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop bore further comprises a second section connected to the second body, the second section being configured to prevent the first body or the second body from being overridden during operation of the rocker arm arrangement.

[0012] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop bore passes through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section, second outer section and inner section.

[0013] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the rocker arm assembly further comprises a dead-of-travel arrangement that is functionally connected to the first body and the second body and is configured to selectively absorb at least a portion of the valve lift profile received from the cam. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the dead-of-travel arrangement that absorbs at least a portion of the valve lift profile is connected to the operation of the locking arrangement in the second locking state.

[0014] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the dead-fall arrangement is actuable within a range that includes a folded position and an extended position. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the dead-fall arrangement includes a dead-fall spring, the dead-fall spring being configured to bias the dead-fall arrangement in the direction of the extended position.

[0015] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop mechanism has a stop surface configured to engage with the stop pin to prevent overextension of the lost-motion or dead-run assembly. In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the locking assembly further comprises one or more locking pins, wherein the one or more locking pins are actuated hydraulically or electrically to selectively decouple the first body and the second body.

[0016] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, a method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly is disclosed, wherein the method comprises: holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally coupled during operation;Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is held together in the assembled configuration, a locking bore extending through the first body and the second body, such that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly includes the locking bore; providing, while the rocker arm assembly is constrained in the assembled configuration, a stop bore extending through each of the first body and the second body, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly includes the stop bore and a stop pin;and arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to the first body or the second body, so that the stop mechanism functionally restricts a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body, which is associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement.

[0017] In certain embodiments, which may combine the features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the locking bore is provided such that it extends through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first bodies or the second bodies. In certain embodiments, which may combine the features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the stop bore is provided such that it extends through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first bodies or the second bodies.

[0018] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, a valve train system is disclosed comprising: a piston arranged in a cylinder; one or more valves connected to the cylinder; a rocker arm shaft; and a rocker arm assembly configured to be rotatable about the rocker arm shaft, comprising: a first body and a second body functionally connected to the first body, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is configured to be rotatable about the rocker arm shaft;a locking arrangement which is operable in a first locking state and a second locking state and which has a locking bore which passes through at least one section of each of the first and second bodies, wherein the locking arrangement is configured to: functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them in the first locking state, and allow relative movement between the first body and the second body in the second locking state;and a stop mechanism comprising a stop bore and a stop pin arranged in the stop bore, wherein the stop bore is configured to pass through at least a part of the first body and the second body, wherein the stop mechanism is configured to functionally restrict a range of relative movements between the first body and the second body associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement.

[0019] In certain embodiments, which may combine the features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, one of the first bodies or the second body has a forked section comprising a first outer section and a second outer section configured to axially enclose and support an inner section of the other of the first bodies or the second body, and wherein one or more of the locking bore or stop bore are configured to pass through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each of the first outer sections, the second outer sections and the inner sections.

[0020] In certain embodiments, which may combine the features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, a method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly is disclosed, comprising: holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally coupled during operation;Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is held in the assembled configuration, a locking bore extending through the first body and the second body, such that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly includes the locking bore; providing, while the rocker arm assembly is constrained in the assembled configuration, a stop bore extending through each of the first body and the second body, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly includes the stop bore and a stop pin;and arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to one of the first bodies or the second bodies, so that the stop mechanism functionally restricts a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body, which is associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement.

[0021] In certain embodiments, which may combine the features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, the locking bore is provided such that it passes through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first bodies or the second bodies, and the stop bore is provided such that it passes through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first bodies or the second bodies.

[0022] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, a method includes providing a fitting section connected to the stop bore in the second body, such that a radius of curvature of the fitting section is configured to accommodate the stop pin, the stop pin being connected to the first body.

[0023] In certain embodiments, which may combine features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, a method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly is disclosed, comprising: holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally coupled during operation;Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is held together in the assembled configuration, a stop bore extending through each of the first bodies and the second body, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly comprises the stop bore and a stop pin, and wherein the stop bore has a section adapted to the second body such that a radius of curvature of the adapted section is configured to accommodate the stop pin; arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to the first body such that the stop mechanism defines a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body;and providing a clearance cut that overlaps with at least one section of the stop bore in the second body, wherein one or more edges of the clearance cut define a limit of the allowable travel of the stop pin coupled to the first body during operation of the rocker arm assembly.

[0024] In certain embodiments, which may combine the features of some or all of the embodiments mentioned above, a method further comprises providing, while the rocker arm assembly is restricted in the assembled configuration, a locking bore passing through the first body and the second body, so that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly includes the locking bore. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the exemplary figures. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments. Further features and advantages of various embodiments of the present invention will become clear by reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the following: Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view from above of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic, partially exploded perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments, with an inset showing certain details of an exemplary stop mechanism. Fig. Figure 5A shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments, with an inset showing certain details of an exemplary stop mechanism. Fig. Figure 5B shows a schematic side view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic sectional view from above of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 8 shows a schematic sectional view from below of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 9 shows a schematic, partially exploded perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EXECUTION FORMS

[0026] The following examples of specific embodiments serve to better understand the present disclosure and are not to be understood as limiting or defining the scope of the disclosure. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, various mechanisms, arrangements, configurations, and operating methods of switchable rocker arm assemblies are disclosed herein.

[0027] In certain embodiments, an engine may have one or more cylinders, each cylinder being equipped with one or more valves, for example, to enable selective fluid exchange. For example, and without limitation, an engine cylinder may have one or more inlet valves and / or one or more exhaust valves. In certain embodiments, the valve train of an engine may include devices and systems configured to actuate one or more valves of a cylinder. For example, and without limitation, valve operating parameters, such as determining whether one or more specific valves are lifted (i.e., opened) during operation, the extent of such lift, and / or the timing of such lift relative to other indices of engine operation, such as cylinder motion, may be based on thermodynamic considerations and / or desired operating modes.For example, and without limitation, it may be desirable for a valve in an engine cylinder to be open at certain times during engine operation and closed at other times. For example, and without limitation, it may be common practice to reference valve timing in terms of one or more other indices of engine operation, such as a position or periodic phase of cylinder movement, crankshaft rotation, and / or camshaft rotation. For example, and without limitation, valve opening may be specified in terms of the extent of valve lift, for example, as the height or displacement of the valve opening relative to a closed seat position of a valve. For example, and without limitation, valve lift may be specified in terms of a suitable periodic phase to provide detailed information about valve timing and / or valve operation.In certain embodiments, a valve lift profile can contain time-dependent information about valve operation. For example, and without limitation, a valve lift profile can include a magnitude and / or sequence of valve lifts and / or valve opening displacements over time, associated, for example, with one or more segments of an engine cycle. In certain embodiments, a rocker arm assembly receiving motion from a cam can correspond to the rocker arm assembly receiving one or more segments of a valve lift profile associated with the cam.

[0028] In certain embodiments, a valve train may include valve control devices and / or systems configured to transmit and / or modify valve control. By way of example, and without limitation, valve control systems may include mechanical means, such as one or more camshafts, configured to rotate based on engine operation, for example, indexed to periodic cylinder motion. By way of example, and without limitation, a camshaft may include one or more cams configured to provide a geometric representation of a desired degree of valve lift for opening one or more valves of interest based on the rotation of a corresponding camshaft. By way of example, and without limitation, a cam may include one or more cams that have a minimum characteristic dimension, e.g.,a base circle, projecting beyond to encode a physical manifestation of a desired time-dependent evolution of valve lift displacements, exhibiting a valve lift profile that can be transferred to a suitable interface component by rotating the cam. In certain embodiments, devices and systems for transferring and / or modifying the valve control in one or more respects may not be cam-based. In certain embodiments, valves may be actuated directly or indirectly using actuators with or without the use of cams. For example, and without limitation, hydraulic, electromagnetic, and / or pneumatic actuators may be configured to actuate one or more valves directly or indirectly.

[0029] In certain embodiments, a rocker arm arrangement of a valve train can be configured to receive, transmit, modify and / or selectively forward one or more valve lift profiles.

[0030] In certain embodiments, the reception of a valve lift profile by a rocker arm assembly may involve the transmission of a force or motion from a suitable mechanism, such as one described above, e.g., a cam or an electromagnetic actuator. For example, and without limitation, the received motion associated with receiving a valve lift profile may include displacements, translational motions, and / or rotational motions. For example, and without limitation, receiving a valve lift profile may involve receiving no force or motion for some or all of an engine cycle, e.g., due to a partial or complete loss of contact between a roller and a cam, and / or due to a design-related mode change.

[0031] In certain embodiments, a rocker arm assembly can be configured to receive one or more valve lift profiles directly or indirectly. For example, and without limitation, a rocker arm assembly can be configured to receive a valve lift profile directly from a cam via a suitable mechanism, such as a time-dependent or permanent rotary engagement with a roller mechanism. Similarly, and without limitation, a rocker arm assembly can be configured to receive a valve lift profile indirectly from a cam via a suitable mechanism, such as a tappet mechanism. In certain embodiments, a force or motion transmission path between a cam and a rocker arm assembly, associated with receiving a valve lift profile, can additionally or alternatively include one or more intermediate components, such as a dead man's switch mechanism.

[0032] In certain embodiments, the transmission of a valve lift profile by a rocker arm assembly can involve converting a force or motion associated with a received valve lift profile into a corresponding force or motion exerted on a valve terminal section of the rocker arm assembly. By way of example, and without limitation, a rocker arm assembly configured to receive motion corresponding to a valve lift profile received from a cam via a roller mechanism can rotate about a rocker arm shaft and, by this rotation, transmit the received valve lift profile as a corresponding motion exerted by an extended structure at a valve end as a valve lift on one or more valves.

[0033] As further described herein, a rocker arm assembly, in certain embodiments, can modify and / or selectively transmit a valve lift profile. For example, and without limitation, a rocker arm assembly can be configured to selectively absorb or transmit some or all of a received valve lift profile. For example, and without limitation, a rocker arm assembly can be configured to selectively combine more than one received valve lift profile.

[0034] In certain embodiments, this disclosure describes features, devices, systems, and / or methods that enable improved switching performance and clearance in valve trains with switchable rocker arms to be achieved and / or maintained. In certain embodiments, the strategies, systems, and / or methods described herein may enable less stringent tolerance requirements, improved ease of assembly, reduced costs, and / or improved clearance and locking performance over the service life of the valve train components and systems.In certain embodiments, the advantages described herein can be realized by machining or co-machining parts of the arrangement, for example, by machining to produce interfaces associated with a locking system and a stop mechanism while the rocker arm is fixed in an assembled configuration. For example, and without limitation, a locking bore (or locking pin bore) of a locking mechanism can be produced in a combined process together with the creation of a stop bore of a stop mechanism, e.g., by machining, drilling, reaming, or another suitable process, while moving parts of an assembled rocker arm are fixed in an assembled configuration for machining, e.g., by a fixture.In certain embodiments, the systems and methods disclosed herein may include the machining of locking bores and / or backlash interfaces while several sides of the rocker arm assembly are fixed in their assembled position, for example, by a clamping device. In certain embodiments, several locking bores or bore sections, for example, over or through a set of rocker arm sections, may be machined to the same diameter. In certain embodiments, one or more sections of a locking bore may be provided with an insert, thereby eliminating the need for and cost of precision grinding to adjust the backlash.

[0035] In certain embodiments, the locking play can be adjusted by precise, costly finishing operations, such as grinding. In certain embodiments, measuring the locking pins may require sorting them into categories, with the sorted pins then being matched to the specific play measurements of the subassembly with the rocker arms. As further described herein, in certain embodiments, the relative positions of critical features of rocker arm assemblies can be precisely manufactured, machined, assembled, and / or maintained during operation without the need for time-consuming and / or costly operations such as grinding. For example, and without limitation, machining or co-machining locking bores and / or stop bores and / or stop surfaces in an assembled configuration of the rocker arm assembly can provide such advantages.For example, and without limitation, such methods, devices and / or systems can enable a reduction in play fluctuations, e.g., without the need to dimension and / or sort the locking pins according to tolerance bands.

[0036] In certain embodiments, methods, devices, and / or systems as described in this disclosure can eliminate the need for a bushing in certain pivot structures, such as rocker arm shaft bores. For example, and without limitation, a nitride coating on pivot bores may eliminate the functional need for a bushing, which may be intended to hold a plurality of rocker arm bodies in position prior to assembly on a rocker arm shaft. In certain embodiments, a bushing may require tight tolerances, such as diameter tolerances, and / or the machining of oil channels, which may increase machining costs and / or time. In certain embodiments described herein, devices associated with stop arrangements and / or locking arrangements, such as...Stop pins and locking pins are used to hold the assembly with minimal play before the motor is installed.

[0037] Separately or additionally, by way of example and without limitation, some alternative methods or stop features for holding rocker arm bodies and / or components in position relative to certain components, such as a preload spring in a dead-fall assembly, may result in a nominal torque acting perpendicular to the rocker arm shaft axis on parts of the rocker arm assembly. Accordingly, precise, time-consuming, and / or costly machining of the rocker arm assembly features with respect to these and other critical features may be required. In certain embodiments, it may be necessary to incorporate complex geometries into rocker arm assemblies to address the challenges mentioned above, which may necessitate further costly machining operations.

[0038] Separately or additionally, some alternative stop features are not suitable for preventing overextension of one or more parts of a rocker arm assembly beyond the intended design limits, for example, due to the action of a spring with dead travel. For example, and without limitation, overextension can cause an engine valve bridge to be displaced in the event of a critical displacement. In certain embodiments, which are further described herein, certain features of a stop assembly, such as a stop pin connected to a stop bore and / or the provision of stop pin clearance, can be used to prevent overextension and / or other unintended deviations in the operation of the rocker arm assembly from the intended design limits, as further described herein.

[0039] In certain embodiments, a valve train system incorporating a rocker arm arrangement can provide the functions and advantages described herein. While this disclosure describes certain types of valve train architectures and / or switchable rocker arm designs for clarity, it should be noted that this disclosure considers any suitable valve train architecture and / or switchable rocker arm design for performing such functions and / or achieving such advantages. For example, and without limitation, the systems and methods described herein can be adapted to any suitable valve train architecture, such as Types I through V, and all such variations are fully considered herein in any suitable combination.

[0040] The systems and methods described here can be adapted to many types of switching mechanisms and / or actuation methods for implementing switchable rocker arm systems and / or switchable dead-fall mechanisms. In certain embodiments, the hydraulically driven actuation systems described here as a non-limiting example can be supplemented or replaced by electrically or electromagnetically driven actuation systems, for example, using solenoid coils. In certain embodiments, valve lift profiles can be transmitted directly from a cam to a rocker arm assembly, for example, via a roller mechanism. In certain embodiments, valve lift profiles can be transmitted indirectly to a rocker arm assembly, for example, via a tappet mechanism and / or a hydraulic lash adjuster or another mechanism.

[0041] By way of example and without limitation, foldable and / or extendable systems, capsule-based systems, and / or other dead-fall mechanisms with or without springs may be used in certain embodiments. By way of example and without limitation, locking mechanisms with one or more pins may be used. In certain embodiments, one or more pins of the locking mechanism used here may each be biased along one or more directions.

[0042] By way of example and without limitation, the systems and methods described herein can be adapted to numerous applications, including those other than those proposed or described herein, which can be provided or enabled by switchable valve trains, e.g., applications with variable valve timing, cylinder deactivation, and / or engine braking, and such variations are fully provided herein in any suitable combination. Although certain examples for providing the features, functions, and / or supporting the applications disclosed herein are included, it is understood that all other suitable methods, systems, applications, and combinations thereof are fully considered in this disclosure.

[0043] Referring to the characters, shows Fig. 1 A schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view from above of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic, partially exploded perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments.

[0044] In certain embodiments, a rocker arm assembly 110 can be configured to rotate around a rocker arm shaft that passes through a rocker arm shaft bore 120. In certain embodiments, the rocker arm assembly 110 can have a first body 130 and a second body 140 that is functionally connected to the first body 130.

[0045] In certain embodiments, the rocker arm assembly 110 may have a valve section 132 configured to engage with one or more valves. For example, and without limitation, the first body 130 may have one or more valve sections, such as the valve section 132 shown in the figures herein for clarity. In certain embodiments, the second body 140 may separately or additionally have one or more valve sections, such as the valve section 132, and such embodiments are fully described herein. In certain embodiments, a valve section 132 of the rocker arm assembly 110 may have one or more extended structures to engage with one or more valves.For example, and without limitation, an extended structure of a valve section 132 of the rocker arm assembly 110 can have a suitable interface structure for direct or indirect engagement with a valve, for example via an E-foot 135. In certain embodiments, one or more sections of a valve section 132 can be configured to engage with a plurality of valves, for example via a valve bridge. In certain embodiments, a valve section 132 of the rocker arm assembly 110 can have one or more switchable arrangements, for example a collapsible and / or extendable capsule arrangement.

[0046] In certain embodiments, the rocker arm assembly 110 may have a cam section 142 configured to receive one or more valve lift profiles, for example, directly or indirectly from one or more cams. For example, and without limitation, the second body 140 may have one or more cam sections, such as the cam section 142 shown in the figures herein for clarity. In certain embodiments, the first body 130 may separately or additionally have one or more cam sections, such as the cam section 142, and such embodiments are fully described herein. In certain embodiments, the cam section 142 may have a roller mechanism, such as the roller 150, which may be configured to engage directly with a cam.

[0047] In certain embodiments, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be arranged symmetrically in geometric and / or load path and force transmission terms. In certain embodiments, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be arranged asymmetrically in a geometric and / or force transmission context. In certain embodiments, as described herein, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be arranged such that one body is an inner element and the other body forms an outer element that encloses and supports the inner element. In certain embodiments, a portion of the first body 130 or of the second body 140 of the rocker arm assembly 110 can be axially enclosed and / or supported by a forked portion of the other body, i.e., either of the first body 130 or of the second body 140 of the rocker arm assembly 110. By way of example and without limitation, as at least in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the first body 130 can have a first outer section 160 and a second outer section 170, both of which enclose an inner section 180 of the second body 140. For example, and without limitation, suitable arrangements and configurations such as those disclosed herein can enable one of the bodies, for example the second body 140, to be axially supported at both ends to reduce lateral force asymmetries, twisting, wobble, and / or irregularities in engagement. Separately or additionally, suitable arrangements and configurations such as those disclosed herein can reduce or improve the control of operational wear or uneven wear over time.In certain embodiments, such suitable arrangements and configurations can also reduce the overall material and cross-section required to absorb the operating loads, resulting in more cost-effective and / or lighter parts. In certain embodiments, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be arranged in a side-by-side configuration, as shown, for example, in the following. Fig. Figures 7-9 are shown, but are not limited thereto. By way of example and without limitation, suitable arrangements and configurations such as those disclosed herein can enable a compact and / or lightweight rocker arm arrangement 110 that can meet demanding packaging restrictions and / or weight requirements.

[0048] In certain embodiments, the rocker arm assembly 110 may have one or more switchable mechanisms. In certain embodiments, one or more switchable mechanisms of the rocker arm assembly 110 may be used to selectively transmit, modify, and / or absorb one or more sections of one or more valve stroke profiles received by the rocker arm assembly 110. For example, and without limitation, the rocker arm assembly 110 may have a locking arrangement, such as the locking arrangement 400. In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 may have a locking bore 410. In certain embodiments, the locking bore 410 may have a plurality of bore sections arranged over several sections of the rocker arm assembly 110.In certain embodiments, the locking bore 410 can be arranged at least partially in a roller of the cam section 142, such as the roller 150.

[0049] In certain embodiments, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be configured to rotate about one or more of the rocker arm shaft bores 120 and / or locking bores 410. In certain embodiments, such as in the Fig. As shown in Figures 7-9, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can additionally or alternatively be configured to be rotatable about a pivot axis, such as the pivot axis 145.

[0050] In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can be actuated in one or more states, for example, in a first locking state and a second locking state. In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can be configured in the first locking state to functionally connect the first body 130 and the second body 140, for example, to prevent relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140. For example, and without limitation, in the first locking state of the locking arrangement 400, the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be coupled such that they rotate and / or otherwise move as an integral unit, for example, corresponding to an overall movement of the rocker arm arrangement 110 during operation through a motor cycle.In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 in the second locking state can be configured to allow relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140, for example to enable one of the first bodies 130 and second body 140 to receive and / or maintain a force or movement without transmitting that force or movement to the other of the first bodies 130 and second body 140.

[0051] By way of example and without limitation, the second body 140, when configured with a cam section 142, can be configured to receive a valve lift profile. In certain embodiments, the second body 140 can be coupled to the first body 130 according to a first locking state of the locking arrangement 400 in order to transfer the received valve lift to the first body 130. In certain embodiments, the second body 140 can be decoupled from the first body 130 according to a second locking state of the locking arrangement 400 in order to prevent part or all of the valve lift from being transferred to the first body 130.

[0052] In certain embodiments, the locking bore 410 can be configured to penetrate at least a portion of the first body 130 and the second body 140. For example, and without limitation, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the locking bore 410 can penetrate the entire cross-sectional thickness of one body and part of the cross-sectional thickness of the other body. In certain embodiments, such as in the Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the locking bore 410 can pass through the entire cross-sectional thickness of both the first body 130 and the second body 140.

[0053] In certain embodiments corresponding to specific configurations of the rocker arm arrangement 110, the locking bore 410 can be configured to be located in at least one part of each of the alignment sections, such as each of the outer and inner sections, of the first body 130 and the second body 140. For example, and without limitation, as shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. As further shown in Figure 6, the locking bore 410 can be configured to be located in at least one section of each first outer section 160, second outer section 170, and inner section 180. In certain embodiments, the locking bore 410 can be configured to pass through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section 160, second outer section 170, and inner section 180.

[0054] In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can have one or more pins and / or pistons. In certain embodiments, one or more locking pins of the locking arrangement 400 can be configured to be lockable or unlockable, for example, to selectively transmit a drive valve stroke profile received from a cam section of the rocker arm arrangement 110, for example, the cam section 142. In certain embodiments, as further described herein, one or more such pins and / or pistons of the locking arrangement 400 can be arranged in the locking bore 410, for example, slidably arranged to be selectively movable within the locking bore 410, and such that the locking arrangement 400 can be actuated to switchably couple or decouple the first body 130 and the second body 140.In certain embodiments, one or more locking pins can be configured to selectively slide into and / or out of a section of the locking bore 410 to enable selective locking by the locking arrangement 400. In certain embodiments, one or more axial ends of the locking bore 410 can have a preloading mechanism, for example, a preloading element 450. For example, and without limitation, a preloading mechanism can have one or more springs. In certain embodiments, a preloading mechanism can separately or additionally have one or more optional force transmission and / or support elements, such as the support end 460 and / or the support end 465, without limitation.

[0055] In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can be hydraulically actuated, for example, by receiving a selectively pressurized hydraulic fluid. Separately or additionally, the locking arrangement 400 can be electrically or electromagnetically actuated in certain embodiments, for example, by an electromagnet.

[0056] In certain embodiments, the switchable locking arrangement 400 can be actuated from one side of one or more displaceable elements (e.g., locking pins) or from several sides. In certain embodiments, the actuation can be based on a differential action that relies on relative forces exerted from several sides. By way of example and without limitation, the following shows Fig. 3 a piston 440 which, when actuated or excited, is movable axially downwards (in the reference system of the figure) and / or is returned axially upwards when deactivated or de-energized, for example based on a restoring force exerted by the preload element 450. In certain embodiments, the piston 440 can be selectively movable or displaceable, based on selective pressurization of a chamber, for example based on hydraulic fluid supplied through the hydraulic bore 470. In certain embodiments, such as in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the hydraulic bore 470 can be fluidically connected to a controllable pressure hydraulic fluid source. For example, and without limitation, a solenoid-based oil control valve (OCV) can be used to selectively pressurize a hydraulic line to lock the assembly 400, for example via the rocker arm shaft bore 120 through the hydraulic bore 470.

[0057] In certain embodiments, several actuating means may be provided, for example, to offer multiple and / or different methods for actuating one or more movable elements of the locking arrangement 400. For example, and without limitation, the following is shown: Fig. 8 a movable locking pin 430 which can be selectively actuated based on the control of a hydraulic fluid pressure supplied via a hydraulic bore 470. Additionally or alternatively, one or more other elements, such as the one in Fig. The pistons 440 shown in Figure 8 are a non-limiting example and can be movable individually or in combination and / or otherwise controllable. For example, and without limitation, the movable piston 440 can be in Fig. 8 can be selectively actuated on the basis of the control of a hydraulic fluid pressure supplied via a second hydraulic bore 475.

[0058] In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can have configurations of movable locking elements, for example, one or more locking pins and / or pistons. For example, and without limitation, a locking pin in certain embodiments can be configured to movably block or permit relative movement between components, for example, by engagement. In certain embodiments, a piston can be configured to receive and / or transmit one or more forces to other components of the locking arrangement 400, for example, an actuating force and / or a restoring or preload force.

[0059] Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments, with an inset showing certain details of an exemplary stop mechanism. Fig. Figure 5A shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments, with an inset showing certain details of an exemplary stop mechanism. Fig. Figure 5B shows a schematic side view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments.

[0060] As further described herein, the locking arrangement 400 may, in certain embodiments, have one or more stop mechanisms, such as the stop mechanism 300. In certain embodiments, the stop mechanism 300 may have a stop bore 320. In certain embodiments, the stop mechanism 300 may have an element, for example, an extended element, designed as a stop pin 330. In certain embodiments, the stop pin 330 may be arranged in the stop bore 320.

[0061] In certain embodiments, such as in the insertion into Fig. As shown in Figure 5A, the stop bore 320 can have a modified section 322. For example, and without limitation, the modified section 322 can be configured to have one or more characteristic dimensions of the stop pin 330, such as a base at a radius of curvature of the stop pin 330. In certain embodiments, a curvature of the modified section 322 can be configured to accommodate the stop pin 330. In certain embodiments, the modified section 322 can have a radius of curvature that is based on and / or corresponds to a radius of curvature of the stop bore 320. In certain embodiments, the modified section 322 can be configured in the form of a shaft. In certain embodiments, the modified section 322 can provide a stop arrangement or stop surface for the stop pin 330 within the stop bore 320.In certain embodiments, the adaptable section 322 can provide a larger surface area for contact with the stop bore 320, thereby reducing the risk of indentation, accelerated and / or uneven wear. Accordingly, within certain limitations, the adaptable section 322 can improve the operational stability and long-term alignment and control of the play in the locking mechanism of the rocker arm assembly 110. By way of example, and without limitation, a corrugated stop surface of the adaptable section 322, as part of the stop bore 320, can be configured to mark and / or maintain a normal operating position of the rocker arm assembly 110 relative to the stop pin 330.

[0062] It is understood that while features of the stop mechanism 300 and / or the stop pin 330 may be described or explained in detail with respect to certain embodiments disclosed herein, this disclosure provides for the inclusion of one or more features of the stop mechanism 300 and / or the stop pin 330 in any suitable combination or embodiment.

[0063] This is an exemplary and unrestricted example. Fig. 2 A locking arrangement 400 comprising three movable locking elements, namely a locking pin 430, a piston 440, and a piston 445. In certain embodiments, the piston 440 can be configured to displace the locking pin 430, for example, due to an actuating force exerted by a selectively pressurized fluid chamber through the hydraulic bore 470. In certain embodiments, the piston 445 can be configured to displace the locking pin 430, for example, due to a restoring or preload force provided by the preload element 450. In certain embodiments, an actuating force due to the piston 440, when actuated by a pressurized fluid, can be configured to exceed an effective restoring or preload force acting on the locking pin 430 due to the preload element 450.Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can be configured to selectively move the locking pin 430 so that the axial ends or limits of the locking pin 430 can be aligned in a non-disruptive configuration, thereby enabling decoupling and relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140.

[0064] Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic sectional view from above of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments.

[0065] This is an exemplary and unrestricted example. Fig. 6 A locking arrangement 400 comprising four movable locking elements, namely a locking pin 430, a locking pin 435, a piston 440, and a piston 445. In certain embodiments, pistons 440 and 445 can be configured to displace locking pins 430 and 435, respectively, for example, based on the pistons receiving an outward actuating force from a selectively pressurized fluid chamber supplied by a hydraulic control bore 470. In certain embodiments, pistons 440 and 445 can each receive a restoring or preload force due to the preload element 450 and / or the preload element 455, for example, via locking pins 430 and 435, respectively.In certain embodiments, an actuating force due to the piston 440 and the piston 445, when actuated by a pressurized fluid, can be configured to exceed an effective restoring or preloading force due to the preloading element 450 and / or the preloading element 455. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 can be configured to selectively move the locking pin 430 and / or the preloading element 455, so that the axial ends or limits of the locking pin 430 and / or the locking pin 435 can be aligned separately or simultaneously in a non-interfering configuration, thereby enabling decoupling and relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140.In certain embodiments, one or more end supports, such as C-clamps or washers, may be provided to support a preload element or other components of the locking arrangement 400. Figure 1 shows, by way of example and without limitation, . Fig. 6 the end support 480 and the end support 485 to enclose, support and / or limit the pretensioning element 450 or the pretensioning element 455 of the locking arrangement 400.

[0066] Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 8 shows a schematic sectional view from below of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments. Fig. Figure 9 shows a schematic, partially exploded perspective view of a rocker arm arrangement according to certain embodiments.

[0067] This is an exemplary and unrestricted example. Fig. 8 a locking arrangement 400 with two movable locking elements, namely a locking pin 430 and a piston 440.

[0068] In certain embodiments, the locking arrangement 400 provided herein may separately or additionally comprise other types of mechanisms and / or components other than locking pins and / or pistons. For example, and without limitation, an extendable and / or collapsible capsule system.

[0069] It is understood that although certain aspects of the structure, configuration, operation and actuation are described here with reference to specific embodiments of the locking arrangement 400 to facilitate a better understanding, this disclosure considers any suitable structure, configuration, operation and / or actuation or suitable combination thereof for the locking arrangement 400 and in any combination with other structures or features described herein.

[0070] In certain embodiments, one or more movable locking elements, e.g. the piston 440 made of Fig. 2, be configured so that they can be switched or controlled, for example by hydraulic pressure and / or by the action of a magnet. In certain embodiments, one or more movable locking elements, e.g. the piston 445 made of Fig. 2, be configured to provide a preload force and / or a restoring force. In certain embodiments, one or more movable elements of the locking arrangement 400 may be configured to receive an actuating force from one direction, or one or more of them may be configured to receive actuating forces from multiple directions. In certain embodiments, one or more movable elements of the locking arrangement 400 may be configured to receive a restoring force and / or preload force from one direction, or one or more of the movable elements may be configured to receive restoring force(s) and / or preload force(s) from multiple directions.In certain embodiments, several movable elements can be configured to move in the same direction when actuated and / or when deactivated, whereby the direction when actuated may be identical or different relative to the direction when deactivated. In certain embodiments, several movable elements can be configured to move in different directions when actuated and / or when deactivated.

[0071] In certain embodiments, the rocker arm assembly 110 may include a dead-fall arrangement, such as the dead-fall arrangement 200. In certain embodiments, the dead-fall arrangement 200 may include one or more systems configured to absorb displacements and / or movements. For example, and without limitation, the dead-fall arrangement 200 may include a dead-fall spring 210 capable of absorbing a valve lift received from the cam section 142, for example, by compression based on the received force, displacement, and / or energy associated with a valve lift from a cam. In certain embodiments, the dead-fall spring 210 may be supported by an optional dead-fall support element 220.

[0072] In certain embodiments, the dead-of-travel arrangement 200 can be attached to and / or held by one or more connecting arrangements that are connected to parts of the rocker arm arrangement 110. In certain embodiments, a first connecting arrangement 230 can functionally connect the dead-of-travel arrangement 200 to a suitable part of the rocker arm arrangement 110, for example, to the first body 130 as a non-limiting example. In certain embodiments, a second connecting arrangement 240 can functionally couple the dead-of-travel arrangement 200 to another suitable part of the rocker arm arrangement 110, for example, to the second body 140 as a non-limiting example. In certain embodiments, the first connecting arrangement 230 and / or the second connecting arrangement 240 can have one or more pivotable couplings to pivotally couple structures as described and / or illustrated herein.In certain embodiments, the first connection 230 and / or the second connection 240 may have one or more slots, anchors, or other suitable means for coupling the dead-end arrangement 200 to one or more remaining parts of the rocker arm arrangement 110. By way of example, and without limitation, a corresponding support slot 235 and / or support slot 245, as at least in the [references], may be provided. Fig. 1 and Fig. 9 shown, can be used to couple, connect and / or support the dead-passage arrangement 200.

[0073] As already mentioned, while certain features of specific locking mechanisms and / or specific lost-motion or dead-pass mechanisms (e.g., locking arrangement 400 or dead-pass arrangement 200) are described and / or illustrated here to facilitate better understanding, it is understood that other suitable forms and features of mechanisms are also fully considered in this disclosure. For example, and without limitation, a switchable arrangement for selectively activating or deactivating the operation of the dead-pass arrangement 200 may, in certain embodiments, be arranged in the dead-pass arrangement 200 and / or otherwise combined with it.

[0074] As previously explained, the locking arrangement 400 may, in certain embodiments, have one or more stop mechanisms, such as the stop mechanism 300. In certain embodiments, such as in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the stop mechanism 300 can have one or more extended stop features, such as the stop notch 310, configured to limit a range of possible movement of the locking arrangement 400, such as a possible relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140. By way of example, and without limitation, such an extended stop feature, e.g., the stop notch 310, can be configured to engage with a suitable engagement feature, such as a stop recess 315.

[0075] In certain embodiments, such as in the Fig. As shown in Figures 1, 5A-5B and 7, the stop mechanism 300 can have a stop bore 320 and / or an extended element such as a stop pin 330. In certain embodiments, a stop bore 320 of the stop mechanism 300 can be configured to penetrate at least part of the first body 130 and the second body 140.

[0076] In certain embodiments, the stop mechanism 300 can be configured to functionally limit a range of relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140. In certain embodiments, the stop pin 330 can be functionally attached to the first body 130 or to the second body 140, for example, to limit the movement of the stop pin 330 along certain directions, such as radially. In certain embodiments, one or more sections of the stop bore 320 in the other body, i.e., the first body 130 or the second body 140, can be appropriately dimensioned to allow the stop pin 330 and a functionally attached part of the rocker arm assembly 110 to move within a permissible range of relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140, while their relative movement beyond permissible ranges, e.g.,an overextension is restricted or otherwise prevented. By way of example and without limitation, as at least in the . Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the stop pin 330 can be functionally attached to a part of the second body 140, e.g., the inner part 180, or to another suitable part. Accordingly, in certain embodiments following such a non-limiting example, the stop bore 320 can be formed or otherwise configured in one or more sections of the other body, for example, the first body 130, so that the stop pin 330, functionally attached to the second body 140, can move within the stop bore 320 to allow a permissible range of relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140, while their relative movement beyond permissible ranges is restricted or otherwise prevented.In certain embodiments, further advantages can be achieved, including those relating to alignment, ease of manufacturing, costs, and uniform force and torque load.

[0077] In certain embodiments, such as in Fig. As shown in Figure 5A, the stop bore 320 of the stop mechanism 300 can have one or more additional features, such as a clearance cut 325. In certain embodiments, one or more such additional features, e.g., a clearance cut 325, can be provided in one or more sections of the first body 130 or the second body 140 that are not connected to the stop pin 330. Figure 5A shows, by way of example and without limitation, the following: Fig. 5A a clearance cut 325 provided in one or more sections of the first body 130, but not in the second body 140, wherein the stop pin 330 is functionally attached to the first body 130. In certain embodiments, a clearance cut such as the clearance cut 325 can be incorporated into one or more sections of the first body 130 or the second body 140, wherein the stop pin 330 is not attached or otherwise functionally restricted. For example, and without limitation, the clearance cut 325 can be incorporated into both sides of the outer arms of the first body 130 or the second body 140, e.g., the first outer section 160 and / or the second outer section 170, wherein the critical stop surface is retained from the original hole of the stop bore 320.In certain embodiments, the clearance cut 325 may have a relatively loose tolerance on one side, but an opposite side of the clearance cut 325 may be designed and machined to prevent overtravel and / or overextension of one or more parts of the rocker arm assembly 110. In certain embodiments, the clearance cut 325 may be configured to functionally restrict relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140, since, for example, the stop pin 330 could otherwise move transversely to contact a section of an arm of the first body 130 or the second body 140 (whichever is not attached to the arm to which the stop pin 330 is attached), for example, if a preload element of the dead-travel assembly 200, e.g., the dead-travel spring 210, is forced to compress more than intended.By way of example and without limitation, in certain embodiments corresponding to undesired operating scenarios, a rocker arm arrangement 110 may enter a critical displacement, whereby the locking pins may shift during the valve stroke and / or lead to an unintentional decoupling of the first body 130 and the second body 140.

[0078] In certain embodiments, the clearance cut 325 can be provided based on an enlargement of a section of the stop bore 320 in the first body 130 or in the second body 140, for example, depending on which of the two bodies, the first body 130 or the second body 140, does not have a stop pin 330. In certain embodiments, one or more edges of the clearance cut 325 can exceed a normal range of movement associated with the operation of the rocker arm assembly 110. For example, and without limitation, one or more edges of the clearance cut 325 can define one or more limits for overtravel or overextension associated with the operation of the rocker arm assembly 110, for example, by operatively limiting a range of movement of the first body 130 and the second body 140 during the operation of the rocker arm assembly 110.

[0079] In certain embodiments, machining of the clearance cut 325, e.g., by machining, can optionally be delayed, for example, as a separate step after other parts of the stop bore 320 have been machined together to maintain alignment. In certain embodiments, the extent of the clearance cut 325 can exceed a normal operating travel of the rocker arm assembly 110, for example, that associated with a range of motion of the dead-end assembly 200. For example, and without limitation, one or more limits of a greater range of motion of the clearance cut 325 than the normal operating travel can be configured to prevent overtravel and / or overextension of the rocker arm assembly 110.

[0080] By way of example, and without limitation, a range of relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140, as described above, can in certain embodiments be associated with a decoupled state of the locking arrangement 400, which allows such relative movement between the first body 130 and the second body 140. By way of example, and without limitation, such a decoupled state, as previously explained, can be associated with a second locking state of the locking arrangement 400.

[0081] In certain embodiments, one or more features, such as the stop bore 320, may be provided, for example by machining or other processing, in at least one section of each first body 130 and each second body 140 when the rocker arm assembly 110 is fixed in an assembled configuration or state. For example, and without limitation, the first body 130 and the second body 140 may be fixed at the rocker arm shaft bore 120 and / or other indexing features of the rocker arm assembly 110, such as one or more bearing shaft bores, valve-side bores or features, hydraulic clearance bores, and / or clearance screw bores.For example, and without limitation, a single bore can be drilled through the first body 130 and the second body 140 to index and position components of the locking assembly 400, while the first body 130 and the second body 140 of the rocker arm assembly 110 are held fixed in the assembled position. For example, and without limitation, such a method can enable precise positioning of the relative position of the locking pin 430 in both the first body 130 and the second body 140 in a fast, precise, and cost-effective manner.

[0082] For example, and without limitation, it may be important for the reliable, consistent, and / or efficient operation of the rocker arm assembly 110 to provide and maintain suitable operating clearances with respect to moving elements of the locking assembly 400, such as the locking pin clearance 432 for the locking pin 430. For example, and without limitation, a stop mechanism that is not functionally aligned with the locking assembly 400, e.g., such that suitable clearances are not properly provided or maintained, may lead to unreliable operation or premature failure, for example, due to contact and / or other disturbances during operation and / or due to excessive locking force requirements resulting from friction of the moving element with a corresponding bore.Accordingly, certain embodiments require the use of expensive and / or time-consuming processes, e.g., grinding, to create and precisely refine relative tolerances between different sub-arrangements of the rocker arm assembly 110, for example, the locking bore 410 of the locking arrangement 400 and the stop bore 320 of the stop mechanism 300.

[0083] In contrast, in certain embodiments considered and described herein, several alignment-sensitive features of the rocker arm assembly 110 can be machined simultaneously or sequentially during a single manufacturing or assembly operation, for example by fixing the first body 130 and the second body 140. For example, and without limitation, the locking bore 410 of the locking assembly 400 and the stop bore 320 of the stop mechanism 300 can be machined simultaneously or sequentially, e.g., by drilling, reaming, and / or another suitable operation, while the first body 130 and the second body 140 can be fixed, for example, by a fixing arrangement.

[0084] For example, and without limitation, such a method can eliminate the need for expensive and / or time-consuming machining, such as grinding, of locking bores to correct deviations in bore size and / or position that may be exacerbated separately or additionally after heat treatment of the rocker arm assembly 110. In certain embodiments, one or more pins, such as one or more stop pins, locking pins, and / or pistons, can be manufactured using a one-size-fits-all strategy. In certain embodiments, clearance variation can be primarily addressed by controlling a tolerance of a recess on the pins.

[0085] In certain embodiments, one or more sections of the locking bore 410 can be machined to the same diameter for ease of machining in at least one part of the first body 130 and the second body 140, for example, by reaming. In certain embodiments, one or more movable components of the locking assembly 400, for example, actuating pistons such as piston 440 and / or piston 445, can have a smaller bore than the locking bore 410. For example, and without limitation, an insertion sleeve or an insert, for example, insert 420, can be inserted into the locking bore 410 to install such elements with a smaller diameter than the bore, such as a piston. In certain embodiments, the insert 420 can be engaged by a simple, robust mechanism, such as the one described in Fig. 6. Ball 428 shown as an example and not as a limitation, in which it is fastened in the locking bore 410.

[0086] In certain embodiments, the insert 420 can either be attached with a light press fit. In certain embodiments, which are described in Fig.As illustrated in Figure 6 by way of example and without limitation, a suitable element, such as the ball 428, can be pressed to close certain sections of the hydraulic bore 470, such as the feed hole interfaces, with an external chamfer centered on a sleeve or insert 420. In certain embodiments, when the fastening is effected by the ball 428, the diameter of the insert 420 can be configured to form a sliding-fit insert while simultaneously limiting the flow of hydraulic fluid through the gap. In certain embodiments, such a gap can also serve to aid in the drainage of oil behind the piston during the transition to a de-energized or unactuated state of the locking arrangement 400.

[0087] In certain embodiments, the stop bore 320 of the stop mechanism 300 can be machined separately or additionally to be arranged through at least one section of each first body 130 and second body 140 when the bodies are fixed in an assembled configuration of the rocker arm assembly 110. In certain embodiments, the stop bore 320 and the locking bore 410 can be machined together, e.g., sequentially or simultaneously during a common operation, while the first body 130 and the second body 140 are fixed in an assembled configuration of the rocker arm assembly 110. In certain embodiments, a stop element, e.g., a stop pin 330, can be attached to at least one part of the first body 130 or the second body 140. For example, and without limitation, the stop pin 330 can be attached to an inner part, such as the inner part 180.For example, and without limitation, the stop pin 330 can be fastened as disclosed using an interference fit and / or another interference fit. For example, and without limitation, such a fastened stop arrangement, e.g., the stop pin 330, can be configured to engage with the other part, i.e., the first body 130 or the second body 140, to which the stop pin 330 is not fastened. For example, and without limitation, the stop pin 330 can be configured to engage with the other body at one end of the stop pin 330.

[0088] In certain embodiments, the stop pin 330 can be configured to engage at both ends of the pin with a plurality of arm sections, e.g., two outer sections such as the first outer section 160 and the second outer section 170. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, such a configuration can prevent a torque from acting that might otherwise be exerted by a stop arrangement that is offset from a corresponding line or plane of action of a force and / or disturbance, e.g., a line of action of a preload force of the dead-fall spring 210. In certain embodiments, the precise but rapid generation of relatively indexed positions (e.g.,The engaging stop features of the stop mechanism 300 and / or the locking bore 410 of the locking assembly 400) with respect to the first body 130 and the second body 140, for example, by the common processing facility described herein, the necessity of certain structures, features and / or processes that are typically required, and / or it can be ensured that other critical features are positioned relatively correctly and quickly, thereby saving time, costs and / or complexity associated with the processing, the parts and / or the system. For example, and without limitation, a bushing that might have to be pressed into the bores of the rocker arm shaft of alternative rocker arm assemblies can be avoided based on the systems and procedures described herein. clauses

[0089] Clause 1. A rocker arm assembly comprising: a first body and a second body functionally connected to the first body, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is configured to be rotatable about a rocker arm shaft; a locking assembly operable in a first locking state and a second locking state, comprising a locking bore extending through at least one section of the first body and the second body, wherein the locking assembly is configured to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them in the first locking state and to permit relative movement between the first body and the second body in the second locking state;and a stop mechanism comprising a stop bore and a stop pin arranged in the stop bore, wherein the stop bore is configured to pass through at least a part of the first body and the second body, wherein the stop mechanism is configured to functionally limit a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement.

[0090] Clause 2. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 1, wherein the stop bore of the stop mechanism has a first section connected to the second body, wherein a radius of curvature of the first section is configured on the basis of a radius of curvature of the stop pin.

[0091] Clause 3. The rocker arm assembly according to Clause 1 or 2, wherein the stop bore has a second section connected to the second body, the second section being configured to prevent overflow of the first body or the second body during operation of the rocker arm assembly.

[0092] Clause 4. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 3, wherein the second section of the stop bore is configured to overlap with at least one section of the stop bore in the second body.

[0093] Clause 5. The rocker arm assembly according to Clause 3 or 4, wherein one or more edges of the second section define a limit for the permissible stroke of the stop pin during operation of the rocker arm assembly.

[0094] Clause 6. The rocker arm arrangement according to any one of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein either the first body or the second body has a cam section configured to receive a valve lift profile from a cam, and wherein the other body, either the first body or the second body, has a valve section configured to engage functionally with one or more valves.

[0095] Clause 7. The rocker arm arrangement according to one of Clauses 1 to 6, wherein the stop pin is functionally attached to the first body.

[0096] Clause 8. The rocker arm arrangement according to any one of Clauses 1 to 7, wherein one of the first bodies or the second bodies has a fork section with a first outer section and a second outer section configured to axially surround and support an inner section of the other of the first bodies or the second bodies.

[0097] Clause 9. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 8, wherein the locking bore is configured to be located in at least one section of each first outer section, second outer section and inner section.

[0098] Clause 10. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 9, wherein the locking bore passes through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section, second outer section and inner section.

[0099] Clause 11. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 10, wherein the stop bore passes through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section, each second outer section and each inner section.

[0100] Clause 12. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 6, which further comprises a dead-space arrangement functionally connected to the first body and the second body and configured to selectively absorb at least a portion of the valve lift profile received from the cam.

[0101] Clause 13. The rocker arm arrangement according to Clause 12, wherein the dead-of-travel arrangement, which absorbs at least part of the valve stroke profile, is connected with actuating the locking arrangement in the second locking state.

[0102] Clause 14. The rocker arm arrangement from Clause 12, wherein the dead-pass arrangement is operable within a range that has a folded position and an extended position.

[0103] Clause 15. The rocker arm assembly of Clause 14, wherein the dead-travel assembly has a dead-travel spring and wherein the dead-travel spring is configured to bias the dead-travel assembly in the direction of the extended position.

[0104] Clause 16. The rocker arm arrangement of Clause 12, wherein the stop mechanism has a stop surface configured to engage with the stop pin to prevent overextension of the dead-end arrangement.

[0105] Clause 17. The rocker arm arrangement according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 8, wherein the locking arrangement further comprises one or more locking pins, wherein the one or more locking pins are hydraulically or electrically actuated to selectively decouple the first body and the second body.

[0106] Clause 18. A method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly comprising: holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally connected to each other during operation;Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is held in the assembled configuration, a locking bore extending through the first body and the second body, such that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly includes the locking bore; providing, while the rocker arm assembly is constrained in the assembled configuration, a stop bore extending through each of the first body and the second body, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly includes the stop bore and a stop pin;and arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to one of the first bodies or the second bodies, so that the stop mechanism functionally restricts a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body, which is associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement.

[0107] Clause 19. The method according to Clause 18, wherein the locking bore is provided such that it passes through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first and second bodies.

[0108] Clause 20. The method according to Clause 18 or 19, wherein the stop hole is provided such that it passes through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first and second bodies.

[0109] Clause 21. The method according to any one of Clauses 18 to 20, further comprising the provision of an adaptation section connected to the stop bore in the second body, configured such that its radius of curvature can accommodate the stop pin, the stop pin being connected to the first body.

[0110] Clause 22. A method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly, comprising: holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally coupled during operation; providing, while the rocker arm assembly is held together in the assembled configuration, a stop bore extending through each of the first bodies and the second body, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly comprises the stop bore and a stop pin, and wherein the stop bore has a section adapted to the second body such that a radius of curvature of the adapted section is configured to receive the stop pin;Arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to the first body, such that the stop mechanism defines a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body; and providing a clearance cut that overlaps with at least one section of the stop bore in the second body, wherein one or more edges of the clearance cut define a limit of the allowable travel of the stop pin coupled to the first body during operation of the rocker arm assembly.

[0111] Clause 23. The method according to Clause 22, further comprising: providing, while the rocker arm assembly is fixed in the assembled configuration, a locking bore passing through the first body and the second body, such that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly comprises the locking bore. Miscellaneous

[0112] The foregoing description of the embodiments serves for illustration and description purposes. It makes no claim to completeness and is not intended to limit disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but are, where applicable, interchangeable and may be used in a selected embodiment, even if they are not expressly shown or described. For example, it is possible that any of the features described in one of the embodiments may be combined with one or more other desired features from other embodiments, leading to other embodiments that may not be described in words or with reference to the drawings, but are fully considered.It is understood that changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the disclosure, the illustrations, and / or the following claims. Such variations are fully provided for here and are not to be considered a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are to be included within the scope of the disclosure.

[0113] The terms used in the claims shall be interpreted in such a way as to have the broadest possible meaningful interpretation in accordance with the foregoing description. For example, the use of the article "a" or "the" when introducing an element should not be interpreted as excluding a multitude of elements. Likewise, the phrase "or" should be interpreted as inclusive, so that the phrase "A or B" does not exclude "A and B" unless it is clear from the context or the foregoing description that only one of A and B is meant. Furthermore, the phrase "at least one of A, B and C" should be interpreted as referring to one or more elements from a group of elements consisting of A, B and C, and not as requiring at least one of the listed elements A, B and C, regardless of whether A, B and C are related to each other as categories or otherwise.Furthermore, the statement “A, B and / or C” or “at least one of A, B or C” should be interpreted as indicating each individual unit of the listed elements, e.g. A, each subset of the listed elements, e.g. A and B, or the entire list of elements A, B and C.

[0114] It should be noted that the figures shown herein may be schematic and not literal or precise; components and aspects of the figures are not necessarily to scale. Furthermore, while in many cases the same reference numerals or numbers may denote corresponding parts in the different views, corresponding parts are not always identified by the same reference numerals or numbers in every view. Moreover, corresponding parts may not be identified in every view or figure. The numerical ranges mentioned in this application are to be understood as including the endpoints of the specified ranges. Certain axes, such as one or more rotational, transverse, and / or longitudinal axes, which may be omitted in some illustrations herein, are to be understood as being present in every illustration or situation in which they are mentioned or to which they reasonably correspond.Directional descriptions or references such as "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "left" or "right" are given here for the convenience of reference and do not restrict the embodiments disclosed herein either individually or in the assembled or installed state. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] US 6 3 / 520,450

[0001]

Claims

[1] A rocker arm assembly consisting of: a first body and a second body functionally connected to the first body, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is configured to be rotatable about a tilting shaft; a locking arrangement which is actuable in a first locking state and a second locking state and which has a locking bore which passes through at least a part of the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement is configured to to functionally couple the first body and the second body in order to prevent relative movement between them in the first locking state, and to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body in the second locking state; and a stop mechanism comprising a stop bore and a stop pin arranged in the stop bore, wherein the stop bore is configured to pass through at least a part of the first body and the second body, wherein the stop mechanism is configured to functionally limit a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement. [2] Toggle lever arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the stop bore of the stop mechanism has a first section which is connected to the second body, wherein a radius of curvature of the first section is configured on the basis of a radius of curvature of the stop pin. [3] Rocker arm arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stop bore has a second section which is connected to the second body, wherein the second section is configured to prevent over-stroke of the first body or the second body during operation of the rocker arm arrangement. [4] Toggle lever arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the second section of the stop bore is configured to overlap with at least one section of the stop bore in the second body. [5] Toggle lever arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, wherein one or more edges of the second section define a limit for the permissible stroke of the stop pin during operation of the toggle lever arrangement. [6] Rocker arm arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein either the first body or the second body has a cam section configured to receive a valve lift profile from a cam, and wherein the other body, either the first body or the second body, has a valve section configured to engage functionally with one or more valves. [7] Toggle lever arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the stop pin is functionally attached to the first body. [8] Rocker arm arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein either the first body or the second body has a forked section with a first outer section and a second outer section configured to axially enclose and support an inner section of the other body, either the first body or the second body. [9] Toggle lever arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the locking bore is configured to be located in at least one section of each first outer section, second outer section and inner section. [10] Toggle lever arrangement according to claim 9, wherein the locking bore passes through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section, the second outer section and the inner section. [11] Rocker arm arrangement according to claim 10, wherein the stop bore passes through a respective cross-sectional thickness of each first outer section, the second outer section and the inner section. [12] Rocker arm arrangement according to claim 6, further comprising a dead-way arrangement functionally connected to the first body and the second body and configured to selectively absorb at least a part of the valve lift profile received from the cam. [13] Rocker arm arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the dead-of-travel arrangement, which absorbs at least a part of the valve stroke profile, is connected with actuating the locking arrangement in the second locking state. [14] Rocker arm arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the dead-pass arrangement is operable within a range which has a folded position and an extended position. [15] Rocker arm arrangement according to claim 14, wherein the dead-travel arrangement has a dead-travel spring and wherein the dead-travel spring is configured to bias the dead-travel arrangement in the direction of the extended position. [16] Toggle lever arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the stop mechanism has a stop surface configured to engage with the stop pin to prevent overextension of the dead-end arrangement. [17] Toggle lever arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the locking arrangement further comprises one or more locking pins, wherein the one or more locking pins are actuated hydraulically or electrically to selectively decouple the first body and the second body. [18] A method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly comprising the following: Holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally coupled during operation; Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is held in the assembled configuration, a locking bore passing through the first body and the second body, so that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly has the locking bore; Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is constrained in the assembled configuration, a stop bore extending through each of the first bodies and the second body, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly comprises the stop bore and a stop pin; and Arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to the first body or the second body, so that the stop mechanism functionally restricts a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body, which is associated with the second locking state of the locking arrangement. [19] Method according to claim 18, wherein the locking bore is provided such that it passes through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first and second bodies. [20] Method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the stop bore is provided such that it passes through several cross-sectional sections of at least one of the first bodies or the second bodies. [21] Method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising providing an adaptation section connected to the stop bore in the second body, which is configured such that its radius of curvature can accommodate the stop pin, wherein the stop pin is connected to the first body. [22] A method for manufacturing a rocker arm assembly comprising: Holding together a first body and a second body of the rocker arm assembly in an assembled configuration, wherein at least one of the first bodies or the second body is rotatable about a rocker arm shaft and wherein the first body and the second body are functionally coupled during operation; Providing a stop bore passing through the first body and the second body while the rocker arm assembly is held together in the assembled configuration, wherein a stop mechanism of the rocker arm assembly comprises the stop bore and a stop pin, and wherein the stop bore has a section adapted to the second body such that a radius of curvature of the adapted section is configured to accommodate the stop pin; Arranging the stop pin in the stop bore and coupling the stop pin to the first body, so that the stop mechanism defines a range of relative movement between the first body and the second body; and Providing a clearance cut that overlaps with at least one section of the stop bore in the second body, wherein one or more edges of the clearance cut define a limit of the allowable travel of the stop pin connected to the first body during operation of the rocker arm assembly. [23] The method of claim 22, further comprising: Providing, while the rocker arm assembly is fixed in the assembled configuration, a locking bore passing through the first body and the second body, so that a locking arrangement can be actuated in a first locking state to functionally couple the first body and the second body to prevent relative movement between them, and the locking arrangement can be actuated in a second locking state to allow relative movement between the first body and the second body, wherein the locking arrangement of the rocker arm assembly has the locking bore.

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