Training device for controlling a user's breathing during a training session with the training device

Abstract

Training device (1) for controlling the breathing of a user during a training session with the training device (1), wherein the training device (1) is configured to perform the following steps: - Capture (301) at least one parameter representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device (1) by a data processing unit (3) of the training device (1); - Determining (302) a specification of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1) on the basis of the recorded at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training; - Providing (303) the specified breathing information to the user by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1).

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the fitness sector and in particular to a training device for controlling the breathing of a user during a training session with the training device. Technical background of the invention

[0002] Proper breathing is a very important aspect during a user's physical activity in order to achieve optimal performance when training with a training device, not only during warm-up and / or execution, but also during the recovery phase.

[0003] Furthermore, correct breathing guarantees better oxygen supply to the brain, lowers the heart rate with subsequent activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, reduces anxiety and stress, and improves posture (especially in the cervical and lumbar spine area).

[0004] When conducting a physical training session, personal trainers often emphasize the importance of coordinating the different phases of breathing with the movement, especially during overload training.

[0005] In fact, during overload training, lifting supramaximal loads while holding one's breath should be avoided, as this would lead to an excessive and dangerous increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

[0006] Furthermore, breathing affects and regulates blood pressure.

[0007] Additionally, it is important to control a set breathing rate and / or the exhalation and inhalation phases according to the type of training and / or the training equipment used.

[0008] The respiratory system is connected to the cardiovascular system, and the frequency of both systems increases during physical exercise.

[0009] As training becomes more intense, you feel the need to breathe through your mouth as well, because the body needs more oxygen and at the same time has to expel carbon dioxide.

[0010] However, this type of oxygen supply to the body is not always correct and can sometimes lead to increased fatigue.

[0011] Given this, there is a strong need to be able to provide users with timely and reliable information on how to control their breathing while training on an exercise machine. Summary

[0012] It is an object of the present invention to develop and provide a training device for controlling a user's breathing during training on the training device, with which the disadvantages described above in relation to the prior art can be at least partially eliminated, in particular by making it possible to provide users with timely and reliable information on how to control their breathing during training on a training device.

[0013] This problem is solved by a training device according to claims 1 and 10.

[0014] Preferred embodiments of the training device are defined in the dependent claims. Brief description of the drawings

[0015] Further features and advantages of the training device according to the invention will become apparent from the following description, which illustrates preferred embodiments by means of indicative, non-limiting examples with reference to the accompanying figures. These show: - Fig. 1a, Fig. 1b, Fig. 1c, Fig. 1d, Fig. 1e and Fig. 1f Examples of a training device that can be used by a user to perform a physical activity; - Fig. 2a. using a block diagram, a training device that implements steps for controlling the breathing of a user during training with a training device according to an embodiment of the present invention; - Fig. 2b. using a block diagram, a training device that implements steps for controlling the breathing of a user during training with a training device according to a further embodiment of the present invention; - Fig. 3. A training device, which implements steps for controlling a user's breathing during training with a training device according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown using a block diagram. - Fig. 4a, 4b and 5a-5b are graphical representations that can be used to illustrate the types of respiratory control.

[0016] It should be noted that in the aforementioned figures, equivalent or similar elements are labelled with the same numerical and / or alphanumeric reference symbols. Detailed description

[0017] A training device 1 for controlling the breathing of a user during a training session with the training device according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the aforementioned figures.

[0018] The training device 1 can be any training device that can be used by a user to perform a physical activity remotely (e.g. from home) or in a gym, either alone or in a training class.

[0019] Examples of training equipment 1 are in the Fig. 1a-1f shown.

[0020] Fig. Figure 1a shows an example of a treadmill.

[0021] Fig. Figure 1b shows an example of a bicycle or an exercise bike (home trainer).

[0022] Fig. Figure 1c shows an example of a rowing machine.

[0023] Fig. 1d, Fig. 1e and Fig. Figures 1 and 2 show examples of strength training equipment.

[0024] Every strength training machine in the Fig. 1d, Fig. 1e and Fig. 1f features movable elements (shown in the figures) that can be operated by the user to perform strength training by moving a corresponding training load. Specifically, the movable elements are operated by the user in a first direction of movement (so-called concentric movement), which simulates lifting a gravitational load (training load), and in a second direction of movement (so-called eccentric movement) in the opposite direction to the first direction of movement, which simulates returning the gravitational load (training load) to its starting position.

[0025] In the examples of Fig. 1d and Fig. 1f The strength training device includes a motor (not shown in the figures) which is functionally connected to the moving elements, for example, by mechanical kinematic mechanisms. The motor is configured to exert a resistance force on the moving elements that corresponds to the training load that the user can move during the execution of the training by operating the moving elements.

[0026] In the example of the Fig. In 1e, the strength training device instead comprises a weight package (partially shown in the figure) which is functionally connected to the moving elements, for example, by mechanical kinematic mechanisms. The weight package represents the training load that the user can move during the execution of the training by operating the moving elements.

[0027] The following description, in particular with reference to the Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b applies to all training equipment listed above.

[0028] The training device 1 includes a user interface 2 which is configured to allow a user to interact with the training device 1.

[0029] The training device 1 includes a data processing unit 3, e.g. a microprocessor or a microcontroller.

[0030] The user interface 2 is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1.

[0031] The training device 1 also includes a storage unit 4, which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0032] Storage unit 4 can be either internal or external (as in the following examples): Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b shown) to data processing unit 3.

[0033] It should be noted that the storage unit 4 is configured to store one or more program codes that can be executed by the data processing unit 3, as well as data that is generated and processed after the execution of the one or more program codes.

[0034] The data processing unit 3 is configured to control the operation of the training device 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the data processing unit 3 is configured to perform steps for controlling a user's breathing during training with a training device according to the present invention, as described below.

[0036] More precisely, the data processing unit 3 is configured to capture at least one parameter that is representative of a physical training session performed by the user with the training device 1.

[0037] “Parameter representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device” means any parameter relating to the training device and / or the user and / or the training program that can be recorded by the data processing unit 3 during the execution of the physical training, because it can be recorded by the data processing unit 3 (either directly or indirectly, as explained below) or can be determined on the basis of other parameters that have either been recorded or are known to it, or is set automatically or manually by the user during the physical training according to a defined training program.

[0038] Examples of a “parameter that is representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device”, as a function of the training device 1 and, where applicable, the physical training performed with the training device 1, are listed below.

[0039] If the training device 1 is a treadmill and the physical training is running / walking on the treadmill, it includes at least one parameter that is representative of physical training, either alternatively or in combination (and / or) with each other: - the speed of the treadmill; - the user's running / walking cadence on the treadmill; - the incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill.

[0040] If the training device 1 is a bicycle or an exercise bike, it includes at least one parameter that is representative of physical training, either alternatively or in combination with each other: - the resistance of the bicycle or exercise bike to the user's pedaling; - the cadence of the user on the bicycle or training bike.

[0041] If the training device 1 is a rowing machine, it includes at least one parameter that is representative of physical training, either alternatively or in combination with each other: - the resistance of the rowing machine to the rowing of the user; - the user's rowing frequency on the rowing machine.

[0042] If the training device 1 is a strength training device (weight machine), it includes at least one parameter that is representative of physical training, either alternatively or in combination with each other: - the weight of the weight training equipment; - the percentage of the load in relation to the user's maximum (1RM) for a given workout; - the eccentric phase of the user's movement; - the concentric phase of the user's movement; - the position along the range of motion during the eccentric phase; - the position along the range of motion during the concentric phase; - the repetition cadence of a series within physical training; - the recovery time; - the consecutive number of a series within physical training.

[0043] In addition, more generally, at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training, regardless of the type of training equipment 1 (which can be of any type), may include a fixed duration of the training program, e.g., the cool-down period at the end of a physical training session (running, walking, cycling or rowing) or the pre-training (or warm-up) period required to better prepare the body for the training.

[0044] In one embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to directly capture the at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training (e.g., if such a parameter is a parameter that is either automatically or manually set by the user and / or automatically provided by the training program).

[0045] In one embodiment, the training device 1 comprises, in combination with any of the above-described and in the Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b further shows a sensor unit 5 which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0046] It should be noted that sensor unit 5 (symbolically represented in the Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b) comprises a plurality of sensors with which the training device 1 is equipped to detect information for the management and control of the operation of the training device 1 during the performance of a physical training by a user and to make it available to the data processing unit 3.

[0047] In addition, the data processing unit 3 has a hardware / software configuration designed to collect information for managing and controlling the operation of the training device 1 during a user's physical training.

[0048] If, for example, training equipment 1 is a treadmill and the physical training consists of running / walking on the treadmill: - the speed of the treadmill can be detected by an encoder (or other equivalent devices) or by a defined configuration of the data processing unit 3, which detects the speed of the treadmill; - To determine the speed of the treadmill, a change in the current drawn by an electric motor designed to move the running / walking surface can be detected either explicitly by a current sensor or implicitly by a defined configuration of the data processing unit 3, which detects the change in the current drawn by the electric motor; - To determine the user's running / walking cadence on the treadmill by the data processing unit 3, an impact effect of the user's feet on the running / walking surface is detected by suitable sensors, such as accelerometers arranged under the running / walking surface.

[0049] If training device 1 is a bicycle or an exercise bike: - The resistance that opposes the user's pedaling can be detected, for example, by a torque transmitter or an encoder.

[0050] If training device 1 is a rowing machine: - The resistance to the user's rowing can be detected, for example, using a torque meter or an encoder.

[0051] If training device 1 is a strength training device (weight machine): - the load can be detected, for example, by a strain gauge, a torque meter, a magnetic sensor, or a label that identifies the load size selected for physical training; - the position along the range of motion during the eccentric phase and / or during the concentric phase can be detected, for example, by a position sensor; - The repetition execution cadence of a series within physical training, the eccentric phase and the concentric phase can be detected, for example, by an optical sensor or an accelerometer.

[0052] In one embodiment, the data processing unit 3, in combination with one of the embodiments described above, is configured to receive the at least one parameter representative of the physical training from the sensor unit 5, which is configured to detect this parameter (e.g., if this parameter is a parameter that is to be detected during the execution of the training).

[0053] In general, the data processing unit 3 is further configured to determine, on the basis of the captured at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training, a breathing pattern that the user should follow during the performance of the physical training.

[0054] In one embodiment, the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 is configured to directly determine the breathing instructions that the user is to follow during the physical training.

[0055] Therefore, in this embodiment, the “intelligent” part of the processing is entirely contained in the training device 1.

[0056] According to another embodiment, which is an alternative to the preceding one, the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 is configured to delegate the determination of the breathing instructions to be followed by the user during the physical training to a remote electronic processor (e.g. a cloud server, not shown in the figures) which is functionally connected to the training device 1 via a data communication network (also not shown in the figures).

[0057] The remote electronic processor is configured to determine, and provide to the training device 1, an indication of the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during the physical training, based on at least one captured parameter that is representative of the physical training and is provided to the remote electronic processor by the training device 1.

[0058] Therefore, in this embodiment, the “intelligent” part of the processing lies in the remote electronic processor, which, in addition to providing the training program, can also determine the breathing pattern to be followed within the training program.

[0059] Regarding the instructions on how the user should breathe during physical training, the following is noteworthy.

[0060] When a training program is provided, instructions for the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during physical training are provided in the form of operating instructions contained in the training program algorithm's operating instructions, e.g., instructions stored in the pre-training and / or cool-down step.

[0061] In this case, such instructions (such as the duration of the phase, the breathing rate, the duration of the breathing phases) may depend on the type of training to be performed or performed (i.e., also on the type of training equipment), the intensity level of the training, the duration of the training, etc.

[0062] During physical training, the breathing data are related to the at least one recorded parameter that is representative of the physical training in a way that depends on the type of physical training (and therefore also on the type of training equipment).

[0063] The aforementioned correlation can be represented, for example, in the form of a table or a mathematical function.

[0064] Examples of breathing techniques include breathing techniques before training, breathing techniques for cardiovascular training (running or walking, cycling or exercise bike) and breathing techniques for strength training.

[0065] Pre-workout breathing techniques prepare the breathing before the start of a physical training session and prepare the body for the workout by maintaining a set level of relaxation.

[0066] An example of a breathing technique before training includes the following operational phases: - Performing a set number of deep breaths; - Breathing in through the nose; - inflate the abdomen and diaphragm; - exhale slowly through your mouth.

[0067] Examples of breathing techniques for cardiovascular training include diaphragmatic breathing and chest breathing.

[0068] Diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing allows for the maximum supply of oxygen to the body.

[0069] In contrast, chest breathing only uses the upper part of the lungs, and the inhaled air remains in the lungs for only a short time, thus preventing complete exchange and reducing oxygen supply.

[0070] Another aspect of breathing that can be measured during physical training as part of cardiovascular training is the respiratory rate, as shown below.

[0071] For a low-intensity run, a correct frequency might be 3:3, i.e., inhale every 3 steps, exhale every 3 steps, and so on.

[0072] For a run at medium intensity, a correct frequency could be 2:2, i.e., inhale every 2 steps, exhale every 2 steps, and so on.

[0073] During a high-intensity run, a correct frequency can be 1:1, i.e., inhale for one step, exhale for one step, and so on.

[0074] In contrast, when it comes to strength training, examples of breathing techniques are based on the anatomical principle and the performance principle.

[0075] During strength training, the breathing technique follows the anatomical principle of the natural frequency of the expansion and closure of the rib cage.

[0076] In this case: - During pressure exercises, exhalation occurs during the concentric phase and inhalation during the eccentric phase; - During pulling exercises, you inhale during the concentric phase and exhale during the eccentric phase.

[0077] It should be noted that during pressing exercises, the rib cage tends to close in the concentric phase, while it tends to open in the eccentric phase.

[0078] In contrast, during pulling exercises, the rib cage tends to open during the concentric phase, while it tends to close during the eccentric phase.

[0079] In the case of strength training, breathing technique, according to the performance principle, always involves breathing in such a way that the greatest load can be lifted.

[0080] In all strength exercises (pushing and pulling), the performance principle means that you exhale during the concentric phase and inhale during the eccentric phase.

[0081] It should be noted that more weight is moved during exhalation, so that one is in the best condition in the most unfavorable phase, i.e. the concentric phase (about 50% more force is available in the eccentric phase).

[0082] Comparison between the anatomical principle and the performance principle: - it is natural to apply the anatomical principle when the load is relatively light and not about to give way (simple load management); - the performance principle is applied when the load is close to the maximum or close to giving way (problematic repetitions) (this is self-evident; otherwise the repetitions cannot be repeated).

[0083] Referring to the Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b, the data processing unit 3 is configured according to one embodiment in combination with any of the embodiments described above such that, if the training device 1 is a treadmill, it detects a speed of the treadmill and / or a running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or an incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill.

[0084] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to determine the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during physical training according to the detected speed of the treadmill and / or the detected running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or the detected incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill.

[0085] According to a further embodiment, which is an alternative to the above embodiments, the data processing unit 3, if the training device 1 is a bicycle or a training bike, is configured to detect resistance to the user's pedaling and / or the user's cadence.

[0086] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to determine the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during physical training as a function of the detected resistance to the user's pedaling and / or the detected pedaling frequency of the user.

[0087] According to another embodiment, which is an alternative to the above embodiments, if the training device 1 is a rowing machine, the data processing unit 3 is configured to detect resistance to the user's rowing and / or rowing frequency of the user.

[0088] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to determine the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during the physical training as a function of the detected resistance to the user's rowing and / or the detected rowing frequency of the user.

[0089] According to a further embodiment, as an alternative to the above embodiments, the data processing unit 3, if the training device 1 is a strength training device, is configured to detect an eccentric phase and / or a concentric phase of a movement of the user and / or the repetition execution cadence of a series within the physical training and / or the load of the training device 1 and / or a position along the range of motion during the eccentric phase and / or a position along the range of motion during the concentric phase and / or determine a percentage of the load relative to the user's maximum (1RM) for a specified physical training.

[0090] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to determine the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during the physical training as a function of the detected eccentric phase and / or concentric phase of the user's movement and / or the detected repetition cadence of a series within the physical training and / or the detected load of the training device 1.

[0091] According to one embodiment, the data processing unit 3, in combination with any of the embodiments described above, is configured, regardless of the type of training device 1, to detect the user's heart rate.

[0092] The user's heart rate can be detected via a heart rate monitor or other equivalent devices worn by the user and connected to the data processing unit 3 (e.g. via a wireless data connection) or included in the sensor unit 5 of the training device 1, or via a specified configuration of the data processing unit 3 which detects the user's heart rate.

[0093] It should be noted that the detected heart rate provides information to further refine the breathing instructions to be provided to the user during physical training.

[0094] In particular, the detected heart rate is compared to a target value representing the user's maximum heart rate in order to determine what percentage of the target value representing the user's maximum heart rate is achieved by the user, in order to determine the user's subjective effort and the respective training zone (e.g., near the anaerobic threshold).

[0095] In fact, the same physical training can lead to different heart rate responses in two users with different physical characteristics and therefore different target values ​​for maximum heart rate.

[0096] Therefore, a user who is more fatigued than another may need a change in the specified breathing pattern to follow, for example, a different correlation between the physical training mode and the breathing pattern to follow.

[0097] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to provide the user with a modified indication of the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during physical training, according to the detected heart rate of the user (e.g., a different correlation between the physical training mode and the breathing pattern to be followed).

[0098] With general reference to the invention and the Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b the data processing unit 3 is further configured to provide the user with the specific information on respiration.

[0099] In one embodiment, which is combined with the preceding one and incorporated into the Fig. 2a and Fig. As shown in Figure 2b, the training device 1 includes a loudspeaker 6 which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0100] In one embodiment, the specific indication of breathing includes an audio message (e.g., the voice of a personal trainer) which can be used by the user via the loudspeaker 6 of the training device 1.

[0101] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to broadcast the specific breathing information in the form of an audio message via the loudspeaker 6 of the training device 1.

[0102] In one embodiment, in combination with the foregoing, the audio loudspeaker 6 comprises a loudspeaker.

[0103] According to another embodiment, as an alternative to the above embodiments, the loudspeaker 6 is a hardware component configured to be functionally connected, for example, wirelessly or via a wired connection, to headphones available to a user.

[0104] According to one embodiment, either alternatively or in combination with the foregoing embodiment, which is described in the Fig. 2a and Fig. As shown in Figure 2b, the training device 1 also includes a display module 7, e.g. a display which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0105] In one embodiment, either alternatively or in combination with the foregoing embodiment, the specific indication of respiration comprises a graphical representation that is visible via the display module 7 of the training device 1.

[0106] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is configured to display the specified breathing data in the form of a graphical representation via the display module 7 of the training device 1.

[0107] According to a Fig. In the embodiment shown in 2a, the user interface 2 differs from the data processing unit 3, the storage unit 4, the sensor unit 5, the audio speaker 6 and the display module 7, which are therefore located outside the user interface 2, e.g. integrated into other parts of the training device 1.

[0108] According to another embodiment, which in Fig. As shown in Figure 2b, the data processing unit 3, the storage unit 4, the sensor unit 5, the audio speaker 6 and the display module 7 are contained in and integrated into the user interface 2.

[0109] The graphical representation is preferably animated, as it provides the user with an indicator ID ( Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b) or an EC indicator ( Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b) displays, whose animation helps the user to follow the breathing phases more immediately and intuitively.

[0110] According to a report in the Fig. 4a and Fig. In the embodiment shown in 4b, the graphic representation includes a time pattern ST (e.g. a sine curve) of the IS (inhalation) and ES (exhalation) breathing phases to be followed during the performance of the physical training.

[0111] Referring to the exemplary embodiment in Fig. 4a, the time pattern ST, if the physical training performed by the user is running on a treadmill, is a sine wave whose rising phase is an inhalation phase IS and whose falling phase is an exhalation phase ES.

[0112] In this embodiment, the sine curve ST includes a breathing phase (inhalation IS or exhalation ES) every two steps PS of a user between two successive foot impacts IP.

[0113] During a run of moderate intensity, a correct breathing rate can be 2:2, which means inhaling every 2 steps and exhaling every 2 steps, and so on.

[0114] During physical training, an indicator ID appears on the time pattern ST, which can move in the direction indicated by the arrows shown on the time pattern ST. Its position along the time pattern ST indicates to the user the breathing phase to follow, so that the cadence detected during running correlates with the breathing rate, as in the example just shown.

[0115] It should be noted that depending on the detected speed of the treadmill or the detected cadence, different correlations with the frequency of the breathing phases can be established, resulting in time patterns (e.g. sine curves) with different shapes.

[0116] Referring to the exemplary embodiment in Fig. 4b, if the physical training performed by the user is strength training on a strength training machine, the time pattern ST is a sine curve, with its rising phase being an inhalation phase IS and its falling phase being an exhalation phase ES.

[0117] In this embodiment, each eccentric movement ME of the user corresponds to an inhalation phase IS of the sine curve ST, while each concentric movement MC of the user corresponds to an exhalation phase ES.

[0118] During physical training, an indicator ID appears on the ST time graph, the position of which along the ST time pattern indicates to the user which breathing phase to follow.

[0119] According to a further embodiment, which is either an alternative or a combination with the foregoing embodiments and in the Fig. As shown in 5a-5b, the graphic representation includes an animated graphic element EG, the animation of which represents the breathing phases to be followed during the performance of the physical training.

[0120] The animated graphic element EG is a geometric shape (e.g. a circle or a sphere) whose size changes with the breathing phases.

[0121] According to the exemplary embodiment in the Fig. 5a-5b the animated graphic element EG is a circle (or a sphere).

[0122] During the inhalation phase IS ( Fig. 5a) The radius of the animated graphic element EG (circle) increases from a first value R1, which corresponds to a first circle S-1 (represented by a dashed line), to a second value R2, which corresponds to a second circle S-2 (represented by a solid line).

[0123] The second value R2 is greater than the first value R1.

[0124] During the exhalation phase ES ( Fig. 5b) the radius of the animated graphic element EG (circle) decreases from the second value R2, which corresponds to the second circle S-2 (represented by a dashed line), to the first value R1, which corresponds to the first circle S-1 (represented by a solid line).

[0125] With reference to Fig. 3. Steps 300 for controlling a user's breathing during a training session with a training device, hereinafter also referred to as control steps or simply steps, are now described.

[0126] Steps 300 include a symbolic starting step ST.

[0127] Steps 300 comprise a step of capturing 301 at least one parameter representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device 1, by a data processing unit 3 with a user interface 2 of a training device 1.

[0128] The training device 1, the user interface 2 and the data processing unit 3 have been described above.

[0129] The definition and examples of "parameters that are representative of a physical training session performed by the user with the training device" have been provided above.

[0130] Step 300 further includes a step of determining 302 a breathing instruction to be followed by the user during the physical training by the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 based on the recorded at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training.

[0131] Technical examples of breathing techniques were given above in this context.

[0132] In one embodiment, the step of determining 302 is performed directly by the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1.

[0133] Therefore, in this embodiment, the “intelligent” step of steps 300 lies entirely within the training device 1.

[0134] According to a further embodiment, as an alternative to the previous embodiment, the step of determining 302 is transferred from the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 to a remote electronic processor (e.g., a cloud server, not shown in the figures), which is functionally connected to the training device 1 via a data communication network (also not shown in the figures), and which determines and provides to the training device 1 a breathing pattern based on the at least one parameter representative of the physical training transmitted from the training device 1 to the remote electronic processor, which the user is to follow during the physical training.

[0135] Therefore, in this embodiment, the “intelligent” step of steps 300 lies in the remote electronic processor, which, in addition to providing the training program, can also determine and provide the breathing instructions to be followed within the training program.

[0136] Referring to the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in 3, steps 300 further include a step of providing 303 the specific indication of respiration to the user by the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1.

[0137] Step 300 includes a symbolic step of ending ED.

[0138] In one embodiment, in combination with the preceding embodiment, the specific indication of breathing includes an audio message (e.g., the voice of a personal trainer) which can be used by the user via a loudspeaker 6 of the training device 1, which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0139] In this embodiment, which is in Fig. 3, represented by dashed lines, includes the step of providing 303 a step of broadcasting 304 the specified indication of breathing in the form of an audio message by the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 via the loudspeaker 6 of the training device 1, which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0140] In a further embodiment, either alternatively or in combination with the preceding embodiment, the specific indication of respiration comprises a graphical representation which can be used by the user via a display module 7 of the training device 1, which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0141] In this embodiment, which is in Fig. 3, which is shown with dashed lines, includes the step of providing 303 a step of displaying 305 the specific indication of respiration in the form of a graphical representation by the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 via the display module 7 of the training device 1, which is functionally connected to the data processing unit 3.

[0142] As mentioned above, the graphical representation is preferably animated, as it provides the user with an indicator ID ( Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b) or an EC indicator ( Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b) displays, whose animation helps the user to follow the breathing phases more immediately and intuitively.

[0143] Examples of the graphic representation were previously presented with particular reference to the Fig. 4a, Fig. 4b, Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b provided.

[0144] According to one embodiment, in combination with any of the embodiments described above, the acquisition step 301 is performed directly by the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1.

[0145] According to one embodiment, either in combination with or as an alternative to the preceding embodiment and in Fig. 3, represented by a dashed line, the acquisition step 301 comprises a detection step 306 of the at least one parameter representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device 1, by a sensor unit 5 functionally connected to the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1.

[0146] According to one embodiment, in combination with any of the embodiments described above and in Fig. 3, shown with dashed lines, the acquisition step 301, if the training device 1 is a treadmill, includes a detection step 307 of a speed of the treadmill and / or a running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or an incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill by the data processing unit 3.

[0147] In this embodiment, the determining step 302 comprises a determining step 307' of the specification of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training, by the data processing unit 3 as a function of the detected speed of the treadmill and / or the detected running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or the detected incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill.

[0148] According to a further embodiment, as an alternative to the above embodiments and in Fig. 3, shown with dashed lines, the sensing step 301, if the training device 1 is a bicycle or training bike, includes a step of detecting 308 a resistance of the bicycle or training bike against the pedaling of the user and / or a cadence of the user by the data processing unit 3.

[0149] In this embodiment, the determining step 302 includes a determining step 308' of the specification of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit 3 as a function of the detected resistance of the bicycle or training bicycle against the user's pedaling and / or the detected cadence of the user.

[0150] According to a further embodiment, as an alternative to the above embodiments and in Fig. 3, shown with dashed lines, the acquisition step 301, if the training device 1 is a rowing machine, includes a step of detecting 309 a resistance of the rowing machine against the rowing of the user and / or a rowing frequency of the user by the data processing unit 3.

[0151] In this embodiment, the determining step 302 includes a determining step 309' of the indication of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training, by the data processing unit 3 as a function of the detected resistance of the rowing machine to the rowing of the user and / or the detected rowing frequency of the user.

[0152] According to a further embodiment, as an alternative to the above embodiments and in Fig. As shown in Figure 3 with dashed lines, the sensing step 301, if the training device 1 is a strength training device, includes a step of detecting 310 an eccentric phase and / or a concentric phase of a movement of the user and / or a load of the strength training device by the data processing unit 3.

[0153] In this embodiment, the determination step 302 comprises a step to determine 310' the breathing pattern to be followed by the user during the physical training by the data processing unit 3 according to the detected eccentric phase and / or concentric phase of the user's movement and / or the detected load of the strength training device.

[0154] According to one embodiment, in combination with any of the embodiments described above and in Fig. 3 shown with dashed lines, steps 300, regardless of the type of training device 1, further include a step of capturing 311 a user's heart rate by the data processing unit 3.

[0155] In this embodiment, steps 300 further include a step of determining 312 a modification of the indication of breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit 3 according to the detected heart rate of the user (e.g. a different correlation between the physical training mode and the breathing to be followed).

[0156] In this embodiment, the provisioning step 303 further comprises a provision step 313 of the specific modified indication of the breathing to be followed by the user by the data processing unit 3.

[0157] With reference to an exemplary embodiment and the aforementioned figures, an example of the implementation of steps for controlling the breathing of a user during a training session using a training device by the training device 1 is now described.

[0158] A user steps onto a training device 1, e.g. a treadmill like the one in Fig. 1a shown, in order to carry out a training.

[0159] During the performance of physical training, e.g. running, a data processing unit 3 of a user interface 2 of the training device 1 records at least one parameter that is representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device 1, e.g. the speed of the treadmill.

[0160] The data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 determines, on the basis of the recorded at least one parameter that is representative of the recorded physical training, i.e. based on the speed of the treadmill, an indication of breathing that the user should follow during the performance of the physical training.

[0161] The data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 provides the specific information on respiration.

[0162] In particular, the data processing unit 3 of the training device 1 displays the specific breathing information in the form of a graphic representation (e.g. a sine curve, which represents the breathing phases to be observed during the execution of the physical training) via a display module 7 of the training device 1.

[0163] It should be noted that the scope of the invention is fully achieved.

[0164] In fact, the user can immediately and reliably receive information on breathing to follow while performing physical training with a training device, thereby ensuring correct and optimal execution of the physical training with the achievement of the required performance as far as possible.

[0165] A person skilled in the art can make changes and adaptations to the above-described embodiments of the training device or replace elements with other, functionally equivalent elements to meet any requirements without departing from the scope of protection of the following claims. All features described above as belonging to one possible embodiment can be implemented independently of the other described embodiments.

Claims

[1] Training device (1) for controlling the breathing of a user during a training session with the training device (1), wherein the training device (1) is configured to perform the following steps: - Capture (301) at least one parameter representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device (1) by a data processing unit (3) of the training device (1); - Determining (302) a specification of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1) on the basis of the recorded at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training; - Providing (303) the specified breathing information to the user by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1). [2] Training device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the specific indication of breathing comprises an audio message which can be used by the user via a loudspeaker (6) of the training device (1), wherein the provisioning step (303) comprises a broadcasting step (304) of the specific indication of breathing in the form of an audio message via the loudspeaker (6) of the training device (1) by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1). [3] Training device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the specific indication of respiration comprises a graphical representation which can be used by the user via a display module (7) of the training device (1), wherein the provision step (303) comprises a display step (305) of the specific indication of respiration in the form of a graphical representation via the display module (7) of the training device (1) by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1). [4] Training device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the acquisition step (301) is performed directly by the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1). [5] Training device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the acquisition step (301) comprises a detection step (306) of the at least one parameter representative of a physical training performed by the user with the training device (1) by a sensor unit (5) functionally connected to the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1). [6] Training device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a treadmill, comprises a step of detecting (307) a speed of the treadmill and / or a running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or the inclination of the running / walking surface of the treadmill by the data processing unit (3), wherein the determining step (302) comprises a step of determining (307') the indication of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit (3) as a function of the detected speed of the treadmill and / or the detected running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or the detected inclination of the running / walking surface of the treadmill. [7] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a bicycle or an exercise bike, comprises a step of detecting (308) a resistance of the bicycle or exercise bike against the pedaling of the user and / or a pedaling frequency of the user by the data processing unit (3), wherein the determining step (302) comprises a step of determining (308') the breathing instruction to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit (3) as a function of the detected resistance of the bicycle or exercise bike against the pedaling of the user and / or the detected pedaling frequency of the user. [8] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a rowing machine, comprises a step of detecting (309) a resistance of the rowing machine against the rowing of the user and / or a rowing frequency of the user on the rowing machine by the data processing unit (3), wherein the determining step (302) comprises a step of determining (309') the indication of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit (3) as a function of the detected resistance of the rowing machine against the rowing of the user and / or the detected rowing frequency of the user. [9] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a strength training device, comprises a step of detecting (310) an eccentric phase and / or a concentric phase of a movement of the user and / or a load of the strength training device by the data processing unit (3), wherein the determining step (302) comprises a step of determining (310') the indication of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training by the data processing unit (3) as a function of the detected eccentric phase and / or concentric phase of the movement of the user and / or the detected load of the strength training device. [10] Training device (1), comprising: - a user interface (2) configured to allow a user to interact with the training device (1); - a data processing unit (3) wherein the user interface (2) is functionally connected to the data processing unit (3); - a storage unit (4) that is functionally connected to the data processing unit (3); wherein the data processing unit (3) of the training device (1) is configured as follows: - Recording at least one parameter that is representative of a physical training exercise performed by the user with the training device (1); - Determining a breathing pattern to be followed by the user during physical training based on at least one recorded parameter that is representative of the physical training; - Providing a specific indication of respiration for the user. [11] Training device (1) according to claim 10, further comprising a loudspeaker (6) which is functionally connected to the data processing unit (3), wherein the specific indication of breathing comprises an audio message which can be used by the user via the loudspeaker (6) of the training device (1), wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured to broadcast the specific indication of breathing in the form of an audio message via the loudspeaker (6) of the training device (1). [12] Training device (1) according to claim 11, wherein the loudspeaker (6) comprises a loudspeaker or a hardware component configured to be functionally connected to a headphone available to the user. [13] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 12, further comprising a display module (7) which is functionally connected to the data processing unit (3), wherein the specific indication of respiration comprises a graphical representation which is visible via the display module (7) of the training device (1), wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured to display the specific indication of respiration in the form of a graphical representation via the display module (7) of the training device (1). [14] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 13, wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured to directly capture the at least one parameter that is representative of the physical training. [15] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 14, further comprising a sensor unit (5) which is functionally connected to the data processing unit (3), wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured to receive the at least one parameter representative of the physical training from the sensor unit (5), which is configured to detect the at least one parameter representative of the physical training. [16] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 15, wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured such that the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a treadmill, comprises a detecting step (307) of a speed of the treadmill and / or a running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or the incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill, wherein the determining step (302) comprises a determining step (307') of specifying the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training as a function of the detected speed of the treadmill and / or the detected running / walking cadence of the user on the treadmill and / or the detected incline of the running / walking surface of the treadmill. [17] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 15, wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured such that the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a bicycle or an exercise bike, comprises a step of detecting (308) a resistance of the bicycle or exercise bike against the user's pedaling and / or a pedaling frequency of the user, wherein the determining step (302) comprises a step of determining (308') the breathing instruction to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training as a function of the detected resistance of the bicycle or exercise bike against the user's pedaling and / or the detected pedaling frequency of the user. [18] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 15, wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured such that the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a rowing machine, comprises a step of detecting (309) a resistance of the rowing machine against the rowing of the user and / or a rowing frequency of the user on the rowing machine, wherein the determining step (302) comprises a step of determining (309') the indication of the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training as a function of the detected resistance of the rowing machine against the rowing of the user and / or the detected rowing frequency of the user. [19] Training device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 10 to 15, wherein the data processing unit (3) is configured such that the sensing step (301), if the training device (1) is a strength training device, comprises a detecting step (310) of an eccentric phase and / or a concentric phase of a movement of the user and / or a load of the strength training device, wherein the determining step (302) comprises a determining step (310') of specifying the breathing to be followed by the user during the performance of the physical training as a function of the detected eccentric phase and / or concentric phase of the movement of the user and / or the detected load of the strength training device.

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