Transformer tray, transformer stand and transformer arrangement

Abstract

Transformer tray (2) for a large transformer with a mass of 30 t to 100 t, comprising • A steel load frame (4) for transferring the weight of the large transformer, wherein the load frame (4) has at least three load frame modules (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) which can be reversibly connected to each other, • Two parallel and spaced-apart steel guide rails (5) for mounting a large transformer, which are arranged on the load frame (4) and / or above the load frame (4) and are connected to it in a force-transmitting manner, • Three stainless steel collection containers (9) arranged in the load frame (4), wherein the total volume of the collection containers (9) is at least 30 m³ 3 is, and • A collection container cover (12) completely covering the collection containers (9), wherein the collection container cover (12) has openings for receiving liquid.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a transformer trough for a large transformer with a mass of 30 t to 100 t, which advantageously has a lower weight and is easy to transport. Furthermore, the invention relates to a transformer stand and a transformer assembly.

[0002] Large transformers are essential components for voltage transformation and power distribution, which are required for numerous important purposes using voltage adjustment. A large transformer converts high voltages suitable for long-distance transmission into lower voltages that are safer for use in homes and businesses.

[0003] Large transformers are also crucial for redistributing electrical energy from power plants to local distribution grids, and they help maintain the stability and reliability of the power grid by compensating for voltage fluctuations. Especially with the increasing use of wind and solar power, they enable the integration of these distributed generation systems into the power grid and allow the control and adjustment of energy supply according to consumption requirements. Overall, large transformers are a key component of modern energy infrastructure.

[0004] Because large transformers use cooling and insulating oil, an effective containment solution for potentially leaking oil is crucial to minimize environmental risks and fire hazards. For this reason, transformer assemblies must always incorporate an oil drip tray made of an impermeable material.

[0005] One difficulty in constructing such an oil sump or transformer sump is the high mass of such a large transformer, which is in the range of 30 t to 100 t.

[0006] Various transformer stations for large transformers are known from the prior art. DE 102 47 826 A1 discloses a transformer station for at least one transformer in which the oil collecting tray is made of concrete. In particular, the transformer station is constructed monolithically from concrete.

[0007] According to the state of the art, such oil sumps are made of concrete. These can be cast on-site or prefabricated. A disadvantage of such oil sumps made of concrete or reinforced concrete is their heavy weight. They typically weigh around 30 to 40 tons. Therefore, installing such systems requires lifting these heavy loads, for example, using cranes.

[0008] Transporting such large concrete containment tanks often requires special transport. The disadvantage is that this requires complex permitting procedures, with different requirements often having to be met in individual federal states, and escort vehicles are usually required. The logistical effort is therefore considerable.

[0009] In addition, concrete requires numerous resources to produce and is therefore difficult to procure. Furthermore, the capacity of concrete plants is often heavily utilized, resulting in long waiting times.

[0010] The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular, to provide a method for installing a large transformer that is quick and easy to manufacture and offers advantages during assembly. In particular, a quick and inexpensive assembly should be possible, while ensuring the design requirements regarding the high weight and large collection volumes are met.

[0011] The problem is solved by a device having the features of the independent claims. Further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0012] A first aspect of the invention relates to a transformer trough for a large transformer with a mass of 30 to 100 t, preferably up to 100 t, which has the following: • A steel load frame for supporting the weight of the large transformer, comprising at least three load frame modules that can be reversibly connected to one another. Each load frame module has connecting elements that enable easy assembly and disassembly. This allows the load frame to be quickly assembled and disassembled. • Two parallel and spaced-apart steel guide rails for hoisting a large transformer, which are arranged on and / or above the load frame and connected to the load frame in a force-transmitting manner. This advantageously allows the weight of the large transformer to be transferred downwards from the guide rails via the load frame. The force is preferably transferred to a foundation located below the load frame, preferably to a floor slab. • Three stainless steel collecting containers, which are arranged in the load frame, whereby the total volume of the collecting containers, i.e. the sum of the volumes of the individual collecting containers, is at least 30 m 3 , preferably at least 40 m 3 , and • A collecting container cover that completely covers the collecting containers, the collecting container cover having openings for collecting liquid.

[0013] The collecting containers arranged in the load frame are suitable for collecting both rainwater and oil leaking from a large transformer. Advantages

[0014] The individual load frame modules can be rigidly connected to each other in a force-transmitting manner. A characteristic feature here is that the individual load frame modules can be detached from each other again. This allows the load frame to be disassembled into its individual load frame modules.

[0015] An advantageous embodiment provides that a central module is designed and arranged in such a way that it dissipates a large portion, i.e., at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, of the weight of a large transformer arranged on the guide rails, thus transferring it to a foundation. The weight is preferably transferred from the guide rails to the foundation via force dissipation elements.

[0016] Such a design advantageously enables cost-effective transport and assembly of the transformer trough. Such a transformer trough can be dismantled at any time and can also be used as an intermediate storage facility for large transformers.

[0017] Since the load frame and the collection containers are made of steel or stainless steel, no concrete is required for these elements. This helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

[0018] Compared to conventional concrete containment tanks, this solution offers short-term availability because it is not dependent on the production times of the concrete manufacturers. Construction and transport do not require additional permits, such as heavy-duty transport permits. Assembly can be easily carried out with a smaller, conventional crane, whereas concrete tanks often require large cranes and corresponding parking spaces due to their heavy weight. Furthermore, the modular design eliminates the need for heavy-duty transport, special driving permits, and accompanying vehicles, which significantly simplifies logistics. Furthermore, by eliminating the use of concrete and the associated cement production, significant CO2 savings are achieved, making the solution more sustainable.

[0019] Such a construction is advantageously suitable for large transformers which have a weight in the range of 30 t to 100 t.

[0020] A transformer trough made of steel or stainless steel has the advantage of longevity and high stability.

[0021] In addition, the transformer trough according to the invention advantageously weighs only approximately 10 t, which considerably simplifies the transport of such a transformer trough.

[0022] A collecting container is arranged in the load frame if it is located at least partially, in particular at least 80% by volume, within the dimensions specified by the outer elements of the load frame. It is not excluded that such a collecting container may partially protrude beyond these specified external dimensions.

[0023] A collecting container cover completely covers the collecting container within the meaning of the disclosure even if the collecting container cover has small openings that allow liquid to enter. Such openings are preferably designed in such a way that liquid can enter, but the protective effect of the collecting container cover against flames is still ensured. The openings are preferably round with a diameter of 8 mm. According to one possible embodiment, elongated perforated sheets with 8 mm openings can be used. This advantageously allows oil to penetrate into the collecting container, and it has been shown that burning oil is suffocated due to the small openings in the collecting container.

[0024] According to an advantageous design, the collecting container cover resting on the collecting containers can withstand a surface load of 2 kN / m 2This allows for advantageous entry.

[0025] According to an advantageous embodiment, the load frame comprises an upper frame, a lower frame arranged at a distance therefrom, and force dissipation elements connecting the upper frame and the lower frame. The upper frame is arranged above the lower frame, and the weight of a large transformer can be transferred from the upper frame to the lower frame via the force dissipation elements and thus dissipated downwards.

[0026] These force-dissipating elements can transfer the weight of the large transformer from the guide rails to the foundation, preferably to the base plate. The force can either be transferred directly from the force-dissipating elements to the foundation, preferably to the base plate, or the force can be transferred from the force-dissipating elements first to the subframe, which then transfers this force to the foundation, particularly the base plate.

[0027] The load frame can have steel profiles. In particular, the upper frame and the lower frame can have steel profiles. The force transfer elements can also have steel profiles.

[0028] A steel profile, in the sense of the invention, is a shaped piece made of steel. A stainless steel construction, which is particularly used in the construction industry, is also possible. Such a steel profile has an elongated shape, with a first dimension being at least twice as long as the other two dimensions. The cross-section is constant along the long first dimension. There are various cross-sectional shapes, which also determine the profiles' names. For example, there are I-profiles, H-profiles, L-profiles, and U-profiles.

[0029] For the purposes of the invention, stainless steel is understood to be an iron-carbon alloy in which the mass fraction of carbon is a maximum of 2%. In addition, stainless steel for the purposes of the invention contains at least 8% chromium by weight.

[0030] Depending on the possible design of the transformer trough, the steel profiles and / or the force dissipation elements and / or the guide rails are made of stainless steel.

[0031] According to an optional embodiment, at least three force dissipation elements are arranged beneath the guide rails. This allows the weight force to be advantageously distributed across several force dissipation elements. The three force dissipation elements are preferably arranged at a distance from one another.

[0032] A preferred embodiment provides for the force-dissipating elements to comprise steel profiles. The steel profiles can have a linear mass in a range from 30 kg per linear meter to 70 kg per linear meter.

[0033] The load frame can be provided with fixing elements for holding the collection containers. This advantageously allows the position of the collection containers to be fixed relative to the load frame.

[0034] A preferred embodiment provides for at least one drip tray to be arranged on at least two of the collecting tanks. Multiple drip trays can also be arranged on a single collecting tank. Such a drip tray can advantageously ensure that a liquid flowing in from above, which may have escaped from the large transformer in the event of a leak, for example, is reliably channeled into the collecting tanks, even in the areas adjacent to the collecting tanks, for example, between the collecting tanks. Such a drip tray preferably fits tightly against the collecting tank.

[0035] According to one possible design, the walls of the collection containers have a thickness of 3 mm. According to another possible design, the walls have a thickness of 2.5 mm to 5 mm, preferably 3 mm to 4 mm. This advantageously makes the collection containers lighter and also requires less material.

[0036] The transformer trough preferably has tubular elements through which the collecting containers are connected for fluid equalization. The tubular elements have a diameter of at least 50 mm, preferably at least 80 mm, thus creating a fluid-equalizing connection. This allows for the distribution of a fluid quantity to all of the collecting containers connected by the tubular elements, even if fluid penetrates only one of the collecting containers.

[0037] According to an advantageous embodiment, the pipe elements are arranged between the collecting containers. Since external pipe elements are more easily damaged, pipe elements arranged between the collecting containers have the advantage of preventing damage to the pipe elements due to soil settlement or heavy construction machinery.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the collection containers are reversibly connected to the load frame. The collection containers can, for example, be inserted into the load frame and can advantageously be separated from the load frame again through the reversible connection. This advantageously enables easy transport, and in particular, transport of the collection containers separately from the load frame.

[0039] One possible design involves using S49 rails. These rails are widely used and functional.

[0040] Optionally, the openings of the collection container cover are arranged in the edge area of ​​the collection container cover.

[0041] According to the invention, the openings in the collecting container cover are arranged in the edge region of the collecting container cover if the openings are located at a distance from the edge of the collecting container cover that is less than 100 cm. The distance is the smallest connection between an opening and a section of the edge of the collecting container cover. Preferably, perforated plates that are at least 60 cm wide are arranged in the edge region of the collecting container cover. This advantageously allows for climbing into the collecting container when these perforated plates are removed.

[0042] The openings in the edge area are preferably designed as gratings.

[0043] According to a preferred embodiment, the collecting container cover is made of a metal, preferably of stainless steel.

[0044] According to the invention, a collecting container cover is made of a metal if the collecting container cover comprises at least 80% metal or at least 80% metal alloy by weight. This advantageously provides the collecting container cover with a flame-retardant effect.

[0045] A further aspect of the invention relates to a transformer stand for a large transformer comprising • A foundation, preferably a floor slab, which is preferably made of concrete, • a transformer trough according to the invention arranged on the foundation, preferably on the base plate.

[0046] According to an advantageous embodiment, the transformer stand has grounding cables. These grounding cables are preferably arranged outside the transformer housing. The grounding cables are preferably integrated into the overall system design.

[0047] Furthermore, a further aspect of the invention relates to a transformer assembly comprising a transformer stand disclosed herein and a large transformer. The large transformer has a mass of at least 30 t, preferably a mass in a range of 30 t to 100 t, and the large transformer is arranged on the guide rails.

[0048] According to the concept, a transformer trough for a large transformer is realized by a modular steel load frame that supports at least three stainless steel collecting containers to dissipate the weight of the large transformer. It is also connected to two guide rails arranged on the load frame in such a way that the weight of a large transformer arranged on the guide rails is dissipated through the load frame and can thus be transferred to a foundation located below the load frame. The load frame consists of at least three load frame modules, which can be reversibly connected.

[0049] For the realization of the invention, it is also expedient to combine the above-described inventive embodiments, embodiments and features of the claims in a suitable arrangement. Examples of implementation

[0050] Further details, features, and advantages of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments are intended to describe the invention without limiting it. In particular, elements of the exemplary embodiments described below can be combined with elements of other exemplary embodiments disclosed herein. They show: Fig. 1: a transformer stand, whereby part of the collecting tank cover is not shown, Fig. 2: a load frame with guide rails arranged on it, Fig. 3: three collecting containers with cover receiving elements, Fig. 4: an exploded view of a transformer stand consisting of foundation and transformer trough, Fig. 5A: a section of the edge of a transformer stand, and Fig. 5B: another section of a transformer stand.

[0051] In Fig. 1 shows a transformer stand 1 comprising a transformer trough 2 and a foundation 3 designed as a base plate. The transformer trough 2 here has a load frame 4 on which the guide rails 5 are arranged. The load frame 4 has an upper frame 6, a lower frame 7, and force transfer elements 8 connecting the upper frame 6 and the lower frame 7. The force transfer elements 8 are suitable for transferring the weight of a large transformer from the guide rails 5 to the lower frame 7 and to the foundation 3 designed as a base plate. Therefore, at least some of the force transfer elements 8 are arranged close to the guide rails 5, in particular underneath the guide rails 5. To collect liquid, in particular rainwater and / or oil leaked from a large transformer, three collecting containers 9 are arranged in the load frame 4. The load frame has at least three load frame modules 4.1, 4.2, 4.3.

[0052] The collecting containers 9 are connected to each other by pipe elements 10. By means of the pipe elements 10, a fluid exchange between the individual collecting containers 9 can be ensured. These pipe elements 10 can be arranged externally or essentially between the collecting containers 9. In this case, pipe elements 10 arranged essentially between the collecting containers 9, as shown in Fig. 1, are advantageous because the pipe elements 10 are then less susceptible to damage.

[0053] In this case, a pipe flange (not shown here), for example a DN150 or DN200 pipe flange, can be mounted, preferably welded, in a collecting tank. According to an advantageous embodiment, a compensator is arranged in the pipe flange and can be sealed by means of an annular space seal.

[0054] Cover receiving elements 11 can also be arranged on the collecting containers 9. A collecting container cover 12 can be arranged on the cover receiving elements 11. Such a collecting container cover 12 can be made of stainless steel and thus advantageously has a flame-retardant effect. Perforated plates 13 with openings are arranged in the edge region of the collecting container cover 12, wherein the openings are suitable for receiving liquid into the collecting container 9. These perforated plates 13 can be implemented in the form of a grating. Part of the collecting container cover 12 is not shown in this illustration.

[0055] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, a cover plate 14, which can be designed as a drip plate, can be arranged circumferentially above the upper frame 6.

[0056] A load frame 4 with guide rails 5 is in Fig. 2. Force dissipation elements 8 are arranged beneath the guide rails 5, which dissipate the weight of a large transformer downwards from the guide rails 5. In addition, the upper frame 6 and the lower frame 7 can be connected in other areas by rigid support elements 15. The support elements 15 can be less strong than the force dissipation elements 8, since lower forces act in the edge area of ​​the load frame 4. The force dissipation elements 8 shown in the illustration of the Fig. The upper frame 6 and lower frame 7 shown in Figure 2 have steel profiles.

[0057] The upper frame 6 and the lower frame 7 do not have to be continuous, but can be interrupted by force dissipation elements 8. The individual modules of the upper frame 6 and the individual modules of the lower frame 7 can be arranged adjacent to the force dissipation elements 8 and connected via the force dissipation elements 8.

[0058] Three collecting containers 9 are in Fig. 3, wherein cover receiving elements 11 are arranged on the collecting containers 9, which can be designed as parallel struts. The collecting containers 9 can be made of stainless steel. These can be thin sheets with a thickness of only 3 mm. A peripheral edge 16 can also be arranged within a collecting container 9. This peripheral edge 16 can be a component of the cover receiving elements 11.

[0059] In Fig. Figure 4 shows an exploded view of a transformer stand 1. Such a transformer stand 1 consists of a foundation 3 and a transformer trough 2. Above the foundation 3, the load frame 4 with the guide rails 5 is shown. Collecting containers 9 can be arranged in this load frame 4. Collecting container covers 12 and a cover plate 14 are also shown.

[0060] In the Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B shows sections of a sectional view of a transformer stand. It shows a load frame 4 arranged on a foundation 3, which can be made, for example, from steel profiles, such as HEB 140 steel girders. The collecting container 9 shown here stands on a layer of sand 18 arranged above the foundation 3. Cover receiving elements 11 are arranged on the collecting container 9, on which a collecting container cover 12 rests. This illustration shows that the collecting container cover 12 has perforated plates 13 with openings, at least in sections. Liquid can penetrate into the collecting container 9 through these openings and be absorbed by it.

[0061] A drip tray 17 is also arranged on the collecting container 9. An overlapping arrangement of the drip tray 17 and the edge of the collecting container 9 advantageously ensures a tight connection of the drip tray 17 to the collecting container 9.

[0062] In addition, Fig. 5B, a guide rail 5 is arranged above a force dissipation element 8. The force dissipation element 8 can dissipate the weight of a large transformer (not shown here) arranged on the guide rail 5 downwards onto the subframe 7 and then onto the foundation 3. List of reference symbols 1 transformer station 2 transformer trays 3 Foundation 4 load frames 4.1 Load frame module 4.2 Load frame module 4.3 Load frame module 5 guide rail 6 upper frame 7 subframes 8 force dissipation elements 9 collection containers 10 pipe element 11 Cover receiving element 12 Collection container cover 13 perforated sheet 14 Cover plate 15 support elements 16 peripheral edge 17 Eaves sheet 18 sand layer QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 102 47 826 A1

[0006]

Claims

[1] Transformer trough (2) for a large transformer with a mass of 30 t to 100 t, comprising • A load frame (4) made of steel for dissipating the weight of the large transformer, wherein the load frame (4) has at least three load frame modules (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) which can be reversibly connected to one another, • Two parallel and spaced-apart steel guide rails (5) for pulling up a large transformer, which are arranged on the load frame (4) and / or above the load frame (4) and are connected to it in a force-transmitting manner, • Three collecting containers (9) made of stainless steel, which are arranged in the load frame (4), the total volume of the collecting containers (9) being at least 30 m 3 is, and • A collecting container cover (12) completely covering the collecting containers (9), wherein the collecting container cover (12) has openings for collecting liquid. [2] Transformer trough (2) according to claim 1, characterized by that the load frame (4) has an upper frame (6), a lower frame (7) arranged at a distance therefrom and force dissipation elements (8) connecting the upper frame (6) and the lower frame (7), wherein the load frame (4) has steel profiles. [3] Transformer trough (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that at least one eaves plate (17) is arranged on at least two of the collecting containers (9). [4] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the collecting containers (9) have walls and that the walls have a thickness of 3 mm. [5] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the collecting containers (9) are connected by pipe elements (10) for fluid equalization. [6] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized bythat the collecting containers (9) are reversibly connected to the load frame (4). [7] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that at least three force dissipation elements (8) are arranged below the guide rails (5). [8] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the guide rails (5) are designed as S49 rails. [9] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by that the force dissipation elements (8) have steel profiles and that the steel profiles have a length-related mass in a range of 30 kg per meter to 70 kg per meter. [10] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by that the openings of the collecting container cover (12) are arranged in the edge region of the collecting container cover (12). [11] Transformer trough (2) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized bythat the collecting container cover (12) is made of a metal, preferably of stainless steel. [12] Transformer stand (1) for a large transformer comprising • A foundation (3), • a transformer trough (2) arranged on the foundation (3) according to one of claims 1 to 11. [13] Transformer stand (1) according to claim 12, characterized by that the foundation (3) is designed as a floor slab. [14] Transformer arrangement comprising a transformer stand (1) according to claim 12 or 13 and a large transformer, wherein the large transformer has a mass of at least 30 t and wherein the large transformer is arranged on the guide rails (5).

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