Holding device for use in fastening at least one object in the area of ​​a sloping roof surface, as well as arrangement with such a holding device

Abstract

Holding device (1; 1') for use in fastening at least one object (200) in the area of ​​a sloping roof surface (110) of a roof (100), wherein the holding device (1; 1') has a profile-like mounting element (10; 10') which is designed to be fixed to a roof structure (120) of the roof (100), in particular at least to a roof batten (135) of the roof structure (120), wherein the holding device (1; 1') further comprises an assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') which includes a replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) for a roof tile (150) or roofing slab (150) of a roof covering (140) and at least one retaining element designed as a roof hook (40; 40'), and wherein the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') can be clipped onto the mounting element (10; 10').

Description

AREA OF INVENTION

[0001] The invention relates to a holding device for use in attaching at least one object, in particular at least one photovoltaic module, to a sloping roof surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement comprising at least one such holding device, at least one mounting rail, and at least one photovoltaic module. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] Although the invention may be applicable and useful in connection with the fastening of objects of various kinds in the area of ​​a sloping roof surface, the invention and the underlying problem will first be explained in more detail below using the example of the fastening of a solar or photovoltaic module, without, however, limiting the invention in this respect.

[0003] A fastening system for attaching mounting rails and solar modules to a building roof is described in DE 20 2012 004 615 U1. This patent describes the use of a roof hook for attaching a mounting rail to a building roof. DE 20 2012 004 615 U1 shows an angle bracket with multiple holes, which is provided at one end of the roof hook that is to be attached to the building roof.

[0004] The design proposed in DE 20 2012 004 615 U1 already enables an advantageous, stable, and reliable fastening of mounting rails and solar modules. Using the angle bracket with its pre-drilled holes, the roof hook can, for example, be attached to a rafter, thus allowing a certain, albeit limited, flexibility regarding the position of the roof hook on the rafter.

[0005] Another stable and reliable method of clamping a photovoltaic module to a mounting rail is described, for example, in DE 20 2024 107 506 U1. Here again, the mounting rail is fixed in the area of ​​a building roof.

[0006] If a roof hook is attached to a rafter and extends between two roof tiles or shingles to the outside of the roof, it may be necessary to modify the overlapping tile or shingle from the ridge to create space for the hook. It is desirable to avoid such modifications, if only to reduce labor. For this purpose, replacement tiles made of metal with an integrated roof hook have been proposed. However, on a roof that is already covered, the position of a roof tile or shingle to be replaced will typically vary relative to the rafter.

[0007] Against this background, it would be desirable to further improve the fastening of objects, such as solar or photovoltaic modules, to a roof surface. In particular, it would be desirable to have a holding device, for example for a mounting rail, that is even easier to handle while offering high stability and reliability, and preferably also more flexibility in application than conventional designs. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a further improved possibility for fastening an object in the area of ​​a roof surface and to create a holding device for this purpose that is easier to handle and preferably even more flexible in its use.

[0009] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a holding device with the features of claim 1 and / or by an arrangement with the features of claim 31.

[0010] Accordingly, a holding device for use in fastening at least one object to a sloping roof surface is proposed, wherein the holding device comprises a profile-like mounting element designed to be fixed to a roof structure, in particular to at least one roof batten. The holding device according to the invention further comprises an assembly that includes a replacement element for a roof tile or roofing slate of a roof covering and at least one mounting element designed as a roof hook. According to the invention, the assembly is designed to be clipped onto the mounting element.

[0011] Furthermore, an arrangement is proposed comprising at least one such holding device according to the invention, at least one mounting rail, and at least one photovoltaic module attached to a sloping roof surface using the holding device and the mounting rail. The holding device assembly is clipped onto the profile-like mounting element of the holding device. The holding device is attached to a roof structure. The replacement element of the holding device replaces at least one, in particular exactly one, roof tile or roofing tile of the roof covering. The mounting rail is held by the holding device and supported by the roof hook. The photovoltaic module is attached to the mounting rail, in particular by clamping.

[0012] One idea of ​​the invention is to divide the holding device into the assembly and the profile-like mounting element and to provide for a clipping, in other words a locking, of the assembly and the mounting element during the assembly process.

[0013] The profile-like design of the mounting element provided in the invention not only makes it easy to manufacture, but also contributes to local stiffening of the roof structure in the area where loads from the object to be fastened are introduced, such as its own weight, as well as wind and / or snow loads. For example, the profile-like design of the mounting element can be used to achieve localized stiffening of a roof batten against deflection.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned division of the invention enables an assembly process in which the easily handled, profile-like mounting element is first quickly and easily fixed to the roof structure, in particular at least to the roof batten. In particular, pre-fixing the mounting element at only some of the total provided fastening points is sufficient. Then, in a further assembly step, the assembly comprising the replacement element and the roof hook, thus making these components easy to handle, can be simply and quickly clipped onto the mounting element.

[0015] The combination of the profile-like design of the mounting element and its clip-on mechanism allows for significantly greater flexibility in positioning the assembly relative to the mounting element, and thus also relative to the roof structure. This ensures that, regardless of the varying position of a roof tile or roofing slate being replaced by the replacement element in relation to elements of the roof structure, particularly a rafter, the fastening of the roof hook and replacement element is simple, practical, and provides adequate load-bearing capacity. The simplified handling made possible by the invention is especially advantageous during installation work on roofs.

[0016] Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention will become apparent from the further dependent claims and from the description with reference to the figures.

[0017] In one embodiment, the mounting element is designed to be fixed to the roof batten and to a counter batten and / or a rafter of the roof structure. This contributes to a further improved load-bearing capacity.

[0018] In particular, the assembly is pre-assembled. This simplifies handling the assembly and allows for time-saving assembly of the holding device.

[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, viewed with respect to the center of the replacement element, which is defined along a direction that, after integration of the replacement element into the roof covering, at least locally follows a contour line of the roof surface, the roof hook is arranged eccentrically on the replacement element. This embodiment facilitates the transfer, at least partially, of loads acting on the roof hook, in particular a moment, in the direction of an adjacent roof tile or roofing slate.

[0020] In particular, the holding device is designed for such an off-center arrangement of the roof hook on the replacement element.

[0021] In one embodiment, the replacement element is essentially flat in a main area. In this embodiment, the replacement element has a stiffening upstand or raised edge, preferably at or adjacent to at least one edge of the replacement element, which defines the main area. The roof hook is arranged in the main area adjacent to the upstand or raised edge on the replacement element. In this embodiment, it can be provided, in particular, that the edge and / or the upstand or raised edge, after integration of the replacement element into the roof covering, extends essentially in one direction of fall of the roof surface. Making a main area of ​​the replacement element flat contributes to simpler and more cost-effective manufacturing of the replacement element.The raised edge or bend, which can be easily incorporated at the edge(s) of the replacement element, also allows for a flush edge connection to the adjacent roof covering made of roof tiles or slates. The adjacent placement of the roof hook enables effective load transfer from the roof hook, particularly into the roof tiles or slates below.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the replacement element is essentially flat in at least one main area. The following is provided: - that the replacement element has at least one bead or folded rib stiffening the main area and the roof hook is arranged adjacent to the bead or folded rib, or - that an additional stiffening element is arranged in the main area and the roof hook is located adjacent to the additional stiffening element or on the additional stiffening element or opposite the additional stiffening element with respect to the main area, or - that a foot section of the roof hook intended for support on the main area is extended to stiffen the main section after connecting it to the foot section.

[0023] The flat design of the main section also promotes simpler and more cost-effective manufacturing in this configuration. With the aid of the groove, the folded rib, the additional stiffening element, or the extended foot section, effective load transfer to the adjacent roof tile or roofing slate below is possible even when the roof hook is positioned inside the flat main section, approximately in the center or similarly, rather than off-center or near an edge upstand or bend.

[0024] In particular, it can be provided that the groove, the folded rib, the stiffening element, or the extended foot section of the roof hook, after integration of the replacement element into the roof covering, extends substantially in one direction of fall of the roof surface, preferably substantially over between approximately 70 percent and approximately 100 percent of a dimension of the main area in the direction of fall, or with a dimension that extends at least substantially to a batten or a roof tile or roofing slate following in the direction of fall. This further improves the load transfer to the surrounding roof covering, especially in the direction of fall towards the eaves.

[0025] In further embodiments, the off-center arrangement of the roof hook with respect to the center of the replacement element could, if necessary, also be combined with one or more of the aforementioned additional stiffening measures, including the groove, the folded rib, the additional stiffening element and the extended foot section.

[0026] In a further development, the holding device is designed such that, after the assembly is clipped onto the mounting element, the assembly can be moved along the mounting element relative to it. Position adjustments along the mounting element are therefore still possible even after the mounting element has been initially attached and fixed to the roof structure, which further simplifies handling and offers additional flexibility.

[0027] In one embodiment, the holding device is configured such that, after the assembly is clipped onto the mounting element, at least one fastening element, preferably at least one screw, can be passed through a through-opening in the assembly and a through-opening in the mounting element at a fastening point, and the assembly and the mounting element can be jointly fastened to the roof structure by means of the at least one fastening element. Thus, the initially clipped-on assembly and the mounting element can be jointly and finally fastened to the roof structure. The step of fastening with the at least one fastening element can also help to ensure that the assembly is fully clipped on as intended and that the mounting element engages positively behind it as intended.The fastening element allows the clipping process to be completed by further clamping the assembly and mounting element against each other. This ensures that both parts lock securely into place, even if this wasn't fully achieved during manual snapping.

[0028] In particular, at least three fastening points are provided, at each of which a fastening element, preferably a screw, can be inserted through through-openings in the assembly and the mounting element that are associated with the fastening point. This further improves the load-bearing capacity and ensures the mounting device is reliably secured to the roof. If several fastening points are provided in this way, not every through-opening necessarily extends through all components of the assembly. However, it is preferred that the through-opening at at least one of the fastening points extends through all parts of the assembly and corresponds to a through-opening in the mounting element.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the mounting element is elongated and channel-shaped, designed to be placed on the roof batten of the roof structure and to partially support a section of the batten. Alternatively or additionally, according to another embodiment, the mounting element is designed to be fixed to the roof batten by means of at least one screw. The elongated, channel-shaped design facilitates attachment to a roof batten and stiffens it, with the mounting element itself providing high inherent rigidity due to its channel-like geometry. Fixing with a single screw is reliable, durable, and also simple and practical to produce.

[0030] In one embodiment, the mounting element has a substantially U-shaped cross-section with U-shaped legs and a connecting central web. A locking groove is provided on the outside of each free end of the U-shaped leg, designed to engage with an associated locking mechanism of the assembly during clipping. This allows for the efficient and cost-effective creation of a geometry for implementing the clipping function during the manufacturing of the mounting element, and this geometry can, for example, function along substantially the entire length of the mounting element.Furthermore, by incorporating a locking groove, the clip connection can be achieved with even greater reliability, for example, compared to a single locking edge. This is because clipping or locking into place by engaging the locking groove is still easily possible even if the free end(s) of one or both U-shaped legs of the mounting element are in contact with another element of the roof structure. This ensures high reliability even under specific roof structure conditions, which are not always reliably known in advance when using the mounting device on an already covered roof.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the locking groove is limited at each end of the U-leg by a closing flange, and preferably the closing flange is formed substantially parallel to the central web, and / or a first boundary wall of the locking groove formed at the closing flange is extended on a side of the locking groove proximal to the free end of the U-leg compared to a second boundary wall of the locking groove opposite the first boundary wall. In this way, the reliability of the locking mechanism is further improved, even under special structural conditions of the roof construction, as mentioned above, by ensuring that the locking device of the assembly can reliably and precisely engage at the closing flange at the earliest possible point, thus helping to guarantee a defined locking action.The end flange thus protects the assembly's locking mechanism from contacting an adjacent, potentially unexpected part of the roof structure before it can fully engage. Furthermore, the end flange provides additional rigidity.

[0032] In one embodiment, the outer main surfaces of the U-shaped legs of the mounting element are inclined outwards at an angle other than 90 degrees relative to a substantially flat inner surface of the central web of the mounting element, which is intended for placement on the roof batten. This can further facilitate the easy clipping of the assembly and, through improved accessibility, contribute to the convenient insertion of one of the fasteners.

[0033] In one embodiment, the assembly comprises a base element, wherein the base element and the mounting element are configured such that the base element can be snapped onto the mounting element to allow the assembly to be clipped onto it. In this way, a defined component of the assembly can be provided to perform the snap-fit / clip function, whereas the replacement element can be designed differently depending on the type of roof tile or roofing slate to be replaced, in a modular fashion. Furthermore, this embodiment simplifies the manufacture of the assembly, as the replacement element and the base element can each be manufactured using an advantageous manufacturing process and / or a preferred material.

[0034] In one embodiment, the basic element is profile-like, particularly channel-like in its cross-section. Such a basic element can be designed with suitable stiffness and advantageously manufactured, and furthermore provides the replacement element with good, flat support, which also enables its further stiffening.

[0035] In one embodiment, the base element, the replacement element, and the roof hook are connected to one another, preferably by means of one or more rivets, such that the replacement element is positioned section by section between the base element and the roof hook. In particular, the assembly is pre-assembled by means of the connection between the base element, the replacement element, and the roof hook. Such an assembly is easy to handle, which offers advantages when working on roofs. Pre-assembly using rivet(s) is practical, quick, and reasonably cost-effective.

[0036] In one embodiment, the roof hook is positioned on a first main surface of the replacement element, which, when integrated into the roof covering, faces outwards away from the roof structure. The base element is located on a second main surface of the replacement element, opposite the first main surface and facing inwards towards the roof structure when integrated into the roof covering. Thus, the replacement element can, for example, effectively fill the area of ​​the roof tile or roofing slate to be replaced, while the roof hook and the base element each fulfill their respective functions.

[0037] In one embodiment, the holding device is designed such that, after the assembly is clipped onto the mounting element, the roof hook, the replacement element, the base element, and the mounting element can be jointly fastened to the roof structure, in particular to the roof batten or to the roof batten and a rafter and / or a counter batten, by means of a fastening element, preferably a screw, extending through the roof hook, the replacement element, the base element, and the mounting element. Thus, the aforementioned components can be permanently fastened together, creating a reliable and durable holding device.

[0038] In one embodiment, a load application point of the roof hook, adjacent to a free end of the roof hook (as viewed from the replacement element) and serving to introduce loads originating from the fastening of the object, lies essentially on an imaginary straight line with a fastening point at which, in the fastened state of the holding device, the fastening element extending through the roof hook penetrates the roof structure. This connection point is located in a direction perpendicular to the roof surface after the replacement element has been integrated into the roof covering. In this way, the load application point is advantageously positioned such that roof-normal forces introduced into it are transferred as directly as possible towards the fastening element and produce as little or no moment about the fastening point as possible.Moments generated by roof-parallel forces around the fixing point, on the other hand, depend on the distance of the load application point from the fixing point along the direction normal to the roof surface, in other words essentially on the height of the load application point of the roof hook.

[0039] Alternatively, by varying the distance of the load application point of the roof hook from the attachment point in a direction parallel to the roof surface after integration of the replacement element into the roof covering, the resulting total moment, which results from the combined effect of roof-normal and roof-parallel forces, can be influenced. Offsetting the load application point relative to the attachment point towards the ridge can help to reduce the total moment acting around the attachment point.

[0040] In one embodiment, the basic element has a cross-sectional shape formed with legs and a connecting central section. This cross-sectional shape is asymmetrical with respect to an imaginary longitudinal median plane of the basic element located between the legs. An outer surface of the central section, pointing away from the legs, is inclined at an angle other than 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal median plane. This allows for the accommodation of a slope of the replacement element that differs from the slope of the roof surface as a whole, in order to ensure a clean connection to the surrounding roof covering and, if necessary, to create sufficient space for the roof hook in one direction of the roof covering's thickness. At the same time, this ensures a good, continuous connection between the replacement element and the basic element. The cross-sectional shape of the basic element allows for a degree of flexibility in its clip-on installation.

[0041] In a further development, the mounting element is clipped into place in sections within an inner area formed between the legs of the base element, such that the outer sides of the U-shaped legs of the mounting element are adjacent to the inner sides of the legs of the base element. This results in a clear and stable connection between the base and mounting elements.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the legs of the base element are inclined outwards at an angle other than 90 degrees relative to a plane that, after being clipped onto the mounting element, lies parallel to a principal extension plane of the central web of the mounting element. This inclination is achieved at least with free sections of the base element. This facilitates clipping onto the mounting element and can, in particular, further simplify the insertion of a fastener in the area of ​​one of the legs of the base element. For example, a screw can be inserted relatively easily in the area of ​​the leg inclined outwards, especially since a cordless screwdriver or similar tool can be more easily positioned from the outside of the roof in this way.

[0043] In one embodiment, the central section of the base element is formed on its inner side with first support sections, in particular projecting ribs whose free ends lie in a common imaginary plane and are designed to abut the outer side of the mounting element after being clipped onto its central web. This improves the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of a composite structure formed with the base element and the mounting element and enables a further improved transfer, in particular of roof-normal forces, from the base element to the mounting element.

[0044] According to a further improvement, the longer of the two legs of the base element, viewed in cross-section, is provided on its inner side with a second support section, which is particularly rib-shaped. This second support section projects essentially transversely to a main extension of the longer leg and has a bearing surface for external support on the central web of the mounting element. In this way, unwanted loosening of the clip or snap connection between the base element and the mounting element under load can be even more effectively prevented. In particular, the second support section can help to better absorb a moment about a longitudinal axis of the base element.

[0045] According to one embodiment, a locking lug with a sliding ramp and a retaining surface is provided at each free end of the leg of the base element and is designed to interact with one of the locking grooves. In this way, an effective locking device can be manufactured in a relatively simple manner.

[0046] In a further development, the base element and the mounting element are designed such that sections of both form a closed hollow cross-section after being clipped together, and in particular, that the closed hollow cross-section is essentially triangular and / or subdivided into hollow partial cross-sections. Specifically, the hollow cross-section can form a kind of hollow "box". After final fastening and thus a fixed connection between the base element and the mounting element, the resulting hollow cross-section exhibits high stiffness, especially high torsional stiffness, which in turn has a beneficial effect on absorbing loads resulting from the load on the roof hook.

[0047] In particular, the first support sections of the basic element can act as intermediate webs, dividing the hollow cross-section into the hollow partial cross-sections.

[0048] In one embodiment, the mounting element, the roof hook, the replacement element, and the base element are each made of metal. Using metal makes it possible to design these elements to be robust and durable. Furthermore, the metal replacement element allows it to be manufactured with a significantly thinner material compared to the roof tile or shingle it replaces. This creates space in the overlap area with an adjacent roof tile or shingle towards the ridge for the base section of the roof hook. Therefore, no modification of the overlapping roof tile or shingle is necessary.

[0049] In particular, it may be provided that the mounting element and the base element are each made of an aluminum material, and / or that the metal material from which the roof hook is made and the metal material from which the replacement element is made are each selected from the group comprising an aluminum material and a steel. Aluminum materials, such as suitable aluminum alloys, allow for relatively simple manufacturing of the aforementioned components, exhibit good corrosion resistance, and are lightweight. When using an aluminum material, the mounting element, the base element, and the roof hook can each be manufactured by extrusion and cutting from the strand. Steels, on the other hand, allow for higher strengths in the roof hook and / or the replacement element.In particular, a replacement element made of steel, such as a steel sheet, can be useful when the roof covering consists of roof tiles or shingles whose geometry, even with the use of the replacement element, leaves little room for the roof hook in the overlap area. In the latter case, the use of steel, given its improved mechanical strength, can allow for a further reduction in material thickness compared to aluminum, which can help create space for the roof hook. A steel roof hook can also be advantageous here, as the increased strength again allows for smaller material cross-sections.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the mounting element and / or the base element are each manufactured using an extrusion process. Extrusion allows for the economical production of profile-like components with precise geometry in larger quantities.

[0051] According to further training, the roof hook is manufactured using an extrusion or bending process, and / or the replacement element is designed as a bent sheet metal part. In particular, the replacement element can be expediently manufactured as a largely flat, thin-walled component using a bending process. Furthermore, a roof hook produced using a bending process is particularly conceivable if it is to be made of steel.

[0052] In a further development, it is provided that the profile-like mounting element overlaps a section of a roof batten of the roof structure and thereby partially supports it, with at least part of the overlapping section of the roof batten being supported on a rafter or counter batten of the roof structure. In this way, the load transferred to the roof hook is advantageously and effectively transferred into the rafter or counter batten.

[0053] In one embodiment, the length of the mounting element is shorter than the distance between the facing sides of two adjacent rafters—in other words, shorter than the inner distance between the adjacent rafters. This allows for local stiffening of a roof batten using the mounting element, which, due to its limited length, is easy to handle and cost-effective. This local stiffening enables effective load transfer from the roof hook into the rafter or into counter battens located on the rafter, while the roof hook can be positioned along the roof batten offset from the rafter's mid-plane by a significantly greater distance than with conventional fixing devices. For example, the range for positioning the roof hook between its mid-plane and the mid-plane of the rafter can be up to 16 cm in both directions, i.e., approximately...+ / - 16 cm with respect to the rafter mid-plane.

[0054] According to another embodiment, the length of the mounting element can correspond at least substantially to the distance between the opposite sides of two adjacent rafters or counter battens, in other words, at least to the outer distance between them. This embodiment makes it possible to completely bridge the gap between the two adjacent rafters or counter battens with the roof batten. By thus enabling load transfer via a stiffened section of the roof batten into both adjacent rafters / counter battens, the assembly can be positioned offset along the roof batten to such an extent that the roof hook can even be placed midway between the two rafters / counter battens. This allows for any position of the roof hook perpendicular to the rafters / counter battens between them.

[0055] The above embodiments and further developments can be combined with one another as appropriate. Further possible embodiments, further developments, and implementations of the invention also include combinations of features of the invention described previously or subsequently with regard to the exemplary embodiments, even if not explicitly mentioned. In particular, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention. CONTENT OF THE DRAWING

[0056] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the schematic figures. These show: Fig. 1. A schematic and perspective view of the roof of a building with some exemplary and schematically sketched photovoltaic modules, mounting rails and holding devices; Fig. 2. A perspective view of a section of a covered roof surface together with a part of the supporting roof structure, wherein a holding device according to a first embodiment is provided in place of a roof tile or roofing stone; Fig. 3 den in Fig. 2 section shown, with the roof covering completely omitted, showing the holding device according to the first embodiment and the roof construction; Fig. 4 a closer vicinity of the holding device of the first embodiment in the assembled state of the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, viewed from the perspective of a roof ridge; Fig. 5 a profile-like mounting element of the holding device according to the first embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 6 the mounting element from Fig. 5 in a cross-sectional view; Fig. 7 an assembly of the holding device according to the first embodiment, in perspective, comprising a roof hook, a replacement element for a roof tile or roofing stone, and a base element; Fig. 8 the assembly from Fig. 7 in a side view; Fig. 9 the replacement element and the basic element of the assembly Fig. 7 and Fig. 8; Fig. 10 the roof hook of the assembly as provided in the holding device according to the first embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 11 the basic element of the assembly as provided in the holding device according to the first embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 12 the basic element from Fig. 11 in a top view; Fig. 13 the basic element of Fig. 11 in a cross-sectional view; Fig. 14 the in Fig. 2 shown section of the covered roof surface with the holding device according to the first embodiment, in a side view, wherein a fall direction of the roof surface as a whole runs horizontally from left to right in the figure; Fig. 15 a detailed illustration (A), see Fig. 14, the holding device according to the first embodiment in a transparent section plane normal to the longitudinal extent of a roof batten in the mounted state; Fig. 16 the holding device of the first embodiment in an alternative mounting position relative to a rafter and a counter batten, in perspective; Fig. 17 the holding device of the first embodiment in a further alternative mounting position relative to a rafter and a counter batten, in perspective; Fig. 18 a representation of a section of a roof structure analogously Fig. 3, wherein a holding device according to a second embodiment, comprising an extended mounting element, is provided; Fig. 19 a variant of the basic element of the assembly of the holding device, according to a third embodiment; Fig. 20 a component assembly of a holding device according to a fourth embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 21 a component of a holding device according to a fifth embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 22 a component of a holding device according to a sixth embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 23 a component of a holding device according to a seventh embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 24 a detail (B) of the assembly made of Fig. 23; Fig. 25 a detail (C) of the assembly made of Fig. 23; Fig. 26 an assembly of a holding device according to an eighth embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 27 a component of a holding device according to a ninth embodiment, in perspective; Fig. 28 the assembly of Fig. 27, in another perspective view; Fig. 29 an assembly of a holding device according to a tenth embodiment, in a perspective view analogous Fig. 28; and Fig. 30 a component of a holding device according to an eleventh embodiment, in perspective.

[0057] The accompanying drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. They illustrate embodiments and, in conjunction with the description, serve to explain the principles and concepts of the invention. Other embodiments and many of the advantages mentioned will become apparent with reference to the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale.

[0058] In the figures, identical, functionally equivalent, and similarly acting elements, features, and components are each provided with the same reference symbols, unless otherwise specified. DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF EXECUTION

[0059] Fig. Figure 1 schematically shows a roof 100 of a building that is not fully depicted, where the roof 100 is exemplified as a gable roof. One of the two sloping roof surfaces 110 is in Fig. 1 is designated. Other roof shapes are equally conceivable for roof 100, provided they form at least one sloping roof surface.

[0060] On the in Fig. On the visible roof surface 110, an arrangement 180 is sketched with a plurality of solar modules, designed as photovoltaic modules 200, as well as a number of mounting rails 190 and holding devices 1 for the mounting rails 190. A few rectangular photovoltaic modules 200 are shown here purely as examples; it is understood that a wide variety of numbers and sizes as well as different module shapes are conceivable.

[0061] In Order 180 of the Fig. 1. The photovoltaic modules 200 are each attached in the area of ​​the inclined roof surface 110 using the mounting rails 190 and the holding devices 1. For example, each of several horizontally arranged mounting rails 190 is held by several of the holding devices 1. The holding devices 1 are each attached to a roof structure 120 of the roof 100, in Fig. 1 (not shown), fastened in such a way that mechanical loads acting on the holding device 1 can be transferred into the roof structure 120. The photovoltaic modules 200 can, for example, each be clamped to two of the horizontally extending mounting rails 190, or it can be provided that the horizontally extending mounting rails 190 support further mounting rails 190 that run transversely and thus, in particular, in the direction of fall of the roof surface 110 to the horizontal mounting rails 190 and are supported by them. In this variant, the photovoltaic modules 200 can then, for example, each be clamped to two of the mounting rails 190 running in the direction of fall.

[0062] Fig. Figure 2 shows a section of the roof surface 110 together with the roof structure 120 and a roof covering 140, which is made up of a variety of roof tiles or roofing slabs 150. While roof tiles 150 are primarily made of clay, roofing slabs 150 are often made of concrete. For example, the roof covering 140 can be the one in Fig. The two roof tiles shown are of the Frankfurt pan type (size 150). However, roof tiles or roofing tiles of many other types (size 150) are conceivable. Fig. For clarity, only a few of the roof tiles / roofing stones 150 are marked with reference symbols.

[0063] Fig. 2 further shows one of the in Fig. 1. The retaining devices 1, which are only schematically indicated, are described in more detail. The retaining device 1 comprises a roof hook 40, which serves as a retaining element and is shown in Fig. The mounting rail 190 (not shown) supports the device. In this way, the holding device 1, mediated via the mounting rail 190, serves to fasten an object such as the photovoltaic module 200 in the area of ​​the inclined roof surface 110.

[0064] The roof hook 40 is part of a pre-assembled assembly 20 of the holding device 1, see approximately Fig. 7. The assembly 20 further comprises a replacement element 30 for one of the roof tiles or roofing slates 150 of the roof covering 140, as well as a component described in more detail below, in Fig. 2 non-visible basic element 50.

[0065] The roof tiles or roofing slabs 150 are typically designed so that, after completion of the roof covering 140, they overlap each other in a defined pattern in certain areas, and gaps between the roof tiles or roofing slabs 150 are kept as small as possible. Such gaps are generally too narrow for inserting a hook-shaped component with sufficient load-bearing capacity for attaching objects such as photovoltaic modules 200.

[0066] To avoid the need for material removal on the underside of an upper roof tile or roofing slate 150 (as seen in the direction of fall F of the roof surface 110) in order to insert a roof hook, it is necessary to Fig. 1. One of the roof tiles or roofing slates 150 is replaced by the replacement element 30. The replacement element 30 is manufactured as a sheet metal bent part made of a metal material, in particular as a sheet metal bent part made of a sheet of aluminum alloy or alternatively of a steel sheet.

[0067] Due to its construction from a sheet of metal, the replacement element 30 has a significantly reduced material thickness than the roof tile or roofing slate 150. Compared to the roof tiles or roofing slates 150, the geometry of the replacement element 30 is simplified, but designed to allow a clean connection to the surrounding roof covering with minimal lateral gaps and minimal gaps to the next roof tile or roofing slate 150 in the downward direction F. Towards the ridge, i.e., against the downward direction F, the metal sheet construction and the resulting geometry create a larger gap to the overlapping roof tile or roofing slate 150, which makes it possible to accommodate a foot section of the roof hook 40. Any remaining gaps at this point can be largely closed, for example, by means of an adhesive foam element (not shown in the figures).

[0068] In the example shown, the roof structure 120 consists of rafters 130, counter battens with counter battens 132 attached to the rafters 130, and roof battens 135 running perpendicular to the counter battens 132 and the rafters 130, which are attached to the counter battens 132. In one variation, the counter battens could be omitted.

[0069] The position of the roof tiles or roofing slates 150 in the horizontal direction along the battens 135 can vary. Similarly, the position of the replacement element 30, and thus of the retaining device 1, can differ according to the position of the replaced roof tile or roofing slate 150 relative to the nearest rafter 130 and the nearest counter batten 132. The retaining device 1 according to the first embodiment can be attached to the roof structure 120 in a reliable, stable, time-saving, and cost-effective manner, thereby significantly reducing any limitations in the positioning of the retaining device 1 arising from the position of a roof tile or roofing slate 150 to be replaced within the given roof covering 140 relative to the rafter 130 or counter batten 132.In other words, the holding device 1 of the first embodiment offers high flexibility with regard to its positioning along the roof batten 135, while simultaneously providing high load-bearing capacity and ease of handling.

[0070] In addition to the assembly 20, the holding device 1 has a profile-like mounting element 10 which is fixed to the roof structure 120 of the roof 100, see Fig. 3.

[0071] To secure the object 200, for example the photovoltaic module 200, in the area of ​​the inclined roof surface 110, a number of mounting devices 1 are first attached to the roof structure 120. For each mounting device 1, a roof tile 150 of the roof covering 140 is selected, which is to be replaced by the replacement element 30. In the vicinity of the roof tile 150 to be replaced, some other roof tiles 150 are initially omitted or removed for the duration of the installation.

[0072] To attach the retaining device 1 to the roof structure 120, the mounting element 10 is first fixed to the roof structure 120. The mounting element 10 is designed such that it can first be placed on the roof batten 135 and then moved along it, for example by sliding it, into a suitable position. In the Fig. 3 and Fig. In the assembly situation shown in Figure 4, the mounting element 10 is placed on the roof batten 135, with the mounting element 10 overlapping and partially supporting a section of the roof batten 135. An end section of the roof batten 135 overlapped by the mounting element 10 is supported on the counter batten 132, or, if there is no counter batten, directly on the rafter 130.

[0073] Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows the profile-like mounting element 10 separately. The mounting element 10 is elongated and channel-shaped and has a cross-sectional form that is essentially U-shaped and comprises U-legs 11 and a central web 12 connecting the U-legs 11. An inner region is channel-shaped and defined by the U-legs 11 and the central web 12, such that the section of the roof batten 135 can be accommodated at least partially by the mounting element 10, which is Fig. 15 is illustrated in more detail.

[0074] The mounting element 10 has a length L10 along one longitudinal direction of its profile. The cross-sectional shape of the mounting element 10 is essentially constant along the length L10, with several through-openings 19 being provided in the central web 12 and several through-openings 18 in one of the two U-shaped legs 11. The through-openings 18, 19 are arranged at uniform intervals along the length L10, with the through-openings 18 being located, for example, centrally, in the gap between two through-openings 19 when viewed along the length L10. The through-openings 18, 19 are each designed as elongated slots.

[0075] In the first embodiment, the mounting element 10 is designed as an extruded profile made of aluminum, wherein one of the U-shaped legs 11 and the central web 12 are provided with the through-openings 18 and 19, respectively, after the profile has been cut to length from the extrusion. The through-openings 18 and 19 are preferably created without machining, in particular by punching. However, machining the through-openings 18 and 19 is also possible in one alternative variant.

[0076] In the first embodiment, see approximately Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The mounting element 10 is fixed in an end area supported by the roof batten 135 on the counter batten 132 by means of a screw 86 to the roof batten 153, the counter batten 132 and the rafter 130 using one of the through-openings 19. The length of the screw 86 is chosen such that it can be screwed through the through-opening 19, the roof batten 135 and the counter batten 132 into the rafter 130. In addition, the mounting element 10 can be fixed to the roof batten 135 using another, in particular shorter, screw if necessary, using a different through-opening 19.

[0077] At a free end distal to the central web 12 of each of the U-legs 11, the mounting element 10 has a locking groove 13 on its outer side, see e.g. Fig. 6. The locking groove 13 extends longitudinally along the mounting element 10 over its entire length L10 and is preferably formed as part of the extruded profile. The locking grooves 13 are, except for their orientation, essentially identical and each is designed to interact with an associated locking device 21 of the assembly 20, as described below.

[0078] Each of the locking grooves 13 is defined by a base and by first and second boundary walls 15a, 15b extending substantially parallel to the central web 12, and opens outwards from the mounting element 10. The locking grooves 13 are each bounded towards the free end of the U-leg 11 by a closing flange 14, which is formed substantially parallel to the central web 12 and on which the first boundary wall 15a is formed. The first boundary wall 15a is thus located on a side of the locking groove 13 that is proximal to the free end of the U-leg 11 and is extended compared to the opposite second boundary wall 15a, such that the second boundary wall 15a forms a projecting wall extending along the mounting element 10 in certain areas (see figure). Fig. 5.

[0079] Following the initial fixing of the mounting element 10 as described above, the assembly 20 is clipped onto the mounting element 10 in a subsequent step of assembling the holding device 1. The base element 50 of the assembly 20 and the mounting element 10 are designed such that the base element 50 can be snapped onto the mounting element 10. The base element 50 and its arrangement within the assembly 20 are described in more detail below.

[0080] The first embodiment provided for and in Fig. 11, Fig. 12 to Fig. 13. The basic element 50, shown separately, is profile-like and channel-like in cross-section with an inner area 55. In the first embodiment, the basic element 50 is designed as an extruded profile made of an aluminum material.

[0081] Fig. Figure 13 shows that the base element 50 has a cross-sectional shape formed with two legs 51 and a central section 52 connecting the legs 51. Along a longitudinal extent of the base element 50, the cross-sectional shape of the base element 50 is essentially constant, with through openings 56, 65, and 54, respectively, being provided in the central section 52 and in one of the shorter legs 51. The through openings 56 and 65 in the central section 52 and the through opening 54 in one of the legs 51 are preferably designed as circular openings. Preferably, the through openings 54, 56, and 65 are provided without machining, in particular by punching. In an alternative, however, the openings 54, 56, and 65 could instead be provided in the base element 50 by machining, for example, as circular bores.

[0082] The U-shaped legs 51 define the inner area 55 like a channel, while the central section 12 forms its base. The cross-sectional shape of the base element 50 is U-shaped, but asymmetrical with respect to an imaginary longitudinal median plane L50 located between the legs 51. An outer surface 53 of the central section 52, pointing away from the legs 51, is inclined relative to the longitudinal median plane L50 at an angle δ that deviates from 90 degrees, see [reference]. Fig. 13. The outer surface 53, which is essentially flat, is therefore not perpendicular, but inclined at an angle to the longitudinal median plane L50.

[0083] On its inner side, facing the inner region 55, the central section 52 has several first support sections 57, which are designed as ribs of different lengths projecting towards the inner region 55. The free ends of the first support sections 57 lie in a common imaginary plane E50, which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal mid-plane L50. In addition, one of the two legs 51, which is longer in cross-section of the base element 50, is provided on its inner side, on its side facing the inner region 55, with a second support section 58, which projects from the longer leg 51 in a rib-like manner and essentially transversely to the main extent of this leg 51. One of the main surfaces of the second support section 58 extends in the imaginary plane 50.

[0084] The support sections 57 and 58 extend on the inside along the entire longitudinal extent of the base element 50 and are formed in its extruded basic shape.

[0085] At a free end of each leg 51 of the base element 50, a locking lug 59 is formed, extending away from the leg 51 and towards the inner area 55. The locking lugs 59 thus point towards each other. The locking lugs 59 are formed as longitudinal ribs of the base element 50 in its extruded basic form and each extends along the entire longitudinal extent of the base element 50. Each locking lug 59 has a sliding ramp 59a and a retaining surface 59b.

[0086] To implement the clipping of the assembly 20 onto the mounting element 10, each of the locking lugs 59 interacts with one of the locking grooves 13 of the mounting element 10 and can engage in a snapping manner.

[0087] After the base element 50 is snapped onto the mounting element 10, the first support sections 57 abut the outer side of the central web 12 of the mounting element 10. The plane E50 thus essentially forms a flat surface after being clipped into place. Fig. 6 upper outer side of the central web 12 of the mounting element 10 together. The main surface of the second support section 58, lying in the plane E50, rests on the outer side of the central web 12 as a bearing surface.

[0088] In the first embodiment, the roof hook 40 is manufactured from an aluminum material by means of extrusion and cutting to length, whereas alternatively, the roof hook 40 can also be manufactured from a steel, for example in a bending process.

[0089] Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8 shows the pre-assembled assembly 20 as a whole. The roof hook 40 is arranged on a first main surface 31 of the replacement element 30, while the base element 50 is arranged in the area of ​​a second main surface 32 of the replacement element 30. In a state where the replacement element 30 is integrated into the roof covering 140 as intended, the first main surface 31 faces outwards away from the roof structure 120. The second main surface 32 is opposite the first main surface 31 and, in the integrated state of the replacement element 30, faces inwards towards the roof structure 120. Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, and also in the installed state within the roof covering 140, the roof hook 140 is located on top of the replacement element 30, while the base element 50 is located at the bottom of the replacement element 30 and rests against the replacement element 30 with its outer surface 53.

[0090] The base element 50, the replacement element 30, and the roof hook 40 are connected to each other by means of two rivets 60 for pre-assembly of the assembly 20. Each rivet 60 extends through one of two through-openings 47 (e.g., bores) in a foot section 45 of the roof hook 40, as well as through a round through-opening (not shown) of the replacement element 30 and one of two openings 65 of the base element 50. The elements 40, 30, and 50 are thus riveted together by means of the two rivets 60 and thereby pre-assembled, with the replacement element 30 positioned section by section between the base element 50 and the roof hook 40. The assembly 20 can therefore be handled advantageously as a whole and clipped onto the mounting element 10.

[0091] Fig. Figure 15 shows a detailed view, initially illustrating the locking of assembly 20 and mounting element 10. The locking hooks 59 engage in the locking grooves 13, with this locking occurring reliably before one or both of the locking lugs 59 unexpectedly disengage from an adjacent part of the roof structure 120. Fig. 15 not present - could be pending. This is achieved by protecting the locking groove 13 with the connecting flange 14.

[0092] In the clipped state of assembly 20 and mounting element 10, the mounting element 10 is sectionally received in the inner area 55 of the base element 50 formed between the legs 51. After clipping, the outer sides of the U-legs 11 are arranged adjacent to the inner sides of the legs 51.

[0093] The outer main surfaces 16 of the U-shaped legs 11 are each inclined obliquely outwards at an angle (90° + θ) relative to an essentially flat inner surface 17 of the central web 12, which is intended for resting on the roof batten 135. This angle thus deviates from 90 degrees. The outer main surfaces 16 of the two U-shaped legs 11 are therefore not parallel to each other, but open away from the central web 12.

[0094] The legs 51 of the base element 50 are not parallel to each other when viewed as a whole. Instead, the legs 51 are inclined outwards at an angle of (90° + α) or (90° + β) relative to the plane E50, which, in the clipped state of the mounting element 10 with the base element 50, runs parallel to a principal extension plane of the central web 12, with free sections of the same plane inclined outwards at an angle other than 90 degrees, namely (90° + α) or (90° + β). The angle (90° + α) at ​​which the shorter leg 51 is inclined relative to E50 is greater than the angle (90° + β) at which the longer leg 51 is inclined relative to E50; thus, in this embodiment, α > β, see [reference]. Fig. 13.

[0095] After the assembly 20 is clipped onto the mounting element 10, the base element 50, and thus the assembly 20, can still be moved relative to the mounting element 10 along its length. This allows the position of the assembly 20 on the mounting element 10 to be precisely adjusted to the requirements at the given location on the roof surface 110.

[0096] The final fastening of the assembly 20 and the mounting element 10 is described below.

[0097] The holding device 1 is designed such that, after the assembly 20 is clipped onto the mounting element 10, the assembly 20 and the mounting element 10 are connected to the roof structure 120 and to each other at at least three further fastening points. As described, the mounting element 10 is already pre-fixed at least by means of the first fastening element 86.

[0098] Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 15 illustrates that in the first embodiment a second fastening element 80 in the form of a screw: - through a round through-opening 46, in particular a circular bore, which is provided in the foot section 45 of the roof hook 40 between the two openings 47 used for riveting; - subsequently, a further round through-opening in the replacement element 30, which is arranged correspondingly to one of the through-opening 46 and is not visible in the figures, and which lies under the foot section 45; - furthermore, through one of the openings 56 in the base element 50, which in turn correspond to the opening 46 and are arranged between the two openings 65 serving to rivet the components of the assembly 20; and furthermore - is passed through one of the passage openings 19 located below the aforementioned three passage openings in the central web 12 of the mounting element 10 and is screwed firmly into the roof batten 135. The fastening element 80, designed as a screw, is inclined with respect to the top of the roof batten 135, see Fig. 15. The through-opening 46 is provided in an upwardly inclined area of ​​the foot section 45 to facilitate the screwing in of the screw 80, for example using a cordless screwdriver.

[0099] In the first embodiment, a further, third fastening element 85 in the form of a screw is also included: - through a further round through-opening 37 of the replacement element 30; - one of the through-openings 56 of the basic element 50, which is arranged corresponding to the through-opening 37; and - one of the through-openings 19 in the central web 12 of the mounting element 10, which lies below the corresponding openings 37 and 56, is guided and screwed firmly into the roof batten 135. The fastening element 85, designed as a screw, is slightly inclined with respect to the top of the roof batten 135, see Fig. 15.

[0100] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, an additional fourth fastening element 87 in the form of a screw is provided, which: - through one of the fastening points formed with the fastening element 80 adjacent to the through openings 54 in the shorter of the two legs 51 of the base element 50, and thereupon - through one of the through-openings 18 in one of the U-shaped legs 11 of the mounting element 10, the position of which corresponds to that of the used through-opening 54 and thus lies below it, and again screwed firmly into the roof batten 135. The fastening element 87, designed as a screw, extends almost parallel to the aforementioned upper surface of the roof batten 135, see Fig. 15. The angled position of the legs 51 improves accessibility and facilitates the insertion of the fastening element 87 from the outside of the roof 100, for example by means of a cordless screwdriver.

[0101] To further increase the load-bearing capacity, another fastening element 87 in the form of a screw could be inserted using another of the through-openings 54, in particular such that the two fastening elements 87 would then lie next to each other and on both sides of the fastening point formed with the fastening element 80, viewed in the direction along the roof batten 135.

[0102] The fastening elements 80, 85, 86, 87 described above ensure that the holding device 1 is reliably and stably attached to the roof structure 120. The roof hook 40, the replacement element 30, the base element 50, and the mounting element 10 are all attached to the roof structure 120, in the first embodiment to the roof batten 135, by means of the fastening element 80, and, via the roof batten 135 stiffened by the mounting element 10, also to the counter battens and rafters 130.

[0103] The mounting rail 190 can be attached to a load application point 41 of the roof hook 40, for example by means of a screw connection. The load application point 41, see Fig. 15 is adjacent to a free end of the roof hook 40 as seen with respect to the replacement element 30 and is arranged opposite the foot section 45 and thus serves to introduce loads resulting from the fastening of the object 200.

[0104] In the first embodiment, the roof hook 40 is designed such that the load introduction point 41 lies essentially on an imaginary straight line in a direction N, which, after the integration of the replacement element 30 into the roof covering 140, is normal to the roof surface 110, with a fastening point P80, at which, in the fastened state of the holding device 1, the fastening element 80, which passes through the roof hook 40 as described above, penetrates the roof batten 135 of the roof structure 120. Fig. Figure 15 shows the angle ξ = 90° between the plane of the roof surface 110 and the direction N.

[0105] The tightening of the fastening elements 80, 85, 87 also ensures that the base element 50 is pressed firmly onto the mounting element 10. In this way, the locking of the base element 50 with the mounting element 10 is reliably and completely achieved, even if manual clipping had not previously achieved this completely.

[0106] Furthermore, the clamping force achieved by means of the fastening elements 80, 85, 87 ensures that the first and second support sections 57, 58 are pressed firmly against the outside of the central web 12, see Fig. 15. Sections of the base element 50 and the mounting element 10 thus form together, after clipping them on, a closed hollow cross-section 70, which, after attaching the fastening elements 80, 85, 87, has the effect of a rigid, hollow box.

[0107] The closed hollow cross-section 70 is subdivided by the first support sections 57 into several, here by way of example four, hollow partial cross-sections 71, 72, 73, 74, and is essentially triangular in shape. Fig. Figure 15 illustrates the hollow cross-section 70 by means of a dotted line.

[0108] In the Fig. Figure 4 also shows a fall direction F of the roof surface 110, as well as a contour line H of the roof surface 110 perpendicular to this fall direction F. A center M of the replacement element 30 is in Fig. 4 is defined as the center along a direction that, after the integration of the replacement element 30 into the roof surface 110, runs locally parallel to the contour line H. In this way, a center line for marking the center M runs parallel to the downfall direction F, see Fig. 4.

[0109] In the first embodiment, the roof hook 40 is arranged off-center on the replacement element 30 with respect to its center M. A longitudinal median plane of the elongated foot section 45, by means of which the roof hook 40 rests on the replacement element 30, is oriented essentially parallel to the direction of fall F.

[0110] The replacement element 30 has a main area 33 in which the replacement element 30 is flat and planar. At two opposite lateral edges 34, which run transversely to the contour line H, the replacement element 30 has a raised section or upstand 35 and a raised section or upstand 36, respectively. The raised section or upstand 35 is larger and more robust, forming a kind of raised rib with a cross-section at least L-shaped, whereas the raised section or upstand 36 is designed as a planar leg bent upwards substantially perpendicularly from the main area 33.

[0111] The upturns or raised edges 35 and 36, as well as the edges 34, run essentially in the direction of fall F, define the main area 33 and stiffen the replacement element 30. In the first embodiment, the roof hook 40 is arranged in the main area 33 adjacent to the upturn or raised edge 35.

[0112] Roof-parallel loads acting on the roof hook 40 at load application point 41 generate a moment about the attachment point P80. A moment of roof-normal loads acting on the roof hook 40 at load application point 41 is nominally eliminated about P80 by aligning points 41 and P80 along a line in the direction N, or, even considering unavoidable inaccuracies, can at least be minimized in this way. Positioning the roof hook 40 adjacent to the upstand / curtain 35 allows for efficient transfer of the total moment resulting from the loads acting at point 41 into the adjacent roof tile or roofing slab 150 in the direction of fall F, and via this into the roof structure 120. Thus, the acting moment can be effectively supported without deflection of the substitute element 30.

[0113] In the first embodiment, the length L10 of the mounting element 10 is less than an inner distance DSi between the facing sides of two adjacent rafters 130, see Fig. 3. The mounting element 10 can, for example, have a length L10 of between 40 and 80 percent of the distance DSi. In some variants of the first embodiment, the length L10 can be in a range of approximately 40 cm to approximately 45 cm. If necessary, the mounting element 10 can be shortened on site in one variant.

[0114] The holding device 1 according to the first embodiment thus makes it possible, with a relatively compact, lightweight and easy-to-handle mounting element 10, to significantly increase the range of possible displacement of the replacement element 30 and thus of the roof hook 40 with respect to the center plane of the nearest rafter 130. For example, the range of displacement of the roof hook 40 along the batten 135 with respect to the rafter center can be up to approximately plus / minus 16 cm. Fig. 3, Fig. 4 The roof hook 40 is arranged laterally offset with respect to the center of the rafter.

[0115] Two possible, alternative mounting positions of the holding device 1 according to the first embodiment are shown. Fig. 16 and Fig. 17.

[0116] In Fig. 16. The mounting element 10 is arranged and pre-fixed on the roof batten 135 such that it is positioned approximately centrally with respect to the rafter 130 and the counter batten 132. Furthermore, in Fig. 16. The assembly 20 is clipped onto the mounting element 10 in such a way that the center M of the replacement element 30 approximately coincides with the center plane of the rafter 130. Also in Fig. 16. The roof hook 40 is laterally displaced along the roof batten 135 relative to the central plane of the rafter 130. The fastening elements 80, 85, 86, 87 are used analogously to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 described, wherein the first fixing of the mounting element 10 is now achieved by means of a centrally arranged through-opening 19.

[0117] Even in the variant of Fig. 17 The mounting element 10 is placed on the batten 135 in its longitudinal direction, approximately centered on the rafter 130. However, the mounting element 10 is not initially fixed to the batten 135, counter batten 132, and rafter 130 using the central opening 19. Instead, the mounting element 10 is... Fig. 17. The rafter 130 is first fixed to the batten 135 at an off-center position to the side of the rafter using the fastening element 86. The roof hook 40 is positioned above the center plane of the counter batten 132 and, in particular, also of the rafter 130. In this way, the fastening element 80, which in this variant is designed as a long screw, can be screwed not only into the batten 135, but also through it and the counter batten 132 into the rafter 130. The additional fastening elements 85 and 87 are attached as described above for further securing.

[0118] According to a second embodiment, see Fig. 18, a holding device 1' can have an extended mounting element 10' whose length L10' is greater than the distance DSi and preferably corresponds to at least one outer distance DSa between the opposite sides of two adjacent rafters 130, or alternatively to the outer distance between two adjacent counter battens 132. In this way, the mounting element 10' can be securely supported on two successive counter battens 132 or rafters 130. The two end support points of the mounting element 10' further improve the stiffening of the roof batten 135 against deflection under load, even when the roof hook 40 is positioned midway between the two successive rafters 130. The mounting element 10' is fixed as described above for the Fig. 3, Fig. 4 described by means of one of the fastening elements 86, designed as a long screw, near each end of the mounting element 10' and through the roof batten 135 and the counter batten 132 into the rafter 130. The fastening elements 85, 87 and 80 are inserted as above in connection with the situation in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 described. L10' can, for example, be between approximately 85 cm and approximately 100 cm in some variants, for example approximately 90 cm.

[0119] In addition to the above, the holding device 1' according to the second embodiment corresponds to the holding device 1 of the first embodiment. The holding device 1' can be in Fig. 1 instead of the holding device 1.

[0120] The base element 50 described above is dimensioned with respect to its length such that the replacement element 30 can rest on the base element 50 over as large an area as possible, but the base element 50 does not protrude laterally beneath the replacement element 30. In this respect, the base element 50 is in particular somewhat shorter than the width of the replacement element 30, in other words, than the distance between its two lateral edges 34 (see figure). Fig. 4.

[0121] A holding device according to a third embodiment can, for example for special or confined mounting situations, have a shorter base element 50' instead of the base element 50 described above, see Fig. 19. Except for the length and a reduced number of passage openings 54, 56 and 65, the basic element 50' does not differ from the basic element 50.

[0122] In the third embodiment, the position where the through-opening 37 is provided in the replacement element 30 and the fastening element 85 extends through this opening 37, one of the through-openings 56 of the base element 50' and one of the through-openings 19 of the mounting element 10 below it into the roof batten 135 is arranged closer to the roof hook 40 than in the first and second embodiments.

[0123] Beyond the differences described above, the holding device according to the third embodiment corresponds to the holding device 1 of the first embodiment. In one variant, the longer mounting element 10' could also be used in the third embodiment instead of the mounting element 10.

[0124] An assembly 20' of a holding device according to a fourth embodiment shows Fig. 20. Assembly 20' is designed like assembly 20, except that the roof hook 40 is arranged off-center in the main area 33 adjacent to the upstand or bend 36, instead of adjacent to the upstand or bend 35. In this fourth embodiment as well, the upstand or bend 36 is used to transfer the load into the roof tile or roofing slab 150 below, in particular to support moments resulting from forces acting on the roof hook 40. Assembly 20' can be used together with the mounting element 10 or 10'; furthermore, if necessary, the base element 50 could be replaced by the base element 50'.

[0125] In Fig. Figure 21 is a component 20'' of a holding device according to a fifth embodiment. For increased load-bearing capacity, two roof hooks 40 are arranged parallel to each other in the main area 33 of the replacement element 30, one of which is directly adjacent to the upstand or bend 35 and the other to the upstand or bend 36. In the fifth embodiment, the longer base element 50 is preferably used so that it lies under both roof hooks 40.

[0126] The assemblies 20', 20'' are also pre-assembled by means of riveting and, apart from the differences described above, are designed and used like assembly 20.

[0127] An assembly 20a''' of a holding device according to a sixth embodiment shows Fig. 22. Fig. 23, Fig. 24 to Fig. Figure 25 shows an assembly 20b''' of a holding device according to a seventh embodiment, Fig. 26 shows an assembly 20c''' of a holding device according to an eighth embodiment, Fig. 27 and Fig. Figure 28 shows an assembly 20d''' of a holding device according to a ninth embodiment, Fig. 29 shows an assembly 20e''' of a holding device according to a tenth embodiment, and Fig. Figure 30 illustrates an assembly 20f''' of a holding device according to an eleventh embodiment. In each of the assemblies 20a''', 20b''', 20c''', 20d''', 20e''', the roof hook 40, or in the case of assembly 20f''' the roof hook 40', is arranged on the first main surface 31 of a substitute element 30a, 30b or 30 in the region of the center M thereof, within the flat main area 33 of the substitute element 30a, 30b or 30. Except for the differences described below, the assemblies 20a''', 20b''', 20c''', 20d''', 20e''' and 20f''' are designed like the assembly 20 and are used in an analogous manner together with a mounting element 10 or 10', whereby again the basic element 50 can be replaced by the basic element 50' if necessary.

[0128] To effectively transfer the loads applied to the roof hooks 40, and in particular moments from roof-parallel loads, into the roof structure 120, corrugations 38 are provided on both sides of the center M and adjacent to the lateral edges of the base section 45 of the roof hook 40 in the assembly 20a'''. The two corrugations 38 extend essentially in one direction parallel to the base section 45, thus "extending" it. The relatively thin material in the flat main area 33 of the replacement element 30a is therefore stiffened against deflection near the center M. The groove 38, which extends essentially in the direction of fall F, is dimensioned such that it extends into an area of ​​the replacement element 30a in which the replacement element 30a, when integrated into the roof surface 110, at least partially overlaps the roof tile or roofing stone 150 following in the direction of fall F and the roof batten 135 following in the direction of fall F, on which it rests.With the exception of the grooves 38 and a modified positioning of through-openings for pre-assembling the assembly 20a''' and for inserting fastening elements 80, 85, the replacement element 30a is designed like the replacement element 30 described above.

[0129] The assembly 20b''' includes a replacement element 30b for the roof tile or roofing slate 150 to be replaced, which is formed on both sides of the center M in the otherwise flat main area 33 with folded ribs 39 parallel to each other and to the edges 34. For example, the sheet metal material from which the replacement element 30b is manufactured can first be laser-cut and then bent and folded. Details (B) and (C) in the Fig. 24, Fig. Figure 25 illustrates the folded ribs 39 in more detail. The two folded ribs 39 extend essentially along the entire length of the main section 33 in the direction of fall F and are also spaced apart from each other such that the foot section 45 of the roof hook 40 can be positioned between the ribs 39. A distance between the ribs 39 perpendicular to the direction of fall F thus corresponds essentially to the width of the foot section 45. Fig. Figure 23 shows that the ribs 39 extend beyond the next roof tile or roofing slate 150 and stiffen the entire extent of the main area 33 of the replacement element 30b in the direction of fall F against deflection. With the exception of the folded ribs 39 and a modified positioning of through-openings for pre-assembling the assembly 20b''' and for inserting fastening elements 80, 85, the replacement element 30b is designed like the replacement element 30.

[0130] In assembly 20c''', a replacement element 30 is provided, wherein the main area 33 is stiffened by means of an additional stiffening element 25 arranged on the outer first main surface 31 and in the main area 33. The stiffening element 25 is, for example, designed as a flat profile with a U-shaped cross-section and is attached to the first main surface 31, for example, by gluing, welding, or riveting it. The cross-section of the stiffening element 25 is selected such that the foot section 45 of the roof hook 40 can be inserted onto the stiffening element 25 between its legs, see [reference]. Fig. 26. The distance between the legs is selected such that it essentially corresponds to the width of the foot section 45. In the case of assembly 20c''', a longitudinal center plane of the stiffening element 25 is arranged essentially along the center M. The stiffening element 25 thus extends essentially parallel to the edges 34 in the direction of fall F and preferably into a region of the replacement element 30 where it overlaps the next roof tile or roofing slate 150 in the direction of fall F. The replacement element 30 is designed as described above for the first embodiment, except for a different placement of openings for rivets and fasteners.

[0131] Fig. Figure 27 shows the assembly 20d''' in perspective from an outside, i.e. from the first main surface 31. Fig. Figure 28 shows the assembly 20d''' in perspective from the opposite second main surface 32. Along the center M of the replacement element 30 and at a short distance from the center M, two additional stiffening elements 26 are provided, arranged on the second main surface 32 on both sides of the center M and parallel to the edges 34. The stiffening elements 26 are designed as I-shaped profiles. To prevent the stiffening elements 26 from colliding with the next roof tile or roofing slab 150 in the direction of fall F when installed in the roof covering 140, the stiffening elements 26 are shorter than the stiffening element 25, such that one end of the stiffening elements 26 extends as close as possible to the next roof tile or roofing slab 150, while the other end reaches to the base element 50.In assembly 20d''', the replacement element 30 is additionally stiffened on the inside. The roof hook 40 is arranged in an area of ​​the first main surface 51 that is adjacent to the stiffening elements 26. The stiffening elements 26 can be connected to the replacement element 30, for example, by riveting, welding, or bonding. The replacement element 30 is, in turn, designed as described above for the first embodiment, except for the different placement of openings for rivets and fasteners, and, if applicable, additional openings for riveting to the stiffening elements 26.

[0132] An assembly 20e''', which is a variant of the assembly 20d''', shows Fig. 29. Here, instead of the two stiffening elements 26, an additional stiffening element 27 in the form of a profile with a flat, U-shaped cross-section is provided on the second main surface 32. The roof hook 40 is arranged on the first main surface 31 and opposite the stiffening element 27. For further details, please refer to the above descriptions of assembly 20d'''.

[0133] At the in Fig. In the assembly 20f''' shown in Figure 30, a replacement element 30 as described above is provided, possibly with a modified placement of the openings. The assembly 20f''' has a roof hook 40' which is modified compared to the roof hook 40 and has an extended base section 45' provided for bearing on the main area 33. By means of the base section 45', stiffening of the main area 33 is made possible for improved load transfer and against deflection of the main area 33 under load. At the same time, additional separate stiffening elements or the introduction of ribs or beads in the eleventh embodiment can be omitted. The roof hook 40' is preferably made of an aluminum material by extrusion. Preferably, see Figure 30. Fig. 30, the extended foot section 45' extends into an overlap area with the next roof tile or roofing stone 150 in the direction of fall F.

[0134] For good stiffening and load transfer into the roof structure 120, approximately in the direction of fall F, it extends in Fig. 22 each of the grooves 38, together with the foot section 45 “extended” by the grooves 38, essentially over between about 70 percent and about 100 percent of a dimension of the main area 33. In Fig. 23 The two ribs 39 extend, viewed approximately in the direction of fall F, essentially over about 100 percent of one dimension of the main area 33. In Fig. 26 The stiffening element 25 extends in the direction of fall F essentially over between approximately 70 percent and approximately 100 percent of a dimension of the main area 33. In Fig. 28 and Fig. 29 The stiffening elements 26 and the stiffening element 27, respectively, each combined with a transverse dimension of the base element 50, extend essentially over between approximately 70 percent and approximately 100 percent of a dimension of the main area 33. Fig. 30 The extended foot section 45' in the direction of fall F extends substantially over between about 70 percent and about 100 percent of a dimension of the main area 33.

[0135] Although in the embodiments described above the replacement element 30 replaces exactly one roof tile or roofing slab 150, in other variants and / or depending on the type of roof tile or roofing slab 150 it may be provided that the replacement element 30 replaces more than one roof tile / roofing slab 150, for example two adjacent ones.

[0136] The holding devices according to all the first to eleventh embodiments described above can be arranged in configuration 180 of the Fig. 1 can be used, possibly in a wide variety of combinations with each other.

[0137] Although the present invention has been fully described above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not limited to these, but can be modified in many different ways. Reference symbol list 1, 1' Holding device 10, 10' Mounting element 11 U-shaped thigh 12 Middle walkway 13 Locking groove 14 End flange 15a first boundary wall 15b second boundary wall 16 outer main surface 17 interior surface 18, 19 Passage opening 20, 20', 20'', 20a''' Assembly 20b''', 20c''', 20d''' Assembly 20e''', 20f''' assembly 21 Resting device 25, 26, 27 Stiffening element 30, 30a, 30b Replacement element 31 first main surface 32 second main surface 33 Main area 34 Rand 35, 36 Upstand 37 Passage opening 38 groove 39 folded rib 40, 40' roof hook 41 Load introduction point 45, 45' foot section 46, 47 Passage opening 50, 50' basic element 51 thighs 52 Middle section 53 outdoor area 54, 56 Passage opening 55 Indoor area 57 first support section 58 second support section 59 Rastnase 59a Sliding ramp 59b Retention area 60 rivets 65 Passage opening 70 Hollow cross-section 71, 72, 73, 74 hollow partial cross-section 80, 85, 86, 87 Fastening element 100 roof 110 roof area 120 Roof construction 130 rafters 132 Counter batten 135 roof battens 140 Roof covering 150 roof tiles or roofing stones 180 arrangement 190 mounting rail 200 objects DSi Spacing rafters (inside) DSa Spacing of rafters (outside) E50 common level (basic element) F Fall direction H contour line L10, L10' length (mounting element) L50 longitudinal center plane (basic element) M Mitte N normal direction P80 mounting point α, β, δ, θ, ξ angles QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 20 2012 004 615 U1 [0003, 0004] OF 20 2024 107 506 U1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Holding device (1; 1') for use in fastening at least one object (200) in the area of ​​a sloping roof surface (110) of a roof (100), wherein the holding device (1; 1') has a profile-like mounting element (10; 10') which is designed to be fixed to a roof structure (120) of the roof (100), in particular at least to a roof batten (135) of the roof structure (120), wherein the holding device (1; 1') further comprises an assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') which includes a replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) for a roof tile (150) or roofing slab (150) of a roof covering (140) and at least one retaining element designed as a roof hook (40; 40'), and wherein the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') can be clipped onto the mounting element (10; 10'). [2] Holding device according to claim 1, characterized by, that the mounting element (10; 10') is designed to be fixed to the roof batten (135) and to a counter batten (132) and / or a rafter (130) of the roof structure (120). [3] Holding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') is pre-assembled. [4] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that, viewed with respect to a center (M) of the replacement element (30) which is defined along a direction which, after integration of the replacement element (30) into the roof covering (140), at least locally substantially follows a contour line (H) of the roof surface (110), the roof hook (40) is arranged off-center on the replacement element (30). [5] Holding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, that the replacement element (30) is essentially flat in a main area (33) thereof and, preferably at at least one edge (34) of the replacement element (30) or adjacent to this edge (34), has a stiffening uplift or upstand (35, 36) limiting the main area (33), wherein the roof hook (40) is arranged in the main area (33) adjacent to the uplift or upstand (35, 36) on the replacement element (30); and in particular that the edge (34) and / or the uplift or upstand (35, 36) after integration of the replacement element (30) into the roof covering (140) extends essentially in a downfall direction (F) of the roof surface (110). [6] Holding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by , that the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) is essentially flat in at least one main region (33) thereof; and that the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) has at least one bead (38) or folded rib (39) stiffening the main area (33) and the roof hook (40) is arranged adjacent to the bead (38) or folded rib (39), or that at least one additional stiffening element (25; 26; 27) is arranged in the main area (33) and the roof hook (40) is arranged adjacent to the additional stiffening element (25; 26; 27) or on the additional stiffening element (25) or the additional stiffening element (26; 27) opposite the main area (33), or that a foot section (45a') of the roof hook (40') intended for support on the main area (33) is extended to stiffen the main section (33) after connecting it to the foot section (45'); and in particular that the groove (38), the folded rib (39), the stiffening element (25; 26; 27) or the extended foot section (45') of the roof hook (40') extends substantially in a fall direction (F) of the roof surface (110) after integration of the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) into the roof covering (140), preferably substantially over between about 70 percent and about 100 percent of a dimension of the main area (33) in the fall direction (F) or with a dimension that extends at least substantially to a roof batten (135) or roof tile (150) following in the fall direction (F). [7] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the holding device (1; 1') is designed such that after clipping the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a''''-20f'''') onto the mounting element (10; 10') the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') is displaceable relative to the mounting element (10; 10') along the same. [8] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the holding device (1; 1') is arranged such that, after the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') is clipped onto the mounting element (10; 10'), at least one fastening element (80, 85, 87), preferably at least one screw, can be passed through a through-opening (46, 56, 37, 56, 54) of the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') and a through-opening (19, 19, 18) of the mounting element (10; 10') at a fastening point, and that the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') and the mounting element (10; 10') can be jointly fastened by means of the at least one fastening element (80, 85, 87) can be attached to the roof structure (120). [9] Holding device according to claim 8, characterized by, that at least three fastening points are provided, at each of which a fastening element (80, 85, 87), preferably a screw, can be passed through through openings in the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') and the mounting element (10; 10') assigned to the fastening point. [10] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the mounting element (10; 10') is elongated and channel-shaped and is designed to be placed on the roof batten (135) of the roof structure (120) and to partially accommodate a section of the roof batten (135); and / or that the mounting element (10) is designed to be fixed to the roof batten (135) by means of at least one screw (86). [11] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the mounting element (10; 10') has an essentially U-shaped cross-sectional form with U-legs (11) and a central web (12) connecting them, wherein in the area of ​​a free end of the U-leg (11) a locking groove (13) is provided on the outside of this, which is designed for interaction with an associated locking device (21) of the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') when clipping it on. [12] Holding device according to claim 11, characterized by, that the locking groove (13) is bounded towards the free end of the U-leg (11) by a closing flange (14) and preferably that the closing flange (14) is formed substantially parallel to the central web (12) and / or a first limiting wall (15a) of the locking groove (13) formed on the closing flange (14) is extended on a side of the locking groove (13) that is proximal to the free end of the U-leg (11) compared to a second limiting wall (15b) of the locking groove (13) opposite the first limiting wall (15a). [13] Holding device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by , that the outer main surfaces (16) of the U-legs (11) of the mounting element (10; 10') are each inclined obliquely outwards at an angle other than 90 degrees with respect to an essentially flat inner surface (17) of the central web (12) of the mounting element (10; 10') intended for placement on the roof batten (135). [14] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') has a base element (50; 50') wherein the base element (50; 50') and the mounting element (10; 10') are arranged such that for clipping the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') onto the mounting element (10; 10') the base element (50; 50') can be snapped onto the mounting element (10; 10'). [15] Holding device according to claim 14, characterized by , that the basic element (50; 50') is profile-like, in particular in its cross-section channel-like. [16] Holding device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by, that the base element (50; 50'), the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) and the roof hook (40; 40') are connected to each other, preferably by means of a rivet (60) or several rivets (60), such that the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) is located sectionally between the base element (50; 50') and the roof hook (40; 40'), and in particular that the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') is pre-assembled by means of the connection of the base element (50; 50'), the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) and the roof hook (40; 40'). [17] Holding device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized by, that the roof hook (40; 40') is arranged on a first main surface (31) of the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b), which in a state of the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) integrated into the roof covering (140) points outwards away from the roof structure (120), and the base element (50; 50') is arranged on a second main surface (32) of the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) opposite the first main surface (31), which in the state of the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) points inwards towards the roof structure (120). [18] Holding device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized by, that the holding device (1; 1') is arranged such that, after the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') is clipped onto the mounting element (10; 10'), the roof hook (40; 40'), the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b), the base element (50; 50') and the mounting element (10; 10') are jointly attached to the roof structure (120), in particular to the roof batten (135) or to the roof batten (135) and a rafter (130) and / or a counter batten (132), by means of a fastening element extending through the roof hook (40; 40'), the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b), the base element (50; 50') and the mounting element (10; 10') respectively. (80), preferably with a screw, are attachable. [19] Holding device according to claim 18, characterized by, that a load introduction point (41) of the roof hook (40; 40'), which is adjacent to a free end of the roof hook (40; 40') as seen with respect to the substitute element (30; 30a; 30b) and serves to introduce loads which originate from the fastening of the object (200), in a direction (N) which, after integration of the substitute element (30; 30a; 30b) into the roof covering (140) is normal to the roof surface (110), with a fastening point (P80) at which, in the fastened state of the holding device (1; 1') the fastening element (80) extending through the roof hook (40; 40') penetrates into the roof structure (120), lies essentially on an imaginary straight line. [20] Holding device according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized by, that the basic element (50; 50') has a cross-sectional shape formed with legs (51) and a central section (52) connecting them, which is asymmetrical with respect to an imaginary longitudinal median plane (L50) located between the legs (51), wherein an outer surface (53) of the central section (52) pointing away from the legs (51) is inclined relative to the longitudinal median plane (L50) at an angle (δ) that deviates from 90 degrees. [21] Holding device according to claim 20 in conjunction with one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by , that the mounting element (10; 10') can be received section by section in an inner area (55) of the base element (50; 50') formed between the legs (51) when clipped on, such that the U-legs (11) of the mounting element (10) are arranged with their outer sides adjacent to inner sides of the legs (51) of the base element (50; 50'). [22] Holding device according to claim 20 or 21 in conjunction with one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by , that the legs (51) of the base element (50; 50') are inclined obliquely outwards at least with free sections of the same at an angle to 90 degrees relative to a plane (E50) which, after being clipped onto the mounting element (10; 10'), lies parallel to a principal extension plane of the central web (12) of the mounting element (10; 10'). [23] Holding device according to one of claims 20 to 22 in conjunction with one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by , that the central section (52) of the base element (50; 50') is formed on the inside with first support sections (57), in particular ribs projecting on the inside, the free ends of which lie in a common imaginary plane (E50) and are designed to abut on the outside after being clipped onto the central web (12) of the mounting element (10; 10'). [24] Holding device according to one of claims 20 to 23 in conjunction with one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by , that one of the two legs (51) of the basic element (50; 50') which is longer in cross-section is provided on the inside with a second support section (58), which is in particular rib-shaped, wherein the second support section (58) projects substantially transversely to a main extension of the longer leg (51) and has a bearing surface for external support on the central web (12) of the mounting element (10; 10'). [25] Holding device according to one of claims 20 to 24 in conjunction with one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by , that at each free end of the leg (51) of the basic element (50; 50') a locking lug (59) with a sliding ramp (59a) and a retaining surface (59b) is provided and designed to interact with one of the locking grooves (13). [26] Holding device according to any one of claims 14 to 25, characterized by , that the base element (50; 50') and the mounting element (10; 10') are designed such that sections of the base element (50; 50') and the mounting element (10; 10') form a closed hollow cross-section (70) together after being clipped on, and in particular that the closed hollow cross-section (70) is essentially triangular in shape and / or is subdivided into hollow partial cross-sections (71-74). [27] Holding device according to any one of claims 14 to 26, characterized by, that the mounting element (10; 10'), the roof hook (40; 40'), the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) and the base element (50; 50') are each made of a metal material; and in particular that the mounting element (10; 10') and the base element (50; 50') are each made of an aluminium material and / or the metal material from which the roof hook (40; 40') is made and the metal material from which the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) is made are each selected from the group comprising an aluminium material and a steel. [28] Holding device according to any one of claims 14 to 27, characterized by , that the assembly element (10; 10') and / or the base element (50; 50') are each manufactured using an extrusion process. [29] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the roof hook (40; 40') is manufactured using an extrusion process or a bending process and / or that the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) is designed as a sheet metal bent part. [30] Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a length (L10) of the mounting element (10) is less than a distance (DSi) between facing sides of two adjacent rafters (130); or that a length (L10') of the mounting element (10') corresponds at least substantially to a distance (DSa) between facing sides of two adjacent rafters (130) or counter battens (132). [31] Arrangement (180) comprising at least one holding device (1; 1') according to one of the preceding claims, at least one mounting rail (190) and at least one photovoltaic module (200) attached in the area of ​​a sloping roof surface (110) of a roof (100) using the holding device (1; 1') and the mounting rail (190), wherein the assembly (20; 20'; 20''; 20a'''-20f''') of the holding device (1; 1') is clipped onto the profile-like mounting element (10; 10') of the holding device (1; 1'), the holding device (1; 1') is attached to a roof structure (120) of the roof (100), the replacement element (30; 30a; 30b) of the holding device (1; 1') replaces at least one, in particular exactly one, roof tile (150) or roofing stone (150) of a roof covering (140) of the roof (100), the mounting rail (190) is held using the holding device (1; 1') and is supported by the roof hook (40; 40') and the photovoltaic module (200) is attached to the mounting rail (190), in particular by clamping. [32] Arrangement according to claim 31, characterized by , that the profile-like mounting element (10; 10') overlaps a section of a roof batten (135) of the roof structure (120) and thereby partially supports it, wherein at least a part of the section of the roof batten (135) overlapped by the mounting element (10; 10') is supported on a rafter (130) or a counter batten of the roof structure (120).

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