3D printer

Abstract

3D printer, comprehensive: an extruder, wherein the extruder has a feed channel, and wherein a mounting area is provided on the extruder; at least two hot ends, wherein a discharge channel for receiving the material is formed at the hot end, wherein the hot end is provided with a coupling section, wherein the coupling section is compatible with the mounting area of ​​the extruder, wherein the coupling sections of the different hot ends are each detachably connected to the mounting area, so that the feed channel of the extruder is connected to the discharge channels of the at least two hot ends, so that the extruder can convey the material into the discharge channels of the hot ends.

Description

Cross-reference to related registrations

[0001] This application claims the priority right of the Chinese patent application filed on February 21, 2025, with application number 2025102013610 and titled “Multidimensional printing components, hot ends, extruders and multidimensional printing devices”, the content of which is partially incorporated in full by reference into the present text. Technical field

[0002] This application concerns the field of multidimensional printing technology, in particular a 3D printing device. Background technology

[0003] Multidimensional printing, such as two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) printing, refers to the production of complex geometric models using one or more materials. Multidimensional printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technology for creating three-dimensional objects by adding material layer by layer. Unlike traditional subtractive manufacturing (such as cutting, milling, etc.), multidimensional printing begins with a computer model and builds the object by incrementally layering material. The applications of this technology are extremely diverse and already encompass several fields, including manufacturing, healthcare, construction, art, and education.

[0004] The 3D printing process often requires the use of different materials. In related technologies, a tool head facilitates the switching between different materials, but the inventor recognized that this method results in significant material waste. Content of the invention

[0005] This application provides a 3D printing device that helps reduce the costs of multidimensional printing as well as material waste.

[0006] This registration provides a 3D printer, including: an extruder, wherein the extruder has a feed channel, and wherein a mounting area is provided on the extruder; at least two hot ends, wherein a discharge channel for receiving the material is formed at the hot end, wherein the hot end is provided with a coupling section, wherein the coupling section is compatible with the mounting area of ​​the extruder, wherein the coupling sections of the different hot ends are each detachably connected to the mounting area, so that the feed channel of the extruder is connected to the discharge channels of the at least two hot ends, so that the extruder can convey the material into the discharge channels of the hot ends.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present application, the extruder is equipped with a connecting end that serves to connect to the hot end, wherein the assembly area comprises a mounting space formed at the connecting end of the extruder, wherein the shape of the coupling section is adapted to the mounting space, and wherein the coupling section is received in the mounting space.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, the connection end comprises a first connection section and a second connection section connected in sequence, wherein the first connection section extends along a first direction, wherein the second connection section extends along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and wherein a mounting space is formed between the first connection section and the second connection section.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the extruder comprises a connecting element, wherein the connecting element is arranged in the assembly area, and wherein the connecting element serves to provide a fixed connection between the hot end and the extruder when the hot end is located in the assembly area.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the 3D printing device further comprises at least one positioning element, wherein the positioning element is arranged in the assembly area, wherein the positioning element serves to position the coupling section so that the coupling section interacts with and is fixed to the assembly area, wherein the coupling section has a positioning hole, wherein the positioning element can be inserted into the positioning hole to position and fix the coupling section.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the nozzles of the different hot ends is different.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, at least one of the feed channels and discharge channels is a straight channel.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the hot end comprises heating sections and nozzles connected in sequence, wherein the discharge channel includes a first channel formed in the heating section, the first channel connecting the nozzle to the feed channel.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the hot end further comprises a cooling section, wherein the cooling section, the heating section and the nozzle are connected in sequence, wherein the discharge channel further comprises a second channel formed in the cooling section, wherein the second channel is connected to the first channel.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the cooling section comprises a cooling frame and a cooling main body, wherein the cooling main body is mounted on the cooling frame, wherein the cooling frame has a connecting hole, wherein the first end of the heating section is connected to the cooling main body, wherein the second end of the heating section is guided through the connecting hole and extends beyond the cooling frame, wherein the connecting hole limits and guides the heating section to ensure communication and alignment of the first channel and second channel.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the heating section is detachably connected to the cooling frame. Illustration of the attached figures

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings, which must be used in describing the embodiments, are briefly described below. Of course, the accompanying drawings in the following description represent only some embodiments of the present application. A person skilled in the art can derive other accompanying drawings from these without any creative effort. Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of the 3D printing device of the present application; Fig. Figure 2 is the schematic exploded view I of the 3D printer of the present application; Fig. Figure 3 is the schematic exploded view II of the 3D printer of the present application; Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the structure of the beginning of the present application; Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the hot end structure of the present application, wherein the pressure product is located below the nozzle; Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the structure of the assembly site of the present application; Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the simple structure of the first part of the present application; Fig. Figure 8 is the schematic exploded view III of the 3D printing device of the present application. Illustration description of the attached figures: 1. Extruder; 11. Mounting area; 12. Connection end; 13. Housing; 14. Connecting element; 111. Mounting space; 121. First connection section; 122. Second connection section; 142. First snap-in structure; 143. Second snap-in structure; 2. Hot end; 21. Coupling section; 22. Cooling section; 23. Heating section; 24. Nozzle; 25. Connection area; 214. Positioning hole; 221. Cooling frame; 222. Cooling main body; 2211. Connection hole; 3. Positioning element; 4. Assembly seat. Specific embodiments

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the application. Naturally, the described embodiments represent only a subset of the embodiments of the application and do not constitute all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments that a person skilled in the art could achieve without inventive work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Furthermore, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described here serve only to illustrate and explain the application and are not intended to limit its scope.Unless otherwise specified, in this application directional terms such as "top", "bottom", "left" and "right" are generally used to refer to the directions from top, bottom, left and right of the device in its actual state of use or operation, in the direction of the drawing in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] When filing a patent application, it should be noted that the terms "connect," "connect," and "stack" should be interpreted broadly unless explicitly stated otherwise or limited. This could refer, for example, to a permanent connection, a detachable connection, a one-piece connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or a connection between two components. The specific meaning of the aforementioned terms in the context of the patent application should be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art.

[0020] This application provides a 3D printing device, which is explained in detail below. It should be noted that the order in which the following embodiments are described is not to be construed as a restriction of the preferred order of embodiments of this application. In the embodiments below, the focus of the description is on different aspects. Parts that are not explained in detail in a particular embodiment can be found in the corresponding descriptions of other embodiments.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, with reference to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. Section 3 describes a 3D printer for printing various materials. Materials are classified into different material types according to their varying properties. These properties can include the material's color, melting point, and the material itself.

[0022] Extruder 1, wherein the extruder 1 has a feed channel, wherein a mounting area 11 is provided on the extruder 1.

[0023] various hot ends 2, wherein a discharge channel for receiving the material is formed at the hot end 2, wherein the hot end 2 is provided with a coupling section 21, wherein the coupling section 21 is compatible with the mounting area 11 of the extruder 1, wherein the coupling sections 21 of the various hot ends 2 are each detachably connected to the mounting area 11, so that the feed channel of the extruder 1 is connected to the discharge channels of the at least two hot ends 2, so that the extruder 1 can convey the material into the discharge channels of the hot ends 2.

[0024] With regard to the hot end according to the embodiment of the present application, the coupling sections 21 of different hot ends 2 can each be detachably connected to the mounting area 11 of the extruder 1. Different hot ends 2 can fulfill different requirements; for example, different hot ends 2 can accommodate different materials, or the discharge channels of the hot ends 2 can have different diameters. The hot ends 2 connected via the extruder 1 thus enable the different requirements of the multidimensional printing process to be met. That is, by providing at least two different hot ends 2 and the detachable connection of the extruder 1 to at least two hot ends, it is achieved that the feed channels of different extruders 1 can be automatically connected to the discharge channels of the different hot ends 2.This allows the extruder 1 to work together with different hot ends 2 to meet the different requirements in the multidimensional printing process, which contributes to cost reduction in multidimensional printing.

[0025] It is understandable that the connecting element 14 is located in mounting area 11, thereby achieving efficient use of the space in mounting area 11 and simplifying the structure of the 3D printing tool head component. Furthermore, the hot end 2 is located in mounting area 11, and the connecting element 14 is also positioned in mounting area 11. With the hot end 2 located in mounting area 11, the connecting element 14 can be used to connect the hot end 2 directly to the extruder 1. This improves the ease of use of the connection between the connecting element 14, the hot end 2, and the extruder 1, thus simplifying the structure of the connecting element 14.

[0026] It is understandable that with the existing technology, if only one tool head is equipped, when switching from material A to material B the remaining material A must first be removed, which leads to material waste.

[0027] In the present application, the term "2" comprises, as in Fig. Figure 7 shows a cooling section 22 and a heating section 23 connected in sequence. The discharge channel comprises a second channel formed in the cooling section 22 and a first channel formed in the heating section 23; the first and second channels are connected. The length of the first channel is S1. The length of the second channel is S2. According to the prior art, each change of the die head for feeding ejects the material remaining in the hot end 2, resulting in a length of waste material S = S1 + S2. In the present application, the hot end 2, which is associated with the extruder 1, must be replaced separately when changing materials.Since the material in the second channel of the hot end 2 is usually in a liquid state, the waste length resulting from a separate replacement of the hot end 2, which is associated with the extruder 1, is less than S1, or it is sufficient to eject the material in the second channel via the first channel. Therefore, the waste length resulting from each replacement of a hot end 2 in the present application is S1. The 3D printer in this application contributes to reducing the costs of multidimensional printing and material waste, while maintaining a relatively balanced cost-to-material-waste ratio.It should be noted that, due to the different melting temperatures of various materials, when switching from a high-temperature material to a lower-temperature material, for example, from a material with a melting temperature of 250 °C to one with 200 °C, the conventional method of changing the tool head can lead to a blockage of the 250 °C material in the same hot end. The method described in this application avoids this problem, thus enabling simultaneous printing with multiple materials at different temperatures, as well as printing with multiple nozzle openings at different hot ends.

[0028] In some examples, multidimensional printing refers to 3D printing.

[0029] In some embodiments, the extruder 1 comprises, with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 a housing 13 and a connecting element 14, wherein the connecting element 14 is arranged in the mounting area 11, wherein the connecting element 14 serves to firmly connect the hot end 2 and the extruder 1 when the hot end 2 is located in the mounting area 11.

[0030] It is understandable that the hot end 2 is firmly connected to the housing 13 to establish the connection between the hot end 2 and the extruder 1, thus ensuring the stable flow of the extruder 1's feed channel and the hot end 2's discharge channel. The connecting element 14 is located in the mounting area 11, thereby achieving efficient use of the space in the mounting area 11 and simplifying the structure of the 3D printing tool head component. Furthermore, the hot end 2 is positioned in the mounting area 11, and the connecting element 14 is also placed in the mounting area 11. With the hot end 2 located in the mounting area 11, the connecting element 14 can be used to directly connect the hot end 2 to the extruder 1.This increases the user-friendliness of the connection between the connecting element 14, the hot end 2 and the extruder 1, and thus contributes to simplifying the structure of the connecting element 14.

[0031] In some examples, the connecting element 14 is, for instance, a magnetic closure, a snap-in element, or an adhesive element.

[0032] For example, the connecting element 14 is a snap-in element, wherein the snap-in element is firmly connected to the housing 13, and the snap-in element can engage and interact with the hot end 2. In particular, the hot end 2 has a snap-in groove compatible with the snap-in element. By aligning the snap-in groove of the hot end 2 with the snap-in element, a snap-in connection is created between the snap-in element and the hot end 2, thereby establishing the connection between the hot end 2 and the extruder 1. When the hot end 2 is disassembled, a force directed away from the snap-in element is exerted on the hot end 2, or a force directed away from the hot end 2 is exerted on the snap-in element, so that the snap-in element and the hot end 2 are separated and the hot end 2 can move relative to the extruder 1.

[0033] In some embodiments, the connecting element 14 comprises, with reference to Fig. 8 a first snap-in structure 142, wherein the hot end 2 is formed with a second snap-in structure 143; wherein the first snap-in structure 142 and the second snap-in structure 143 are locked to firmly connect the hot end 2 and the housing 13.

[0034] It is understandable that when the hot end 2 is connected to the housing 13, the first locking structure 142 and the second locking structure 143 engage, thus firmly connecting the hot end 2 to the housing 13. This creates a snap-fit ​​connection between the hot end 2 and the extruder 1. When the hot end 2 needs to be disassembled, the first locking structure 142 and the second locking structure 143 disengage, allowing the hot end 2 to move relative to the housing 13. This enables the hot end 2 to be disassembled, making it detachably connected to the extruder 1 and ensuring easy assembly and disassembly.

[0035] In some examples, one of the first snap-in structure 142 and the second snap-in structure 143 is a snap-in pin, while the other of the first snap-in structure 142 and the second snap-in structure 143 is a snap-in hole.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The extruder 1 is equipped with a connecting end 12 for connection to the hot end 2, wherein the mounting area 11 comprises a mounting space 111 formed at the connecting end 12 of the extruder 1, the shape of the coupling section 21 being adapted to the mounting space 111. The adaptation can consist of the shape and / or size of the coupling section 21 matching the mounting space 111. The coupling section 21 is housed in the mounting space 111.

[0037] It is understandable that by forming a mounting space 111 at the connection end 12 of the extruder 1, the hot end 2 can be arranged in the mounting space 111 with a coupling section 21 adapted to the mounting space 111, thus ensuring that the hot end 2 can be connected to the extruder 1.

[0038] It is understandable that the shape of the coupling sections 21 of the various hot ends 2 is adapted to the assembly space 111.

[0039] With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 includes the connection end 12, in particular the first connection section 121 and the second connection section 122 connected in sequence, wherein the first connection section 121 runs along a first direction, wherein the second connection section 122 runs along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and wherein an assembly space 111 is formed between the first connection section 121 and the second connection section 122.

[0040] It is understandable that the first end of the first connecting section 121 is connected to the first end of the second connecting section 122, the second end of the first connecting section 121 extends in the first direction, and the second end of the second connecting section 122 extends in the second direction. There is an angle greater than 0° between the extension direction of the second end of the first connecting section 121 and the extension direction of the second end of the second connecting section 122, thus forming a mounting space 111 between the second end of the first connecting section 121 and the second end of the second connecting section 122, which allows the hot end 2 to be accommodated in the mounting space 111.

[0041] It is understandable that the shape of at least one of the first connection sections 121 and second connection sections 122 is adapted to the shape of the coupling section 21 of the hot end 2 to ensure that the hot end 2 is compatible with the connection end 12 of the extruder 1, thus establishing the connection between the hot end 2 and the extruder 1. In some examples, the shape of the first connection section 121 on the hot end 2 side is adapted to the shape of the coupling section 21, so that the coupling section 21 of the hot end 2 can be properly connected to the first connection section 121. For example, the feed channel of the extruder 1 is formed at the first connection section 121. When the coupling section 21 is connected to the first connection section 121, the discharge channel of the hot end 2 and the feed channel of the extruder 1 are connected to each other.

[0042] In some examples, the mounting area 11 can also refer to the mounting surface formed on the extruder 1. The shape of the mounting surface is adapted to the shape of the coupling section 21 so that the coupling section 21 can interact with the mounting surface to establish the connection between the hot end 2 and the extruder 1.

[0043] In some exemplary embodiments with reference to Fig. 3 The 3D printing device further comprises at least one positioning element 3, wherein the positioning element 3 is arranged in the mounting area 11, wherein the positioning element 3 serves to position the coupling section 21 so that the coupling section 21 interacts with and is fixed to the mounting area 11, wherein the coupling section 21 has a positioning hole 214, wherein the positioning element 3 can be inserted into the positioning hole 214 to position and fix the coupling section 21.

[0044] It is understandable that when connecting the hot end 2 to the mounting area 11, the positioning element 3 can perform a positioning function for the coupling section 21 of the hot end 2, so that the coupling section 21 of the hot end 2 can interact smoothly with the mounting area 11 of the extruder 1 to achieve a secure coupling between the hot end 2 and the extruder 1. By forming a positioning hole 214 in the coupling section 21 that is compatible with the positioning element 3, the positioning element 3 can be inserted into the coupling section 21, thereby achieving the positioning of the coupling section 21.

[0045] In some examples, the positioning element 3 is, for instance, a positioning pin, a positioning plate, or another suitable structural part with a positioning function.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present application, the diameters of the nozzles 24 of the different hot ends 2 are unequal.

[0047] It is understandable that different hot ends 2 can be detachably connected to the extruder 1. By using different hot ends 2, the diameter of the nozzle 24 of the 3D printing tool head component can be changed to meet the different requirements of the multidimensional printing process, thus contributing to cost reduction in multidimensional printing.

[0048] In one embodiment, at least one of the feed channels and discharge channels is a straight channel.

[0049] It is understandable that the feed channels and / or discharge channels are designed as straight channels so that the material is not easily blocked during movement in the feed channels and / or discharge channels.

[0050] It is understandable that a straight channel refers to a channel that extends along a straight line and has no bends.

[0051] In some embodiments, the hot end 2 comprises as in Fig. 4 heating sections 23 and nozzles 24 connected in sequence, wherein the discharge channel includes a first channel formed in the heating section 23, the first channel connecting the nozzle 24 to the feed channel.

[0052] It is understandable that by connecting the first channel of the heating section 23 with the feed channel and the nozzle 24, the material can enter the first channel via the feed channel. The heating section 23 can then heat the material in the first channel to a preset temperature before it is ejected through the nozzle 24.

[0053] In one embodiment, the hot end 2 comprises as in Fig. 4 further a cooling section 22, wherein the cooling section 22, the heating section 23 and the nozzle 24 are connected in sequence, wherein the discharge channel further comprises a second channel formed in the cooling section 22, the second channel being connected to the first channel. The length of the second channel is as in Fig. 7 S2. The length of the first channel is S1.

[0054] It is understandable that extruder 1 feeds the material into the second channel, and then the material is directed into the first channel. At this point, heating section 23 can heat the material so that it reaches the preset temperature, allowing nozzle 24 to extrude the material.

[0055] It is understandable that, according to the prior art, costs are reduced by changing the feed using a tool head. However, during the changeover, the material remaining in the hot end 2 must be removed, leading to material waste in the second and first channels. The length of the wasted material is S1 + S2 = S. In the present application, by arranging at least two hot ends 2, when different materials are required, the waste length generated when directly replacing a single hot end 2 is reduced to less than S1, or it is only necessary to eject the material from the second channel via the first channel. Therefore, the waste length generated with each replacement of a hot end 2 in this application is S1, thus effectively reducing material loss.Due to the different melting temperatures of various materials when switching from a high-temperature material to a lower-temperature material, for example, when switching from a material with a melting temperature of 250 °C to a material with a melting temperature of 200 °C, the conventional method of changing the tool head can lead to clogging with the 250 °C material in the same hot end. The method described in this application avoids this problem, thus enabling simultaneous printing with multiple materials at different temperatures as well as printing with multiple nozzle openings at different hot ends.

[0056] In some embodiments, the cooling section 22 comprises, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 a cooling frame 221 and a cooling main body 222, wherein the cooling main body 222 is mounted on the cooling frame 221, wherein the cooling frame 221 has a connecting hole 2211, wherein the first end of the heating section 23 is connected to the cooling main body 222, wherein the second end of the heating section 23 is guided through the connecting hole 2211 and extends beyond the cooling frame 221, wherein the connecting hole 2211 limits and guides the heating section 23 to ensure communication and alignment of the first channel and second channel.

[0057] It is understandable that the formation of connecting holes 2211 in the cooling frame 221 allows the heating section 23 to be connected to the main cooling body 222 via these connecting holes 2211, thus facilitating the connection between the heating section 23 and the cooling section 22. Simultaneously, the first end of the heating section 23 is connected to the main cooling body 222 after this connection, while the second end of the heating section 23 is guided through the connecting hole 2211 and extends beyond the cooling frame 221. This ensures that the second end of the heating section 23 extends beyond the cooling section 22, facilitating the connection between the heating section 23 and the nozzle 24. Furthermore, the connecting hole 2211 can serve a limiting and guiding function for the heating section 23, thus facilitating the alignment of the second channel with the first.

[0058] In particular, the heating section 23 is detachably connected to the cooling frame 221.

[0059] It is understandable that the heating section 23 is detachably connected to the cooling frame 221, and that the heating section 23 can be mounted and dismounted relative to the cooling section 22, thus allowing for easy replacement of either the heating section 23 or the cooling section 22 in the event of a defect. Simultaneously, when cleaning the second channel of the cooling section 22 and the first channel of the heating section 23, the heating section 23 can be dismounted, thereby facilitating cleaning of the second and first channels.

[0060] In some examples, the heating section 23 is detachably connected to the cooling frame 221 by snapping, magnetic attraction or gluing.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of this application, a 3D printer is provided for printing the same material. The embodiment of the second aspect differs from the embodiment of the first aspect as follows: At least two hot ends, wherein the hot end 2 is configured with a discharge channel, the bore diameters of the discharge channels being different for each hot end 2. The discharge channels of the different hot ends 2 are designed to receive the same material. Each hot end 2 is equipped with a coupling section 21 for adaptation to the mounting area 11, wherein the mounting area 11 can be detachably connected to at least two coupling sections 21, such that the feed channel of the extruder 1 is in passage with the discharge channels of the at least two hot ends 2.This allows extruder 1 to feed the same material into the discharge channels of hot ends 2 with different bore diameters. This means that, to meet printing requirements, identical materials can be placed in hot ends with different bore diameters to accommodate operating conditions where multiple nozzle diameters of hot ends are printing simultaneously.

[0062] It is understandable that the coupling sections 21 of different hot ends 2 can each be detachably connected to the mounting area 11 of the extruder 1. The bore diameters of the discharge channels of the different hot ends 2 differ, so that by connecting a different hot end 2 to the extruder 1, the discharge diameter of the 3D printing tool head component can be changed. This meets the different requirements for the discharge diameter in the multidimensional printing process and contributes to cost reduction in multidimensional printing.

[0063] In some embodiments, the 3D printer includes, as in Fig. 6 furthermore a mounting seat 4, wherein at least two hotends 2 are detachably mounted on the mounting seat 4.

[0064] It is understandable that mounting seat 4 can be used as a storage location for the hot end 2. If the hot end 2 connected to extruder 1 needs to be replaced, it can be detached and attached to mounting seat 4. Simultaneously, the new hot end 2 is removed from mounting seat 4 and connected to extruder 1. This makes replacing the hot end 2 of the 3D printing tool head component simple and convenient. Furthermore, mounting seat 4 serves as a storage location for the hot end 2, simplifying the storage of unused hot ends 2. After connecting the hot end 2 to extruder 1, both the hot end 2 and extruder 1 can be mounted together on mounting seat 4. In this configuration, the hot end 2 and extruder 1 together form a printing tool head.

[0065] The 3D printer provided for this application has been described in detail above.

[0066] This document explains the principles and embodiments of this application using concrete examples. The description of the aforementioned embodiments serves only to facilitate understanding of the method and the core idea of ​​this application. At the same time, those skilled in the art will make modifications to the ideas of this application with regard to specific embodiments and areas of application. In summary, the content of this description should not be understood as limiting the present application. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] CN 2025102013610

[0001]

Claims

[1] 3D printer, comprising: an extruder, wherein the extruder has a feed channel, and wherein a mounting area is provided on the extruder; at least two hot ends, wherein a discharge channel for receiving the material is formed at the hot end, wherein the hot end is provided with a coupling section, wherein the coupling section is compatible with the mounting area of ​​the extruder, wherein the coupling sections of the different hot ends are each detachably connected to the mounting area, so that the feed channel of the extruder is connected to the discharge channels of the at least two hot ends, so that the extruder can convey the material into the discharge channels of the hot ends. [2] Printing device according to claim 1, wherein the extruder is equipped with a connecting end for connection to the hot end, wherein the mounting area comprises a mounting space formed at the connecting end of the extruder, wherein the shape of the coupling section is adapted to the mounting space, and wherein the coupling section is received in the mounting space. [3] 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein the connection end comprises a first connection section and a second connection section connected in sequence, wherein the first connection section extends along a first direction, wherein the second connection section extends along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and wherein a mounting space is formed between the first connection section and the second connection section. [4] 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein the extruder comprises a connecting element, wherein the connecting element is arranged in the assembly area, wherein the connecting element serves to firmly connect the hot end and the extruder when the hot end is in the assembly area. [5] 3D printing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the 3D printing device further comprises at least one positioning element, wherein the positioning element is arranged in the assembly area, wherein the positioning element serves to position the coupling section so that the coupling section interacts with and is fixed to the assembly area, wherein the coupling section has a positioning hole, wherein the positioning element can be inserted into the positioning hole to position and fix the coupling section. [6] 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the nozzles of the different hot ends is different. [7] 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the feed channels and discharge channels is a straight channel. [8] 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the hot end comprises heating sections and nozzles connected in sequence, wherein the discharge channel comprises a first channel formed in the heating section, wherein the first channel connects the nozzle to the feed channel. [9] 3D printer according to claim 8, wherein the hot end further comprises a cooling section, wherein the cooling section, the heating section and the nozzle are connected in sequence, wherein the discharge channel further comprises a second channel formed in the cooling section, wherein the second channel is connected to the first channel. [10] 3D printer according to claim 9, wherein the cooling section comprises a cooling frame and a cooling main body, wherein the cooling main body is mounted on the cooling frame, wherein the cooling frame has a connecting hole, wherein the first end of the heating section is connected to the cooling main body, wherein the second end of the heating section is guided through the connecting hole and extends beyond the cooling frame, wherein the connecting hole limits and guides the heating section to ensure communication and alignment of the first channel and second channel. [11] 3D printer according to claim 10, wherein the heating section is detachably connected to the cooling frame.

Images