Rearview arrangement for a vehicle with a visibly opaque optical element for reflecting infrared light

Abstract

Rearview arrangement for a vehicle, the rearview arrangement encompassing: a reflective element designed to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; an infrared lighting source arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element to illuminate a field of view with infrared light, wherein the field of view comprises at least part of a vehicle interior; and an optical element arranged behind the reflective element and designed to direct infrared light from the infrared illumination source onto the field of view, comprising the optical element: a shaped section consisting of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, wherein the shaped section has a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged on the rear surface of the shaped section and designed to substantially reflect infrared light emitted by the illumination source that passes through the shaped section in the direction of the field of view.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present invention relates to rearview camera arrangements and imaging systems for vehicles and in particular to an imaging system for an interior rearview camera arrangement. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0002] One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a rearview arrangement for a vehicle. The rearview arrangement comprises a reflective element; an infrared light source arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element to illuminate a field of view with infrared light, the field of view comprising at least a portion of a vehicle interior; and an optical element arranged behind the reflective element and configured to direct infrared light from the infrared light source onto the field of view.The optical element comprises: a shaped section consisting of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, the shaped section having a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged and configured on the rear surface of the shaped section to substantially reflect infrared light emitted by the illumination source passing through the shaped section in the direction of the field of view.

[0003] Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide an imaging system for a vehicle comprising a reflective element configured to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; at least one image sensor in conjunction with the rearward view arrangement, configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view includes at least a portion of a vehicle interior; an infrared illumination source arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element in order to illuminate at least a portion of the field of view of the image sensor with infrared light;and comprises an optical element arranged and configured behind the reflecting element to direct infrared light from the infrared illumination source onto the field of view. The optical element comprises: a shaped section made of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, the shaped section having a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged and configured on the rear surface of the shaped section to substantially reflect infrared light emitted from the illumination source that passes through the shaped section in the direction of the field of view.

[0004] Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a rearview arrangement for a vehicle, wherein the rearview arrangement comprises: a reflective element configured to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, the reflective element being substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; at least one image sensor associated with the rearview arrangement, configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, the field of view comprising at least a portion of a vehicle interior; a plurality of infrared LEDs arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element to illuminate at least a portion of the field of view of the image sensor with infrared light;and an optical element arranged and configured behind the reflecting element to direct infrared light from the infrared LEDs onto the field of view. Optical element comprising: a shaped section made of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, the shaped section having a front surface and a rear surface, and a plurality of recessed cups, each with an opening through the rear surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned; and a reflector arranged and configured on the rear surface of the shaped section to reflect substantially infrared light emitted by the light source passing through the shaped section, the reflector reflecting the infrared light toward the field of view of the image sensor.

[0005] These and other features, advantages and functions of the present device will be more fully understood and comprehensible to experts after studying the following description, the claims and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The embodiment(s) will / will now be described with reference to the following drawings, in which: Fig. 1 generally illustrates a front view of an imaging system according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 2 generally illustrates a front view of an imaging system with light sources integrated into a rear view arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 3 generally illustrates a schematic view of an imaging system according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 4 generally illustrates a perspective view of an imaging system integrated into an inside-rearview mirror arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 5 generally illustrates a perspective view of an imaging system integrated into an inside-rearview mirror arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 6 generally illustrates a side view of an imaging system that is integrated into an inside rearview mirror arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 7 generally illustrates a side view of an imaging system that is integrated into an inside rearview mirror arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 8 generally illustrates a top view of an imaging system that is integrated into an inside rearview mirror arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. 9 generally illustrates a top view of an imaging system that is integrated into an inside rearview mirror arrangement according to one aspect of the present disclosure; Fig. Figure 10 generally illustrates a front view of an LED bank that can be used in one of the above imaging systems; Fig. Figure 11 generally illustrates a perspective cross-sectional view of the LED bank, which is in Fig. 10 is shown along line XI-XI; Fig. 12 generally an enlarged section of the cross-section of Fig. 11 illustrates; Fig. 13 is a diagram that depicts the transmittance of a shaped section of the LED bank as a function of wavelength; and Fig. Figure 14 generally illustrates a front view of another version of an LED bank that can be used in one of the imaging systems above.

[0007] The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale; rather, the focus is on illustrating the principles described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXECUTION FORMS

[0008] For the purposes of this description, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", "left", "back", "front", "vertical", "horizontal" and derivatives thereof refer to the rearview arrangement as described in Fig. 1 is aligned. Unless otherwise specified, the term "front" refers to the surface of the element that is closer to a prospective viewer of the rearview mirror arrangement, and the term "rear" refers to the surface of the element that is farther away from the prospective viewer of the rearview mirror arrangement. It is understood, however, that the invention may assume various alternative orientations, except where expressly stated otherwise. It is also understood that the specific devices and methods illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the following description are merely exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the accompanying claims.Therefore, specific dimensions and other physical properties in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein should not be considered limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise.

[0009] The terms "include," "include," "comprising," or any other variations thereof cover non-exclusive inclusion insofar as a process, procedure, article, or device that includes a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements but may also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, procedure, article, or device. An element preceded by "includes a..." does not, without further limitations, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, procedure, article, or device that includes the element.

[0010] As defined herein, "approximately" and "about," when used in reference to angles, proportions, and the like, may in some embodiments mean within plus or minus ten percent of the stated value. In other embodiments, "approximately" and "about," when used in reference to angles, proportions, and the like, may mean within plus or minus five percent of the stated value. In further embodiments, "approximately" and "about," when used in reference to angles, proportions, and the like, may mean within plus or minus three percent of the stated value. In still other embodiments, "approximately" and "about," when used in reference to angles, proportions, and the like, may mean within plus or minus one percent of the stated value.

[0011] Referring to the Fig. Reference numeral 10, as used in references 1 to 9, generally designates an imaging system that is operable to perform one or more identification functions. An exemplary embodiment of the imaging system 10 is shown integrated into an interior rearview mirror assembly 12 of a motor vehicle. The interior rearview mirror assembly 12 may be configured as an electro-optical rearview mirror assembly 12 with a reflective element 14 having variable reflectance arranged in a housing 16. The reflective element 14 is substantially transparent in the near-infrared and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. As used herein, “infrared” or “IR” means any light having a wavelength between about 800 nm and 1000 nm. Although shown as integrated into the mirror assembly 12, it is understood that one or more components of the imaging system 10 may be integrated into other parts of the vehicle (e.g.,Trim panels, a roof console, a sun visor, center consoles, a steering wheel 17 (. Fig. 6 to 9), etc.) can be integrated.

[0012] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 2 to 4, a first light source 18 and a second light source 20 can be arranged concealed within the housing 16 behind the mirror element 14 and still provide illumination in a field of view of the imaging system 10. As discussed herein, one or more auxiliary light sources 19 ( Fig. 3) or third light sources may also be provided in internal structures of the vehicle (e.g., a center console, vehicle seats, a dashboard, etc.) and / or adjacent to an external panel or wall of the vehicle, such as a roof or a side wall. The auxiliary light source 19 may be a retrofit accessory or integrated into the vehicle as an integrated assembly. Although the first light source 18 is shown as being located on a first side 21a of the mirror assembly 12 and the second light source 20 as being located on a second side 21b opposite the first side 21a, it is understood that the positions shown are not to be considered restrictive.

[0013] As in Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the first light source 18 is configured to project a first illumination, generally represented by arrow 22, and the second light source 20 is configured to project a second illumination, generally represented by arrow 23. The first and second illuminations 22, 23 can be projected by the mirror element 14 into an interior 24 of the vehicle and onto an occupant 25, such as a driver 25a, a front passenger 25b ( Fig. 8 to 9) or rear passengers. The interior 24 can be front passenger compartments 24a, 24b, such as a driver compartment 24a and a front passenger compartment 24b ( Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). Additionally, a rear passenger compartment 24c (shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9) correspond to a seating position of the rear passengers. The first light source 18 can be spaced a distance D1 from a target surface. In some implementations, the target surface can correspond to an eye 26 of the occupant 25. In some implementations, the target surface can correspond to a first target surface 26a and a second target surface 26b, where the first and second target surfaces 26a, 26b are each associated with a first eye 26a and a second eye 26b of the occupant 25. In some implementations, the target surface can correspond to an iris 26c of the occupant 25. In general, the first and second lights 22, 23 can illuminate one or more features of the occupant 25 to enable monitoring or authentication functions.

[0014] The first and second illuminations 22, 23 have the same wavelength, including wavelengths in a range of 800 nm to 1000 nm.

[0015] As shown, the first and second light sources 18, 20 can each have one or more infrared emitter banks 27, which each emit the first and second illumination 22, 23. Each illumination source (emitter bank) 27 can have a plurality of near-infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 102 ( Fig. 10) or near-IR VCSELs, which may be grouped in an array or matrix or in some other arrangement.

[0016] One problem with providing sufficient illumination from the infrared emitter banks 27 for the field of view of the imaging system 10 is that conventional reflectors made of aluminum or the like can be visible through the reflective element 14 in daylight. This is because any visible light that can pass through the reflective element 14 can be reflected back through the reflective element 14 to the viewer's eyes by such a reflector for the infrared emitter banks 27. The embodiments described below solve this problem.

[0017] A first example of the infrared radiator bench 27 is in the Fig. Figures 10 to 12 illustrate the infrared emitter array 27, which includes at least one infrared light source (for example, LEDs 102) arranged behind the reflective element 14 and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element 14 to illuminate a field of view with infrared light. The field of view comprises at least a portion of the vehicle interior 24 and includes all or at least a portion of the field of view of the imaging system, as described below. The infrared emitter array 27 further includes an optical element 104 arranged behind the reflective element 14 and configured to direct infrared light from the infrared light source 102 onto the field of view. The optical element 104 has a shaped section 106 with a visible opaque material that is substantially transparent in the infrared range (having a transmittance of at least 80%).The shaped section 106 has a front surface 107 and a rear surface 108. The optical element 104 further comprises a reflector 110, which is arranged on the rear surface 108 of the shaped section 106 and is configured to reflect infrared light emitted by the infrared illumination source 102, which passes through the shaped section, substantially in the direction of the field of vision. The shaped section 106 can have a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light. In this way, visible light passing through the reflective element 14 and reaching the optical element 104 cannot be transmitted through the shaped section 106 to the reflector 110. The optical element 104 is therefore not visible to a vehicle occupant, even in daylight.On the other hand, the optical element 104 is still able to reflect the infrared light into the field of view, since the infrared light can pass through the shaped section 106 and be reflected back towards the field of view through the shaped section 106 by the reflector 110.

[0018] The molded section 106 can be made of any material that is sufficiently opaque to visible light and transparent to infrared light. For example, the molded section 106 can be made of polycarbonate containing an opaque dye such as Epolight™ 7778, 7276A, 7276B, and 7276F, the visible opaque dyes being available from Epolin in Newark, New Jersey. The transmittance of the molded section 106, when made of polycarbonate with visible opaque dye Epolight™ 7778, is in Fig. Figure 13 shows that this particular shaped section 106 blocks light from 200 to 650 nm and has a transmittance of 5% at 661 nm, 50% at 687 nm, 80% at 717 nm, and 85% at 744 nm. Such a shaped section 106 can therefore have a matte black color.

[0019] The reflector 110 can be formed from an aluminum layer applied to the rear surface 108 of the shaped section 106. The aluminum layer can be applied to the rear surface 108 by sputtering, as a paint layer, or as machined aluminum.

[0020] Fig. Figure 11 generally illustrates a perspective cross-sectional view of the in Fig. 10 LED bank 27 shown along line XI-XI and Fig. Figure 12 generally illustrates an enlarged section of the cross-section of Fig. 11. As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 10 to 12, the front surface 107 can have a plurality of recessed cups 111 surrounding openings 103 in which the plurality of LEDs 102 are arranged. The recessed cups 111 are blunt, with a relatively flat surface 112 serving to prevent infrared light from being projected onto the vehicle's headliner. Otherwise, if infrared light were projected onto the headliner, it could saturate the image captured by the imaging system 10.

[0021] The front surface 107 and the rear surface 108 can have different shapes. This can serve to account for the refraction of infrared light as it passes through the shaped section 106. The shapes of the front surface 107 and the rear surface 108 can be selected to provide uniform illumination across the entire field of view, while taking into account the angles of refraction and reflection caused by the optical element 104.

[0022] Fig. Figure 14 generally illustrates a front view of another version of an LED bank 27a, wherein the truncated shells 111a of the shaped section 106a are more square than the more rounded shells 111 as shown in Fig. 10 are shown.

[0023] The following description of the remaining components of the Imaging System 10 is derived from US patent application No. 18 / 109,395, filed on February 14, 2023, entitled “IMAGING SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE”, and is provided to complete the description of the Imaging System 10.

[0024] An image sensor 28 can be arranged on an outer surface of the housing 16 and may have a lens 28a for receiving light. As in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the image sensor 28 can be arranged centrally on a lower side of the housing 16. In this configuration, the image sensor 28 can be considered "chin-mounted" if it extends from an outer edge 29 of the housing 16 (e.g., below the mirror element 14). As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the image sensor 28 can be arranged inside the housing 16 and located at a general central position behind the mirror element 14. Generally, the image sensor 28 can be designed to capture reflected light representative of a biometric feature of the driver 25a and to generate image data corresponding to the one or more captured images. The image sensor 28 can also be designed to capture one or more images of the vehicle interior 24, including images of the front passenger compartments 24a, 24b and / or images of the rear passenger compartment 24c.

[0025] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, each of the light sources 18, 20 can be spaced a second distance D2 from the image source 28. The second distance D2 can correspond to a lateral distance between the image source 28 and each of the light sources 18, 20. More precisely, the second distance D2 can be measured in a horizontal direction extending laterally across the mirror element along a horizontal field component 35a, which is defined with reference to the Fig. This is explained in more detail in sections 4 to 9. By laterally spacing one or both light sources 18, 20 from the image sensor 28, the first and / or second illumination 22, 23 can be designed to be reflected by the eye 26 at an angle that allows the system 10 to perform eye-tracking and identification functions. Although this example shows the light sources 18 and 20 at the same distance from the image sensor 28, the distances can be different, and both light sources 18, 20 can be located on the same side of the image sensor 28.

[0026] The image sensor 28 can be configured to capture images of lower seating areas (e.g., near a seat surface). Thus, the field of view 35 of the image sensor 28 can capture the lower body section 30 of the occupants 25, for example, lap 30a, hands 30b (e.g., the driver's hands 30b on the steering wheel 17), upper body 30c, etc., as shown in the Fig. Figures 6 to 9 are shown. By capturing image data in the field of vision 35, including the lower seating areas, the image transmitter 28 can be designed to recognize, for example, whether a mobile device (e.g., a smartphone) is located on or around the lap of the driver 30a.

[0027] The image sensor 28 can be configured to capture images of occupants over a wide vertical range, e.g., from 1300 mm to 2200 mm, from 1500 mm to 2000 mm, 1600 mm to 1900 mm, etc. The position of the image sensor 28 can also limit the distortion effect along the edges of the lens 28a of the image sensor 28. According to some aspects of the present disclosure, the image sensor 28 is operable to capture a width of the cabin 24. In other words, the width of the field of view 35 of the image sensor 28 can exceed the distance between the front passenger 25b and the driver 25a along the width of the interior 24. By capturing a wide field of view that includes a front section of the interior 24 (e.g. the rear areas of the driver and front passenger seats), the inherent distortion at the edges of the lens 28a may occur beyond the front occupants 25b and the driver 25a (e.g. near the front side doors of the vehicle).This prevents poor image quality of adjacent areas of the occupants 25, such as face, eyes 26a, 26b; upper body 30c and lap 30a of the occupants 25.

[0028] With reference now to Fig. 3. The image sensor 28 can communicate electrically with a printed circuit board (PCB) 31 and with a controller 32. The controller 32 can contain one or more processors designed to process the image data received from the image sensor 28 in order to monitor / identify the driver 25a, the front passenger 25b, and / or the rear passenger. The controller 32 and / or a processor of the image sensor 28 can, in operation, process image data corresponding to an image of the occupant 25 to identify one or more body parts of the occupant 25 using a first algorithm. For example, the controller 32 can execute the first algorithm to identify the lap 30a, hands 30b, torso 30c, shoulders, neck, and / or face of the occupant 25. The first algorithm can be trained and / or programmed with images of different shapes of the individual body parts in different positions.

[0029] Additionally, the controller 32 can be configured to execute a second algorithm that determines the posture of the occupant 25. The controller 32 can be configured to associate the posture with a distraction state of the occupant 25. For example, the controller 32 can execute the second algorithm to classify the downward-curved neck and / or the forward-tilted head of the occupant as a "downward-looking" posture. The controller 32 can associate the "downward-looking" posture with a distraction state of the occupant 25 based on historical data, pre-programming, and / or iterative training. Additionally or alternatively, the controller 32 can execute the second algorithm to classify one or both hands 30b of the occupant 25 in the lap 30a of the occupant 25 in a "hands-off-the-steering" posture.The control unit 32 can be designed to link the hands-off-steering-wheel position with a distraction state of the occupant 25.

[0030] The controller 32 can also be operated to execute a third algorithm designed to track the movement of one or more body parts of the occupant 25. For example, by using one of the first and second algorithms in parallel with the third algorithm, the controller 32 can determine the distraction state based on the finger movement of one or both hands 30b of the occupant 25 by associating the finger movement with the interaction with the mobile device (e.g., typing / texting). The controller 32 can also be operated, via a fourth algorithm, to detect a mobile device based on the light projected or reflected by the mobile device. For example, the controller 32 can execute the fourth algorithm to analyze image data generated based on infrared or visible light in order to identify pixel data within the image data that correspond to a higher luminance.It is generally considered that the controller 32 is capable of combining one or more of the algorithms to detect the deflection state.

[0031] The controller 32 can be operated to detect and / or categorize any number of distraction states based on a predicted level of distraction of the occupant 25. For example, the controller 32 can detect an initial distraction state in response to a combination of factors identified by the controller 32's algorithms or detection routines. For example, the controller 32 can detect an initial distraction state in response to a combination of the occupant 25 looking down and not holding the steering wheel in conjunction with a movement or tapping motion on the mobile device. In such cases, the viewport 35 can provide image data showing the mobile device on the lap 30a or in the lower seat area, as previously described. In some cases, the controller 32 can detect a second distraction state corresponding to the not holding the steering wheel in the first place.The controller 32 can be configured to categorize the first distraction state with a first distraction level and the second distraction state with a second distraction level. In the example above, the controller 32 can determine that the first distraction level is greater than the second distraction level. The controller 32 can then generate a reaction signal based on the distraction level of the occupant 25. This reaction signal can be used to control various functions (e.g., the distraction-level-dependent function) in the interior 24 to alert the occupant 25 to a distraction state.

[0032] In some implementations, the controller 32 may be designed to detect an ocular gleam of occupant 25 and / or an occupant 25 pupil in order to determine focus direction data corresponding to a focus direction of eye 26. The controller 32 may then integrate the focus direction data into one of the first, second, third, or fourth algorithms to determine one or more deflection states. The ocular gleam may be identified as the brightest specular reflection of visible or infrared light from an outer surface of the cornea of ​​occupant 25's eye 26. The ocular gleam may occur at a location on the outer surface of the cornea that overlaps with the iris 26c and may be identified by its contrast with the surrounding image areas.By tracking the focus direction of the occupant 25, the controller 32 can be configured to detect the occupant's gaze direction and, based on this information, alone or in combination with other factors, identify or infer a degree of distraction. The image sensor 28 can be operated by the controller 32 to adjust the exposure time (e.g., shorten the exposure time) when one or both light sources 18, 20 are operated for the detection of ocular glare.

[0033] For example, the controller 32 can integrate eye-tracking functions to determine whether the driver 25a is looking towards the mobile device and / or away from the front of the vehicle. For example, the controller 32 can be operated to receive image data corresponding to an image of the lower body section 30 and to determine a first state corresponding to the presence of the mobile device on or near the lower body section 30. Furthermore, the controller 32 can be operated to determine a second state corresponding to the focus direction of the eye 26 and to determine the degree of distraction corresponding to the occupant 25 when viewing the mobile device, based on the first and second states. The second state can also be detected, or alternatively, in response to the controller 32 determining the presence of the mobile device based on the image data.For example, the control unit 32 can determine that the occupant 25 is looking at the mobile device and / or interacting with it.

[0034] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the controller 32 can communicate with a display 33, which is located within the housing 16 of the internal rearview mirror assembly 12 and is visible through the mirror element 14. The controller 32 can be configured to operate the display 33 for displaying image data received from the image sensor 28. The display 33 can be configured as an LCD, LED, OLED, plasma, DLP, or other type of display. Examples of displays that can be used are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,572,233 entitled “Rearview Mirror With Display”, U.S. Patent No. 8,237,909 entitled “Vehicular Rearview Mirror Assembly Including Integrated Backlighting for a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)”, U.S. Patent No. 8,411,245 entitled “Multi-Display Mirror System and Method for Expanded View Around a Vehicle” and U.S. Patent No. 8,339,526 entitled “Vehicle Rearview Mirror Assembly Including a High Intensity Display”.

[0035] In some implementations, the controller 32 can also be operated to access biometric data and / or driving data associated with the driver 25a. The controller 32 can be configured to communicate an instruction to output the biometric data and / or driving data to the display 33 depending on an operating state or gear status (e.g., park, drive, reverse, etc.) of the vehicle. The controller 32 can communicate with a powertrain control unit to determine the vehicle's operating state. For example, the controller 32 can determine that the vehicle is in park mode and transmit the instruction to the display 33 to show the biometric and / or driving data.The biometric data may include the duration of eye blinks 26a, 26b, pupil dilation, driver posture 25a and / or any other biometric feature that can be used to determine the driver's health status 25a.

[0036] The control unit 32 can also be configured to receive vehicle operating data, such as speed, acceleration, deceleration, braking force, proximity to other vehicles, etc., and to generate driving data based on this vehicle operating data. The vehicle operating data can be communicated to the control unit 32 by the powertrain system control or another in-vehicle control unit that monitors driving operations. The driving metric data can be communicated to the driver 25a via the display 33 in the form of a numerical score (e.g., 8 / 10), a descriptive text (e.g., "Very good"), or the like.

[0037] With continued reference to Fig. 3. The first light source 18 and the second light source 20 can be in electrical communication with the PCB 31 and in communication with the controller 32. The controller 32 can be located on the PCB 31, elsewhere in the housing 16, or elsewhere in the vehicle. The controller 32 can also communicate with various devices integrated into the interior rearview mirror assembly 12 and / or the vehicle's equipment. The controller 32 can have one or more processors designed for selectively activating the first and second light sources 18 and 20. The third light source 19 is located within the interior 24 (e.g., a ceiling light located in the roof of the vehicle, a light located in a side panel of the vehicle, etc.).The third light source 19 can be used to illuminate at least part of the interior space 24, supplementing the light provided by one or both of the first and second light sources 18, 20. The third light source 19 can also be in electrical communication with the controller 32, allowing the controller 32 to operate the third light source 19 based on the amount of light detected in the interior space 24.

[0038] In some cases, the controller 32 can provide visual notifications indicating the operating status of the imaging system 10. These notifications can be transmitted via the display 33 or an indicator 34 designed to output a visual notification indicating the operating status of the imaging system 10. The indicator 34 can be configured as an LED or other light source and can be operated by the controller 32 to blink and / or change color to indicate the operating status of the imaging system 10. In a specific embodiment, the indicator 34 can be configured as an RGB LED that can be operated to indicate the operating status by emitting light in red, green, blue, or any combination thereof.The control unit 32 can be operated to communicate an instruction for controlling the indicator 34 to indicate a warning condition. In this way, the imaging system 10 can be configured to warn a driver 25a when the control unit 32 detects one or more distraction states.

[0039] To accurately identify the characteristics of the occupant 25 (e.g., the occupant's posture, gaze direction, body movements, etc.), the imaging system 10 can adjust its operation according to the vehicle's ambient lighting. For example, the controller 32 can adjust various imaging parameters (e.g., an automatic gain threshold) to determine the characteristics (e.g., wavelength, intensity, etc.) of the first and / or second illumination 22, 23. In embodiments where the interior rearview mirror assembly 12 is designed as an electro-optical rearview mirror assembly 12, the controller 32 can additionally or alternatively utilize feedback mechanisms from a dimming control to determine the characteristics of the first and / or second illumination 22, 23.In these embodiments, the transmittance properties of an electro-optic element in the mirror arrangement 12 can be configured to filter the first or second wavelength according to the first and second illuminations 22, 23. For example, the electro-optic element can be activated to filter out the visible light projected by the first light source 18, while allowing the infrared light generated by the second light source 20 to pass through the electro-optic element, or vice versa. Additionally or alternatively, a first electro-optic element superimposed on the first light source 18 can be electrically isolated from a second electro-optic element superimposed on the second light source 20.In this way, the first electro-optic element can be activated to filter the light projected by the first light source 18, while the light projected by the second light source 20 remains unfiltered through the second electro-optic element.

[0040] In addition to suitable vehicle lighting conditions, the imaging system 10 can be designed to incorporate manual input criteria that can enhance the occupant detection algorithms in the controller 32. For example, the eye color and / or skin color can help the controller 32 determine the characteristics (e.g., intensity, frequency, etc.) of the primary and / or secondary lighting 22, 23. The criteria can be entered via any available user input device in the vehicle or a mobile device that communicates with the controller 32. By using one or more of the aforementioned features, the imaging system 10 can benefit from improved speed and accuracy with respect to biometric acquisition and / or user authentication.

[0041] In order to operate the first light source 18 independently of the second light source 20, the current signals supplied to the first light source 18 can have different properties than the current signals supplied to the second light source 20. For example, with further reference to Fig. 3, a single power supply 38 is used in electrical connection with the first and second light sources 18, 20. The circuit 39 can intercept one or both of the first and second light sources 18, 20 to reduce the voltage or otherwise modify the electrical characteristics of a signal supplied to one or both of the first and second light sources 18, 20. For example, a first circuit 39a can provide high-voltage pulses (or high-current pulses) to the light source connected to the eye gleam and / or face detection, and a second circuit 39b can provide a continuous power supply to the light source connected to the interior monitoring. As shown, the controller 32 can be electrically connected to the circuit 39 to control the first and second circuits 39a, 39b.Alternatively, two individual power supplies can be provided, with a first power supply connected to the first light source 18 and a second power supply connected to the second light source 20.

[0042] With reference to the following: Fig. 4 to 8, the controller 32 can operate the imager 28 with a field of view 35 that captures both the driver's face 25a and the interior 24 more broadly. In this way, events occurring in the interior 24 can be tracked simultaneously with facial features, which can enable the imaging system 10 to better determine whether the driver 25a is distracted and to identify the cause of the distraction. The field of view 35 can enable the imager 28 to capture images of identifying features of the occupants in the interior 25. The field of view 35 can extend across the entire width of the vehicle (e.g., from the driver's door to the passenger door). The field of view 35 can enable the imager 28 to capture image data corresponding to images of devices / body parts of the occupants (e.g., arms and legs, clothing, and wearable or non-wearable devices).The field of view 35 can enable the image sensor 28 to capture images of vehicle features (e.g., vehicle seats, a center console, the steering wheel 17, a dashboard, seat belts, side windows of the vehicle, a rear window of the vehicle, etc.). The field of view 35 can also enable the image sensor 28 to capture images of objects outside the vehicle (e.g., objects visible through the side and rear windows).

[0043] The field of view 35 can have a horizontal field component 35a in the range of approximately 120° to 160° and a similar or different vertical field component 35b. The horizontal field component 35a can be in the range of approximately 135° to 150°. The horizontal and vertical field components 35a, 35b can approximate a width and height of the field of view 35 for a specific depth (e.g., a distance from the image sensor 28 in a direction perpendicular to the center of the lens 28a). At a depth of approximately 500 mm, for example, the field of view 35 can encompass the width and height of the interior space 24. The depth to which the field of view 35 encompasses the width and / or height of the interior space 24 can be less than 500 mm (e.g. 300 mm) or greater than 500 mm (e.g. 600 mm).In other words, the angle of the horizontal field component 35a can enable the image sensor 28 to capture the entire width of the interior 24 at the first distance D1 from the image sensor 28 (e.g., a field of view depth 35 of approximately 500 mm). For use as a driver monitoring system (DMS) only, the field of view 35 can be a narrower area spanning approximately 60 degrees.

[0044] The field of view 35 can generally have an arcuate (e.g., elliptical) shape or an angular (e.g., rectangular) shape. The area of ​​the field of view 35 can depend on the optical properties of the lens 28a of the image sensor 28. In other words, the size and quality of the lens 28a can determine the extent of the field of view 35. For example, a field of view 35 with a horizontal field component 35a of 120° and a vertical field component 35b of 120° can have a regular polygonal or circular shape. If the field of view 35 has a horizontal field component 35a of 120° and a vertical field component 35b of 90°, then the field of view 35 can have an irregular polygonal or elliptical shape.

[0045] With particular reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. The field of view 35 can comprise a first section 36 and a second section 37. The first and second sections 36, 37 can provide image data that focus on different areas of interest within the interior 24. In this way, areas of interest that are representative of the occupant's level of distraction 25 can be better captured (e.g., higher level of detail and / or resolution in certain areas of the field of view 35). The field of view sections 36, 37 can have different sizes and / or shapes and may or may not overlap. The second section 37 can be larger than the first section 36 and operable to encompass the width and / or height of the interior 24, and the first section 36 can be operable to encompass an area corresponding to the driver's face 25a.Alternatively, the first section 36 and the second section 37 can each comprise a focus area corresponding to the face of the driver 25a.

[0046] The first section 36 comprises a first horizontal field component 36a and a first vertical field component (unnumbered). The second section 37 comprises a second horizontal field component 37a and a second vertical field component (unnumbered). The shape of the first section 36, as defined by its field components (e.g., the first horizontal field component 36a and the first vertical field component), may be proportional or inversely proportional to the second section 37, as defined by its field components (e.g., the second horizontal field component 37a and the second vertical field component).

[0047] With continued reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the first section 36 can be directed towards a focus area corresponding to an illuminated area enclosed by a first illumination area Θ1 of the first illumination 22. The first light source 18 can be operated to direct the first illumination 22 towards an area corresponding to the face of the driver 25a in order to illuminate the face of the driver 25a. The first light source 18 can be operated to generate high-intensity light within the first illumination area Θ1 of, for example, approximately 20° (e.g., horizontally and / or vertically) in order to illuminate the face of the driver 25a. The remaining area of ​​the first illumination 22 can be distributed over an area around the face, for example, the lower body section 30. The potential distribution of the first illumination 22 will be described later with particular reference to Fig. Described in sections 6 to 9.

[0048] The second section 37 can be directed toward the same area as the second section 36 or can optionally be directed toward a focus area corresponding to an illuminated area enclosed by a second illumination area Θ2 of the second illumination 23. The second light source 20 can be operated to direct the second illumination 23 toward an area corresponding to the interior 24 of the vehicle in order to illuminate the driver and passenger compartments 24a, 24b, 24c of the vehicle. The second light source 20 can be designed to generate high-intensity light within the second illumination area Θ2 of, for example, approximately 120° (e.g., horizontally and / or vertically) in order to illuminate the interior 24 of the vehicle. The remaining area of ​​the second illumination 23 can be distributed to peripheral areas (e.g., walls, side windows, etc.) of the vehicle. The potential distribution of the second illumination 23 will be described later with particular reference to Fig. Described in sections 6 to 9.

[0049] With reference to the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 The field of view 35 of the image sensor 28 can be in a range of approximately 120° to 160°. In particular, the field of view 35 can be in the range of approximately 140° to 160° to capture undistorted image data of external sections (e.g., side doors) of the interior 24, which are normally distorted (e.g., curved or bulged) due to optical aberration. A wide field of view (e.g., in the range of approximately 120° to 160°) can enable the detection of occupants 25, drowsiness of the occupants 25, distraction of the occupants 25, a source of distraction, etc. Furthermore, the field of view 35 can enable the capture of images of the leg area of ​​the occupants. For example, the vertical field component 35b can be configured to capture the lower body section 30 of the occupant 25. Referring to the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 The imaging system 10 can, in particular, use a mounting angle β for capturing images of different areas of the interior 24. The mounting angle β of the mirror assembly 12 can be manually adjusted to obtain an image of the driver's eyes 26.

[0050] The first section 36 of the field of view 35 can be used for identification and / or authentication functions. For example, the controller 32 can operate the imager 28 with the first section 36 to enable image capture of an iris 26c of one or both eyes 26 of the driver 25a. The controller 32 can process the image data generated by the imager 28 during operation with the field of view 35 to identify the driver 25a. According to some aspects of the disclosure, the horizontal field component 36a can be approximately 20°, and the first vertical field component (unnumbered) can be similar or different. As previously described in Fig. As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the image data generated by the image sensor 28 can be displayed on the display 33. Using the display 33 as a reference, the driver 25a can adjust the position of the interior rearview mirror assembly 12 (e.g., the mounting angle β) so that the image appearing on the display 33 is properly trained to the required biometric feature (e.g., the iris 26c) necessary for identifying the driver 25a. Driver identification can be used, in addition to vehicle security features, for authorizing financial transactions.

[0051] For example, changing gears or starting the vehicle's engine can be prevented based on the determination that the occupant 25 is not an authorized driver 25a of the vehicle. The controller 32 can determine whether the driver 25a is authorized by processing the image data for driver identification according to biometric features. To capture the occupant 25's biometric features, the controller 32 can employ a second identification function or a driver monitoring function with facial recognition, which can activate the second light source 20 without additional illumination to project the second illumination 23 onto the driver 25a. As discussed herein, the second illumination 23 can be an infrared illumination with a wavelength of approximately 940 nm.In some embodiments, when only the second light source 20 is activated, the control unit 32 can also operate the image sensor 28 with the second section 37 to enable image capture of the face and / or body of the driver 25a.

[0052] The controller 32 can process image data generated by the image sensor 28 during operation with the second section 37 to monitor the driver 25a. The second section 37 can have a wide field of view. The second horizontal field component 37a can be approximately 60°, and the second vertical field component (unnumbered) can be similar or different. As described herein, the image data generated by the image sensor 28 can be displayed on the display 33, and the driver 25a can adjust the position of the interior rearview mirror assembly 12 so that the image appearing on the display 33 is properly trained to recognize the biometric feature (e.g., face and / or body) required for monitoring the driver 25a. Driver monitoring can include monitoring for drowsiness, inattention, and other driver conditions.Additionally, the image sensor 28 can be configured to capture image data in the second section 37 in order to provide occupancy detection (e.g. passenger occupancy) or the detection of various objects in the interior 24 of the vehicle.

[0053] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 6 to 9, the system can project light into two or more separate or overlapping sections of the interior 24 to illuminate the first and second sections 36, 37 of the field of view 35. In this way, images of the face and body of the driver 25a, the front passenger 25b, and / or the rear passengers can be captured. For example, both the first and second light sources 18, 20 can be operated to illuminate the driver 25a, as shown in Fig. 8 shown. Alternatively, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the first light source 18 can be operated to illuminate the driver 25a, and the second light source 20 can be operated to illuminate the passenger compartments 24a, 24b, 24c. The first and second light sources 18, 20 can each use the first and second illumination areas Θ1 and Θ2, respectively, to illuminate specific areas of interest detected in the field of view 35. The first and second illumination areas Θ1, Θ2 can each be part of a larger illumination area produced by the light sources 18, 20.

[0054] According to the aspects of the present disclosure, the first illumination area Θ1 and the second illumination area Θ2 can each be formed by means of a collimating lens connected to each light source 18, 20 and designed to generate a focused light pattern. For example, the intensity of the light emitted by the light sources 18, 20 can vary across the distribution of a light beam pattern (e.g., higher central intensity, gradient distribution, etc.). In this way, a certain percentage of the light energy generated by the light sources 18, 20 can be emitted or controlled for projection over a specific illumination area and corresponding sections of the interior 24 of the vehicle.For example, the distribution of light from light sources 18, 20 can follow the pattern of a full width at half maximum (FWHM) distribution, where half of the light produced by light source 18, 20 lies within a certain area and the other half may be distributed in a remaining area, with the total width usually being approximately 120°.

[0055] With continued reference to the Fig. 6 to 9, the first illumination area Θ1 and the second illumination area Θ2 can comprise specific sections of the field of view 35 to enable the image sensor 28 to acquire image data that is used for the recognition software. Similar to the corresponding field of view 35, the second illumination area Θ2 can be larger than the first illumination area Θ1. For example, the second light source 20 can use a more powerful infrared emitter array 27 or a light source with a lens or diffuser that emits light in a different distribution pattern. The first and second illumination areas Θ1, Θ2 can correspond to the specific functions for which the first and second light sources 18, 20 are respectively used.For example, the first light source 18 can be used to support facial recognition recording and the second light source 20 can be used to support recording activities in the interior 24 in general, including monitoring passengers 25a, 25b.

[0056] Referring to Fig. 8, the second illumination area Θ2 can overlap the first illumination area Θ1. For example, the first and second light sources 18, 20 may have similar lens characteristics and orientations. In such cases, the controller 32 can alternatively activate the first and second light sources 18, 20 to switch them on and off sequentially in order to detect the movement and / or direction of the eyes 26. In accordance with the illumination sequence, the image sensor 28 can acquire a first image while the first light source 18 is on and the second light source 20 is off. A second image can be acquired while the first light source 18 is off and the second light source 20 is on. The first and second images can then be compared to determine the focus direction of the eye 26.In this way, the ocular gleam and / or pupil of occupant 25 can be tracked if spectacles cover the eye 26 of occupant 25.

[0057] The imaging system 10 can utilize certain illumination techniques that allow the controller 32 to detect the ocular glare when the occupant 25 is wearing wearable spectacles. If a lens, such as a focusing lens of wearable spectacles, is positioned between one or both light sources 18, 20 and the eyes 26, a glare spot may form on the wearable spectacles. The glare spot may prevent the imager 28 from acquiring a view of the pupil. However, some light may pass through the lens and be reflected by the eyes 26 to form an ocular glare. Due to the simultaneous presence of the glare spot and the ocular glare, detecting the pupil and / or determining which reflection (e.g., either the glare spot or the ocular glare) is the ocular glare can be challenging.Alternating light pulses from the light sources 18, 20 can cause the light reflected by the lenses of the wearable spectacles to produce different glare spots. A comparison of these glare spots can allow the pupil to be detected and / or identified, thus indicating the focal direction of the eye 26.

[0058] With reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9. The first light source 18 can be configured to project a first light ray 40 onto a target surface corresponding to the first eye 26a of the occupant 25. The first light source 18 can also be configured to project a second light ray 41 onto a target surface corresponding to the second eye 26b of the occupant 25. The first light ray 40 can have a first light path 42 with a first projection component and a first reflection component (e.g., leg). The second light ray 41 can have a second light path 48 with a second projection component and a second reflection component (e.g., leg).The first light ray 40 can be projected from the first light source 18 along the first projection component and reflected by the driver's left eye 26a along the first reflection component in the direction of the image transmitter 28, and the second light ray 41 can be projected from the first light source 18 along the second projection component and reflected by the driver's right eye 26b along the second reflection component in the direction of the image transmitter 28.

[0059] Due to the distance between the first light source 18 and the image sensor 28, the first light ray 40 can form a first angle of incidence δ1 between the first projection component and the first reflection component. The second light ray 41 can form a second angle of incidence δ2 between the second projection component and the second reflection component. The first and second projection / reflection components can be referred to here as the legs of the respective angles of incidence δ1 and δ2. Each angle of incidence δ1 and δ2 can be in the range of approximately 5° to 15°, and in particular in the range of approximately 8° to 15° at a working distance of approximately 500 mm. The working distance can be in the range of 300 mm to 700 mm. For example, an occupant 25 with a height of 1.9 meters may be reclined and / or be at a distance (e.g. 650 mm) that is greater than the working distance (e.g.400 mm) of an occupant 25 with a height of 1.5 meters. The second distance D2 can be in the range of approximately 90 mm to 150 mm. The first distance D1 and the second distance D2 can be operated to define the angle of incidence in the range of approximately 5° to 15°. It is generally considered that the first and the second projection components can lie within the first illumination area Θ1 and are formed by the special lens properties in conjunction with the first light source 18.

[0060] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the second light source 20 can be configured to project a third light beam 54 onto a target surface corresponding to the first eye 26a of the occupant 25. The second light source 20 can also be configured to project a fourth light beam 56 onto a target surface corresponding to the second eye 26b of the occupant 25. The third light beam 54 can have a third light path 58 with a third projection component and a third reflection component. The fourth light beam 56 can have a fourth light path 64 with a fourth projection component and a fourth reflection component. The third light beam 54 can be projected from the second light source 20 along the third projection component and reflected by the driver's left eye 26a towards the image transmitter 28 along the third reflection component.The fourth light beam 56 can be projected from the second light source 20 along the fourth projection component and reflected by the driver's right eye 26b towards the image transmitter 28 along the fourth reflection component.

[0061] As previously discussed, the third light source 19 can be activated to provide additional light to the interior space 24 and to allow the first and / or second light sources 22, 23 to dynamically adjust the illumination areas Θ1, Θ2 based on the additional light. Additional auxiliary light sources 19 can be identified in the interior space 24 by processing an image of the interior space 24, and the controller 32 can operate the light sources 18, 20 to reduce the illumination areas Θ1, Θ2 due to the additional light projected by these auxiliary light sources 19. In other words, by providing auxiliary light sources 19 in the interior space 24, the first and second light sources 18, 20 can operate with a narrower and more precise intensity range.

[0062] Due to the distance between the second light source 20 and the image sensor 28, the third light ray 54 can form a third angle of incidence δ3 between the third projection component and the third reflection component. The fourth light ray 56 can form a fourth angle of incidence δ4 between the fourth projection component and the fourth reflection component. The third and fourth projection / reflection components can be referred to here as the legs of the respective angles of incidence δ3 and δ4. Each angle of incidence δ3 and δ4 can be in the range of approximately 5° to 15°, and in particular in the range of approximately 8° to 15° at a working distance of approximately 500 mm. In other words, the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 can be used to define the angles of incidence δ3 and δ4 in the range of approximately 5° to 15°.It is generally considered that the third and fourth projection components may lie within the second illumination area Θ2 and are formed by the special lens properties in conjunction with the second light source 20.

[0063] Referring to Fig.9. The second light source 20 can have different lens properties and / or an orientation different from that of the first light source 18. In this way, the second illumination area Θ2 can cover a wider area of ​​the interior 24 and / or a different area of ​​the interior 24 than the area for which the first light source 18 is designed. For example, the second illumination area Θ2 can be designed to illuminate at least the front passenger compartment 24b and the rear passenger compartment 24c of the interior 24. In this way, the second light source 20 can be operated to allow the image sensor 28 to acquire image data regarding passenger status, drowsiness of the occupants 25, etc., and the first light source 18 can be operated to allow the image sensor 28 to acquire biometric data of the driver 25a.It is generally considered that the second light source 20 may be designed to emit light with a higher intensity than the first light source 18, either additionally or alternatively.

[0064] Since the first light source 18 and the second light source 20 can each be spaced apart from the image sensor 28, the imaging system 10 can be operated to distribute individual thermal energy loads within the housing 16. Furthermore, the independent control of each light source 18, 20 allows the imaging system 10 to prioritize the operation of the first and second light sources 18, 20. For example, if the controller 32 detects an overheating condition of the housing 16 or another component of the imaging system 10, the controller 32 can be operated to disable the second light source 20 and operate only the first light source 18, or vice versa. The controller 32 can be pre-programmed to determine the priority of the first and second light sources 18, 20 in different scenarios, or it can be programmed to update a priority memory based on repeated use (e.g., iterative training).According to some aspects of the present disclosure, the controller 32 can be operated for receiving thermal data corresponding to the thermal energy of the mirror arrangement 12 and for controlling the first and second light sources 18, 20 based on the thermal data. For example, the controller 32 can be operated for deactivating the second light source 20 based on the thermal data of the mirror arrangement 12.

[0065] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the imaging system 10 can be designed for selective operation between a left-hand drive mode and a right-hand drive mode. In other words, the imaging system 10 can be considered "universal" in operation. For example, the first light source 18 and the second light source 20 can have identical lens characteristics (e.g., the same orientation, the same light output power, the same pattern, etc.), with the first light source 18 located on the first side 21a of the mirror assembly 12 and the second light source 20 located on the second side 21b of the mirror assembly 12, opposite the first side 21a. In this way, a mirror assembly 12 manufactured according to this aspect can be integrated into vehicles with a left-hand drive position and vehicles with a right-hand drive position without any change in function.

[0066] Since the image sensor 28 can, for example, be designed to capture images of the interior 24, including the steering wheel 17, the controller 32 can be designed to determine the position of the steering wheel 17 and to determine the vehicle configuration (e.g., left- or right-hand drive) based on the position of the steering wheel 17. This example is not to be understood as a limitation, since the controller 32 can additionally or alternatively be designed to determine the vehicle configuration based on the identification of the occupants 25 in the interior 24 or other vehicle features. Once the vehicle configuration has been determined, the control of the first and second light sources 18, 20 can be optimized.For example, the control unit 32 can be configured to prioritize the use of the light source assigned to the driver 25a over the use of the light source assigned to the front or rear passenger compartment 24b, 24c of the cabin 24 when the mirror arrangement 12 reaches a thermal threshold. Continuing this example, the control unit 32 can be configured to deactivate either the first light source 18 or the second light source 20, depending on the vehicle configuration.

[0067] According to one aspect of the invention, a rearview arrangement is provided comprising a reflective element; an infrared light source arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element to illuminate a field of view with infrared light, the field of view comprising at least a part of a vehicle interior; and an optical element arranged behind the reflective element and configured to direct infrared light from the infrared light source onto the field of view.Optical element comprising: a shaped section consisting of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, the shaped section having a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged and configured on the rear surface of the shaped section to substantially reflect infrared light emitted by the illumination source which is transmitted through the shaped section in the direction of the field of view.

[0068] Depending on various aspects, the disclosure may implement one or more of the following features or one or more of the following configurations in various combinations: - wherein the shaped section can have a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light; - wherein the shaped section has a recessed bowl formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which the infrared light source is positioned; - wherein the recessed shell has a flat surface above the opening that is blunted to prevent infrared light from being directed onto the vehicle's roof lining; - wherein the infrared lighting source has a plurality of LEDs; - wherein the shaped section has a plurality of recessed shells, each formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned; - wherein each of the plurality of recessed bowls is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto the vehicle's roof lining; - wherein the front and rear surfaces of the shaped section have different shapes, selected to provide uniform illumination across the entire field of view, taking into account the angles of refraction and reflection caused by the shaped section; and - furthermore comprising at least one image sensor configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view includes at least a part of a vehicle interior, wherein the field of view of the image sensor corresponds to the field of view of the illumination by the infrared illumination source.

[0069] According to a further aspect of the invention, an imaging system for a vehicle is provided, comprising a reflective element configured to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; at least one image sensor in conjunction with the rearward view arrangement, configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view comprises at least a portion of a vehicle interior; an infrared illumination source arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element in order to illuminate at least a portion of the field of view of the image sensor with infrared light;and an optical element arranged and configured behind the reflecting element to direct infrared light from the infrared illumination source onto the field of view. Optical element comprising: a shaped section made of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, the shaped section having a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged and configured on the second surface of the shaped section to substantially reflect infrared light emitted from the illumination source that passes through the shaped section in the direction of the field of view.

[0070] Depending on various aspects, the disclosure may implement one or more of the following features or one or more of the following configurations in various combinations: - wherein the shaped section can have a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light; - wherein the shaped section has a recessed bowl formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which the infrared light source is positioned; - wherein the recessed shell has a flat surface above the opening that is blunted to prevent infrared light from being directed onto the vehicle's roof lining; - wherein the infrared lighting source has a plurality of LEDs; - wherein the shaped section has a plurality of recessed shells, each formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned; - wherein each of the plurality of recessed bowls is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto the vehicle's roof lining; and - wherein the front and rear surfaces of the shaped section have different shapes which are selected to provide uniform illumination over the entire field of view, taking into account the angles of refraction and reflection caused by the shaped section.

[0071] According to a further aspect of the invention, a rearview camera arrangement for a vehicle is provided, comprising: a reflective element configured to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; at least one image sensor in conjunction with the rearview camera arrangement, configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view comprises at least a part of a vehicle interior; a plurality of infrared LEDs arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element in order to illuminate at least a part of the field of view of the image sensor with infrared light;and an optical element arranged and configured behind the reflecting element to direct infrared light from the infrared LEDs onto the field of view. Optical element comprising: a shaped section made of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, the shaped section having a front surface and a rear surface, and a plurality of recessed cups, each with an opening through the rear surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned; and a reflector arranged and configured on the rear surface of the shaped section to reflect substantially infrared light emitted by the light source passing through the shaped section, the reflector reflecting the infrared light toward the field of view of the image sensor.

[0072] Depending on various aspects, the disclosure may implement one or more of the following features or one or more of the following configurations in various combinations: - wherein the shaped section can have a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light; and - wherein each of the plurality of recessed bowls has a flat surface above the opening that is blunted to prevent infrared light from being directed onto the vehicle's roof lining.

[0073] It is understood that the described processes or steps within described processes can be combined with other disclosed processes or steps to form structures that fall within the scope of the present device. The exemplary structures and processes disclosed herein serve illustrative purposes and are not to be interpreted as limiting.

[0074] It is also understood that variations and modifications of the aforementioned structures and methods may be made without deviating from the concepts of the present device, and it is further understood that such concepts shall be covered by the following claims, unless the wording of these claims expressly provides otherwise.

[0075] The foregoing description is to be regarded as representing only the illustrated embodiments. Modifications to the device will be apparent to those skilled in the art and to those who manufacture or use it. Therefore, it is understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings and described above serve only illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the device as defined by the following claims, as interpreted in accordance with the principles of patent law, including the doctrine of equivalence. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] US 18 / 109,395

[0023] US 6,572,233

[0034] US 8,237,909

[0034] US 8,411,245

[0034] US 8,339,526

[0034]

Claims

[1] Rearview arrangement for a vehicle, the rearview arrangement comprising: a reflective element designed to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; an infrared lighting source arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element to illuminate a field of view with infrared light, wherein the field of view comprises at least part of a vehicle interior; and an optical element arranged behind the reflective element and designed to direct infrared light from the infrared illumination source onto the field of view, comprising the optical element: a shaped section consisting of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, wherein the shaped section has a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged on the rear surface of the shaped section and designed to substantially reflect infrared light emitted by the illumination source that passes through the shaped section in the direction of the field of view. [2] Rearview arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the shaped section has a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light. [3] Rear view arrangement according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the shaped section has a recessed shell which is formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which the infrared light source is positioned. [4] Rearview arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the recessed tray is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto a roof lining of the vehicle. [5] A rearview arrangement according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the infrared illumination source comprises a plurality of LEDs. [6] Rear view arrangement according to claim 5, wherein the shaped section has a plurality of recessed shells, each having an opening through the rear surface in the front surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned. [7] Rearview arrangement according to claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of recessed bowls is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto a roof lining of the vehicle. [8] Rearview arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the front and rear surfaces of the shaped section have different shapes selected to provide uniform illumination over the entire field of view, taking into account the angles of refraction and reflection caused by the shaped section. [9] A rearview arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising at least one image sensor configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view comprises at least a part of a vehicle interior, wherein the field of view of the image sensor corresponds to the field of view of the illumination by the infrared illumination source. [10] Imaging system for a vehicle, comprising: a reflective element designed to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; at least one image sensor in conjunction with the rearview arrangement, which is configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view includes at least a part of a vehicle interior; an infrared illumination source arranged behind the reflecting element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflecting element to illuminate at least part of the imager's field of view with infrared light; and an optical element arranged behind the reflective element and designed to direct infrared light from the infrared illumination source onto the field of view, comprising the optical element: a shaped section consisting of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, wherein the shaped section has a front surface and a rear surface; and a reflector arranged on the rear surface of the shaped section and configured to substantially reflect infrared light emitted by the illumination source passing through the shaped section, the reflector reflecting the infrared light in the direction of the image sensor's field of view. [11] Imaging system according to claim 10, wherein the shaped section has a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light. [12] Imaging system according to one of claims 10 and 11, wherein the shaped section has a recessed shell which is formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which the infrared illumination source is positioned. [13] Imaging system according to claim 12, wherein the recessed tray is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto a roof lining of the vehicle. [14] Imaging system according to one of claims 10 and 11, wherein the infrared illumination source comprises a plurality of LEDs. [15] Imaging system according to claim 14, wherein the shaped section has a plurality of recessed shells, each of which has an opening through the rear surface in the front surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned. [16] Imaging system according to claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of recessed bowls is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto a roof lining of the vehicle. [17] Imaging system according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the front and rear surfaces of the shaped section have different shapes selected to provide uniform illumination over the entire field of view, taking into account the angles of refraction and reflection caused by the shaped section. [18] Rearview arrangement for a vehicle, comprising the rearview arrangement: a reflective element designed to provide a driver of the vehicle with a rearward view in relation to the vehicle, wherein the reflective element is substantially transparent in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; at least one image sensor in conjunction with the rearview arrangement, which is configured to capture an image within a field of view of the image sensor, wherein the field of view includes at least a part of a vehicle interior; a plurality of infrared LEDs arranged behind the reflective element and configured to emit infrared light through the reflective element in order to illuminate at least part of the image sensor's field of view with infrared light; and an optical element arranged behind the reflective element and designed to direct infrared light from the infrared LEDs onto the field of view, comprising the optical element: a shaped section consisting of a visibly opaque material that is substantially transparent to infrared light, wherein the shaped section has a front surface and a rear surface and a plurality of recessed shells, each formed in the front surface with an opening through the rear surface in which a corresponding plurality of LEDs is positioned; and a reflector arranged on the rear surface of the shaped section and configured to substantially reflect infrared light emitted by the illumination source passing through the shaped section, the reflector reflecting the infrared light in the direction of the image sensor's field of view. [19] Rearview arrangement according to claim 18, wherein the shaped section has a transmittance of at least 80% for infrared light and a transmittance of 5% or less for visible light. [20] A rearview arrangement according to one of claims 18 and 19, wherein each of the plurality of recessed shells is blunted with a flat surface above the opening to prevent infrared light from being directed onto a roof lining of the vehicle.

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