PIPE CONNECTION

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a pipe connection, wherein the pipe connection is formed from at least two pipe parts. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the pipe connection, in particular in an aircraft. State of the art

[0002] DE 42 31 084 A1 relates to a pipe connection. To improve handling, reduce the overall volume while maintaining sufficient sealing, and increase operational reliability, a screwable pipe connection is proposed. This comprises molded parts arranged at the ends of the pipes to be connected, which are screwed together via a socket. The adjacent end faces of the molded parts are characterized by a positive-locking profile that prevents rotation, so that one molded part carries a profile and the other a complementary counter-profile.The threaded sections of the fitting and the other fitting intended for screwing are each designed as a left-hand or right-hand thread, so that, in conjunction with corresponding threaded sections of the sleeve, a rotational movement of the sleeve results in a corresponding, opposing axial displacement movement of the fittings. The end faces of the fittings are each provided with a ring-shaped recess, whereby both recesses complement each other when assembled to form a recess that accommodates a flat sealing ring. The flat sealing ring is thus located between two axially oriented sealing surfaces.

[0003] EP 3 066 375 B1 relates to a device for coaxially connecting two pipelines and an arrangement for releasing them. A screw flange for the inlet of the pipelines has an external thread. A pressure flange for the other pipeline comprises a pressure surface for a nut. Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided, which is arranged in a recess between the opposite end faces of the screw flange on the one hand and the pressure flange on the other. A nut has an internal thread and is pushed onto the pressure flange and can be screwed onto the screw flange. The inner diameter of the sealing ring is larger than or at least equal to the inner diameter of the pipelines, wherein the difference between the inner diameters of the pipelines is compensated for via a conical region of the pressure flange and a conical region of the screw flange.The sealing ring comprises radially outward-pointing, spread legs in the form of a V-profile around its entire outer circumference.

[0004] EP 2 817 549 B1 relates to a component connector for connecting cylindrical components. The component connector serves to connect two pipelines that represent the cylindrical components. The component connector further comprises a fixing sleeve configured in the form of a hollow cylinder. The fixing sleeve, in turn, comprises axially formed slots that are distributed circumferentially along the end faces of the fixing sleeve. These axial slots allow the radial deformability of the fixing sleeve during the assembly process.

[0005] DE 197 00 481 A1 relates to a pipe coupling for conveying liquid media. A pipe coupling is disclosed that serves to convey liquid media, in particular water, dirty water, or other high-pressure media that may contain dirt particles. Designed as a bayonet coupling, the pipe coupling has a coupling pin with retaining claws that engage under associated, radially inwardly projecting flange inserts in a coupling sleeve. The coupling pin can be locked in the coupling sleeve by an associated securing device.

[0006] GB 2 097 880 A, DE 30 05 790 A1 and GB 1 004 702 A relate to a pipe connection, wherein the pipe connection is formed from at least two pipe parts, and at least one seal is included between the pipe parts, wherein the seal and the pipe parts are surrounded by a clamping device.

[0007] When connecting pipes with fittings, additional precautions are still required today, in the form of support devices and guide devices. These prevent the pipes to be connected from twisting relative to each other during use and specify a defined position for the twisting of the connected pipe parts relative to each other during installation. Furthermore, when designing pipe connections, care must be taken to ensure that the pipe parts to be connected are always paired with complementary geometries and that the individual parts that are joined together at the pipe connection are not confused. Description of the invention

[0008] According to the invention, a pipe connection is proposed with a first pipe part and a second pipe part, with at least one multi-part sealing ring or at least one single-part sealing ring, each enclosed by a clamping device. The pipe parts each comprise a first vertically or obliquely extending end face and a second vertically or obliquely extending end face, which is overlapped by the clamping device, which applies an outwardly acting radial force to the at least one single-part sealing ring or the at least one multi-part sealing ring, which are secured in their respective sealing position either by an enclosing geometric triangle or by an enclosing geometric quadrilateral.

[0009] In a further development of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, the one-piece sealing ring or the multi-piece sealing ring is provided with a wedge-shaped cross-section, a rectangular cross-section, a circular cross-section or an oval cross-section.

[0010] Gaskets with a wedge-shaped cross-section for inclined sealing surfaces with angles above a self-locking point have one or more interruptions around their circumference. Therefore, when subjected to axial pressure, they deflect radially outwards across the inclined sealing surfaces, thereby increasing their circumference. This is limited by the clamping device. Therefore, with inclined sealing surfaces that form a cone all around, a mandatory radial contact is created between the gasket, fitting, and clamping ring under axial clamping force due to the bevels of the clamping ring and gasket, which always run in opposite directions with respect to their angles in relation to the respective contact surfaces of the fittings. Tightness at the separation points of the sealing points is achieved through a special form of overlap that allows for free circumferential variation.The free circumferential variation of the seal ensures the geometric axial alignment of the pipe components during assembly of the pipe connection, whereby the flanges are always sealed flush with each other. A double wedge shape of clamping ring and sealing element results in higher sealing pressures and better sealing compared to seals using a single wedge shape of clamping rings with a flat seal. If a material with sufficient elasticity is used for the wedge-shaped seal cross-section, the necessary circumferential enlargement for the described function is also possible with a seal design without circumferential interruption, solely through its elastic circumferential extension.

[0011] In the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, the one-piece sealing ring or the multi-piece sealing ring can advantageously be made of PTFE, plastic material with or without fiber reinforcement, rubber, plastic material with portions of metallic material, metal-reinforced rubber seals or as a purely metallic seal.

[0012] To enhance the positive properties of wedge-shaped seals, a wedge-shaped seal without interruption, but with a circumferential reinforcement in the form of a metal or fiber insert that counteracts expansion, offers angular compensation. This allows pipe connections to be secured whose fittings are not aligned flush with one another and can be connected to one another in a stress-free seal using the solution proposed in the invention. To achieve this, the outer circumference of the seal should be smaller than the inner circumference of the installed clamping ring. The seal must not rest on the clamping ring, which is why the reinforcement absorbs the tensile force generated by axial compression tangentially to the circumference.The radial position of the seal and the clamping device relative to each other is circumferentially oriented in opposite directions during angle compensation, so that on the side of the pipe connection with a larger distance between the sealing surfaces, the seal moves inward toward the pipe axis, while the clamping device moves radially outward away from the pipe axis at this point. On the radially opposite side, with a correspondingly smaller distance between the sealing surfaces, the sealing ring slides radially outward from the pipe axis, while the clamping device moves inward toward the pipe axis at this point.If pipes or pipe sections that are not completely aligned are connected in this way, an axial angular deviation between the pipe sections to be connected is compensated for with a complete seal through uniform contact of the inclined sealing surfaces with radially opposing displacement of the seal and the clamping ring relative to each other, thus preventing excessive mechanical stress in the pipe system and the seal during assembly. The stress-free angular compensation is limited by the radial contact of the seal outwards to the clamping ring and inwards to the guide elements of the fittings, which ensure rotational fixation or rotational positioning of the individual pipe sections relative to one another.

[0013] In a further embodiment of the solution proposed according to the invention, the pipe connection comprises a one-piece sealing ring or a multi-piece sealing ring, which is designed as a metal ring with a wedge-shaped cross-section with spherical sealing surfaces or as a flat gasket with a rectangular cross-section. The flat gasket has a flat, uninterrupted rectangular cross-section and is only suitable for sealing surfaces oriented vertically to one another. It is simpler and more cost-effective to manufacture than gaskets with a wedge-shaped cross-section. It seals without interruption with aligned pipe sections, with a defined deformation of the cross-section, until the axial stops of both fittings abut the opposite side for rotational fixation via the contraction of the clamping device and the pipe sections are aligned with one another.Therefore, a wedge angle of 0° is ideal for this design, especially with permanently elastic sealing materials such as plastic or rubber. Circular or oval cross-sections can also be used. Their linear contact surfaces and the resulting easier deformability of the sealing cross-section through axial compression during assembly allow for even better sealing, especially with roughened sealing surfaces. These types of seals are particularly suitable for pipe connections subject to less stress and less prestress.

[0014] In the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, a wedge angle is implemented when a wedge-shaped cross section is formed on the one-piece sealing ring or on the multi-piece sealing ring, so that a first sealing surface and a second sealing surface are present on the one-piece sealing ring or the multi-piece sealing ring, which run obliquely according to the wedge angle.

[0015] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the wedge-shaped cross-section, the wedge angle is between 5° and 30°, particularly preferably between 10° and 15°. The wedge angle should be in a range above the self-locking value, based on the friction coefficient of the material pairing between the seal surface and the sealing face. If the friction coefficient is below the self-locking value, the seal cannot slide outward under axial pressure from the contraction of the inclined sealing surfaces of the flanges due to the contraction of the clamping ring until it radially contacts the clamping ring, which radially accommodates the seal during assembly due to the opposing bevels of the flange clamping surfaces.

[0016] The pipe connection proposed according to the invention comprises a first sealing ring half and a second sealing ring half, each having a first sealing ring half end and a second sealing ring half end, whose geometries are complementary to one another. This simplifies assembly, and tolerances are also present during assembly, which enable easy handling during the manufacture of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention.

[0017] In this way, the respective ends of the sealing ring halves can be guided into each other in such a way that a first gap and a second gap are created during assembly before the clamping devices are tightened. The two sealing ring halves are pre-assembled in such a way that the respective sealing ring halves lie against each other along a common contact surface. During subsequent clamping, a radial displacement of the sealing ring halves occurs such that when the axial force is applied, the first gap and the second gap close until the sealing ring halves lie radially against the clamping ring and the sealing effect is fully established. This creates a force equilibrium between the sealing ring halves, fittings and clamping rings in the axial and radial end positions.

[0018] In the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, projections and recesses are formed in alternating sequence in the circumferential direction at the mutually facing ends of the pipe parts, which projections form a complementary geometry with respect to one another. The recesses running in the circumferential direction or the projections running in the circumferential direction can be designed in a uniform grid along the mutually facing ends of the pipe parts to be connected, so that several rotational positions are possible between them. If, however, the recesses and the recesses are distributed unevenly over the circumference of the first pipe part and the second pipe part in the circumferential direction at the mutually facing ends of the pipe parts, i.e. on their end faces, the two pipe parts to be joined can only be joined in one rotational position. In both cases, the fittings to be connected, i.e.Pipe parts, identical with regard to the arrangement of projections and recesses, so that identical fittings can be mounted on all pipe ends to be connected; this simplifies the assembly of the pipe assemblies and the manufacture of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention.

[0019] It is possible to form six projections and six recesses, each spaced at 30° intervals, at the mutually facing ends of the pipe parts to be joined within the pipe connection, for example in the circumferential direction. In addition, the complementary geometry could also be designed such that, for example, five projections and five recesses are provided on the pipe parts to be joined in the circumferential direction, resulting in a 36° interval. It is possible to arrange four projections and four recesses in the circumferential direction, resulting in a 45° interval. If, on the other hand, only three projections and three recesses are produced on the mutually facing end faces of the first pipe part and the second pipe part, this results in a 60° interval, whereas if two projections and two recesses are provided, this results in a 90° interval. The grid, i.e.The design of the complementary geometry, with the provision of two projections and two complementary recesses, can provide the rotational fixation function at a pitch of four times 90° and additionally the rotational positioning function at uneven angles, for example, two times 100° and two times 80°, of the identical flanges to be connected. The design of a smaller grid for larger flange diameters is possible and facilitates the handling of the pipe parts during assembly when manufacturing the pipe connection proposed according to the invention.

[0020] The pipe connection proposed according to the invention can also be used when only limited axial compression is necessary or possible. In this case, a one-piece sealing ring is used, which preferably has a rectangular cross-section. The one-piece sealing ring with the rectangular cross-section bears against a first vertically extending end face and a second vertically extending end face opposite this. Due to the rectangular geometry of the one-piece sealing ring, axial compression with elastic sealing material can be achieved with this design variant. The complementary geometry of projections and recesses in an alternating sequence in the circumferential direction supports the one-piece sealing ring radially inward and, on the other hand, ensures that the two pipe parts to be connected to one another within the scope of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention are secured against rotation.

[0021] With regard to the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, at least one clamp or at least one bridge for suspending the pipe parts with a first clamp head and a second clamp head per clamping ring can be used on an outer wall of the pipe parts connected to one another within the framework of the pipe connection, via which clamping rings are fixed to the circumference of the pipe connection.

[0022] In a further development of the solution proposed according to the invention, the clamping rings comprise a first end and a second end, each of which is thickened and provided with a screw head counterpart geometry, which serves to secure the screw head against rotation and thus eliminates the need to counter the tightening torque when tightening.

[0023] In a further development of the solution proposed according to the invention, the clamping rings can also be designed in their cross-section as clamping rings for connecting the pipe ends and thus, in addition to fastening the pipe string to the surrounding structure of the aircraft, also connect the pipe ends, which reduces the number of components required.

[0024] In the pipe connection proposed by the invention, a wire-shaped measuring element extends along the outer wall of the two pipe sections joined and sealed within the pipe connection. The wire-shaped measuring element is installed continuously across all connected pipes after all pipe connections have been closed. This allows it to be retrofitted without tools in all brackets along the pipe system and in the sensor housings at each pipe connection using elastic fasteners.

[0025] In the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, the wire-shaped measuring element, which is, for example, a heat-sensitive optical fiber, is protected against external damage by one or more adhesively attached or mountable foam covers having a slot in the longitudinal direction for receiving the foam covers.

[0026] The invention further relates to the use of the pipe connection with a first pipe part and a further second pipe part in use in an aircraft. Advantages of the invention

[0027] The pipe connection proposed by the invention allows for the extended use of sensitive materials for seals, even under harsh operating conditions, since in all design variants the seal is protected, supported, and secured in its sealing position. This is achieved by the completely enclosing surfaces of the clamping ring or flanges, particularly in the direction of potentially hot, pressurized, and chemically aggressive media flowing inside the pipe connections.

[0028] The pipe connection proposed according to the invention allows the use of a single pipe part variant per selected pipe diameter, since each of the pipe parts produced according to the invention has a plurality of projections and recesses distributed in the circumferential direction. If these projections or recesses are manufactured uniformly in the circumferential direction on the end faces of the pipe parts to be joined together within the pipe connection, the rotational position of the pipe parts relative to one another can be staggered during installation. This makes several rotation positions available. If, on the other hand, these areas, i.e. the areas on the end faces of the pipe parts to be joined together within the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, are designed unevenly in the circumferential direction, it is alternatively possible to realize a clear rotational position of the two pipe parts relative to one another during installation.

[0029] With the solution proposed by the invention, no further precautions are required to define the exact rotational positions of the two pipe parts to be joined. In particular, with the solution proposed by the invention, maintaining two different pipe part geometries in design and production is obsolete.

[0030] The illustrated variants of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, with either vertical or inclined sealing surfaces, with seals that slide radially outward until they reach the clamping device, guarantee axial alignment of the pipes or pipe sections connected in this way during assembly. For pipes with the same flanges and inclined sealing surfaces, stress-free and seal-protecting assembly at an angle of the connected pipes that deviates from the axial alignment can only be achieved by using a different type of seal, which is closed all the way around and reinforced around the circumference to ensure no or only slightly stretchable flexibility.The selection of the corresponding sealing type suitable for the respective application can therefore only be made during the final assembly of the pipe parts and the production of the pipe connection proposed in the invention, so that unexpected geometric deviations in the pipe system can be compensated for at short notice.

[0031] The pipe connection proposed by the invention allows the use of clamping rings with the same cross-section as clamping rings to connect the pipe ends. In addition to securing the pipe string to the surrounding structure of the aircraft, the pipe ends can also be connected with a single component, while retaining the described advantages of all seal and flange configurations. This reduces the number of required components. The axial position of the structural connection and the axial position of the pipe connection must match in this case; however, the radial position of the structural connection is freely selectable for a circular pipe geometry. Short description of the drawings

[0032] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

[0033] It shows: Figure 1 shows a first embodiment variant ("NOGuideVersion") of a non-inventive pipe connection not covered by the claims in a perspective view, Figure 2 shows a section through the pipe connection according to the illustration in Figure 1Figure 3 shows a detail of a multi-part sealing ring in the region of its sealing ring half ends. Figure 4 shows a perspective top view of the multi-part sealing ring. Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment ("Guide Version") of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention. Figure 6 shows a partial interior view of a pipe part with projections or recesses arranged in a grid pattern on the front side and an obliquely running sealing surface. Figure 7 shows a detailed view of the inside of the joined pipe connection according to the second embodiment. Figure 8 shows a detailed view of a vertically running sealing surface for a flat gasket. Figure 9 shows a representation of a third embodiment ("Flat Version") with a flat, one-piece sealing ring. Figure 10 shows a detailed view of the third embodiment of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention.Figure 11 shows a perspective view of a clamp for fixing a clamping ring to the circumference of the pipe connection, Figure 12 shows a bridge with a first clamp head and a second clamp head, Figure 13 shows a perspective view of a clamping ring, Figure 14 shows a representation of a temperature sensor on the outer circumference of the pipe connection according to the invention, and Figure 15 shows an assembly drawing of all components of the pipe connection according to the invention. Variants of the invention

[0034] According to the illustration Figure 1 A perspective view of the first embodiment of a non-inventive pipe connection not covered by the claims can be seen.

[0035] A first pipe part 12 and a second pipe part 14 are connected and sealed to one another at a first pipe connection 10. For this purpose, an annular clamping device 16 encloses an outer wall 18 in the region of a first end face 20 of the first pipe part 12 and a second end face 22 with respect to the second pipe part 14. From the illustration according to Figure 1 It can be seen that a sealing ring 24 is received between the first end face 20 and the second end face 22. The sealing ring 24 is a multi-part sealing ring comprising a first sealing ring half 44 and a second sealing ring half 46. In the embodiment according to Figure 1The multi-part sealing ring 24 has a wedge-shaped cross-section 26. A wedge angle 28 lies in the range between 5° and 30°, preferably between 10° and 20°. Due to the wedge angle 28, at which the wedge-shaped cross-section 26 is formed on the multi-part sealing ring 24, a first lateral sealing surface 30 and a second lateral sealing surface 32 run at an incline. The inclination of the first sealing surface 30 and the second sealing surface 32 preferably corresponds to an inclination that the first end face 20 on the first pipe part 12 and the second end face 22 on the second pipe part 14 have.

[0036] On its open side facing the end faces 20, 22, the clamping device 16 has bevels that are complementary to bevels of the first end face 20 of the first pipe part 12 and the second end face 22 of the second pipe part 14. When the clamping device 16 is tightened in the tangential direction, a radial force 34 is transmitted to the sealing ring 24 due to the radial contact with the clamping device 16, which presses the multi-part sealing ring 24 with its sealing surfaces 30, 32 between the first end face 20 and the second end face 22, so that the sealing ring 24 is fixed in the region of a parting line between the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14 in a geometric triangle of contact surfaces and seals the pipe connection. Figure 1shows furthermore that a free space 36 remains between the upper region of the multi-part sealing ring 24 and the recess within the clamping device 16, which free space can be used, for example, to accommodate a heat sensor or, in the embodiment shown, to collect the leaks along the seal in order to feed them in a concentrated manner to a heat sensor, which is laid parallel to the pipe axis, at the intersection of the seal and the heat sensor.

[0037] Figure 2 also shows in perspective view a part of the first pipe connection according to the perspective representation in Figure 1 .

[0038] From the perspective view according to Figure 2 It can be seen that the multi-part sealing ring 24 comprises the first sealing ring half 44 and the second sealing ring half 46. These are according to Figure 2 enclosed by the clamping device 16.

[0039] From the detailed view according to Figure 3Sealing ring half ends 38, 40 emerge, which correspond to the sealing position during pre-assembly in Figure 3 shown positions with respect to one another. Along a bearing surface 42, the sealing ring half ends 38, 40 rest against one another and form a first gap 48 and a second gap 50 at the other of the sealing ring half ends 38, 40.

[0040] If a force is applied to the clamping device 16 and the latter is radially tensioned, the respective sealing ring halves 44, 46 slide radially outwards until they rest against the clamping device 16, whereby the first gap 48 or the second gap 50 widens to accommodate the increased circumference and the contact shortens accordingly without losing the sealing effect, since even in these overlapping areas of the seals the wedge-shaped cross section of both seals is pressed together outwards until it stops against the clamping device 16, thus ensuring contact. From the illustration according to Figure 2 It can be seen that the sealing ring half ends 38, 40 are formed in a 180° division, ie they are opposite one another with respect to the circumference of the clamping device 16.

[0041] Figure 4 shows a top view of the multi-part sealing ring 24 with first sealing ring half 44 and second sealing ring half 46. According to the illustration Figure 4 The sealing ring 24, which in this case is made of two parts and has a wedge-shaped cross section 26, can be seen. The illustration according to Figure 4 essentially corresponds to the representations in the previous Figures 2 and 3 , only the diameter of the sealing ring 24, which is designed in two parts here, is slightly changed due to the complementary geometry 58 on the end faces of the pipe parts 12, 14, see illustration according to Figure 5 . Since according to Figure 5 the multi-part sealing ring 24 is enclosed by an enclosing geometric non-rectangular quadrilateral 104, so that a significant change in the diameter of the multi-part sealing ring 24 is not possible, the use of a one-part wedge-shaped seal results in assured tightness under higher internal pressure of the pipe connection compared to a multi-part sealing ring 24.

[0042] Figure 5shows a further, second embodiment of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention.

[0043] Out of Figure 5 It can be seen that in a second pipe connection 52, a complementary geometry 58 is formed on the first end face 20 and on the second end face 22. This comprises projections 54 and recesses 56 (see Figure 6 ). Out of Figure 5It can be seen that, for example, the projection 54 is formed on the second pipe part 14 and engages in a complementary recess 56 opposite it below the first end face 20 of the first pipe part 12. The respective projections 54 and recesses 56 formed are the said complementary geometry 58. In the second pipe connection 52, too, the clamping device 16 presses onto the upper side of the sealing ring 24, which is formed in several parts here, and positions it with its respective first sealing surface 30 and its second sealing surface 32 against the obliquely formed first end face 20 of the first pipe part 12 and the obliquely formed end face 22 of the second pipe part 14.

[0044] Reference numeral 104 denotes an enclosing geometric non-rectangular quadrilateral, within which the one-part or multi-part sealing ring 24, 68 fixes the wedge-shaped cross-section 26 in its sealing position between the clamping device 16 and the two obliquely extending end faces 20, 22 and the alternating projections 54 of the pipe parts 12 and 14.

[0045] Figure 6 shows a perspective inside view of a first tube part 14 on the front side of which the complementary geometry 58 is executed. From the perspective view according to Figure 6 It can be seen that, viewed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall 18 of the first pipe part 12, projections 54 extend in the circumferential direction, to which in turn a recess 56 extends, to which in turn a projection 54 extends and so on. In the embodiment according to Figure 6, i.e. within the scope of the second pipe connection 52, for example, six projections 54 each having a 30° circumferential part 60 are formed, viewed in the circumferential direction of the first pipe part, and six 30° circumferential parts 62 in relation to the recess 56. This means that on both end faces of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14, six projections 54 and six recesses 56 extend alternately in the circumferential direction. Since they are evenly arranged, these can be joined in any desired rotational position with respect to one another within the scope of the complementary geometry 58. Alternatively, it is of course also possible to form a different number of projections 54 and recesses 56 on the respective end faces of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14 within the scope of alternative complementary geometries 58.For example, viewed in the circumferential direction of the tube parts 12, 14, five projections 54 and five recesses 56 could be formed in an alternating sequence, resulting in a pitch of 36°. Alternatively, it would also be possible to form four projections on each of the opposite end faces of the first tube part 12 and the second tube part 14, and four recesses 56 in alternating sequence in the circumferential direction, which in this case would be designed with a 45° pitch, for example. Furthermore, three projections 54 and three recesses 56 could be formed in an alternating sequence with a 60° pitch on the end faces of the two opposite tube parts 12, 14.Finally, it would also be possible to provide two projections 54 on each of the mutually facing end faces of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14, alternating with two recesses 56, thus creating a 90° pitch. However, if an uneven distribution of projections 54 and recesses 56 is chosen in the circumferential direction, the two mutually facing end faces of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14 can only be assembled together in a single, defined rotational position. However, if the end faces of the two pipe parts 12, 14 to be joined are designed with a uniform grid, as explained above, all rotational positions with respect to the two pipe parts 12, 14 can be realized within the grid.

[0046] Figure 7 shows an inside view of the second pipe connection 52.

[0047] Figure 7It can be seen that in the area of a joint on the inner wall 64 of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14, projections 54 engage in recess 56 and vice versa. The Figure 7 shown in the inner wall 64. The two pipe parts 12, 14 according to Figure 7are connected to one another within the second pipe connection 52. The clamping device 16, which encloses the multi-part sealing ring 24, exerts a radial force on the latter, which presses the one-piece or multi-part sealing ring 24, 68 between the mutually facing first and second end faces 20, 22 of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14. Position 104, in turn, designates the enclosing geometric non-rectangular quadrilateral, which is formed by the inside of the clamping device 16 and by the obliquely extending end faces 20, 22 on the pipe parts 12, 14, as well as the projection 54 of the complementary geometry 58.

[0048] According to the illustration Figure 8The complementary geometry 58 can be seen. This comprises projections 54 arranged in alternating sequence and corresponding recesses 56, which are formed on the pipe parts 12, 14 forming the pipe connections proposed according to the invention. As can be seen from Figure 8 As can be seen, a 30° circumferential part 60 corresponding to the projection 54 is shown complementary to a 30° circumferential part 62 with respect to a recess 56. When joining the first pipe part 12 with the second pipe part 14, the complementary geometry 58, as shown in Figure 8 is indicated, a rotation lock or a position fixation of the first pipe part 12 in relation to the second pipe part 14. Reference numeral 72 in the illustration according to Figure 8 a first vertical end face of the first pipe part 12, which merges into the outer wall 18.

[0049] Figure 9shows a perspective top view of a one-piece closed sealing ring 68. This serves to seal a third pipe connection 66, as shown by way of example in Figure 10 According to the illustration Figure 10 a third embodiment of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention in the form of a third pipe connection 66 can be seen. Figure 10The third pipe connection 66 shown is preferably selected when limited space is available for axial compression during the production of a third pipe connection 66. In contrast to the embodiments described above, the closed one-piece sealing ring 68 used here has a rectangular cross-section 70. The one-piece sealing ring 68 is made, for example, from a material such as PTFE and has a cross-sectional area of 5 mm x 2 mm. In contrast to the first pipe connection 10 or the second pipe connection 52, the third pipe connection 66 as shown in Figure 10the first end face 20 and the second end face 22 of the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14 are provided with vertically extending flanks 72 and 74, respectively. In contrast to the inclined end faces 20, 22 according to the first pipe connection 10 and the second pipe connection 52, Figure 10In the third pipe connection 66 shown, the longitudinal sides of the one-piece sealing ring 68 abut the vertically extending flanks 72, 74 of the first end face 20 and the second end face 22. Furthermore, below the one-piece sealing ring 68, the projections 54 and recesses 56 formed on the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14, respectively, abut one another and form a parting line 76 in the inner wall 64 of the two pipe parts 12, 14 connected to one another within the framework of the third pipe connection 66.Analogous to the first pipe connection 10 and the second pipe connection 52, a radial force is applied to the one-piece sealing ring 68 by the clamping device 16, which presses it into the space between the first vertical flank 72 on the first end face 20 of the first pipe part 12 and the second vertically extending flank 74 of the second end face 22 of the second pipe part 14, so that the seal is provided at the parting line 76.By tightening the clamping device 16, in the embodiment shown of a third pipe connection 66, no radial force is exerted on the one-piece closed sealing ring 68 outwards by the vertical end faces 72, 74, so that the projections 54 have the task, on the one hand, of preventing the one-piece sealing ring 68 or areas of the one-piece sealing ring 68 from falling inwards into the flow of the medium and thereby contaminating or slowing down the medium transported through the third pipe connection 66 and, on the other hand, of limiting the deformation of the elastic one-piece sealing ring 68 by axial pressure, in that the projections 54 rest in the opposite recesses 56 and thus protect the one-piece sealing ring 68 from damage during assembly.A further task of the projections 54 resting in the recesses 56 in the described embodiment of the third pipe connection 66 is the transmission of external axial forces from the first pipe part 12 to the second pipe part 14 and vice versa, thereby protecting the elastic one-piece sealing ring 68 from these additional axial compressive loads and axially stiffening the third pipe connection 66 despite the use of the elastic one-piece sealing ring 68. According to . Figure 10 an enclosing geometric rectangular quadrilateral 106 results due to the vertical end faces 72, 74 of the pipe parts 12, 14.

[0050] The representation in Figure 11 a clamp 78 can be seen, which has a connection point 80 which is designed in the form of an eyelet. Figure 12shows in perspective view a bridge 82 for larger or predominantly axial holding forces on the circumference of the outer wall 18, which has a reinforced connection point 80 on its upper side analogous to the clamp 78 and is further provided with a first clamp head 84 and a second clamp head 86 opposite it for two clamping rings 88 axially offset on the outer wall 18.

[0051] With the Figures 11 and 12 Clamps 78 and bridges 82 shown in perspective can be clamping rings 88, as shown in Figure 13 shown in perspective, can be fixed in any position and rotation on the circumference of the outer wall 18 of each of the pipe joints 10, 52 and 66, respectively, which unifies and simplifies the pipe sections of complexly fastened pipes. Figure 13Furthermore, it is shown that a first end 90 and a second end 92 of the clamping ring 88 are thickened. Screw head counterpiece geometries 94 are embedded in the thickened first ends 90 and second ends 92, respectively. These eliminate the need for a tool for counterholding when creating a screw connection, since the counterholding force for the screw connecting element is applied by the screw head counterpiece geometry 94. The first and second ends 90, 92 of the clamping rings 88 are wedge-shaped, which, when assembly nuts on the upper side of the clamp 78 or the bridge 82 are tightened, leads to the shortening of the clamping ring 88 until it is clamped onto the outer wall 18. This function of the clamping ring 88 is similar to the function of the clamping ring 16; therefore, the functions of both rings can be combined in one design to save components and weight. For this purpose, the clamping ring 88 is not flat on the circumference as in Figure 13but retains the cross-section of the clamping ring 16 as shown in the Figures 1 , 5 , 7 or 10 .

[0052] Figure 14 shows a schematic arrangement of a temperature sensor, which is located on the outside circumference of a first pipe connection 10, a second pipe connection 52 or a third pipe connection 66. A sensor housing 96 of the temperature sensor is preferred, which is fastened via the clamping device 16 extending in the circumferential direction of the outer wall 18, as in Figure 14 shown. For the arrangement of the temperature sensor, it is irrelevant whether the clamping device 16 is part of the first pipe connection 10, the second pipe connection 52, or the third pipe connection 66 for connecting the first pipe part 12 to the second pipe part 14. Figure 14shows that a wire-shaped measuring element 98 extends through the sensor housing 96. This wire-shaped measuring element 98 extends through an elastic sensor holder 100, which is made of silicone, for example, while the sensor housing 96 can be a plastic injection-molded part. Figure 14shows that the wire-shaped measuring element 98 is covered, secured, and protected by foam covers 102 on both sides of the sensor housing 96. The foam covers 102 are plastic components that have a slot-shaped opening extending essentially in the longitudinal direction, into which the wire-shaped measuring element 98 to be protected can be pressed or inserted. The foam covers 102 adhere to the outer wall 18 of the first tube part 12 or the second tube part 14, so that the wire-shaped measuring element 98 remains in its original position and is not subjected to any mechanical stress.Furthermore, the wire-shaped measuring element 98 is protected against environmental influences, such as the high temperature of the connected pipes, and damage by the attachable foam covers 102, and only triggers a signal if hot exhaust air collects under the clamping ring 16 due to a seal failure and escapes through the sensor housing 96 and the sensor holder 100 past the wire-shaped measuring element 98, for example, a heat-sensitive fiber optic cable. The wire-shaped measuring element 98 can advantageously be installed without tools after all pipe connections have been installed, across them, in the foam covers 102 and the elastic sensor holders 100, in order to simultaneously monitor the tightness of all connected pipe connections.

[0053] Figure 15shows an assembly drawing of the pipe connection proposed according to the invention, be it the first pipe connection 10, the second pipe connection 52 or the third pipe connection 66.

[0054] Figure 15 shows that the first pipe part 12 and the second pipe part 14 are connected to each other by the clamping device 16. On the clamping device 16 is the already mentioned above in connection with Figure 14 The sensor housing 96 of a temperature sensor, as already explained in connection with Figure 14 The aforementioned wire-shaped measuring element 98 passes through the sensor housing 96 of the temperature sensor. On both sides of the sensor housing 96, the wire-shaped measuring element 98 is protected against environmental influences by foam covers 102, which are supported on the outer wall 18 of the first tube part 12 and the second tube part 14, respectively.

[0055] Figure 15 Furthermore, it is shown that the clamping ring 88 extends around the tubular part 12, the ends 90, 92 of which are connected by the clamp 78. Similarly, the two clamping rings 88, which enclose the outer wall 18 of the second tubular part 14, are connected to one another by the bridge 82. This comprises the first clamp head 84 and the second clamp head 86, with each of the two clamp heads 84, 86 fixing and clamping one of the clamping rings 88. The two eyelet-shaped connection points 80 enable fixing of the Figure 15 illustrated first pipe connection 10 or second pipe connection 52 or third pipe connection 66 in the respective installation space, wherein in a simplified design the eyelet-shaped connection points 80 could also be integrated into the clamping ring 16 in order to combine the functions of holding the pipe and establishing a tight pipe connection in one component and thus reduce the number of components required.

[0056] Figure 14 shows a combination of clamping device 16 and a pipe connection 10, 52, 66 with an additional function and a seal, since even with radial contact between the seal and clamping device 16, two air channels remain surrounding the pipe connection 10, 52, 66, as a completely enclosing collector for any escaping hot air with a sensor housing as a local hot air outlet through which the wire-shaped measuring element 98 is guided. Figures 11 to 13 show axially displaceable supports of the pipe parts 12, 14, which compensate for a deviation from the planned pipe route due to construction deviations of the pipe parts 12, 14 or the surrounding structural supports, which are mounted stress-free, with an angle-compensating sealing variant without additional effort by axial displacement of clamping rings 88 relative to the pipe during the assembly of the pipe parts 12, 14 to the surrounding structural supports, also stress-free. Figure 15shows all mounting options of the variants according to Figures 11 to 14 in summary. A reference to pipe connections 10, 52, 66 is to extend the advantages of the pipe connection / seal variants to sensor mounting or for a structural connection in the aircraft.

[0057] The rotational locking and rotational positioning via projections 54 and recesses 56 is designed such that only one variant of the pipe parts 12, 14, i.e., the flanges, is required for a pipe connection 10, 52, 66, since these can engage with each other. This eliminates the need for male / female flanges, resulting in simplified flange manufacturing and flange assembly, i.e., a simplification of the assembly of the pipe parts 12, 14.

[0058] The clamping ring, ie the clamping device, is also used as a circumferential collector of unwanted exhaust air in the event of leaks in the area of the pipe connection 10, 52, 66. In the event that deviations in the pipe run or structural bindings cannot be compensated, a stress-free assembly can be carried out without additional effort using axially movable clamping rings 88.

[0059] The invention is not limited to the embodiments described here and the aspects highlighted therein. Rather, numerous modifications are possible within the scope of the claims, which are within the scope of expert practice. List of reference symbols

[0060] 10 First pipe connection 78 bracket 12 First pipe section 80 Connection point (eyelet) 14 Second pipe section 82 Bridge 16 clamping device 84 First staple head 18 exterior wall 86 Second staple head 20 First sloping front surface 88 clamping ring 22 Second sloping front surface 90 First end 24 Multi-part sealing ring 92 Second ending 26 Wedge-shaped cross-section 94 Screw head counterpart geometry 28 Wedge angle 96 Sensor housing 30 First sealing surface 98 Wire-shaped measuring element 32 Second sealing surface 100 Sensor holder 34 radial force 102 foam cover 36 Free space 104 Enclosing geometric non-rectangular quadrilateral 38 First sealing ring half end 106 Enclosing geometric rectangular quadrilateral 40 Second sealing ring half end 42 Support surface 44 First sealing ring half 46 Second sealing ring half 48 First gap 50 Second gap 52 Second pipe connection 54 projection 56 recess 58 Complementary geometry 60 30° peripheral projection 62 30° peripheral recess 64 inner wall 66 Third pipe connection 68 One-piece sealing ring 70 Rectangular cross-section 72 First vertical face 74 Second vertical face 76 butt joint

Claims

1. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) with a first pipe part (12) and a second pipe part (14), with at least one multi-part sealing ring (24; 44, 46) or at least one single-part sealing ring (68), which is surrounded by a clamping device (16), wherein the pipe parts (12, 14) each comprise a first obliquely end face (20) or a first vertically extending end face (72), with respect to the pipe axis, and a second obliquely or vertically extending end face (22) or a second vertically extending end face (74), with respect to the pipe axis, these end faces being overlapped by the clamping device (16), which applies an outwardly acting radial force (34) to the at least one single-part sealing ring (68) or the at least one multi-part sealing ring (24; 44, 46), so that the sealing ring (24; 44; 46; 68) is secured in an enclosing geometric triangle or in an enclosing geometric non-rectangular quadrilateral (104) which is defined by the obliquely extending end face (20, 22) of the first pipe part (12) and of the second pipe part (14), or so that the sealing ring (24; 44, 46, 68) is secured in an enclosing geometric rectangular quadrilateral (106) which is defined by the vertically extending end face (72, 74) of the first pipe part (12) and of the second pipe part (14), characterised in that a complementary geometry (58) of projections (54) and recesses (56) arranged in alternating sequence is designed at mutually facing ends of the pipe parts (12, 14) in the circumferential direction, so that the projections (54) form an inner radial edge of the geometric triangle, the geometric non rectangular quadrilateral (104) or the geometric rectangular quadrilateral (106).

2. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the single-part sealing ring (68) or the multi-part sealing ring (24; 44, 46) has a wedge-shaped cross-section (26), a rectangular cross-section (70), a circular cross-section or an oval cross-section.

3. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the single-part sealing ring (68) or the multi-part sealing ring (24; 44, 46) is designed of PTFE, plastic material with or without fibre reinforcement, rubber, plastic material with portions of metallic materials, metal-reinforced rubber mixtures or as a purely metallic seal.

4. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the single-part sealing ring (68) or the multi-part sealing ring (24; 44, 46) is designed as a metal ring with a wedge-shaped cross-section (26) with crowned sealing surfaces (30, 32) or as a flat sealing ring made of metallic material.

5. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 2, characterised in that there is a wedge angle (28) at the wedge-shaped cross-section (26) of the single-part sealing ring (68) or the multi-part sealing ring (24; 44, 46) and the first sealing surface (30) and the second sealing surface (32) extend obliquely.

6. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 3, characterised in that in the case of non-parallel end faces (20, 22) of the pipe parts (12, 14) a single-part sealing ring (68) with a wedge-shaped cross-section (26) is designed reinforced in such a way that it allows a radial displacement against the clamping device (16) by means of its diameter.

7. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 5, characterised in that the wedge angle (28) is between 5° to 30° and is preferably 10° to 15°.

8. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the multi-part sealing ring (24) comprises a first sealing ring half (44) and a second sealing ring half (46), each of which has a first sealing ring half end (38) and a second sealing ring half end (40) which are formed complementary to each other.

9. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 8, characterised in that, in the assembled state of the multi-part sealing ring (24) before the clamping device (16) is tightened, the first and second sealing ring half ends (38, 40), which are formed complementary to each other, form a first gap (48) and a second gap (50), respectively, and, in the state in which they are placed on the exterior wall (48), form a bearing surface (42).

10. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the projections (54) and the recesses (56) are arranged in uniform or in non-uniform distribution at the ends of each of the pipe parts (12, 14) in the circumferential direction of the exterior wall (18) of the pipe parts (12, 14).

11. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that it comprises, under limited axial compression, a single-part sealing ring (68), which has a rectangular cross-section (70) and is compressed between a first vertical end face (72) as well as a second vertical end face (74) in such a way that the complementary geometry (56) of projections (54) and recesses (56) abuts against each other and radially secures the single-part sealing ring (68) in its sealing position.

12. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that at least one clamp (78) and at least one bridge (82) with a first clamp head (84) and a second clamp head (86) are provided at the exterior wall (18) of each of the pipe parts (12, 14), which fix tension rings (88) at the circumference of the pipe connection (10, 52, 66).

13. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 1, characterised in that clamping devices (16) are designed with at least one connection point (80) and hold both pipe ends in their position by means of the pipe connection (10, 52, 66).

14. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 12, characterised in that the tension rings (88) have a first end (90) and a second end (92), which are each designed thickened and have each a screw head counterpart geometry (94) and a clamping bevel.

15. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 13, characterised in that a wire-shaped measuring element (98) extends along the exterior wall (18) of the first pipe part (12) and of the second pipe part (14).

16. Pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to Claim 15, characterised in that the wire-shaped measuring element (98) is held, guided, and protected by one or more adhesively bondable, mountable foam covers (102) having a slotting in the longitudinal direction.

17. Use of the pipe connection (10, 52, 66) according to any one of the preceding claims in an aircraft.