System for supporting a rail and associated method

Abstract

System (1) for supporting a rail on a sleeper (30), comprising - an intermediate layer (10), in particular a soft intermediate layer (20), and - a sliding layer (20), wherein the sliding layer (20) is formed separately from the intermediate layer (10) and is arranged in the assembled state along a stacking direction between the intermediate layer (10) and the rail.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for supporting a rail, a sliding layer for such a system and a method for supporting a rail on a sleeper.

[0002] Typically, rails are supported on sleepers or sleeper bodies via spacers arranged between the sleeper and the rail. These spacers generally serve to elastically decouple the rail or track body from the sleeper. Recently, it has proven advantageous to use comparatively soft spacers made of a rubber material instead of rigid or hard spacers, which allows for greater elastic deflection of the spacer.

[0003] During track installation, the pre-laid rail is welded approximately every 150 m. Before welding, the rail must be pre-tensioned. This requires the rail ends to be pulled from a few centimeters to approximately 3 m in a process known as "rail pulling."

[0004] When pulling longer distances during rail pulling, soft rail pads often encounter the problem of being pulled out of a gap between the rail or track bed and the sleeper due to their comparatively high coefficient of friction, especially at higher temperatures. The incorrectly placed rail pad must then be manually and laboriously repositioned by lifting the rail. This results in considerable additional effort during track installation.

[0005] Nevertheless, dynamic stresses on the entire track or rail, especially in curved sections, lead to wear on the rail pad. Due to wear-related material abrasion, the remaining thickness of the rail pad gradually decreases, which reduces the elastic deflection of the rail under wheel load over time. If the abrasion is too high, the rail inclination changes, and the rail pad must be replaced.

[0006] JP 2016 183549 A discloses a rail support structure with an intermediate layer made of a low-friction material, which is arranged between the rail and the sleeper. DE 2012 014500 A1 (Document D2) discloses a rail fastening system for fastening a rail to a concrete sleeper, comprising an intermediate plate and a rail fastening plate. An elastic intermediate layer is arranged between the rail and the rail fastening plate. EP 3 269 877 A1 (Document D3) discloses a rail intermediate layer for arrangement between a railway sleeper and a rail. DE 196 235 23 also shows a generic system for supporting a rail on a sleeper.

[0007] Based on this, the present invention has for its object to provide a system that improves, in particular simplifies, the assembly or mounting of a rail on a sleeper and increases the service life of the intermediate layer.

[0008] This object is achieved by a system according to claim 1, a sliding layer according to claim 12 and a method according to claim 13. Further advantages and properties of the invention emerge from the subclaims as well as the description and the attached figures.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a system for supporting a rail on a sleeper according to claim 1 is provided.

[0010] The system according to the invention is characterized in that it provides a separately formed sliding layer which is arranged between the intermediate layer or during its simultaneous production and the rail. Accordingly, a materially bonded connection between the sliding layer and the intermediate layer, which is complex to produce, can be dispensed with. In particular, formation of the sliding layer during production of the intermediate layer is dispensed with. A further advantage of the separate formation and design is the possibility of retrofitting or equipping other intermediate layer types with sliding layers. In particular, corresponding equipment can be provided independently of the intermediate layer type, i.e. the production of the sliding layers can be carried out largely independently of the intermediate layer type. Furthermore, it is advantageously possible to subsequently apply the separately selected sliding layer during rail or track laying.The intermediate layer is preferably a flat product with a base body that extends essentially along a main extension plane. The stacking direction, along which the intermediate layer, the sliding layer and the rail are arranged one above the other during installation or storage of the rail on the sleeper, runs perpendicular to the main extension plane. The intermediate layer can have differently shaped geometries and structures. For example, the intermediate layer can have knobs, grooves, slots, blind holes and / or the like on its top and / or bottom side. However, it is also conceivable for the intermediate layer to be completely flat and completely closed on its top side, which faces the rail in the installed state. In particular, it is provided that the intermediate layer extends over the full width of the sleeper in the longitudinal direction of the rail in the installed state.On its end faces, the intermediate layer can have projections that protrude from the underside of the intermediate layer in a direction parallel to the stacking direction. These projections serve in particular to ensure a positive engagement with the sleeper along the longitudinal direction of the rail, thus enabling additional fixation to the railway sleeper. For this purpose, these projections overlap, in particular, an edge of the sleeper or the sleeper body. It has been found that these projections are generally not sufficient to prevent the intermediate layer from being pulled out, for example, during rail pulling. This can be achieved instead by means of the sliding layer, which has a lower coefficient of friction than the intermediate layer.In particular, it is provided that the ratio of the friction coefficient of the sliding layer to the friction coefficient of the intermediate layer assumes a value of between 0.05 and 0.6, preferably between 0.07 and 0.5, and particularly preferably between 0.1 and 0.3. This advantageously reduces the friction coefficient or the friction between the intermediate layer and the sliding layer in such a way that the interaction of the rail during a relative movement of the rail with respect to the intermediate layer can be minimized. This also reduces the probability of the intermediate layer being pulled out of a gap between the rail and sleeper when the rail is pulled. This simplifies assembly considerably, since there is no need to laboriously reinsert the intermediate layers that have been accidentally pulled out of the gap between the sleeper and the rail into the gap between the rail and sleeper.In addition, the friction between the intermediate layer and the rail can be reduced during operation to such an extent that material loss on the upper side of the intermediate layer due to the friction between the intermediate layer and the sliding layer can be reduced. This also has a positive effect on the service life of the intermediate layer. The formation of a separate sliding layer for particularly soft intermediate layers has proven particularly preferred. Those skilled in the art understand soft intermediate layers to be intermediate layers with a Shore A hardness of less than 95, preferably less than 90, and particularly preferably less than 85.

[0011] The sliding layer is preferably made of sheet metal, according to one aspect of the invention of a fabric and / or a plastic film. For example, the plastic film is made of polyethylene, in particular ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PEUHMW). It is also conceivable for the sliding layer to be made of polypropylene (PP), polyoxymethylene (POM), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or (polybutylene terephthalate) PETB. In particular, in the form of the plastic film or plastic-shaped sliding layers, these can be realized in a comparatively thin manner, so that no increased space or installation space requirement arises when using such sliding layers as separate components between the intermediate layer and the rail.In particular, it has been found that these sliding layers can significantly improve the effect of the projections or beads formed on the end face of the intermediate layer in the longitudinal direction of the rail, particularly during rail pulling, and which are intended to prevent displacement in the longitudinal direction of the rail. In particular, it is envisaged that the system can be adhesive-free, i.e. free of an adhesive or a material-to-material connection between the sliding layer and the intermediate layer. If such a material-to-material connection is provided, it is preferably provided that this is only made during assembly of the rail on the intermediate layer. In particular, it is conceivable that the sliding layer is designed to be replaceable. This advantageously makes it possible to adapt the system to the currently required purpose by means of the sliding layer or a change of the sliding layer.For example, it is possible to keep the coefficient of friction comparatively high during transport of the system consisting of rail, intermediate layer, and sliding layer by selecting an appropriately selected sliding layer. At this point, it is ultimately desirable that the rail and the sliding layer do not shift relative to each other, so an increased coefficient of friction is advantageous. This can be achieved, for example, by dimensioning the sliding layer comparatively small. Accordingly, this sliding layer can then be replaced for assembly or during assembly with a sliding layer with a reduced coefficient of friction in order to achieve the described advantages, particularly for rail pulling and operating conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, in a further embodiment of the present invention, it is preferably provided that the sliding layer has recesses and / or perforations. This advantageously further reduces the material required for the sliding layer.

[0013] According to one aspect of the invention, the sliding layer is connected to at least one angled guide plate and / or a sleeper screw in the assembled state, preferably fixed or clamped between two angled guide plates. This advantageously makes it possible to create a positive and / or non-positive connection between the sliding layer and the intermediate layer or the sleeper, thereby reducing the likelihood of the sliding layer being accidentally shifted during assembly of the rail to the sleeper. Preferably, the sliding layer is clamped between the two or between two angled guide plates and / or sleeper screws. In this case, the sliding layer extends, for example, from one angled guide plate to the other. In particular, the sliding layer projects beyond the intermediate layer in the transverse direction of the rail in such a way that the angled guide plate and / or sleeper screw can be used for connection orcan be used to fix the sliding layer.

[0014] It is also conceivable that, in the assembled state, the sliding layer is arranged within a recess in the intermediate layer, i.e., embedded in the intermediate layer. Thus, the intermediate layer supports the fixation of the sliding layer. Preferably, the sliding layer and the intermediate layer are connected to the angle guide plate and / or the sleeper screw in the assembled state.

[0015] According to the invention, the sliding layer comprises a first fixing section and / or a second fixing section for fixing the sliding layer against displacement along the longitudinal and / or transverse rail directions. The first fixing section and / or the second fixing section is formed as an opening on, for example, a strip-shaped sliding layer, designed to fix the sliding layer to the sleeper with a fastening means for the angled guide plate. However, it is also conceivable that, for example, a strip-shaped sliding layer is dimensioned such that it can be at least partially folded over an edge of the intermediate layer.

[0016] In other words, the arranged sliding layer at least partially wraps around or encloses the intermediate layer, so that the sliding layer runs at least partially along the underside of the intermediate layer when installed or during installation of the rail on the sleeper. This allows the sliding layer to be fixed between the sleeper and the intermediate layer by appropriately clamping the end sections of the sliding layer, in particular the strip-shaped sliding layer. Such a sliding layer is comparatively easy to implement, since there is no need for correspondingly complex formations for the first fixing section and / or the second fixing section at the end sections of the strip-shaped regions or of the strip-shaped sliding layer. Instead, only appropriate dimensioning is required, which causes the sliding layer to protrude relative to the intermediate layer.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of a first thickness of the sliding layer, measured in the stacking calculation, to a second thickness of the intermediate layer, measured in the stacking direction, assumes a value between 0.01 and 0.5, preferably between 0.01 and 0.3, and particularly preferably between 0.01 and 0.15. In other words, the sliding layer comprises comparatively very thin films or layers, thereby keeping the corresponding installation space requirement for the respective sliding layer comparatively low. For example, the first thickness assumes a value between 0.05 and 3 mm.

[0018] It is preferably provided that a proportion of a top surface of the intermediate layer covered by the sliding layer in the assembled state, which faces the rail in the assembled state, to the total top surface of the intermediate layer facing the rail in the assembled state assumes a value between 0.01 and 0.99, preferably between 0.2 and 0.95. This advantageously makes it possible to leave areas on the top side of the intermediate layer free of the sliding layer, while other areas of the intermediate layer, in particular the top side, are covered. With the specified ratios, it is particularly advantageously possible to reduce the coefficient of friction such that slipping out of the intermediate layer when the rail is pulled can be completely prevented. In addition, material abrasion on the top side of the intermediate layer can be counteracted across the entire area.

[0019] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a proportion of a top surface of the intermediate layer covered by the sliding layer in the assembled state, which faces the rail in the assembled state, to the total top surface of the intermediate layer, which faces the rail in the assembled state, assumes a value between 0 and 0.2, preferably between 0 and 0.1 and particularly preferably between 0 and 0.05. This advantageously makes it possible to realize a sliding layer that provides a comparatively high coefficient of friction on the top side of the intermediate layer. Such a sliding layer is particularly advantageously suitable for transporting the system comprising a sliding layer and intermediate layer, since no displacement or an increased coefficient of friction is advantageous during transport in order to avoid displacement.

[0020] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the sliding layer, in the installed state, protrudes relative to the intermediate layer in a direction running parallel to the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of the rail. Such a projection can be used during installation of the rail fastening system on the sleeper to secure the film and / or the intermediate layer, particularly during transport. Furthermore, it is advantageously possible to use the projecting sections of the sliding layer to reorient or realign it as needed during operation, particularly without having to significantly lift the rail. Finally, the projection allows easy access to the sliding layer.

[0021] Preferably, the sliding layer is strip-shaped. Such production is comparatively simple. However, it is also conceivable for the sliding layer to have any cross-section in a plane or sectional plane running parallel to the main extension plane. In particular, the cross-section is adapted to the respective requirements. For example, the cross-section could be different for sleepers arranged in a curve of the track compared to the cross-section for sleepers that have a straight course in the longitudinal direction of the rail. This takes into account the corresponding relative movement of the rail with respect to the intermediate layer and allows the friction values to be specifically optimized.

[0022] The sliding layer is preferably made of a water-soluble polymer or comprises a water-soluble polymer or a water-soluble plastic. This simplifies rail installation, and after rail installation, the sliding layer dissolves, resulting in an increased coefficient of friction during operation. This is advantageous, for example, in the event of a rail break, as no gap would open up.

[0023] According to the invention, it is provided that the sliding layer has an opening. It is preferably provided that the intermediate layer has a cutout and / or an opening, wherein in particular the opening in the intermediate layer is offset in the stacking direction, ie in particular not congruent, to the opening in the sliding layer. Recesses are to be understood, for example, as recessed profiles on the upper side and / or underside of the intermediate layer. Openings are to be understood, in particular, as holes which penetrate through the sliding layer and / or the intermediate layer. It is also conceivable for projections to be formed in the intermediate layer, wherein the projections are distributed in particular over the intermediate layer. The projections can be evenly distributed or irregularly.For example, the sliding layer rests on the projections, and the projections are elastic, pressing the sliding layer against the rail in the area of the projections. This limits any friction between the sliding layer and the rail to the area of the projections.

[0024] It is also conceivable for projections in the intermediate layer to interact with openings, preferably shaped complementarily to the projections, in particular in a form-fitting manner in a direction parallel to the main plane of extension of the intermediate layer. This advantageously allows the position of the sliding layer relative to the intermediate layer to be fixed without additional means.

[0025] It is also conceivable for the sliding layer and the intermediate layer to be connected to each other via a type of hook-and-loop fastener. This ensures a short-term attachment of the sliding layer to the intermediate layer. At the same time, the sliding layer can be easily removed and replaced.

[0026] Another subject of the present invention is a sliding layer for the system according to the invention. According to the invention, the sliding layer is provided with an opening. The advantages and properties described for the system can be applied analogously to the sliding layer, and vice versa.

[0027] A further subject of the present invention is a method for supporting a rail on a sleeper, wherein the intermediate layer is arranged between the rail and the sleeper in the assembled state, and a sliding layer formed separately from the intermediate layer is arranged between the intermediate layer and the rail. All advantages and properties described for the system or the sliding layer can be applied analogously to the method, and vice versa.

[0028] In particular, it is intended that the separately formed intermediate layer and sliding layer are only assembled during assembly, shortly before assembly, or immediately before transport. This means that the intermediate layer is not formed together with the sliding layer or is manufactured together in a single manufacturing process. Preferably, the system comprising intermediate layer, rail, and sliding layer is essentially free of adhesive bonding agents, for example, it does not have an adhesive film. If an adhesive film is provided, it can be applied to one or both sides of the intermediate layer and / or the sliding layer, or it can be applied to the sleeper immediately before assembly or during assembly of the rail.

[0029] Preferably, the sliding layer is applied or placed on the intermediate layer during assembly of a rail to a sleeper. For example, it is conceivable that the sliding layer is selected or designed during assembly in such a way that it reduces the coefficient of friction of the system comprising the sliding layer and intermediate layer. It is particularly preferred that such systems, or the application of the sliding layer during assembly, be intended for processes in which the track system is laid fully automatically. This proves to be particularly advantageous because interrupting the fully automated process during rail assembly due to the intermediate layer slipping out would interrupt the entire manufacturing process of the rail system or track system. This entails considerable effort and corresponding costs and loss of time.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, the sliding layer is at least partially, preferably exclusively in certain areas or at specific points, firmly bonded to the intermediate layer, for example, using a suitable adhesive film. This allows for additional fixation during installation of the intermediate layer and the rail on the sleeper.

[0031] It is also conceivable that the intermediate layer is installed on the sleeper with a pre-assembled sliding layer, i.e. there is an intermediate step in which the sliding layer is connected to the intermediate layer.

[0032] Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention with reference to the accompanying figures. It shows: Fig. 1: a system for supporting a rail according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2a system for supporting a rail according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 a system for supporting a rail according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 4 an alternative system for supporting a rail, Fig. 5 another alternative system for supporting a rail, Fig. 6 another alternative system for supporting a rail, Fig. 7 another alternative system for supporting a rail, Fig. 8 another alternative system for supporting a rail, Fig. 9 another alternative system for supporting a rail, Fig. 10a-10c a method for supporting a rail according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0033] In Figure 1a system 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The system 1 serves in particular to mount a rail (not shown) on a sleeper 30. An essential component of the system 1 is an intermediate layer 10, which is arranged between the sleeper 30 and the rail in order to elastically decouple the rail and the sleeper 30 from one another. Such a damping intermediate layer 10 is preferably made of a rubber material, which ensures the appropriate damping or decoupling between the rail and the sleeper 30. In the assembled state, the intermediate layer 10 extends preferably in the longitudinal direction LR of the rail completely over an extension of the railway sleeper 30 in the same direction. Furthermore, it is provided that the assembled intermediate layer 10 is arranged between two angled guide plates 40 along a transverse direction QR of the rail.By means of the angled guide plate 40 and / or the rail clamp 41, the rail, in particular a rail foot, is fixed to the sleeper 30 by clamping the rail to the sleeper 30 using the angled guide plate 40 and / or the rail clamp 41. The intermediate layer 10 is preferably designed as a flat product whose general shape extends along a main extension plane. The intermediate layer 10 has projections 12 on its end faces, viewed in the rail longitudinal direction LR, which protrude in particular in a direction perpendicular to the main extension plane relative to the flatly shaped base body of the intermediate layer 10, in particular on the underside of the intermediate layer 10. Such projections 12 serve in particular to ensure positive engagement with the sleeper 30 along the rail longitudinal direction LR.In the assembled state, the projections 12 overlap the edges of the sleeper 30 and thus ensure that the intermediate layer 10 is fixed in the longitudinal rail direction LR. The intermediate layer 10 further comprises web elements 11 which protrude from the main body of the intermediate layer 10 in the direction of the transverse rail direction QR, preferably on both sides. The web elements 11 preferably extend only partially over the full length of the intermediate layer 10 in the direction of the longitudinal rail direction LR. In particular, it is provided that the web elements 11 have a thickness that is less than the thickness of the main body or the central region of the intermediate layer 10, so that a stepped profile is formed on the edge side of the rail intermediate layer 10 in the transverse rail direction QR.In particular, the web elements 11 serve to interact with correspondingly shaped side surfaces of the angle guide plate 40, so that the intermediate layer 10 and the angle guide plate 40 interact in a form-fitting manner along a direction running perpendicular to the main extension plane, so that an additional fixation of the intermediate layer 10 with the angle guide plate 40 is possible.

[0034] Here it has been found that the intermediate layer 10 has to be guided through the projections 12 or 13 before the final assembly by means of the angle guide plates 40.

[0035] Beads on the underside of the intermediate layer 10 are often not sufficiently protected against being pulled out of a gap between the rail and the sleeper 30 during rail pulling. The so-called rail pulling relates to pre-tensioning before the final welding or fixing of the rail to the sleeper 30, during which the rail is displaced in particular along the rail longitudinal direction LR. The pulled rail then interacts with the upper side OS of the intermediate layer 10 in such a way that it may accidentally or unintentionally pull the intermediate layer 10 out of the gap between the rail and sleeper 30. To prevent this, it is provided that a sliding layer 20 is arranged on the upper side OS of the intermediate layer 10. In particular, the sliding layer 20 is arranged between the intermediate layer 10 and the rail in a stacking direction running perpendicular to the main extension.The sliding layer 20 is characterized in particular by the fact that it is formed separately from the intermediate layer 10, i.e., in particular or preferably, it is only placed on the intermediate layer 10 without a material-to-material bond, in particular a complete or comprehensive material-to-material bond, being realized between the intermediate layer 10 and the sliding layer 20. It is conceivable that the sliding layer 20 is connected to the intermediate layer 10 at specific points via spaced adhesive points. In particular, the sliding layer 20 is a film or a film-like material whose first thickness, measured in the stacking direction, assumes a value between 0.05 and 2.0 mm.Preferably, the first thickness of the sliding layer 20, measured in the stacking direction, assumes a value such that the ratio of the first thickness to a second thickness of the intermediate layer 10, measured in the stacking direction, assumes a value between 0.01 and 0.5, preferably between 0.01 and 0.3, and particularly preferably between 0.01 and 0.15. In other words, the sliding layer 20 is designed as a comparatively thin film. In particular, the sliding layer 20 is only applied to the intermediate layer 10 during assembly. By applying the sliding layer 20 to the intermediate layer 10, it is advantageously possible to reduce a coefficient of friction of the system 1 comprising the sliding layer 20 and the intermediate layer 10 in such a way that, for example, when pulling the rail, the probability that the rail moving in the longitudinal direction LR of the rail will pull the intermediate layer 10 along with it is reduced.In addition, it is advantageously possible to suppress friction-related material abrasion on the upper side OS of the intermediate layer 10, which would otherwise have a negative impact on the service life of the intermediate layer 10. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the reduced friction value of the sliding layer 20 of the rail makes it possible to slide relative to the intermediate layer 10 without significant friction occurring between the intermediate layer 10 and the rail.

[0036] In the Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the sliding layer 20 is shaped such that it has a strip-shaped section which extends substantially along the rail transverse direction QR and at the ends of which a first fixing section 21 and a second fixing section 22 are provided. The first fixing section 21 and the second fixing section 22 are provided with openings such that they can be fixed by means of a fastening means, which is used, for example, by the angled guide plate 40 and / or sleeper screw 42 to fix it to the sleeper 30. This enables a positive fixing of the sliding layer 20 along the rail longitudinal direction LR to be brought about, which prevents accidental displacement of the sliding layer 20 during assembly. Furthermore, it is provided that the sliding layer 20 has curved orhas circular bulges, which extend in particular from the strip-shaped section along the rail longitudinal direction LR, projecting therefrom. In particular, it is provided that the sliding layer 20 extends in the rail longitudinal direction LR at least almost over the full length of the intermediate layer 10 in the rail longitudinal direction LR. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that, in the assembled state, the system 1 is configured such that, on an upper side OS of the rail intermediate layer 10, partial areas remain free of the sliding layer 20, i.e., remain uncovered. The exposed areas are preferably the corner areas of the intermediate layer 10.

[0037] In general, the sliding layer can have any recesses to further reduce the material requirement.

[0038] In Figure 2A system 1 according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The embodiment in Figure 2 essentially corresponds to that of Figure 1 . It differs only in that the design of the Figure 2 the sliding layer 20 has only a strip-shaped section between the first fixing section 21 and the second fixing section 22. In other words, the sliding layer 20 is free of additional circular or curved formations extending in the rail longitudinal direction LR.

[0039] In Figure 3 A system 1 according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3The sliding layer 20 shown is characterized in that it forms a comparatively narrow, strip-shaped section as viewed in the rail longitudinal direction LR. In particular, it is provided that the width of the strip-shaped section of the sliding layer 20, measured in the rail longitudinal direction LR, is smaller than the width of the first fixing section 21 or the second fixing section 22, measured in the same direction. Accordingly, a comparatively very narrow, strip-shaped section can be realized for the sliding layer 20. Such a sliding layer 20 causes an increased effective coefficient of friction between the rail and the intermediate layer 10, which can be advantageous, for example, during transport of the system 1.

[0040] In Figure 4 An alternative system 1 is shown. In contrast to the embodiments of the Figures 1 to 3 it is in the system of Figure 4Essentially, it is provided that the sliding layer 20 is shaped in such a way, in particular is dimensioned so long that it can be placed around the intermediate layer 10. This means that the intermediate layer 10 engages around the web elements 11 of the intermediate layer 10 in the assembled state and, in particular, also extends along an underside of the intermediate layer 10 in the assembled state, so that the end regions of the strip-shaped partial section that are clamped in the assembled state form the first fixing section 21 and the second fixing section 22, respectively. This advantageously makes it possible to fix the sliding layer 20, in particular the strip-shaped sliding layer 20, in a force-fitting or friction-fitting manner during the assembly of the rail to the sleeper 30.

[0041] In Figure 5 Another alternative system 1 is shown. In particular, it is intended that the system of Figure 5 essentially corresponds to that of the Figure 4, whereby the system of Figure 5 compared to the system of Figure 4only differs in that the strip-shaped section of the sliding layer 20 extends along the rail longitudinal direction LR. The sliding layer 20 folded over the intermediate layer 10 then surrounds or encloses the projections 12 on the underside of the intermediate layer 10 in the assembled state. This allows a particularly preferred stable fixation of the sliding layer 20 to be achieved. In addition, the alignment in the rail longitudinal direction LR of the strip-shaped section of the sliding layer 20 is advantageous because it provides a reduced coefficient of friction in the direction of the rail longitudinal direction LR over the entire length or width of the intermediate layer 10, which is advantageous for rail pulling. The areas with increased coefficients of friction of the intermediate layer 10, ieThose areas which remain free of the sliding layer 20 thus also extend in a corresponding manner in the longitudinal direction LR of the rail and in particular counteract slipping of the rail along a transverse direction QR relative to the sleeper 30 during a rail break.

[0042] In Figure 6 Another alternative system 1 is shown. The system of Figure 6 compared to that of Figure 5 merely in the sense that, instead of a single strip-shaped section, two strip-shaped sections are formed as the sliding layer 20. In particular, it is provided that the two strip-shaped sections are arranged on opposite edge regions of the intermediate layer 10, as seen in the rail transverse direction QR, in particular in the edge regions of the intermediate layer 10 that extend along the rail longitudinal direction LR.

[0043] In Figure 7Another alternative system 1 is shown in accordance with the following. The sliding layer differs from the system of Figure 7 to those from the previous Figures 1 to 6 in that the sliding layer 20 is not strip-shaped, but has an oval shape. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the sliding layer 20 to have a circular, diamond-shaped, triangular, and / or polygonal cross-section in a plane running parallel to the main extension plane. Furthermore, it is conceivable to arrange a second diagonally running strip, for example, in a cross-shaped manner, on the intermediate layer and / or to use a cross-shaped sliding layer.

[0044] In Figure 8 Another alternative system 1 is shown. The system of Figure 8in that the sliding layer 20, in particular in the form of a strip-shaped sliding layer 20, is dimensioned such that, in the assembled state, it protrudes beyond the end faces of the intermediate layer 10 as seen in the longitudinal direction LR of the rail. This allows for easy displacement or even removal of the sliding layer 20 after assembly or mounting of the rail on the sleeper 30.

[0045] In Figure 9 Another alternative system 1 is shown. In the system shown, it is provided, in particular, that the sliding layer 20, in particular a strip-shaped one, extends obliquely to the longitudinal direction LR of the rail. In particular, the sliding layer 20 runs diagonally across the intermediate layer 10. This allows, in particular, a homogeneously distributed improvement in the friction coefficients, as seen in the transverse direction QR of the rail, to be achieved without the need for complete coverage of the upper side OS of the intermediate layer 10.

[0046] In the Figures 10a to 10c A method for assembling the system 1 according to a preferred embodiment is shown. In particular, it is provided that in a first step ( Figure 10a ) the sliding layer 20 is arranged on an upper side OS of the intermediate layer 10. Figure 10bshows that in a subsequent step, the system 1 comprising sliding layer 20 and intermediate layer 10 is arranged on a sleeper 30, in particular in such a way that the projections 12 of the intermediate layer 10 interact in a form-fitting manner with edges of the sleeper 30 in the longitudinal direction LR of the rail, preferably in that these projections 12 overlap the edges of the sleeper 30. Furthermore, it is provided that the sliding layer 20 is arranged on the intermediate layer 10 in such a way that the first fixing sections 21 and second fixing sections 22 are arranged via corresponding recesses or bores in the sleeper 30 and that a corresponding fastening element, for example a screw or a bolt, can pass through the first fixing section 21 and the second fixing section 22 and engage in the corresponding recess or bore of the railway sleeper 30. It is also possible for the film to be clamped only by the angled guide plate 40.In the last step, which is in . Figure 10c As shown, the intermediate layer 10 is fixed together with the separately provided sliding layer 20 to the railway sleeper 30, in particular by fastening means being introduced through the first and second fixing sections 21, 22 into the corresponding recess on the railway sleeper 30. Reference symbol:

[0047] 1System 10Intermediate layer 11Web element 12Protrusion 20Sliding layer 30Sleeper 40Angle guide plate 41Rail clamp 42Sleeper screw 21First fixing section 22Second fixing section LRLongitudinal rail direction QRTransverse rail direction OSTop side

Claims

1. System (1) for mounting a rail on a sleeper (30), comprising - a rail, - at least one angle guide plate (40) and / or at least one sleeper screw (42), - an intermediate layer (10), in particular a soft intermediate layer (10), and - a sliding layer (20), wherein the sliding layer (20) is formed separately from the intermediate layer (10) and in the assembled state is arranged along a stacking direction between the intermediate layer (10) and the rail, characterized in that the sliding layer (20) in the assembled state is fixed to the at least one angle guide plate (40) and / or to the at least one sleeper screw (42), preferably fixed between the two angle guide plates (40) and / or the sleeper screws (42).

2. System (1) according to claim 1, wherein the sliding layer is formed from a fabric and / or a plastic film.

3. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding layer (10) comprises a first fixing section (21) and / or a second fixing section (22) for fixing the sliding layer (20) against displacement along a longitudinal rail direction (LR) and / or a transverse rail direction (QR).

4. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a ratio of a first thickness of the sliding layer (20) dimensioned in the stacking direction to a second thickness of the intermediate layer (10) dimensioned in the stacking direction has a value between 0.01 and 0.5, preferably between 0.01 and 0.3 and particularly preferably between 0.01 and 0.1.

5. System (1) according to claim 4, wherein the first thickness has a value between 0.05 and 0.3 mm.

6. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a proportion of an upper side surface of the intermediate layer (10), which is covered by the sliding layer (20) in the mounted state and faces the rail in the mounted state, to the entire upper side surface of the intermediate layer (10), which faces the rail in the mounted state, has a value between 0.1 and 0.99, preferably between 0.2 and 0.95 or even 0.5 and 0.95.

7. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a proportion of an upper side surface of the intermediate layer (10), which is covered by the sliding layer (20) in the mounted state and which faces the rail in the mounted state, to the entire upper side surface of the intermediate layer (10), which faces the rail in the mounted state, has a value between 0 and 0.2, preferably between 0 and 0.1 and particularly preferably between 0 and 0.05.

8. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding layer (20) in the assembled state protrudes in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction (LR) of the rail and / or a transverse rail direction (QR) of the rail with respect to the intermediate layer (10).

9. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding layer (20) is in the form of a strip.

10. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein intermediate layers (10) have a Shore A hardness of less than 95, preferably less than 90 and particularly preferably less than 85.

11. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding layer (20) and / or the intermediate layer (10) has a recess and / or an opening, wherein in particular the recess and / or opening in the intermediate layer (10) is arranged offset to the opening and / or recess in the sliding layer (20) as seen in the stacking direction.

12. Method for mounting a rail on a sleeper (30), an intermediate layer (10) being arranged between the rail and the sleeper (30) in the assembled state and a sliding layer (20) formed separately from the intermediate layer (10) being arranged between the intermediate layer (10) and the rail, the sliding layer (20) being attached to at least one angled guide plate (40) and / or to at least one sleeper screw (42), preferably being fixed between two angled guide plates (40) and / or sleeper screws (42).

13. Method according to claim 12, wherein the sliding layer (20) is applied to the intermediate layer (10) when a rail is mounted on a sleeper (30).

14. Method according to claim 13, wherein the sliding layer (20) is bonded to the intermediate layer (10) at least partially, preferably exclusively in certain areas, in a materially bonding manner.

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