Procedure to manufacture a expanding and / or partially fragmenting bullet and expanding and / or partially fragmenting bullet manufactured according to said procedure

Abstract

The invention relates to an expanding and / or partially fragmenting bullet (1) comprising a jacket (3) and a two-part core arranged inside the jacket and having a bullet-point core part (31) and a bullet-base core part (9), the core being attached to the jacket such that the bullet-base core part is attached more firmly to the jacket than the bullet-point core part.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile and to deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles manufactured by the method.

[0002] Bullets are typically made of relatively soft lead encased in a harder material, such as copper or a copper alloy like tombac. The lead gives the bullet its high specific gravity, crucial for its ballistic performance. The bullet jacket protects the rifle barrel from lead fouling and allows for higher muzzle velocities, as the harder outer layer enables the bullet to follow the rifling of the rifle barrel, imparting its spin, even at high speeds.

[0003] With semi-jacketed or fragmenting bullets, the core at the nose of the bullet is not enclosed by jacket material and is exposed. Upon impact with a target, the bullet tip deforms due to the high pressure of impact and penetration. For example, the bullet may mushroom out or at least partially deform. This allows the bullet to transfer its energy to the target much more effectively than a full metal jacket bullet, where the jacket completely surrounds the core, but it has lower penetration power. Such bullets are primarily used for hunting because, when shot ethically, their efficient energy transfer within the animal's body leads to a faster and more reliable death than full metal jacket bullets. Fragmenting bullets are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner, leaving only a defined remaining core.The suction effect of the remaining bullet body ensures that the fragments of the front, disintegrated core largely leave the target. Expanding bullets mushroom upon impact and retain their mass. They are generally designed to lose very little weight upon impact. The effect is primarily achieved through the cross-sectional increase of the uniformly expanding bullet and its consistent weight.

[0004] For example, DE 10 2015 001 559 A1 discloses a lead-free fragmenting bullet. The bullet has a substantially hollow cylindrical jacket into which a two-part core is pressed. All lead-free, injectable materials are proposed as core materials, such as tin, zinc, or granules. A disadvantage of such a fragmenting bullet is that the lead-free bullets do not exhibit the same performance as lead-containing bullets. In particular, the tin material used tends to fracture upon impact with the target, leaving no deformed fragment. Furthermore, pressing the core into the bullet jacket does not fulfill the desired function, especially the required durable, strong bond between the jacket and core. Upon impact, there is a risk that the pressed core will detach from the jacket, leaving no deformed fragment.

[0005] US 2012 / 067245 A1 discloses a projectile with a jacket having a rear section and a front section with an open front end; a rear core located in and connected to the rear section of the jacket; and a front core that is separate from the rear core and located in the front section of the jacket next to the open front end.

[0006] DE 10 2013 019 073 A1 relates to a projectile with a projectile base, an adjacent cylindrical rear section and a front section designed as an ogive, and the projectile has one or two projectile cores and a projectile jacket.

[0007] DE 10 2015 001559 A1 relates to a lead-free partial fragmentation projectile consisting of a projectile jacket (1), a tail core pressed therein and a nose core pressed into the ogive area, wherein the nose core sits on the tail core.

[0008] US 2019 / 017789 A1 discloses a firearm projectile having a core extending along a central axis from a base section to a tip section, wherein the base section generally has a cylindrical shape and the tip section comprises an ogive shape.

[0009] US 5,641,937 A describes a soft-pointed bullet with a bonded lead core for rifles and pistols, and a method for manufacturing the bullets.

[0010] The object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the known prior art, in particular to improve a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile and a manufacturing method for a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile in such a way that its deformation and / or fragmentation upon impact with a target leaves behind a defined, deformed residual body.

[0011] This problem is solved by the features of independent claim 1.

[0012] A method for manufacturing a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile is then provided, defined by the steps listed in claim 1.

[0013] Furthermore, expanding and / or fragmenting projectiles, such as hunting bullets, are provided, manufactured according to the inventive method. Fragmenting projectiles are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner upon impact with a target, leaving a defined residual fragment. Expanding projectiles typically exhibit a mass-stable, controlled deformation.

[0014] The expanding and / or fragmenting projectile comprises a jacket. The jacket can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical, in particular essentially cylindrical, hollow body, open at one end. Suitable materials for the jacket include metals, especially hard metals such as copper or copper alloys, for example, tombac. The jacket can, for example, have a preferably circumferential tear-off edge on its outer circumference, which may be located approximately at the transition between the nose-side ogive and the tail of the projectile. Upon impact of the projectile with a target, the tear-off edge can facilitate the deformation and / or fragmentation of the jacket in the region of the ogive up to the tear-off edge. Furthermore, it can be provided that the nose-side ogive of the jacket is torn away from the tail of the projectile along the tear-off edge upon impact with a target.The tear-off edge can, for example, be oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and furthermore serve to determine the deformation and / or fragmentation behavior of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile, in particular to limit deformation and / or fragmentation of the projectile.

[0015] The expanding and / or fragmenting projectile further comprises a two-part core arranged within the jacket, with a nose-side core part and a tail-side core part. In particular, in a fragmenting projectile according to the invention, the nose-side core part is arranged in the jacket, or dimensioned, such that a nose-side core tip of the nose-side core part projects from the jacket and / or is not surrounded by a jacket. Both the tail-side core part and the nose-side core part can be in contact with an inner circumference of the jacket completely around their entire outer surface. Furthermore, the core parts can be arranged in the jacket such that the tail-side core part rests on a tail-side base of the jacket and / or that the nose-side core part, in particular, rests fully on the tail-side core part.For example, a dividing plane between the projectile's tail-side core section and the projectile's nose-side core section is formed by an end face of each core section, in particular a nose-side end face of the projectile's tail-side core section and a tail-side end face of the projectile's nose-side core section. The dividing plane between the projectile's tail-side and nose-side core sections can, for example, be conical and oriented towards the projectile's tail, i.e., extending conically from the inner circumference of the jacket towards the projectile's tail to a cone apex that lies, for example, on a rotational axis of the jacket. It has been found that, in deformation and / or fragmentation projectiles of this type, the separation edge must be located in the region of the dividing plane between the core sections. This means that the axial position of the separation edge on the projectile jacket with respect to the axial position orThe axial extent of the separation plane between the core components can be tailored to the dimensions of the core components. For example, the separation edge lies between the beginning of the conical separation plane located on the inner circumference of the jacket and an end of the separation plane at the rear of the projectile, which forms the apex of the cone. It has been found that such positioning of the separation edge relative to the separation plane between the core components leads to reliable deformation and / or partial fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with a target.

[0016] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the core is attached to the jacket such that the core portion at the rear of the projectile is more strongly attached to the jacket than the core portion at the nose of the projectile. It has been found that the less strong attachment of the core portion at the nose of the projectile to the jacket ensures reliable separation of the nose-side projectile section, in particular the core portion at the nose of the projectile and / or the ogive section of the jacket surrounding the core portion at the nose of the projectile, upon impact of the projectile with a target. The stronger attachment of the core portion at the rear of the projectile reinforces the connection orThe attachment of the projectile's rear core section to the jacket ensures that the rear core section does not detach from the jacket upon impact with the target, thus leaving a defined projectile remnant capable of effective energy transfer. Surprisingly, it has been found that the inventive measure of more strongly attaching the rear core section to the jacket compared to the nose core section eliminates the need for additional, particularly structural, measures to improve the connection between the rear core section and the jacket. For example, it is not necessary to incorporate a circumferential retaining groove on the jacket, as provided in the prior art, which projects inwards towards the core section relative to the rest of the jacket to positively lock it in place.This also creates a more cost-effective and easier-to-implement manufacturing process for deformation and / or fragmentation projectiles.

[0017] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the core part at the nose of the projectile is attached to the jacket in such a way that, upon impact of the projectile on a target, the core part at the nose can detach from the jacket. Furthermore, the core part at the tail of the projectile can be attached to the jacket in such a way that, upon impact of the projectile on a target, the core part at the tail remains attached to the jacket. It has been found that for reliable deformation and / or partial fragmentation of projectiles of this type, it may be necessary for the core part at the nose of the projectile to detach substantially completely, possibly together with the jacket portion surrounding the core part at the nose of the projectile, from the rest, in particular from the jacket portion at the tail of the projectile and from the core part at the tail of the projectile, while it may be advantageous for the core part at the tail of the projectile and, if applicable,The rear-side jacket part should adhere to each other, particularly to form a defined residual body.

[0018] In In an exemplary further embodiment of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention, the core part at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket at least 5% more strongly than the core part at the nose of the projectile. Preferably, the core part at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket at least 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or at least 30% more strongly than the core part at the nose of the projectile. In Further training may stipulate that the core part on the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket with a strength of at least 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 80% or at least 100%.

[0019] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the core section at the rear of the projectile is made of lead. Alternatively, the core section at the rear of the projectile can also be made of tin, zinc, or alloys thereof. Furthermore, the core section at the nose of the projectile can be made of lead and / or tin or alloys thereof. Zinc is also a conceivable material. It has been found that lead is particularly advantageous with regard to the performance of the expanding and / or fragmenting projectiles according to the invention.

[0020] According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a expanding and / or fragmenting projectile, such as a hunting bullet, is provided. Fragmenting projectiles are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner upon impact with a target, leaving a defined residual fragment. Expanding projectiles typically exhibit a mass-stable, controlled deformation.

[0021] The expanding and / or fragmenting projectile comprises a jacket. The jacket can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical, in particular essentially cylindrical, hollow body, open at one end. Suitable materials for the jacket include metals, especially hard metals such as copper or copper alloys, for example, tombac. The jacket can, for example, have a preferably circumferential tear-off edge on its outer circumference, which may be located approximately at the transition between the nose-side ogive and the tail of the projectile. Upon impact of the projectile with a target, the tear-off edge can facilitate the deformation and / or fragmentation of the jacket in the region of the ogive up to the tear-off edge. Furthermore, it can be provided that the nose-side ogive of the jacket is torn away from the tail of the projectile along the tear-off edge upon impact with a target.The tear-off edge can, for example, be oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and furthermore serve to determine the deformation and / or fragmentation behavior of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile, in particular to limit deformation and / or fragmentation of the projectile.

[0022] The expanding and / or fragmenting projectile further comprises a two-part core arranged within and attached to the jacket, with a core part at the nose and a core part at the tail. In particular, in a fragmenting projectile according to the invention, the core part at the nose is arranged in the jacket, or dimensioned, such that a nose-side core tip of the core part protrudes from the jacket and / or is not surrounded by a jacket. Both the tail-side core and the nose-side core can be in contact with an inner circumference of the jacket completely around their entire outer surface.Furthermore, the core parts can be arranged in the jacket such that the core part at the rear of the projectile rests on a rear-facing base of the jacket and / or that the core part at the nose of the projectile rests, in particular, over its entire surface, on the core part at the rear of the projectile. For example, a separating plane between the core part at the rear of the projectile and the core part at the nose of the projectile is formed by an end face of each core part, in particular a nose-facing end face of the core part at the rear of the projectile and a nose-facing end face of the core part at the nose of the projectile. The separating plane between the core part at the rear of the projectile and the core part at the nose of the projectile can, for example, be conical and oriented towards the rear of the projectile, i.e., extending conically from the inner circumference of the jacket towards the rear of the projectile to a cone apex, which, for example, lies on an axis of rotation of the jacket.It has been found that, for deformation and / or fragmentation projectiles of this type, the separation edge should be positioned in the region of the interface between the core components. This means that the axial position of the separation edge on the projectile jacket, relative to the axial position or extent of the interface between the core components, can be aligned with the dimensions of the core components. For example, the separation edge lies between the beginning of the conical interface located on the inner circumference of the jacket and the end of the interface at the rear of the projectile, which forms the apex of the cone. It has been found that such positioning of the separation edge relative to the interface between the core components leads to reliable deformation and / or fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with a target.

[0023] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a connection technique for attaching the nose-end core part to the jacket differs at least partially from a connection technique for attaching the tail-end core part to the jacket. This means that the connection technique for attaching the core parts to the jacket need not necessarily differ along the entire connection area of ​​the respective projectile core with respect to the projectile jacket. For example, the connection technique differs at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or preferably 100%, with respect to a total core outer surface available for connection to the jacket.

[0024] According to the present invention, it has been found that the reliable function of the expanding and / or fragmenting projectile is ensured by applying different joining techniques. In particular, controlled, defined expansion and / or fragmentation of the projectile is ensured, and it is specifically ensured that the different joining techniques react differently upon impact of the projectile on the target, and in particular, withstand such impacts. Joining techniques are generally defined as the constructive methods of connecting individual components.Joining techniques can be divided, for example, into detachable and non-detachable connections, whereby a connection is generally considered detachable if it can be undone without damaging the individual components, and non-detachable if removing the individual components from each other, i.e., breaking the connection between the individual components, results in the destruction of at least one of the individual components.

[0025] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the connection technology for attaching the core part at the rear of the projectile to the jacket and the connection technology for attaching the core part at the nose of the projectile to the jacket are based, at least in sections, on different physical principles. The connection technologies can also be subdivided according to physical principles, namely into positive locking, frictional locking, and material-bonded connections, or combinations thereof. A positive locking connection is generally defined as a connection in which at least two connecting partners interlock. A frictional locking connection is based on a normal force existing between the surfaces of the connecting partners to be joined. Material-bonded connections are characterized by the fact that the connecting partners are held together by atomic or molecular forces.In the deformation and / or fragmentation projectile according to the invention, the core section at the rear of the projectile is bonded to the jacket. In particular, the core section at the rear of the projectile forms a non-removable connection with the jacket. Furthermore, the core section at the nose of the projectile can be bonded to the jacket by positive locking and / or frictional locking. In particular, bonding the core section at the rear of the projectile to the jacket by material ensures that it remains adhered to the jacket after the projectile impacts the target, and / or bonding the core section at the nose of the projectile to the jacket by positive locking and / or frictional locking ensures that, upon impact of the projectile, the core section at the nose of the projectile can detach from the jacket, or that the ogive section of the jacket at the nose of the projectile can detach from the core section at the nose of the projectile, particularly after tearing along the tear-off edge.

[0026] In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the core portion at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket by means of soldering or diffusion soldering. Diffusion soldering and soldering are thermal processes for the metallurgical joining of metal components. In diffusion soldering, diffusion, i.e., mixing, occurs at the interfaces between the projectile jacket and core to be joined, while in soldering, the soldered joint is created by melting a solder. For the purposes of the present invention, soldering and diffusion soldering have proven particularly advantageous with regard to precision and reliability.

[0027] In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an outer circumferential surface of the core part facing the jacket, located at the rear of the projectile, is joined to an inner surface of the jacket by a material bond, preferably by soldering and / or welding and / or bonding. According to an exemplary further development, the outer circumferential surface is joined to the inner surface of the jacket by a material bond over more than 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or preferably 100% of the total outer circumferential surface of the core part at the rear of the projectile. It should be understood that increasing the areas of the core part and jacket to be joined by a material bond strengthens the connection between the core part and the jacket. According to the present invention, this can be varied depending on the respective application area of ​​the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention or depending on the materials used.be hired.

[0028] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the core part on the nose of the projectile is frictionally attached to the jacket. This is particularly easy to manufacture. For example, the core part on the nose of the projectile is pressed into the jacket and / or clamped in the jacket. It can be provided that the core part on the nose of the projectile is attached to the jacket by forming an interference fit. Furthermore, a radial interference between the core part on the nose of the projectile and the jacket can preferably be provided in the range of 0.001 mm to 0.01 mm.

[0029] According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile is provided, such as a hunting bullet. Partial fragmentation projectiles are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner upon impact with a target, leaving a defined residual body. Deformation projectiles typically exhibit a mass-stable, controlled deformation.

[0030] The expanding and / or fragmenting projectile comprises a jacket. The jacket can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical, in particular essentially cylindrical, hollow body, open at one end. Suitable materials for the jacket include metals, especially hard metals such as copper or copper alloys, for example, tombac. The jacket can, for example, have a preferably circumferential tear-off edge on its outer circumference, which may be located approximately at the transition between the nose-side ogive and the tail of the projectile. Upon impact of the projectile with a target, the tear-off edge can facilitate the deformation and / or fragmentation of the jacket in the region of the ogive up to the tear-off edge. Furthermore, it can be provided that the nose-side ogive of the jacket is torn away from the tail of the projectile along the tear-off edge upon impact with a target.The tear-off edge can, for example, be oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and furthermore serve to determine the deformation and / or fragmentation behavior of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile, in particular to limit deformation and / or fragmentation of the projectile.

[0031] The expanding and / or fragmenting projectile further comprises a two-part core arranged within the jacket, with a nose-side core part and a tail-side core part. In particular, in a fragmenting projectile according to the invention, the nose-side core part is arranged in the jacket, or dimensioned, such that a nose-side core tip of the nose-side core part projects from the jacket and / or is not surrounded by a jacket. Both the tail-side core part and the nose-side core part can be in contact with an inner circumference of the jacket completely around their entire outer surface. Furthermore, the core parts can be arranged in the jacket such that the tail-side core part rests on a tail-side base of the jacket and / or that the nose-side core part, in particular, rests fully on the tail-side core part.For example, a dividing plane between the projectile's tail-side core section and the projectile's nose-side core section is formed by an end face of each core section, in particular a nose-side end face of the projectile's tail-side core section and a tail-side end face of the projectile's nose-side core section. The dividing plane between the projectile's tail-side and nose-side core sections can, for example, be conical and oriented towards the projectile's tail, i.e., extending conically from the inner circumference of the jacket towards the projectile's tail to a cone apex that lies, for example, on a rotational axis of the jacket. It has been found that, in deformation and / or fragmentation projectiles of this type, the separation edge must be located in the region of the dividing plane between the core sections. This means that the axial position of the separation edge on the projectile jacket with respect to the axial position orThe axial extent of the separation plane between the core parts can be coordinated with the dimensions of the core parts. For example, the separation edge lies between a starting point of the conical separation plane located on the inner circumference of the jacket and an end of the separation plane at the rear of the projectile, which forms the apex of the cone. It has been found that such positioning of the separation edge with respect to the separation plane between the core parts leads to reliable deformation and / or partial fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with a target. The two-part core can be made, for example, of lead and / or tin and / or zinc and / or alloys thereof.

[0032] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a core section at the rear of the projectile is soldered to the adjacent jacket, and a core section at the nose of the projectile is essentially unsoldered with respect to the surrounding jacket, particularly with respect to the ogive section, preferably pressed in. According to the invention, this ensures the function of the expanding and / or fragmenting projectile, in particular reliable expansion and / or fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with the target. Specifically, the core section at the rear of the projectile remains adhered to the surrounding jacket section at the rear of the projectile after impact and / or after expansion and / or fragmentation of the projectile.

[0033] The method according to the invention is designed to realize the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to one of the above aspects and / or exemplary embodiments.

[0034] Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

[0035] Further properties, features and advantages of the invention will be clarified below by describing preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawings, which show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a blank of a jacket of a deformation and / or fragmentation projectile according to the invention; Fig. 2 a sectional view of the jacket according to Fig. 1 Fig. 3 shows a further perspective view of a jacket of a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention after a subsequent processing and / or manufacturing step; Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of the jacket according to Fig. 3Fig. 5 a sectional view of a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention; Fig. 6 a sectional view of another deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention; Fig. 7 a perspective view of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to Fig. 6 ; Fig. 8 a sectional view of a further embodiment of a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention; and Fig. 9 a sectional view of a further exemplary embodiment of a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention.

[0036] In the following description of exemplary embodiments of deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles according to the invention, a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile is generally designated by the reference numeral 1. In the course of describing the exemplary embodiments of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles 1 according to the invention, the inventive method for manufacturing a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention is also described schematically.

[0037] Regarding the Figures 1 to 4 Various manufacturing states of a jacket blank, designated with the reference numeral 3, for a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention are shown. With regard to the Figures 5 to 9 Exemplary embodiments of deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles according to the invention are shown 1.

[0038] In the Figures 1 and 2A rotationally symmetrical, preferably substantially cylindrical, jacket blank 3 is shown. The jacket blank 3 has a base 5 at one end face and is open towards the other end face 7. Between the end faces 5 and 7, the jacket blank 3 has a substantially constant wall thickness, which, however, preferably decreases slightly and continuously from the base 5 towards the end face 7. Fig. 1The wall thickness and a projectile core 9 arranged within the jacket blank 3 are indicated by dashed lines, showing the wall thickness profile and the core part 9 inserted into the jacket blank 3, which is made, for example, of lead, tin, zinc, or alloys thereof. The core part 9, which rests on the base 5 and forms the rear core part of the deformation and / or fragmentation projectile 1 described below according to the invention, is inserted into the jacket blank 3 by means of a thermal joining process and is attached at least partially to an inner circumference 11 of the jacket blank 3.For example, the core 9 can be attached to the jacket blank 3 as follows: a flux, i.e., an additive used in soldering to improve the wetting of the jacket blank 3 by the solder, is injected into the jacket, and then the metal material to form the core 9, for example, lead, is inserted into the metal blank 3. The core 9 is then melted, for example, by means of an induction coil, whereby the core material 9 adheres to the jacket blank 3 in a metallurgical bond. This is supported by the flux, which etches the inner circumferential surface 11 of the jacket blank 3 before the core material 9 melts. This allows a pronounced, strong intermetallic bond to form between the core 9 and the jacket blank 3. Figs. 1 and 2It can also be seen that a conical preform 15 forms on an end section 13 of the core part 9 facing away from the base 5 as a result of the fastening method of the core part 9 to the jacket blank 3 according to the invention. The conical preform 15 is formed in particular by heating the molten core part material 9 to such an extent that it begins to boil and expands, in particular by boiling up. When the core part material 9 cools to form the metallurgical bonds between the core part 9 and the jacket blank 3, the liquid core part material 9 only slides back down to a limited extent and into the interior of the jacket, since metallurgical bonds have already formed between the inner jacket circumference 11 and the outer circumference of the projectile core end section 13. In particular, the volume of the liquefied and solidifying core part material 9 shrinks, so that the core part material 9 is increasingly drawn towards the jacket circumference 11 and thus forms the conical preform 15.It can be seen that the surface of the cone preform 15 is irregular, in particular wavy and / or structured, i.e. it has irregular protrusions 17 and depressions 19.

[0039] In the Figures 3 and 4 The metal blank 3 is again according to the Figures 1 to 2 depicted, whereby the Figures 3 and 4 to a subsequent processing / manufacturing state with regard to the Figures 1 to 2 This concerns, in particular, the following: Fig. 4 It can be seen that the end section 13, in particular the conical preform 15 with the protrusions 17 and depressions 19, was machined. For example, by means of a forming step, such as a cold forming step, the irregular conical preform 15 was further processed into a regular conical depression 23 having a substantially flat surface 21. The substantially V-shaped or conical depression 23, compared to the conical preform 15 according to Fig. 2a smaller axial dimension, wherein an opening angle of the cone-forming surface 21 is larger than in Fig. 2 is.

[0040] In the Figures 5 to 9 Exemplary embodiments of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles 1 according to the invention are shown. In this description of the exemplary embodiments, the differences between the embodiments are addressed primarily to avoid repetition. Identical or similar components are designated with the same or similar reference numerals. The jacket blank 3 is produced according to... Fig. 5The projectile jacket 25 is formed, comprising a projectile tail jacket 27 adjoining the base 5 and a projectile nose section 29, shaped like an ogive, adjoining the projectile tail jacket 27. The manufacturing process is described again: a further core section 31 is inserted into the jacket blank 3 with a pre-formed core section 9 at the projectile tail and brought into essentially full-surface contact with the core section 9, which now forms the core section on the projectile core side. The core section 31 on the nose side is matched to the shape of the core section 9 on the projectile tail side. In particular, the core section 31 on the nose side has an essentially V-shaped or conical tip 33, which is shaped to fit the conical recess 23 in order to form, in particular, full-surface contact with the surface 21 of the conical recess 23. The projectile nose jacket 29 is then reshaped under heat treatment, i.e.particularly in the area of ​​the end face 7, the projectile nose jacket 29 is compressed inwards, so that it tapers increasingly towards the end face 7 to form the ogive. During the deformation of the projectile nose jacket 29, a preferably cylindrical and pointed mandrel (not shown) is inserted from the end face 7 into the core part 31 on the projectile nose side, so that, according to the figure shown in . Fig. 5 In the depicted final form of the projectile jacket 25, the core part 31 at the projectile nose has a substantially blind-hole-like recess 35. The blind-hole-like recess 35 has an inner diameter that corresponds to the diameter of the opening 37 remaining at the end face 7. Furthermore, it can be provided that the opening 37 is bounded by a circumferential, chamfered, and annular jacket end face 39, which is particularly intended for the bearing of a [missing information - likely a specific component or element] in relation to the Figures 6 to 7further core part shown, in particular a projectile core tip 41, serves.

[0041] A preferably circumferential tear-off edge 43 is arranged, firstly, in the area of ​​the cone recess 23 or the cone tip 33, and secondly, in the area of ​​the transition between the projectile tail jacket 27 and the projectile nose jacket 29. In particular, the tear-off edge 43 is located in an axial region in which the cone recess 23 extends. It has been found that this ensures the functionality of the partial fragmentation and / or expansion projectiles 1, in particular the controlled deformation and / or fragmentation of the projectiles 1 according to the invention. For example, a tapered deformation of the ogiver-shaped projectile nose section 29 begins at the tear-off edge 43. The projectile nose-side core part 31 is essentially inserted into the jacket 25 without soldering. For example, the projectile nose-side core part 31 can be pressed into the jacket 25 and / or attached to the jacket 25 by positive-locking and / or frictional connection technology.The demolition edge 43 has according to . Fig. 5 an inwardly offset step 45 and a subsequent chamfer 47, which in turn transitions into the ogive-shaped bow section 29.

[0042] In Fig. 7 The projectile core tip 41 is at least partially visible, in particular the part that protrudes from the jacket 25. The projectile core tip 41 is flattened at its end face 49. With reference to Fig. 6It can be seen that the projectile core tip 41, which is made, for example, of the same material as the projectile tail core section 9 and / or the projectile nose core section 31, has a circumferential bearing surface 51 oriented at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the projectile 1, which is shaped to fit the jacket end face 39, in particular to ensure full and / or uniform contact. The projectile core tip 41 can be inserted into the recess 35, or the projectile core tip 41 can be dimensioned with respect to a dimension of the recess 35, such that a cavity 53 results which is not occupied by the projectile core tip 41.

[0043] Regarding the Figures 8 and 9 Two further exemplary embodiments of a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention are shown, wherein Fig. 8 essentially as executed according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 9essentially as executed according to Fig. 6 This corresponds to the above. Therefore, the following will only address the differences regarding the details. In the Figures 8 and 9A preferably circumferential, curved in cross-section, particularly semicircular or semicircular, recess 57, which can also be referred to as a retaining groove, is provided on an outer circumference 55 and serves to secure the projectile's rear-end core part 9 relative to the projectile jacket 25. As already explained, according to the invention, the additional retaining groove 57 and thus also the corresponding additional manufacturing step for introducing the retaining groove 57 into the projectile jacket 25 can be omitted without compromising the controlled and / or defined deformation and / or fragmentation of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles 1 according to the invention. However, the retaining groove 57 can also prove advantageous with regard to handling, for example, during the manufacture and / or transport of the deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectiles 1 according to the invention.Furthermore, the retaining groove 57 can also provide additional fixation of the projectile's rear-end core section 9 in the projectile jacket 25 and thus serve as a type of safety device. The design according to... Fig. 9 can essentially be described as a combination of the execution according to the Figure 6 and 8 to be considered, namely with regard to the additional retaining groove 57 and the inserted projectile core tip 41.

[0044] The features disclosed in the foregoing description, figures and claims can be important for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination. Reference symbol list

[0045] 1 Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile 3 Jacket blank 5 Base 7 End face 9 Core section 11 Inner circumferential surface 13 End section 15 Cone preform 17 Raise 19 Recess 21 Cone surface 23 Cone recess 25 Jacket 27 Projectile rear jacket 29 Projectile nose jacket 31 Projectile nose end core section 33 Cone tip 35 Recess 37 Opening 39 Jacket end face 41 Projectile core tip 43 Breakaway edge 45 Shoulder 47 Chamfer 49 End face 51 Bearing surface 53 Cavity 55 Outer circumference 57 Recess

Claims

1. Method for manufacturing a deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1), comprising the following steps: - providing a rotationally symmetrical jacket blank (3) with a base (5) on an end face and an opposite open end face (7); - introducing a flux into the jacket blank (3); - introducing a metal material, for example lead, forming a projectile tail-side core part (9) into the metal blank (3); - heating, in particular melting, the metal material forming the projectile tail-side core part (9) in order to adhere the core part (9) and the jacket blank (3) to one another; - forming a conical indentation in the projectile tail-side core part (9), wherein the conical indentation is formed in the projectile tail-side core part (9) by causing the heated metal material to boil, as a result of which it expands, and, when the metal material cools down, the metal material flows back into the interior of the jacket to a certain extent, forming a conical preform (15); - forming the conical preform (15) to form a regular conical indentation (23); - introducing a projectile nose-side core part (31) into the jacket blank (3) and forming an in particular full-surface bearing contact between the projectile tail-side core part (9) and the projectile nose-side core part (31); - forming the jacket blank (3) to form a projectile nose jacket (29) which tapers increasingly in the direction of the end face (7), in particular in an ogive-shaped manner; - introducing an injection-molded mandrel from the end face (7) into the projectile nose-side core part (31) to form a blind-hole-like indentation (35) in the projectile nose-side core part (31); and - inserting a further core part (31) into the blind-hole-like indentation (35).

2. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) manufactured according to the method according to Claim 1.

3. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to Claim 2, comprising the jacket (3) and the two-part core which is arranged within the jacket (3) and has the projectile nose-side core part (31) and the projectile tail-side core part (9), wherein the core is fastened to the jacket (3) in such a way that the projectile tail-side core part (9) is fastened to the jacket (3) to a greater extent than the projectile nose-side core part (31), wherein the further core part is arranged in the blind-hole-like indentation (35) provided in the projectile nose-side core part (31).

4. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to Claim 2 or 3, wherein the projectile tail-side core part (9) is manufactured from lead and / or the projectile nose-side core part (31) is manufactured from lead and / or tin.

5. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 4, wherein a connecting technique for fastening the projectile nose-side core part (31) to the jacket (3) differs at least in sections from a connecting technique for fastening the projectile tail-side core part (9) to the jacket (3).

6. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to Claim 5, wherein the connecting technique for fastening the projectile nose-side core part (31) and the connecting technique for fastening the projectile tail-side core part (9) to the jacket (3) are based at least in sections on different physical principles of action, wherein the projectile tail-side core part (9) is fastened to the jacket (3) in an integrally bonded manner, and wherein the projectile tail-side core part (9) is fastened to the jacket (3) by means of fusion soldering or diffusion soldering.

7. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to Claim 5 or 6, wherein an outer circumferential surface, which faces the jacket (3), of the projectile tail-side core part (9) is joined to a jacket inner surface (11) in an integrally bonded manner over a large area, in particular to an extent of more than 5%, preferably to an extent of 100%, of a total outer circumferential surface of the projectile tail-side core part (9).

8. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to one of Claims 5 to 7, wherein the projectile nose-side core part (31) is fastened to the jacket (3) in a frictionally engaged manner, in particular is pressed into the jacket (3) and / or is clamped in the jacket (3), and / or is fastened to the jacket (3) with the formation of a press fit, wherein, in particular, a radial oversize between projectile nose-side core part (31) and jacket (3) lies in the range from 0.001 mm to 0.01 mm.

9. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 8, wherein the projectile nose-side core part (31) is substantially unsoldered, preferably pressed in, with respect to the surrounding jacket (3).

10. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 9, wherein the further core part is dimensioned with respect to a dimension of the indentation (35) in such a way that a cavity (53) which is not occupied by the further core part results.

11. Deformation and / or partial fragmentation projectile (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 10, wherein a nose-side opening (37) of the blind-hole-like indentation (35) is delimited by a circumferential, in particular bevelled and annular jacket end face (39), with respect to which a bearing face (51) of the further core part is matched in shape, in particular in order to bear fully and / or uniformly.

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