Firearm with an ejector

Abstract

The invention relates to a weapon with cartridge-case ejection, in particular a carbine, with a barrel (1) with a movable sliding piece (18) with a breechblock head (19), with a breech face (42), with a movable ejector (21) and with a functional edge (35), which is fixed with respect to the weapon in the direction of the barrel axis (38) and forces the ejector (21) into its ejecting position when the sliding piece (18) returns after firing a shot. To ensure that ejection always takes place uniformly, an ejector lever (28) is arranged on the sliding piece (18) such that it can pivot about a pivot axis (32) extending perpendicularly to the centre plane (44) of the weapon, and said ejector lever comes up against the functional edge (35) during the return movement of the sliding piece (18) and is thereby pivoted, and so it comes up against an abutment face (43) of the ejector (21) and forces it into the ejecting position.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a weapon with a shell ejection mechanism, in particular a carbine, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] EP 1 363 099 A1 discloses a bolt with an ejector and extractor that can be converted from left to right. The ejector extends rearward beyond the bolt. When the bolt recoils after firing, the ejector strikes the weapon housing at the end of its recoil movement and is displaced forward relative to the bolt, ejecting the cartridge case. Disadvantages include the limited options for determining the timing and position of ejection, as well as the relatively large amount of space required. Furthermore, the proposed ejector can lead to ejection inhibition, particularly when contamination or adverse weather conditions reduce the recoil energy of the bolt.

[0003] US 2018 / 0313622 A1 discloses a breech for a conversion kit of a weapon for training ammunition with a reduced load or reduced caliber, in which the contact surface for the ejector is enlarged to improve ejection.

[0004] In pistols, long guns, carbines, and all weapons with relative axial movement between the barrel and the bolt, a mechanism known as a case ejection mechanism is designed to move the cartridge case from the actual chamber of the bolt to the rear with the recoiling bolt after a shot has been fired. It is then applied with a transverse force at a suitable location through an ejection port, usually located on the side of the weapon's housing, so that it reliably exits the port. As the bolt advances under the action of the recoil spring, the next cartridge can then be inserted from the magazine into the chamber.

[0005] In the current state of the art, a claw mounted in the breech is usually used to securely move the case along with the bolt, the extraction claw. This claw grips the case base, which almost always has a flange or similar change in diameter in the base area, thus ensuring the case is safely removed from the cartridge chamber of the barrel. The part of the breech adjacent to the case base, where the extraction claw is located, is often referred to as the bolt head.The application of the transverse force, which is mostly directed sideways but in a few cases upwards, is usually brought about by the case base running eccentrically onto a part connected to the frame of the weapon, usually called the ejector, as it moves backwards, so that the combination of the effect of the claw, the mass inertia forces and the eccentric impact on the component connected to the frame (ejector, ejector pin) results in a corresponding moment or a corresponding transverse load and the case is ejected from the window.

[0006] In practice, this process gives rise to numerous problems and often difficult to comply with general conditions: The explosive pressure in the chamber when the shot is fired and the resulting high acceleration of the bolt and the extraction claw must be taken into account in their design and construction, because this claw, which is pivotally mounted in the bolt head, or also called the breech block, is usually under the action of a spring which forces it into the working position. In some cases, the extraction claw is actively rotated from the working position into an ejection position when the case is ejected, which makes ejection easier or even makes it possible. In addition, when using different ammunition in one and the same weapon, not only the movement of the bolt must be reliable, but also the interaction between the case and the extractor claw.The connection of the cartridge case base with the ejector, which may be connected to the weapon frame, must function over a wide range of speeds and thus with widely varying available inertial forces. It must be considered that the corresponding components are subjected to extreme mechanical, namely shock-dynamic, stresses and high tribological stresses, as well as thermal loads, and that the reliable functioning of this mechanism is essential for the overall reliability of the weapon.

[0007] The invention aims to create a reliable ejection mechanism that meets the aforementioned requirements and, in addition to its reliable functionality, is also space-saving, has a simple design, is therefore cost-effective, and is easy to maintain. Furthermore, at least in one embodiment of the invention, it is a problem to be solved to trigger the ejection of a fired case or even an unfired cartridge in a controlled manner at a defined time and / or at a defined position.

[0008] According to the invention, this is achieved with a mechanism of the type defined at the outset having the features specified in the characterising part of claim 1; in other words, the ejector pin is movably mounted within the bolt head parallel to the direction of movement of the bolt head; it is subject to the action of a bolt spring which urges it rearwardly away from the case base; it interacts with the housing stop indirectly, namely via an ejector lever rotatably mounted in the sliding piece (also called bolt carrier) in which the bolt head is movably mounted.

[0009] These measures ensure that when the bolt head recoils, one arm of the ejector lever (ejector leg) first hits the housing stop, also known as the functional edge (a functional cam can be designed as a functional cam), and is then rotated, if necessary against the action of a lever spring, until it hits the ejector pin and, with a high, impact-like force, pushes it against the case base, against the action of the pin spring, thereby repelling the case from the armature base. Because in this position the ejector lever moves out of the relative path of movement of the housing stop (functional edge), the bolt unit as a whole can be damaged by the explosion gases or the like.the mass inertia can be moved even further back, towards the end stop, and in this way the paths and the mass forces of the bolt and bolt head can be determined and fixed independently of the activation positions and the forces occurring for the case ejection, which was not possible before.

[0010] The spring loading of the ejector pin towards its inactive position (rest position), which however does not have to be so far towards the ejector lever that it is in (constant) contact with it, ensures on the one hand that when the next cartridge is inserted the ejector pin does not protrude from the breech face of the bolt head and impair insertion. The distance to the ejector lever ensures a sudden and therefore very high force transmission, which reliably detaches and ejects even cases that are firmly stuck to the breech face. The design of the ejector lever also contributes to this. Due to its existence, the lever arm from the receiver stop to the rotation axis is longer than the lever arm from contact with the ejector pin to the rotation axis, so that although its travel path is shorter, the forces generated are greater than those of the ejector lever on the receiver stop.

[0011] Preferably, a spring load by means of an ejector spring can ensure the return of the ejector lever to its normal standby position (rest position) when the bolt and bolt head are moved forward again by the recoil spring and have reached the position where the housing stop (functional edge) no longer prevents rotation. Such an ejector spring can also ensure that the ejector pin also returns to its standby position under the action of its pin spring. Preferably, the two springs are designed as compression-operating coil springs, which ensures the longest service life for springs.

[0012] The springs on the ejector pin can either be arranged with corresponding shoulders on it and its guide around it, but preferably they are located in a spring chamber parallel to the firing pin's guide bore, and act on at least one thickened portion (or an extension or ejector wing) of the ejector, which also determines the two end positions of the ejector. Likewise, it is advantageous if the ejector lever has a spring arm designed so that it is subject to the action of a suitably arranged helical spring that acts as a compression spring. The arrangement and design of such a spring arm and the guide and mounting of the spring depend on the construction of the bolt head and can be easily designed and dimensioned by a person skilled in the art with knowledge of the invention and the basic design of the weapon.

[0013] Through these inventive features and their combination, it is also possible to ensure that the ejector pin lies in the guide recess of the bolt head over most of its length and is thus optimally protected against all types of bending load. It can therefore be constructed relatively robustly for the axial load it naturally experiences, without incurring disadvantages, and without becoming too bulky. In addition, the ejector pin has radial wing-like extensions, also called ejector wings, on at least one side, which, in cooperation with a recess provided for this purpose in the bolt head, represent an axial limitation of the movement. It is also advantageous if the ejector pin has a radial widening or radial extensions or ejector wings at its rear end, thereby creating a larger impact surface for the ejector lever.

[0014] The ejector lever can be made solid along its axis of rotation; there is usually sufficient space available in the sliding piece for this. It should be noted that, despite its design as a rotary lever, the main stress only occurs in the area between contact with the housing stop (functional edge) and contact with the ejector. A rotating-sliding movement occurs there on both contact surfaces. The part of the ejector lever located in between can be made large (thick) in the circumferential direction, without impairing its functionality or requiring undue space, so that the resulting forces are transmitted over a sufficiently large cross-section.

[0015] The contact between the ejector lever and the housing sliding surface, which is located longitudinally parallel to the bolt movement and thus also parallel to the barrel axis and adjacent to the functional edge or functional cam, can be designed after several tests by appropriately matching the surface hardness and a rounded design of the free end of the ejector lever and / or the transition from the housing stop to the housing sliding surface in such a way that, on the one hand, the friction contributes to delaying the bolt and thus reducing the rate of fire in automatic weapons, and, on the other hand, damage caused by the friction occurring is not to be feared. Even if the functional edge is then a functional rounding, it will be referred to as the "functional edge" in the following and in the claims.

[0016] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which shows the Fig. 1a modular weapon with its individual modules, which Fig. 2 an exploded view of the locking unit, the Figs. 3a-3c Variants of the ejector lever, the Figs 4a-4d the sequence of movement of the bolt head, the Figs. 5a-5c another variant of the ejector lever, the Fig. 6 a variant of the functional edge, which Figs. 7a-7c the sliding piece in its entirety in two views and one section and the Fig. 8a and 8b the ejector in two views.

[0017] As from Fig. 1As can be seen purely schematically in a type of section through the weapon's center plane 44, corresponding to the plane of the drawing, a modular weapon has, for example, a barrel 1, a gas drive 2, an upper receiver, also called upper 4, with a carrier module 5 and guides 6 for a locking unit 7. Furthermore, it has a cocking slide 8, a fore-end 9, a lower receiver, also called lower 10, a magazine holder 11, a trigger unit 12, a grip 13, a slide stop 14, a central system lock 15, a magazine 16 and a stock 17. This is only one example of a modular weapon in which the invention can be used advantageously. Other weapons can consist of fewer or more modules, or be constructed from modules combined in a different way, as is already known, or even without any modularity.

[0018] The Fig. 2shows a perspective view of a sliding piece 18 with a bolt head 19, which has a recess 22 for an ejector 21 according to the invention, also called an ejector pin, and a central bore for a firing pin 25. The ejector 21 has two radially projecting ejector wings 23, which are axially spaced from one another, which on the one hand determine its angular position, and on the other hand cooperate with an ejector spring 24 designed as a helical spring. The ejector spring 24 rests with its front end facing the barrel on a notch in the recess 22, with its other, rear end on one of the ejector wings 23 and urges it, and thus the ejector 21, from the breech face 42 ( Fig. 4d) of the bolt head 19 to the rear, into its rest position. Suitable spring plates can be provided, and, as shown, the firing pin 25 can be arranged in the core of the ejector spring, thereby achieving dynamic stabilization of the same.

[0019] The ejector vanes 23 and the abutment surfaces of the recesses 22 in the bolt head 19 interacting with them are geometrically coordinated with the ejector spring 24 such that the axial end positions of the ejector are not determined by the spring, thus limiting its dynamic load. In the rest position, the rear end of the ejector 21 protrudes axially from the bolt head 19 and forms an abutment surface 43, which, as explained in more detail below, lies in the path of movement of an ejector lever 28.

[0020] Indicated in Fig. 2Furthermore, purely schematically, a recoil spring unit 26, which, after the slide 18 has returned, returns it to its forward, ready-to-fire position, and the upper housing, the upper 4, symbolically represented as a prismatic profile, with guides 6 for the slide 18, also indicated there purely schematically, because not part of the invention, by lateral, groove-shaped recesses (slots). A firing pin safety 27, as known from the prior art, is also provided.

[0021] The Figs. 3a-3cshow three variants of an ejector lever 28 according to the invention in its rest position: In all cases, it is mounted in the sliding piece 18 such that, in its rest position, it assumes a position substantially perpendicular to the barrel axis 38 and is pivotably or rotatably mounted between two end positions about a rotation axis 32, which runs normal to the weapon center plane 44. A stop 33 on the ejector lever 28, in conjunction with a counter surface 40 on the sliding piece 18, defines the first of these positions, the rest position. In the illustration of the Figs 3a-3c This corresponds to preventing any further counterclockwise rotation of the ejector lever 28.

[0022] The second end position of the ejector lever 28, called the working position, is reached when it hits, with an ejector surface 39 on its front side facing the bolt head 19, abutting surface 43 on the rear side facing away from the bolt head 19 at the end of the ejector 21 and has brought the latter into the frontmost position up to its stop ( Fig. 4d ).

[0023] The ejector lever 28 remaining in the rest position can, but does not have to, be secured by a return device 31 comprising at least one spring element, as explained further below.

[0024] In Fig. 3aThe ejector lever is designed as a single leg with leg 29, the ejector surface 39 of which can be cambered, which is advantageous for the sliding-rolling contact with the abutment surface 43. The increased Hertzian pressure caused by the camber can be effectively controlled by surface hardening. The stop to prevent further rotation of the ejector lever 28 is formed by the geometry of the ejector 21 and its movement limitation in the bolt head by the ejector wings 23.

[0025] At Fig. 3bIn addition to the leg 29, the ejector lever 28 is provided with a lever arm 30, which in the illustrated embodiment is opposite the leg and rests against an end face 40 of the slide 18 with a projection or stop 33. The stop 33 can also be formed by the lever arm 30 itself, which, for example, has a recess or flattening matched to the end face 40. The end face 40 is arranged in the direction of the barrel axis 38 such that the lever arm 30 can be deflected slightly forward, i.e., a few degrees, preferably 5 to 30°, relative to a normal to the barrel axis 38 before the stop 33 strikes the end face 40. Such an arrangement of the end face 40 can prevent "overshoot" and thus a possible blocking of the ejector lever 28 of the slide 18 during the return movement.

[0026] The Fig. 3cThe variant shown provides a return device 31 for the ejector lever 28, in which the end face 40 is not fixedly arranged on the sliding piece 18, but can deflect against the force of a spring element. Upon impact with the functional edge ( Fig. 4 ) the ejector lever 28 is moved away from the reset device 31 (in the Fig. 3cclockwise) – i.e., backwards. However, as soon as the ejection process is completed and the ejector 21 is moved back to its rest position by the ejector spring 24, an "overshoot" – i.e., an excessive backward deflection of the leg 29 or the ejector lever 28 – can be avoided and the movement cushioned. The spring arrangement is shown as a compression spring, which acts on the arm 30 in the manner described. If space permits, a tension spring acting on the leg 29 can be provided instead of this compression spring, or a torsion spring arranged around the rotation axis 32, which requires only minimal space and is also conveniently located in the sliding piece 18. The decisive factor is the mode of action, whereby blocking of the ejector lever 28 at the functional edge 35 when the sliding piece 18 moves back can be efficiently avoided.

[0027] In all cases, the ejector lever 28 is designed such that its leg 29 has a length such that, when in the rest position, its movement path collides with a functional edge 35 or functional cam 35' arranged in the lower housing, Lower 10, or connected thereto. A slight deflection of the leg 29 by a few degrees deviating from the normal to the barrel axis 38 to the rear is thus possible; however, it is advantageous to avoid "overshooting" or excessive deflection of the leg 29 to the rear, for example, by using a stop as described by Fig. 3b or Fig. 3c is used, whereby blocking of the sliding piece 18 at the functional edge 35 can be avoided.

[0028] This functional edge 35, in the Figs. 4a-4dshown, has in a section parallel to the weapon center plane the shape of a step or corner with a stop surface normal to the barrel axis 38 and a sliding surface parallel to the barrel axis, as can be seen from the Figs 4a-4d is clearly visible. For clarity, the ejection of a cartridge (which would occur if the firing pin were misfired and the slide were manually moved) is shown, not the ejection of a case.

[0029] The functional cam 35', Fig. 6 ,is rotatably mounted in the lower 10 between two end positions and also has a stop surface and a sliding surface which form a functional edge. The sliding surface runs, viewed in section parallel to the weapon center plane 44, from the stop surface diagonally away from the barrel axis to a distance which no longer protrudes into the path of movement of the ejector lever in its rest position. The cam 35' is urged by a spring with its functional edge into the path of movement of the leg 29 and rotates it or the ejector lever 28 completely analogous to the functional edge. The area of ​​the lower 10 behind the functional cam is designed in such a way that there is no contact between the ejector lever 28 and the lower 10. The slight rotation of the cam under the effect of the advancing ejector lever does not result in any noticeable axial change in the position of the stop surface of the cam, which is therefore to be regarded as weapon-proof.

[0030] The ejector lever thus returns to its rest position, possibly under the action of its return device 31. During the advance movement of the slide 18 under the action of the closing spring of the closing spring unit 26, the cam can deflect against the force of the cam spring upon impact of the ejector lever 28 in the rest position. This variant makes it possible, on the one hand, to create a mechanically advantageous large overlap between the leg and the cam, and, on the other hand, to prevent the leg from sliding on the sliding surface behind the cam, which is advantageous when a high rate of fire is to be achieved.

[0031] This collision between leg 29 and functional edge 35 or functional cam 35' occurs in the so-called "working position" of the individual components as a violent impact, by which the ejector lever is rotated about its axis of rotation 32, possibly against the action of the return device 31 (in Fig. 3clockwise), thereby striking with its ejector surface 39 against the end face 40 of the ejector 21, displacing the latter against the force of the ejector spring 24 in the direction of the case to be ejected, so that its tip emerges through the ram base and ejects the case 37 until one of the ejector wings 23 prevents further relative movement between the ejector 21 and the bolt head 19 and the ejector, bolt head and sliding piece 18 move backwards together.

[0032] The reset device is designed to limit the "overshoot" of the ejector lever. The first force component acts on the leg (29) through the ejector spring (24). To prevent the leg (29) from being deflected too far backwards, a second force component acts through the reset unit (31), whereby the leg Fig.3c by the force acting on the stop (33). Alternatively to a second force, a mechanical stop (40) can be used in Fig.3b ) or also Fig.5 serve.

[0033] The leg 29 of the ejector lever 28 is ultimately positioned in an angular position on the sliding piece 18, which, when a functional edge 35 is provided, depends on the position of the sliding surface 45 and the shape and size of the leg 29, called the ejection position. The ejector wing 23, when resting against the end of its associated recess, determines the "absolute" end position of the ejector and thus of the adjacent ejector lever. For tolerance reasons, its end position must be rotated further than when sliding on the sliding surface, otherwise it will jam. This ejection position is at least as far removed from the rest position as the sliding position determined by the sliding surface, and is therefore usually only reached briefly. When a functional cam 35' is provided, where the leg 29 returns to its rest position without contacting a sliding surface, the ejection position is only assumed briefly.

[0034] When the working position is reached, according to the invention the sliding piece 18 can continue to move in the direction of its end stop due to its kinetic energy and possibly still acting propellant gases, wherein at a functional edge 35 the pretension of the bolt spring forces the ejector 21 and thereby the ejector lever 28 in the direction of its rest position, it rests on the sliding surface and thus a frictional force can be applied.

[0035] The inventive embodiment of the ejector mechanism results in a positively controlled triggering of the case or cartridge ejection upon reaching the functional edge 35. The path of the ejector 21 itself may or may not be taken into account, depending on the desired accuracy; i.e., at a defined time and / or at a defined position. Furthermore, in one variant, the friction between the ejector lever 28, or more precisely its leg 29, and the sliding surface 45 of the functional edge 35 or functional cam 35' arranged in the lower housing 10 reduces the return speed of the bolt unit 7, which can, among other things, influence, in particular reduce, the firing rate when firing bursts or during continuous fire.

[0036] The ejector lever 28 has in the region of its rotational axis 32 at least one first extension 48, which is provided for mounting in a corresponding receptacle of the sliding piece 18. This first extension 48 can preferably be bolt-shaped, wherein in the radial direction around the rotational axis 32 a projection can be formed at least partially in the circumferential direction, as shown in Fig. 5 in conjunction with Fig. 2 can be clearly seen: The first extension 48 or the projection on the extension can be flattened in such a way that when rotated into the working position the ejector lever 28 can be inserted into the sliding piece 18 or removed from it.

[0037] A possible such form of this first extension 48 with a projection is particularly well seen from the oblique view in Fig. 5cclearly. In this embodiment, a flattening on the first extension and / or a projection that is not fully formed is provided. Such a flattening or such a projection can simultaneously serve as a stop 33, which interacts with an end face 40 of the sliding piece 18 ( Fig. 5a ), analogous to the operation of the embodiment with a lever arm 30 as shown in the Fig. 3 described.

[0038] By suitably designing the first extension 48 and / or a projection, the ejector lever 28 is additionally guided or supported in the direction of the rotation axis 32 on the sliding piece 18 upon activation and rotational movement toward its working position, and twisting or an inclined position of the ejector lever 28 can be effectively prevented. This promotes the reliable triggering of the ejection and, moreover, the forces acting on the ejector lever 28 are effectively transmitted to the sliding piece 18. Furthermore, the fatigue strength of the ejector lever 28 can be increased because bending stress at the pivot point, i.e., around the rotation axis 32, is reduced. Furthermore, the ejector lever 28 can preferably be formed in one piece, e.g., as a milled part or metal injection molding (MIM), whereby the number of components for the closure unit 7 can remain low while still enabling good disassembly and maintenance / cleaning.

[0039] Particularly preferred is a design of the ejector lever 28 which has two opposite radial extensions 48, 49 with respect to the axis of rotation 32 and along this, as in Fig. 5c It is advantageous if the second extension 49 has a length such that it at least temporarily projects beyond the firing pin safety 27 ( Figs. 7a-7c ) A projection, analogous to the previously described first extension 48, may be provided under certain circumstances, but is not absolutely necessary for the advantages explained below.

[0040] The second extension 49 on the ejector lever 28 enables a particularly simple assembly of the locking unit 7, as can be seen from Fig. 5c in conjunction with Figs. 7a-7cIt is immediately apparent: Since the ejector lever 28 merely needs to be inserted into the recess provided for it on the slide, and the loss protection is provided by the firing pin safety device 27 accommodated in the slide 18, installation can be carried out in a very simple manner. Furthermore, the second extension 49 can be used as a driver for the recoil spring unit 26, thereby enabling simultaneous and very simple removal of the bolt 7 including the recoil spring 26 from the upper 4.

[0041] The firing pin safety 27 is typically spring-loaded and is normally only deflected laterally by the hammer during firing. When the ejector lever 28 is inserted or inserted, the firing pin safety 27 is manually deflected to the side, allowing the second extension 49 of the ejector lever 28 to move unhindered past the firing pin safety 27 and the ejector lever 28 to be inserted into the recess provided for it in the slide 18. In the manner described, additional securing elements of the ejector lever 28, such as pins, screws, or the like, can be dispensed with. During operation, the ejector lever 28 is additionally prevented from any relative movement - other than the intended rotation - by the firing pin safety 27, thus enabling stable guidance and, at the same time, loss protection.

[0042] To ensure reliable movement of the sliding piece 18 toward the end position, it has proven advantageous that the ejector lever 28 cannot be deflected backward beyond its rest position, since otherwise, the leg 29 could become blocked by the functional edge 35 or functional cam 35'. The following section discloses several possibilities intended to serve as inspiration for the skilled person and represents a non-exhaustive list of embodiments.

[0043] In a relatively simple embodiment, the bolt-shaped projection of the first extension 48, or even the entire extension of the ejector lever 28, can have a stop 33. Such a stop 33 can, for example, be designed as a slot-shaped or semicircular projection in order to cooperate with a corresponding stop 33 on the sliding piece 18. (see Figs. 5a-5c )

[0044] Such a stop 33 on the sliding piece 18 and on the extension is relatively easy to manufacture and reduces the required number of components while maintaining a high level of safety.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment, the ejector lever 28 can have a second lever arm 30, which is formed substantially opposite the leg 29 from the axis of rotation 32. (see Fig.3b ) A stop 33 is to be provided on the second lever arm 30, which cooperates with the sliding piece 18 and limits the rotation of the leg 29 to the rear.

[0046] In a further preferred embodiment, the ejector lever 28 can be under the action of a spring element (part of the return device 31) which urges it towards the inactive position, i.e. the rest position. ( Fig.3c )

[0047] This ensures particularly well that when the functional edge 35 or functional cam is reached when the sliding piece 18 returns towards the end position, the ejector lever 28 is in a predeterminable rest position.

[0048] In some cases, it may also be advantageous if the functional edge 35 or a functional cam of the lower housing 10 is designed to be at least partially movable, whereby when the ejector lever 28 is actuated in the return movement of the sliding piece 18, it acts rigidly relative to the ejector lever 28 and can tilt or rotate downwards in the forward movement. ( Fig.6 )

[0049] This measure has the advantage that a reliable triggering of the ejector mechanism can be decoupled from any friction losses caused by the ejector lever 28 on the lower housing 10.

[0050] The Figs. 7a-7cIt is also easy to see how the ejector 21 together with its ejector spring 24 can be advantageously accommodated and guided in the sliding piece 18: The Fig. 7a shows a side view of the ejector vanes 23, which are located approximately in the middle of the longitudinal extension and at the rear end. These interact with ejector recesses 22 on the guide piece 18; in the illustrated embodiment, the rear recess is reduced to a recess.

[0051] An ejector spring 24 is provided coaxially outside the firing pin spring 25, see Fig. 7c in conjunction with Fig. 2A spring plate 47 with a sleeve can be inserted into this ejector spring 24 on either side, so that the two sleeves face each other. The outer diameter of the sleeves is smaller than the inner diameter of the ejector spring 24, and the inner diameter of the sleeves is larger than the outer diameter of the firing pin spring. The total length of the sleeves is limited so that when the spring is compressed during the ejection movement of the ejector 21, this movement is not impeded.

[0052] The ejector 21 interacts with a spring plate 47 arranged on the ejector spring 24 by means of a thickened portion 46 on its rear side, and is thus forced rearward into its rest position, which in turn is determined by ejector recesses 22 on the guide piece 18 in conjunction with the ejector vanes 23. By appropriately selecting the axial extension of the aforementioned elements, preloading of the ejector spring 24 can be achieved or not, depending on requirements.

[0053] Preferably, the two spring plates 47 are identical, so that it is not necessary to pay attention to orientation during assembly or insertion ( Fig. 2 , reference numeral 24). If the sleeves in the immediate vicinity of the plate have a larger diameter, it is possible to mount them captively on the spring 24 by clamping.

[0054] The Figs. 7a-7balso show the control pins 20 behind the bolt head 19, which determine the angular position of the bolt head by means of control cams 34 in the sliding piece 18.

[0055] The Fig. 8 shows the ejector 21 in two views on an enlarged scale, so the ejector wings 23 are clearly visible, which are formed laterally normal to the longitudinal extent of the ejector 21. In the axially central area, two of the ejector wings (23) are arranged opposite each other. These ejector wings 23 are provided in order to introduce as little moment as possible into the ejector 21 when it hits the end of the associated recess 22 and thus to be able to build it light and yet stable. In the illustrated embodiment, a further, rear extension or ejector wing 23 can be seen, which is arranged directly adjacent to the abutment surface 43. This abutment surface 43 is hit, as Fig. 7aAs shown, the ejector lever 28 exerts full force. The solid design of the rear end of the ejector 21 and the additional stop surface on the slide (no reference symbol) limit the axial load.

[0056] In summary, it can be stated that the invention comprises the following: A weapon with cartridge case ejection, in particular a carbine, with a barrel 1 with a barrel axis 38, a sliding piece 18 movable parallel to the barrel axis 38, with a bolt head 19, which in the ready-to-fire position forms a chamber for a cartridge, in particular a breech face 42, with the barrel 1, with an ejector 21 movable in the bolt head 19 parallel to the barrel axis 38, which projects with its rear end from the sliding piece 18 between a rest position in which it does not protrude beyond the breech face 42 with its front end, and an ejection position in which it protrudes beyond the breech face 42 with its front end, with an ejector spring 24, which urges the ejector 21 into the rest position, with a functional edge 35 fixed to the weapon in the direction of the barrel axis 38, which when the sliding piece 18 moves back after firing of a shot pushes the ejector 21 into its ejection position,characterized in that an ejector lever 28 is arranged on the sliding piece 18 so as to be rotatable about a rotational axis 32 preferably extending perpendicular to the weapon center plane 44 between a rest position and an ejection position, that the ejector lever has a leg 29 which, in the rest position of the ejector lever 28, lies in the path of the relative movement of the functional edge 35, that the ejector lever has an ejector surface 39 which, when rotated from the rest position to the ejection position, abuts an abutment surface 43 of the ejector 21 and urges it into the ejection position.

[0057] Advantageous further developments and variants are, for example, the following: One embodiment is characterized in that the ejector lever 28 has at least one first extension 48 along its axis of rotation 32 with a projection which is formed at least partially in the circumferential direction and projects beyond the diameter of the first extension 48 in the radial direction transverse to the axis of rotation 32.

[0058] A further development is characterized in that the ejector lever 28 has a flattening and / or a projection that is not fully formed in the region of the rotation axis 32, preferably on the first extension 48.

[0059] In one variant, it is provided that the ejector lever 28 has a stop 33 which is designed to cooperate with an end face 40 of the sliding piece 18 in such a way that an overshoot of the ejector lever 28 to the rear is avoided.

[0060] Another embodiment is characterized in that the ejector lever 28 has a lever arm 30 which comprises a stop 33

[0061] In one variant, the lever arm 30 runs diametrically to the leg 29.

[0062] One embodiment is characterized in that the sliding piece 18 has a return device 31 comprising at least one spring element.

[0063] A variant is characterized in that the spring element of the return device 31 is a compression spring.

[0064] A further development is characterized in that the ejector lever 28 has a second extension 49 which is aligned with the first extension 48.

[0065] A further embodiment is characterized in that the second extension 49 has a length in the direction of the rotation axis 32 with which it at least partially projects beyond a firing pin safety 27 in the rest position of the weapon and releases the ejector lever 28 upon manual deflection of the firing pin safety 27.

[0066] Another embodiment is characterized in that the functional edge 35 is mounted so as to be movable, preferably rotatable about an axis fixed to the weapon.

[0067] This is advantageously characterized in that the weapon-fixed axis runs normal to the weapon center plane 44.

[0068] One variant is characterized in that the functional edge 35 is formed on a functional cam.

[0069] Advantageously, the weapon is characterized in that the weapon-fixed axis, seen in the direction of the barrel, is arranged behind the functional edge 35.

[0070] Preferably, the weapon is also characterized in that the ejector spring 24 has at least one spring plate 47.

[0071] A further development is characterized in that the ejector spring 24 has two uniform spring plates 47.

[0072] Yet another embodiment is characterized in that the ejector 21 has a cross-section with a flat shape and has at least one ejector wing 23 projecting transversely to the longitudinal extent of the ejector 21.

[0073] A further development is characterized in that the ejector wing(s) 23 is / are curved out of the plane thus formed with respect to the flat shape of the ejector 21.

[0074] One embodiment is characterized in that the ejector 21 is provided with at least two ejector wings 23, opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ejector. ( Fig. 2 )

[0075] A further development is characterized in that the ejector 21 has, in its rear region of the impact surface 43 facing the ejector lever 28, a widening formed as an additional ejector wing 23. ( Fig. 8 )

[0076] In extreme abbreviation, one can say that the invention relates to a weapon with case ejection, in particular a carbine, with a barrel 1 with a movable sliding piece 18 with a bolt head 19, with a breech face 42, with a movable ejector 21 and with a functional edge 35 fixed to the weapon in the direction of the barrel axis 38, which urges the ejector 21 into its ejection position when the sliding piece 18 returns after a shot has been fired. To ensure a consistently uniform ejection, an ejector lever 28 is arranged on the sliding piece 18 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis 32 running normal to the weapon center plane 44, which ejector lever 28 strikes the functional edge 35 during the backward movement of the sliding piece 18 and is rotated in the process, so that it strikes an abutment surface 43 of the ejector 21 and urges it into the ejection position.

[0077] The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but can be modified in various ways and adapted to the respective given boundary conditions. In particular, the individual designs of the ejector lever 28 can be freely combined with the individual designs of the ejector 21 and / or the individual designs of the functional edge / functional cam 35.

[0078] In the description and claims, the terms "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," and so on are used in their common sense and with reference to the object in its usual position of use. This means that in a weapon, the muzzle of the barrel is "front," that the bolt or slide is moved "backward" by the explosion gases, etc. "Perpendicular to a direction" essentially means a direction rotated by 90° to it.

[0079] It should also be noted that in the description and claims, terms such as "lower region" of a hanger, reactor, filter, structure, or device, or, more generally, of an object, mean the lower half and in particular the lower quarter of the total height; "lowest region" means the lowest quarter and in particular an even smaller part; while "middle region" means the middle third of the total height (width - length). All of these terms have their common meaning, applied to the intended position of the object in question; the same applies, of course, to "front" and "rear."

[0080] In the description and claims, "substantially" means a deviation of up to 10% of the stated value, if physically possible, both upwards and downwards, otherwise only in the reasonable direction; for degrees (angle and temperature) this means ± 10°.

[0081] All quantities and proportions, especially those used to define the invention, unless they relate to specific examples, are to be understood with a tolerance of ± 10%. For example, 11% means from 9.9% to 12.1%. In terms such as "a solvent," the word "a" is not to be considered a numeral, but rather an indefinite article or pronoun, unless the context indicates otherwise.

[0082] The term "combination" or "combinations" means, unless otherwise stated, all types of combinations, from any two of the components in question to a plurality or all of such components; the term "containing" also means "consisting of".

[0083] The features and variants specified in the individual embodiments and examples can be freely combined with those of the other examples and embodiments and can be used in particular to characterize the invention in the claims without necessarily including the other details of the respective embodiment or example. List of reference symbols: 1 Run 26 closing spring unit 2 Gas drive 27 Firing pin safety 3 locking sleeve 28 Ejector lever 4 Upper housing or upper 29 leg 5 Carrier module 30 lever arm 6 guide 31 Reset device 7 locking unit 32 axis of rotation 8 Clamping slide unit 33 stop 9 Fore-end 34 Control curve 10 Lower housing or lower 35 Functional edge or cam 11 Magazine holder 36 axis of rotation 12 trigger unit 37 Cartridge or case 13 handle 38 Barrel axis 14 Slide catch device 39 Ejector surface 15 Central system locking 40 frontal surface 16 magazine 41 extractor 17 shaft 42 Impact floor 18 sliding piece 43 Impact surface 19 Bolt head 44 Weapon center plane 20 control pin 45 Sliding surface 21 ejector 46 thickening 22 Ejector recess 47 spring plate 23 Ejector wing 48 first process 24 Ejector spring 49 second extension 25 Firing pin with spring

Claims

1. Firearm with cartridge-case ejection, in particular a carbine, with a barrel (1) with a barrel axis (38) a bolt carrier (18) that can be moved parallel to the barrel axis (38) with a bolt (19) which, in the ready-to-fire position, builds a chamber with the barrel (1), in particular a breech face (42) for a cartridge, with an ejector (21) which can be moved parallel to the barrel axis (38) in the bolt (19) and which can be moved between a rest position in which it is positioned with its front end does not protrude beyond the breech face (42), protrudes with its rear end out of the bolt carrier (18), and an ejection position in which it protrudes with its front end over the breech face (42), with an ejector spring (24) which pushes the ejector (21) into the rest position, with a functional edge (35) which is fixed to the firearm in the direction of the barrel axis (38) and which pushes the ejector (21) into its ejection position when the bolt carrier (18) moves back after a shot has been fired, characterized in that an ejector lever (28) is arranged on the bolt carrier (18) such that it can rotate about a pivot axis (32), which is preferably normal to the firearm center plane (44), between a rest position and an ejection position, that the ejector lever (28) has a leg (29), which lies in the path of the relative movement of the functional edge (35) in the rest position of the ejector lever (28), that the ejector lever has an ejector surface (39) which, when rotated from the rest position to the ejection position, contacts an impact surface (43) of the ejector (21) pushes it into the eject position, whereby the distance between the pivot axis (32) to the ejector surface (39) is smaller than the distance to the functional edge (35).

2. Firearm according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ejector lever (28) has at least one first extension (48) along its pivot axis (32), with a protruding projection which at least partially extends in circumferential direction, compared to the diameter of the first extension (48) in the radial direction transverse to the pivot axis (32).

3. Firearm according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ejector lever (28) in the area of the pivot axis (32), preferably on the first extension (48), has a flattening and / or a projection that is not fully formed in circumferential direction.

4. Firearm according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ejector lever (28) has a stop (33) which is designed to interact with an end face (40) of the bolt carrier (18) in such a way that overshooting of the ejector lever (28) backwards is avoided.

5. Firearm according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ejector lever (28) has a lever arm (30) which includes a stop (33).

6. Firearm according to Claim 5, characterized in that the lever arm (30) runs diametrically to the leg (29).

7. Firearm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the bolt carrier (18) comprises at least one resetting device (31) with a spring element.

8. Firearm according to Claim 7, characterized in that the spring element of the resetting device (31) is a compression spring.

9. Firearm according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the ejector lever (28) has a second extension (49) which is aligned with the first extension (48) and in that the second extension (49) has a length in the direction of the pivot axis (32) with which it projects at least partially beyond a firing pin safety (27) which is provided pivotally in the bolt carrier (18), when the firearm is in the rest position and when the firing pin safety (27) is manually pivoted, releases the ejector lever (28).

10. Firearm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the functional edge (35) is movably mounted, preferably rotatable about an axis that is stationary relative to the firearm.

11. Firearm according to Claim 10, characterized in that the axis fixed to the firearm runs normal to the center plane (44) of the firearm.

12. Firearm according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the functional edge (35) is formed on a functional cam.

13. Firearm according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the axis fixed to the firearm is arranged behind the functional edge (35), viewed in the direction of the barrel.

14. Firearm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the ejector spring (24) has at least one spring plate (47).

15. Firearm according to Claim 14, characterized in that the ejector spring (24) has two identical spring plates (47).

16. Firearm according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ejector (21) has a flat cross section and exhibits at least one ejector wing (23) which sticks out in a transverse direction to the longitudinal extension of the ejector (21).

17. Firearm according to Claim 16, characterized in that the ejector wing (23) is curved out of the plane thus formed with respect to the flat shape of the ejector (21).

18. Firearm according to Claim 16, characterized in that the ejector (21) is provided with at least two ejector wings (23) opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ejector. (Fig. 2)19. Firearm according to one of Claims 17 to 18, characterized in that the ejector (21) in its rear region of the impact surface (43) facing the ejector lever (28) has an additional broadening designed as an ejector wing (23).

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