Locking device for a door

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking device (1) for a door, in particular for a sliding door (10), comprising at least one door leaf (11). The locking device has a housing part (2) and a locking element (5) which is held by the housing part (2) and which is used to lock and unlock the at least one door leaf (11) in a closed or open position. The locking element (5) can be slid along a sliding direction (V) and can be tilted about a rotational axis (R1) relative to the housing part (2) in order to allow the at least one door leaf (11) to be locked and unlocked alternatively by both sliding as well as by tilting the locking element (5). The invention additionally relates to a door, in particular a sliding door (10), comprising such a locking device (1).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present invention relates to a locking device for a door, in particular for a sliding door, with at least one door leaf to be locked or released. The invention also relates to a door with such a locking device. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] Sliding doors with at least one, often two, movable leaves have been known for a long time. The door leaf(s) can usually be moved perpendicular to the direction of passage, allowing access, for example, through a wall opening in a building, to be opened or closed. Automatic sliding doors are also well-known; these do not require manual movement of the door leaf(s) for opening and closing, but rather this is accomplished by a drive motor. A presence sensor can be installed on each side of the sliding door to trigger automatic opening as soon as a person approaches.

[0003] Many sliding doors used today benefit from being able to be locked in the closed position, thus preventing unauthorized access, for example, at certain times. Appropriate locking devices are provided for this purpose, and these devices exhibit a wide variety of designs in the current state of the art.

[0004] For example, CN 102127994 A discloses a locking device which has a locking lever with hook-shaped ends that can be tilted to unlock it. The tilting can be effected automatically by means of an electromagnet or manually by means of a cable.

[0005] The locking device disclosed in CN 211691917 U comprises an electromagnet with which a locking element can be lowered towards the door leaves for locking and raised for unlocking. Manual unlocking is possible by means of a release bolt, which causes the locking element to be raised.

[0006] FR 2 919 885 A1 discloses a locking device with an electromagnet by which a locking element can be moved against a spring force towards the door leaves to effect locking. During this movement, a metal disc comes into contact with a suction cup, thus ensuring that the lock remains engaged even after the electromagnet is switched off. In the event of a power failure, the lock can be manually released using a cable attached to the locking element.

[0007] German patent application DE 198 35 678 A1 discloses an electric locking device for sliding door leaves, in which a locking element can be tilted between an open and a closed position. This can be achieved for manual unlocking by turning an operating button attached to the locking element via an axis. Alternatively, unlocking and locking can also be carried out by means of an electromagnet, which likewise causes the locking bolt to rotate.

[0008] US Patent 4,702,095 A discloses a door lock with a locking element that is rotatable by means of a motor and axially movable by means of an actuating lever. This allows manual unlocking even in the event of a power failure.

[0009] EP 2 514 891 A1 discloses a locking device for electrical equipment in which a locking slide is linearly displaceable by means of a drive and a threaded rod to move from an open position to a closed position. Manual emergency release is possible by moving a pivoting locking device so that the locking slide can be rotated.

[0010] A disadvantage of the locking devices described in the aforementioned documents is that the locking element remains in its current position during a power outage. This can be disastrous, for example, in the event of a fire, as the door would then need to be locked, for instance, to prevent the spread of fire, or automatically opened to allow passage for people escaping. However, automatic opening or closing of the door using a motorized door opener or a purely mechanical emergency drive, such as a spring-operated one, is only possible if the locking device allows for this.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned locking devices have the disadvantage that if a malfunction, particularly a jamming, occurs in either the electrical component or the manual operation, the other component is also blocked. This can lead to a situation where the door cannot be opened even in an emergency.

[0012] Furthermore, many state-of-the-art locking devices are relatively complex in design and consist of a large number of components, which makes not only manufacturing, but also retrofitting or later replacement, complex. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] It is an object of the present invention to provide a locking device for a door which is easy to manufacture and flexibly applicable. Preferably, the locking device should allow both automatic and manual locking and unlocking and, in addition, should advantageously be able to assume a predefined state in the event of a power failure.

[0014] To solve this problem, a locking device as specified in claim 1 is proposed. Furthermore, claim 13 specifies a door with such a locking device. Other embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0015] The present invention therefore provides a locking device for a door, in particular for a sliding door, with at least one door leaf, comprising a housing part, a locking element held by the housing part, which serves to lock and unlock at least one door leaf in a closed or open position.

[0016] The locking element is movable relative to the housing part both along a sliding direction and tiltable about a rotational axis, in order to allow locking and unlocking of at least one door leaf alternatively by either sliding or tilting the locking element. Furthermore, the locking device has a compression spring and a sliding device to move the locking element along the sliding direction against the compressive force of the compression spring, and / or the locking device has a torsion spring and a tilting device to tilt the locking element about the rotational axis against the torsional force of the torsion spring.

[0017] With the specified locking device, there are at least two alternative ways to lock and unlock the door leaf(s). On the one hand, the locking element can be moved along the direction of travel, and on the other hand, it can be tilted around the axis of rotation. This allows the locking device to be manufactured in a particularly simple yet highly flexible manner. In particular, moving and tilting the locking element can be implemented for different locking and unlocking purposes. For example, an automatic locking and unlocking mechanism—i.e., one based on electromechanical, pneumatic, or hydraulic systems—can cause the locking element to move, while a manual locking and unlocking mechanism can cause the locking element to tilt—or vice versa.This makes it particularly easy to design the locking device so that it assumes a predetermined state, i.e., in particular a locked or unlocked state, in the event of an unexpected power failure. For example, spring elements and / or retaining elements, such as end-position magnets, can be provided for this purpose, which move the locking element into the desired predetermined position in the event of a power failure or hold it in the position it has already assumed.

[0018] Due to the locking element's two degrees of freedom—displacement and tilting—it becomes possible, for example, to decouple the automatic (i.e., electrotechnically based) locking and unlocking from the manually operated locking and unlocking. A malfunction, such as a jamming of one part (drive or manual mechanism), therefore does not necessarily lead to the other part becoming blocked.

[0019] Preferably, locking and unlocking is possible both by means of a pure displacement of the locking element and by means of a pure tilting of the locking element.

[0020] The axis of rotation about which the locking element can be tilted preferably extends parallel to the direction of movement and advantageously through the housing part. Particularly preferably, the axis of rotation is defined by a rod-shaped element about which the locking element can be tilted, i.e., rotated. The rod-shaped element is preferably a push rod that can be displaced along its longitudinal direction in order to displace the locking element along the direction of movement. This makes the manufacture of the locking device particularly simple.

[0021] The door is preferably a sliding door, and the locking element more preferably serves to firmly connect two door leaves of the sliding door together for locking purposes. For this purpose, the locking element preferably has a clamp-shaped, in particular C-shaped, element which, in the locked state, forms a stop for a stop element attached to each door leaf. That is, in the locked state, the stop elements of the two door leaves are preferably arranged within the clamp-shaped element along the opening direction of the sliding door leaves and are thereby prevented from being moved apart. The two door leaves can then therefore not be moved apart, i.e., the sliding door is locked.

[0022] The stop elements of the two door leaves can, for example, be upwardly or in the direction of passage projecting elements such as hooks, bolts, pins or blocks, which preferably each have a stop surface pointing in the opening direction, which in the locked state serve to stop against the locking element.

[0023] Naturally, the locking device can also be used to lock a sliding door with only one door leaf. The locking device, which is preferably stationary in other embodiments as well, can then, in the locked position, form a stop for the single door leaf to prevent it from moving.

[0024] In a sliding door with two door leaves, the locking element preferably forms two or more stops, in particular exactly two stops, which serve to prevent the door leaves from shifting when locked. In a sliding door with only one door leaf, the locking element preferably forms one or more such stops, in particular exactly one such stop.

[0025] The door does not necessarily have to be a sliding door, although this is preferred. The specified locking device can also be used, for example, with hinged or revolving doors. If the door is a sliding door, at least one door leaf is preferably movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction of passage, i.e., along the wall forming the door opening, in order to close or open the doorway.

[0026] The locking element preferably serves to lock and unlock at least one door leaf in a closed position. That is, the locking element preferably serves to prevent the opening of at least one door leaf in the locked state, thus preventing the door from being opened. However, in certain embodiments, it would also be conceivable for the locking element to serve to lock and unlock the at least one door leaf in an open position. In that case, the locking element would prevent the closing of at least one door leaf in the locked state.

[0027] The direction of movement along which the locking element can be moved back and forth relative to the preferably stationary housing part preferably extends parallel to the direction of passage through the door. Furthermore, the direction of movement advantageously extends perpendicular to the direction along which the at least one door leaf can be moved to close or unlock the door opening.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the torsion spring exerts a torsional force directed about the axis of rotation on the locking element in order to hold the locking element in a state that locks or unlocks at least one door leaf. The torsional force exerted by the torsion spring is particularly advantageous for holding the locking element in the locked state and / or bringing it into this state. In this case, the locking element can thus be tilted and brought into the unlocking state by overcoming the torsional force.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the compression spring exerts a compressive force on the locking element to hold the locking element in a state that locks or unlocks at least one door leaf, and / or to bring the locking element into one of these states. The compression spring thus preferably applies a corresponding compressive force to the locking element. The compression spring preferably serves to move the locking element along the direction of movement and / or to hold it in its position along the direction of movement. The compression spring can also serve to ensure the predefined state of the locking device, and in particular of the locking element, in the event of an unexpected power failure.

[0030] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the locking device comprises a combined compression and torsion spring which exerts a compressive force and a torsional force on the locking element in order to hold the locking element in a state that locks or releases at least one door leaf. The combined compression and torsion spring, which may in particular be designed as a coil spring, thus advantageously performs the functions of both the compression spring and the torsion spring described above.

[0031] Preferably, the locking element for unlocking at least one door leaf is tiltable about the axis of rotation against the torsional force exerted on it by the combined compression and torsion spring. The torsional force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring thus preferably holds the locking element in a locked state.

[0032] Furthermore, it is preferred if the locking element for unlocking at least one door leaf is displaceable along the direction of movement against the pressure force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring.

[0033] Depending on the embodiment, it may be preferred that the locking device is designed to maintain the previously assumed locking or unlocking state in the event of a power failure, or to assume a predetermined state. If the previously assumed state is to be maintained, one or more retaining elements, such as one or more end-position magnets, are preferably provided, which hold the locking element in its currently assumed displacement position even in the event of a power failure. The end-position magnet(s) may, in particular, be permanent magnets.

[0034] The compressive force exerted by the compression spring, particularly the combined compression and torsion spring, can serve to hold the locking element in a locked position and / or to bring it into a locked position in the event of a power failure. In the event of a power failure, the locking element can thus automatically assume the locked position due to spring force.

[0035] In other embodiments, it may also be preferred if the locking element for locking at least one door leaf is displaceable along the direction of movement against the compressive force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring. The compressive force exerted by the compression spring, in particular by the combined compression and torsion spring, can serve to hold the locking element in a releasing state and / or to bring it into a locked state in the event of a power failure. In the event of a power failure, the locking element can thus automatically assume the releasing state due to spring force.

[0036] To displace the locking element against the compressive force of a compression spring, particularly a compression and torsion spring, the locking device also includes a displacement device. The displacement device is preferably an electromagnetic displacement device. The displacement device may, in particular, include a solenoid. Using a solenoid allows for a particularly simple displacement of the locking element. The use of another electromagnetic element is also conceivable instead of a solenoid.

[0037] The sliding device is preferably activated in such a way that it moves the locking device into a releasing and / or a locking state. In the case of an electromagnetic sliding device, it is preferably activated by energizing current through current wires and, in particular, wire windings, for example, of a magnet and, more specifically, a solenoid. To change the state of the sliding device from "release" to "lock" or vice versa, a current can therefore be briefly applied to the electromagnetic sliding device, in particular to the solenoid. To move the sliding device in the opposite direction, depending on the embodiment, the restoring force of a spring can be used, for example, and / or the current can be applied to the sliding device with a reverse voltage.The electromagnetic sliding device can have one or more holding elements, preferably one or more end-position magnets, to hold the sliding device in its position even when it is not activated. Alternatively, the holding elements could, for example, be one or more suction cups.

[0038] In other embodiments, the sliding device can have an activated state in which it holds the locking element in a releasing state. In the case of an electromagnetic sliding device, the activated state is preferably achieved by energizing current through current wires, and in particular wire windings, for example, of a magnet, and especially a solenoid. In the event of a power failure, the locking element is then preferably moved by the compressive force exerted by a compression spring into a position in which the locking element locks at least one door leaf.

[0039] In yet other embodiments, the sliding device can also have an activated state in which it holds the locking element in a locked position. In the case of an electromagnetic sliding device, the activated state is preferably achieved by energizing current through current wires, and in particular wire windings, for example, of a magnet, and especially a solenoid. In the event of a power failure, the locking element is then preferably moved by the compressive force exerted by a compression spring into a position in which the locking element releases at least one door leaf.

[0040] To tilt the locking element against the torsional force of a torsion spring, in particular a compression and torsion spring, the locking device also includes a tilting device. The tilting device is preferably a purely mechanical tilting device, i.e., a device designed to tilt the locking element by means of purely mechanical actuation. The tilting device is preferably a device that can be manually operated by a user, thus allowing the user to manually lock or unlock the door.

[0041] The tilting device advantageously comprises an actuating element which can be moved by a user in such a way that it tilts the locking element to unlock or lock at least one door leaf. Advantageously, the actuating element is subjected to a spring force by at least one spring element in the direction of a standard position.

[0042] The actuating element is preferably pivotable about a second axis of rotation that extends perpendicular to the first axis of rotation about which the locking element can be tilted. Particularly preferably, the second axis of rotation is defined by a rod-shaped element about which the actuating element can be pivoted, i.e., rotated.

[0043] In principle, the locking element can be either automatically moved by means of a sliding device and manually tilted by a user, or it can be automatically tilted by means of a tilting device and manually moved by a user. Automatic moving or tilting, in this context, means that the locking element is moved or tilted using a technical means, such as a solenoid or a hydraulic drive. This contrasts with manual moving or tilting, where the locking element is moved or tilted by muscle power, which may be assisted by spring force, for example.

[0044] To manually tilt or move the locking element, at least one Bowden cable is preferably provided.

[0045] The locking element preferably has one or more hooking elements, in particular one or more hooking pins, which each extend parallel to the direction of movement and which, when locked, serve to engage one or more locking hooks attached to the door leaf(s). The locking hook(s) are preferably designed to hook onto the locking element in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement. Depending on the embodiment, the hooking pin(s) can be detachably attached to the remaining part of the locking element or integrally formed with it.

[0046] The locking hook(s) preferably each have an inclined surface which, when the respective door leaf is closed or opened, serves to abut the locking element in such a way that it is tilted. Preferably, the one or more inclined surfaces abut the locking element during the closing (or opening) of the door and thereby tilt it. However, as soon as the door is fully closed (or open), the locking element advantageously pivots back, for example due to a spring force, so that the locking hooks are engaged with it.

[0047] The locking element(s) can preferably be arranged on the locking element such that, with respect to the direction of movement, they extend outwards either from the front or the rear of the locking element. Such an optional arrangement of the locking element(s) on the locking element offers the advantage that the locking device can be easily adapted to its function in the event of a power failure. Depending on whether the locking element(s) extend in one direction or the other, the locking device can assume a locking or a releasing state by default in the event of a power failure. Preferably, one or more boreholes are provided in the locking element for this purpose, into which the locking element(s) can be screwed from both sides.The locking element is preferably designed in a plate-like shape.

[0048] The locking device preferably has a compact design as a whole. Advantageously, at least the locking element and, if present, the sliding device and / or the tilting device are attached in or to the housing part, so that the locking device can preferably be attached to the door exclusively by fastening the housing part. The locking device can, in particular, have a substantially cuboid or cube-shaped design as a whole; that is, the housing part, the locking element, and, if present, the sliding device and / or the tilting device, together define the approximate shape of a cuboid or a cube with their respective outer surfaces or edges.

[0049] The present invention also relates to a door, in particular a sliding door, with at least one door leaf and a locking device as described above for locking the at least one door leaf in a closed or open position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings, which serve only for illustration and are not to be interpreted restrictively. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a locking device according to the invention from a rear oblique angle; Fig. 2 a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 1 from the front, in the locked position, that is, with the locking hooks attached to each door leaf engaged; Fig. 3 a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 1from above, in the locked position; Fig. 4 a perspective partial exploded view of the locking device of the Fig. 1 from a slightly oblique rear top view; Fig. 5 a perspective view of part of the locking device of the Fig. 1 from a slightly oblique front and top view; Fig. 6 a perspective exploded view of part of the locking device of the Fig. 5 from an oblique front and top view; Fig. 7 a perspective view of part of the locking device of the Fig. 5 from an oblique front top view, with a modified locking element; Fig. 8 is a perspective exploded view of part of the locking device. Fig. 7 from an oblique front and top view; Fig. 9a a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 1 From the front, in the releasing state, with the door at least partially open, from the front (top) and from above (bottom); Fig. 9 top view of the locking device of the Fig. 9afrom the front, in the releasing state, when the door is closing, from the front (top) and from above (bottom); Fig. 9 a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 9a from the front, in the locked position, with the door closed, from the front (top) and from above (bottom); Fig. 10a a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 1 from the front, in the locked position, with the door at least partially open, from the front (top) and from above (bottom); Fig. 10 top view of the locking device of the Fig. 10a from the front, when closing the door, from the front (top) and from above (bottom); Fig. 10c a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 10a from the front, in the locked position, with the door closed, from the front (top) and from above (bottom); Fig. 11a a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 1 , in a state released by manual actuation, from the side; Fig. 11 top view of the locking device of the Fig. 11a from the front; Fig. 11 a top view of the locking device of the Fig. 11a from above; Fig. 12 a schematic view of a sliding door with the locking device of the Fig. 1 from the front; Fig. 13 a perspective view of a locking device according to the invention in another embodiment from a rear oblique angle; and Fig. 14 a perspective view of the locking device of the Fig. 13 from a slightly angled front and above. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EXECUTION FORMS

[0051] In the Figures 1 to 11c Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a locking device 1 according to the invention in various views and states. Figure 12 shows a sliding door with such a locking device. Figures 13 and 14Figure 1 shows a further, different embodiment of a locking device also according to the invention. Elements that act identically or similarly and occur in duplicate or multiple instances are in the following each provided with the same reference numerals.

[0052] Location and direction terms such as above, below, vertical, horizontal, upwards, downwards, etc., refer in the following to the locking device, which is mounted in the intended manner on a door, particularly a sliding door. The suspension assembly is then usually positioned above the door leaf(s) with respect to the direction of gravity and is generally mounted on a wall or a fixed part of the door. Location and direction terms such as front, forwards, back, and backwards refer in each case to the locking device mounted in this manner, with "front" being the elements of the locking device closest to the wall and "back" being the elements of the locking device furthest from the wall.

[0053] The Figures 1 to 3Figure 1 shows a locking device 1 in the locked position with the door closed. The locking device 1 can be used in particular with a double-leaf sliding door 10, as shown in Figure 12 The locking device 1 is arranged centrally and fixedly at the upper edge of the door opening and serves to lock the two doors in the closing direction (along the direction of the arrow). Fig. 12 , i.e. perpendicular to the passage opening) sliding door leaf 11 to lock together in the closed position.

[0054] As can be seen particularly from the Figures 1, 2 and 3As can be seen, the locking device 1 has a housing part 2, which is preferably manufactured in one piece, for example from a sheet of metal. The housing part 2 defines an interior space of the locking device 1 downwards and to two opposite sides, as well as forwards with a retaining tab 23, in which, in particular, a locking element 5, a combined compression and torsion spring 6, a sliding device and a tilting device are housed.

[0055] The housing part 2 has a base plate 21, which is flat overall and forms a base that defines the interior of the locking device 1. On two opposite sides, the base plate 21 transitions into a side plate 25. The two side plates 25 extend vertically upwards from the outer lateral edge of the base plate 21. At the upper end of each of the two side plates 25, a mounting tab 26 extends vertically outwards. Each of the two side plates 25 has a through mounting bore 27, which serves to fasten the locking device 1 to a fixed element of the door or to an element anchored in a wall.

[0056] Each of the side plates 25 has a through-hole 28 at the same height, i.e., opposite each other, which serves to hold a pivot rod 4. The base plate 21 has several holes which serve to attach the sliding device.

[0057] Towards the front, the base plate 21 transitions into a projecting plate section 22, which extends the base plate 21 beyond the area laterally bounded by the side plates 25. From the front edge of the projecting plate section 22, a retaining tab 23 extends upwards approximately half as far as the side plates 25. A central through-hole 24 is formed in the retaining tab 23, which serves to guide a push rod 71. As shown in the Figures 5 and 6 As can be seen, the retaining tab 23 extends to one side, here in the front view ( Figure 2 ) to the right, into a support element 29 projecting laterally from this.

[0058] A sliding device is mounted on the base plate 21 of the housing part 2, which is particularly useful in the Figures 4 to 6 The sliding device comprises a lifting magnet 7, a push rod 71, a stop element 72, and a bearing ring 73. The lifting magnet 7, mounted on the base plate 21, serves to move the attached push rod 71 back and forth along its longitudinal direction, i.e., along a sliding direction V. The sliding direction V is shown in the Figures 3 and 5marked with a double arrow. The lifting magnet 7 is a known electrotechnical component which, when activated (i.e., when an electric current is switched on), exerts a linear force on the attached push rod 71. This force pulls the push rod 71 towards itself along its longitudinal extension (i.e., along the direction of displacement V) against the compressive force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring 6 on the locking element 5 and thus also on the push rod 71. The lifting magnet 7 has end-position magnets (not visible in the figures) to hold the lifting magnet 7 (and thus the push rod 71 and the locking element 5) in its position when it is deactivated after each displacement.

[0059] To move the push rod 71 and the locking element 5 forward along the displacement direction V, i.e., away from the lifting magnet 7, the lifting magnet 7 is energized with a reverse-polarized voltage, so that it exerts a force on the push rod 71 and the locking element 5 in the forward displacement direction V. The forward displacement of the locking element 5 is further supported by the restoring force of the combined compression and torsion spring 6, so that the tensile force exerted by the end-position magnet is overcome overall.

[0060] At its front end, the push rod 71 extends through the through-hole 24 provided in the retaining bracket 23. This provides lateral guidance for the push rod 71 during its forward and backward movement. To improve this guidance, a bearing ring 73 can be arranged in the through-hole 24, as shown here.

[0061] In a front area, but on the rear side of the through-bore 24, the push rod 71 has a circumferential groove into which a stop element 72 is snapped.

[0062] A locking element 5 is held on the push rod 71 such that it can be tilted around the push rod 71. In other words, the locking element 5 is attached to the push rod 71 such that it can be rotated about a first axis of rotation R1, which extends along the longitudinal direction of the push rod 71 and thus along the direction of displacement V. The locking element 5 is formed as a single piece and has a generally flat, plate-like design with a wide lower part, a narrow connecting part, and a wide upper part. The wide upper part is formed by two actuating wings 54 projecting outwards from each other. A central through-opening 51 is formed in the wide lower part, through which the push rod 71 extends. A through-bore 53 is provided on each side of the through-opening 51.In each of the bores 53, a hook pin 52 is screwed in or press-fitted in such a way that it protrudes forward from the locking element 5.

[0063] Alternatively, it is also possible to mount the locking element 5 rotated by 180° on the push rod 71, so that the hook pins 52 project backwards from the locking element 5 instead of forwards. This modification of the locking element 5 is described in the Figures 7 and 8 shown. Instead of rotating the entire locking element 5, it would alternatively also be possible to attach the hook pins 52 to the opposite side of it.

[0064] The variant of attaching the hook pins 52 to the locking element 5, which is described in the Figures 5 and 6The diagram shown is intended for use with a sliding door 10, which is to be locked by default in the event of a power failure. Due to the power failure, the solenoid 7 is deactivated, and the locking element 5 is therefore automatically moved forward by the combined compression and torsion spring 6. The locking pins 52 thus come to rest at the level of the locking hooks 9, which engage in the closed sliding door 10, as shown in the diagram. Figures 2 and 3 As shown. The sliding door 10 is thus locked.

[0065] The variant of Figures 7 and 8In contrast, this is for a sliding door 10, which is to be automatically unlocked in the event of a power failure. Here, too, the solenoid 7 is deactivated in the event of a power failure, and the locking element 5 is therefore moved forward by the combined compression and torsion spring 6. This, however, pushes the locking pins 52 forward out of the plane with the locking hooks 9. As a result, the locking hooks 9 can no longer engage with the locking pins 52, and the sliding door 10 is thus unlocked, i.e., released.

[0066] The function of whether the sliding door 10 should be automatically locked or unlocked by the locking device 1 in the event of a power failure can therefore be changed flexibly and very easily by turning the locking element 5.

[0067] The push rod 71 runs partially within a combined compression and torsion spring 6, which forms a rear stop on the housing of the solenoid 7 at its first end and a front stop on the locking element 5 at its second end. The combined compression and torsion spring 6 thus exerts a compressive force on the locking element 5, directed forward along the displacement direction V. The locking element 5 is thereby pressed by the compression and torsion spring 6 against the stop element 72 attached to the push rod 71.

[0068] The combined compression and torsion spring 6 not only exerts pressure on the locking element 5, but also imparts a torsional force to it. In the front view ( Figure 2This torsional force is directed clockwise. To exert the compression and torsional force, the combined compression and torsional spring 6 is pre-tensioned accordingly on the solenoid 7 and the locking element 5. Due to the torsional force exerted by the combined compression and torsional spring 6, the locking element 5 is rotated clockwise against the retaining tab 23 until one of the locking pins 52 rests on the support element 29 (see Figure 2 ). The actuating wings 54 of the locking element 5 extend outwards in this position in a horizontal direction.

[0069] The locking element 5, with its hook pins 52, serves primarily to lock the two door leaves 11 of the sliding door 10 ( Figure 12) to lock in the closed position. For this purpose, a locking hook 9 is attached to each of the door leaves 11, which is designed to engage with one of the locking pins 52. Preferably, as shown in the Figure 2 As shown, one of the locking hooks 9 has a downward-projecting end hook and the other an upward-projecting end hook. In a horizontal cross-sectional view, the locking element 5 with its two hook pins 52 forms a clamp- or C-shaped element, which serves to hold the two closed door leaves 11 together by engaging the locking hooks 9 attached to the door leaves 11 from opposite sides in the locking element 5, as shown, for example, in the Figure 3 This is evident. The two door leaves 11 can no longer be moved apart and are therefore locked by the locking element 5.

[0070] As in the view of the Figure 2 As can be clearly seen, the locking hooks 9 each have a beveled surface 91 in the area of ​​their end hooks. The beveled surfaces 91 serve to strike against one of the hook pins 52 when the door leaves 11 are closed, thereby tilting the locking element 5. This is particularly evident in the Figures 10a and 10b , each clearly visible in the upper image. By tilting the locking element 5 against the torsional force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring 6, the locking hooks 9 with their end hooks can be moved horizontally towards each other beyond the locking pins 52. As soon as the end hooks have passed the locking pins 52 and the door leaves 11 are in the closed position with their main closing edges abutting each other, the locking element 5 tilts, as shown in the Figure 10cAs shown in the upper image, the sliding door 10 returns to its initial position. The locking hooks 9 engage the locking pins 52 behind them, so that the sliding door 10 is not only closed but also locked.

[0071] The pivot rod 4 extends through the two through-holes 28 provided in the side plates 25 and thus in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement V. At each of its end regions, the pivot rod 4 has a circumferential groove into which a retaining ring 41 is snapped, thereby holding the pivot rod 4 to the housing part 2.

[0072] The pivoting rod 4 serves to hold a release plate 3 such that the latter can pivot around the pivoting rod 4. The pivoting rod 4 thus forms a second axis of rotation R2 about which the release plate 3 can pivot. The release plate 3 forms a tilting device, which serves to tilt the locking element 5.

[0073] The release plate 3 is formed as a single piece and is made, for example, from a sheet of metal. It has a flat main section 31 from which a mounting tab 32 extends downwards to each side via a bend. A through-opening 33 is formed opposite each other in the two mounting tabs, through which the pivot rod 4 extends. The release plate 3 is thus pivotably held on the housing part 2 via the pivot rod 4. As shown in the Figure 4As can be seen, the flat main section 31 also transitions in its front area, on the right side in the front view, via a bend into an actuating element 34, which extends vertically downwards from the main section 31. The actuating element 34, which is only provided on one side of the release plate 3, projects forwards a short distance from the main section 31.

[0074] In the area behind the fastening tabs 32, the main section 31 is slightly wider and has an angled slot 35 on each side. The angled slots 35 extend continuously through the release plate 3 in the vertical direction and a short distance inwards from the lateral edge of the main section 31 and then vertically backwards in the horizontal direction.

[0075] To manually tilt the locking element 5, a Bowden cable 8 is provided, which is particularly useful in the Figure 4This is clearly visible. The Bowden cable 8 is two-part, i.e., it consists of two identically designed parts. The Bowden cable 8 serves to manually unlock the locking device 5. For example, one part of the Bowden cable 8 can be used for manual unlocking from one side of the door, and the other part from the other side. In another embodiment, it would be possible to manufacture the Bowden cable 8 as a single piece. For the sake of simplicity, the design of the bottom cable 8 is explained below using only one of these two parts: The Bowden cable 8 has an inner wire 81, which generally runs inside a sleeve 82 and serves to transmit tensile forces. In other embodiments, the sleeve 82 can be pressure-resistant, so that the Bowden cable 8 also serves to transmit compressive forces. The sleeve 82 ends slightly spaced below the housing part 2.The inner wire 81 extends through a bore provided in the base plate 21 of the housing part 2 and from there along the vertical direction to the release plate 3. Thus, the inner wire 81 extends, in particular, perpendicular to the second axis of rotation R2. At its upper end, the inner wire 81 extends through one of the angled slots 35 provided in the release plate 3. An end clamp 88 is attached to the inner wire 81 immediately above the angled slot 35.

[0076] In the area of ​​the bore provided in the base plate 21, the inner wire 81 extends through a threaded sleeve 82. The threaded sleeve 82 has an external thread onto which a first fastening nut 85 and a second fastening nut 86 are screwed. The two fastening nuts 85 and 86 bear against the base plate 21 from opposite sides and thereby fasten the threaded sleeve 82 to housing part 2. In its lower region, the thread 83 has a radially projecting stop element 84 against which the sleeve 82 rests downwards. In the area between the housing part 2 and the release plate 3, the inner wire 81 runs longitudinally through a coil spring 87. The coil spring 87 rests with its lower end against the second fastening nut 86 and with its upper end against the underside of the release plate 3.

[0077] The spiral spring 87 is a compression spring that exerts an upward force on the release plate 3. Due to the rotatable mounting of the release plate 3 on the pivot rod 4, this force pushes the actuating element 34 downwards.

[0078] The operation of the locking device 1 is explained below using the following example. Figures 9a to 9c , 10a to 10c as well as 11a to 11c described, whereby the Figures 9a to 9c represent the automatic locking and unlocking, which Figures 10a to 10c the automatic locking in the event of a power outage and the Figures 11ab to 11c manual locking and unlocking: In the Figure 9aThe situation is shown with the sliding door 10 open and the locking device 1 releasing. To achieve this state, the solenoid 7 was previously activated, so that the locking element 5 is pulled towards the solenoid 7 via the push rod 71 against the pressure force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring 6. In the now releasing state of the Figure 9a The lifting magnet 7 is deactivated, and the locking element 5 is held in its position by an end-position magnet (not shown in the figures). The attractive force exerted by the end-position magnet on the locking element 5 thus exceeds the compressive force exerted on the locking element 5 by the combined compression and torsion spring 6. As shown in the Figures 9a and 9bAs can be seen below, the locking pins 52 are located outside the plane of the locking hooks 9 in this position of the locking element 5, and the door leaves 11 are therefore released. Even when the sliding door 10 is closed, the locking hooks 9 do not engage in the locking pins 52 ( Figure 9b However, if the sliding door 10 is to be locked when the door leaves 11 are in the closed position, the solenoid 7 is subjected to a reverse voltage, so that it exerts a forward force on the push rod 71. This, and additional support from the combined compression and torsion spring 6, moves the locking element 5 forward so that the locking pins 52 lie in the plane of the locking hooks 9, as shown in the Figure 9cas shown. Since the locking hooks 9 engage in the locking pins 52, the door leaves 11 can no longer be moved apart and are therefore locked. Upon reaching the point shown in the Figure 9c In the locking position shown, the solenoid 7 can be deactivated by the locking element 5. The locking element 5 is then held in its position by the compressive force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring 6, and possibly with the aid of an additional end-position magnet.

[0079] The Figure 10aFigure 1 shows the situation with the sliding door 10 open and the locking device 1 engaged. The solenoid 7 is deactivated here, which may have been caused by a power failure, but could also have been initiated, for example, by a control system to automatically lock the sliding door 10 in the evening after closing time. Since the solenoid 7 thus exerts no force on the locking element 5, this is moved forward by the combined compression and torsion spring 6, so that the locking pins 52 are arranged in the plane of the locking hooks 9. Figure 10a(below). If the door leaves 11 are now moved towards each other, for example manually or automatically by means of a drive (e.g., initiated by a control unit), i.e., in the direction of a position that closes the doorway, the locking hooks 9 with their inclined surfaces 91 each strike the locking pins 52 from the outside. Due to the inclined surfaces 91, the locking pins 52 are, as shown in the Figure 10b As shown above, the locking element 5 is pressed downwards or upwards, causing it to tilt against the torsional force exerted by the combined compression and torsion spring 6. Once the door leaves 11 are in contact with their main closing edges and the locking hooks 9 have thus passed the engagement pins with their end hooks, the locking element 5 is rotated back into its initial position by the combined compression and torsion spring 6, as shown in the Figure 10cAs shown, the locking hooks 9 are then engaged in the locking pins 52, thus preventing the sliding door 10 from being opened by the locking device 1. The door leaves 11 can then no longer be moved apart and are therefore locked.

[0080] The in the Figures 11a to 11c The manual unlocking and locking mechanism shown can, for example, be used to manually unlock the locked sliding door 10 in the event of an emergency or malfunction. To do this, the user pulls the inner wire 81 of the Bowden cable 8 downwards by hand. This causes the rear part of the release plate 3 to be pulled along by the end clamp 88 against the spring force exerted by the spiral springs 88, so that the release plate 3, as shown in the Figure 11ashown, around the pivoting rod 4. By pivoting the release plate 3, its actuating element 34 moves upwards. The actuating element 34 strikes the underside of one of the two actuating wings 54 of the locking element 5 and lifts it, causing the locking element 5 to tilt around the push rod 71 against the torsional force exerted by the compression and torsion spring 6 ( Figures 11a and 11bBy tilting, the locking pins 52 disengage from the locking hooks 9, releasing the door leaves 11 and allowing the sliding door 10 to be opened. As soon as the Bowden cable 8 is released by the user, the release plate 3 pivots back into its initial position due to the pressure exerted by the coil springs 87. The torsional force exerted by the compression and torsion spring 6 also rotates the locking element 5 back into its initial position. If the sliding door 10 is to be closed and locked again after opening, this can be done simply by sliding the door leaves 11 closed by hand. The locking hooks 9 then engage, as shown in the diagram. Figures 10a to 10c As shown, at the locking element 5, they tilt and finally engage again in the locking pins 52. It is therefore possible to manually unlock and lock the sliding door 10 even in the event of a power failure.

[0081] Another embodiment of a locking device 1, which is also in accordance with the invention, is described in the Figures 13 and 14 shown. In contrast to the embodiment of the Figures 1 to 11c The locking device 1 of the Figures 13 and 14 a locking element 5 in which the locking pins 52 are integrally connected to the remaining part of the locking element 5, i.e., the locking element 5 is formed as a single piece. Otherwise, the embodiment corresponds to the Figures 13 and 14 regarding their functioning compared to those of Figures 1 to 11c , even if certain elements and especially parts thereof differ, particularly with regard to their dimensions, from those of the embodiment of the Figures 1 to 11c differ. The locking device 1 of the Figures 13 and 14 is also suitable for use with a sliding door 10, as used in the Figure 12 shown.

[0082] The foregoing invention is, of course, not limited to the present embodiments, and a multitude of variations are possible. For example, it would be conceivable to provide a different drive, such as a hydraulic or pneumatic drive or an electric rotary drive, for moving the push rod 71 instead of a lifting magnet. In other embodiments, the moving device need not even be a mechanically driven device, but could also be manually operated. It would also be conceivable to provide an electrically controlled drive instead of the Bowden cable 8, for example. The roles of the manual and mechanically driven actuation for locking and unlocking could thus also be reversed.It would also be possible to provide a locking device according to the invention in which both the sliding and the tilting of the locking element are electrically driven or purely manually by muscle power. Furthermore, the way in which the locking element is designed and held in the housing part can be completely different in other embodiments. A multitude of other variations are possible. REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0083] 1 locking device 6 Combined printing and 2 Housing part Torsion spring 21 Base plate 22 Protruding plate part 7 Lifting magnet 23 Retaining tab 71 Push rod 24 through hole 72 Stop element 25 side panel 73 bearing ring 26 Mounting tab 27 Mounting hole 8 Bowden cable 28 through hole 81 inner wire 29 support element 82 83 Threaded sleeve 3 Release plate 84 Stop element 31 Main section 85 First fastening nut 32 Mounting tab 86 Second fastening nut 33 Passage opening 87 coil spring 34 Actuating element 88 End terminal 35 Angle slot 9 locking hook 4 Swivel rod 91 inclined surface 41 Mounting ring 10 sliding door 5 locking element 11 Door leaf 51 Passage opening 52 Hook pin R1 First axis of rotation 53 Drilling R2 Second axis of rotation 54 Actuating wing V Direction of movement

Claims

1. A locking device (1) for a door, in particular for a sliding door (10), with at least one door leaf (11), comprising a housing part (2), a locking element (5) held by the housing part (2), which serves to lock and unlock the at least one door leaf (11) in a closed or open position, wherein the locking element (5) can be displaced relative to the housing part (2) both along a displacement direction (V) and tilted about a rotation axis (R1) in order to enable locking and unlocking of the at least one door leaf (11) alternatively both by displacing and by tilting the locking element (5), characterized in that the locking device comprises a compression spring (6) and a displacement device for displacing the locking element (5) against the compressive force of the compression spring (6) along the displacement direction (V), and / or that the locking device has a torsion spring (6) and a tilting device (3) for tilting the locking element (5) about the axis of rotation (R1) against the torsional force of the torsion spring (6).

2. The locking device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the displacement device comprises a lifting magnet (7).

3. The locking device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the displacement device (7) comprises an activated state in which the displacement device (7) holds the locking element (5) in a releasing state or in a locking state.

4. The locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compression spring and the torsion spring are formed by a combined compression and torsion spring (6).

5. The locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tilting device (3) has an actuating element (34) which can be pivoted about a second axis of rotation (R2) extending perpendicular to the first axis of rotation (R1) about which the locking element (5) can be tilted.

6. The locking device (1) according to claim 4, wherein the combined compression and torsion spring (6) is adapted to apply a compressive force to the locking element (5) along the displacement direction (V) and a torsional force about the axis of rotation (R1), preferably to hold the locking element (5) in a state in which it locks or releases the at least one door leaf (11).

7. The locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, additionally comprising one or more retaining elements, in particular one or more end position magnets, for holding the locking element (5) in a releasing state and / or in a locking state.

8. The locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the locking element (5) can either be automatically displaced by means of a displacement device (7) and manually tilted by a user, or can be automatically tilted by means of a tilting device (3) and manually displaced by a user.

9. The locking device (1) according to claim 8, wherein at least one Bowden cable (8) is provided to manually tilt or displace the locking element (5).

10. The locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the locking element (5) comprises one or more hooking elements, in particular hooking pins (52), which each extend parallel to the displacement direction (V) and which, when locking, serve to hook one or more locking hooks (9) attached to the door leaf or leaves (11).

11. The locking device (1) according to claim 10, wherein the hooking element or elements (52) can be arranged on the locking element in such a way that they extend outwards relative to the displacement direction (V) from the front or from the rear of the locking element (5).

12. A door, in particular a sliding door (10), with at least one door leaf (11) and a locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims for locking the at least one door leaf (11) in a closed or open position.

13. The door according to claim 12, wherein a locking hook (9) is attached to each of the one or more door leaves (11), which is adapted to hook onto the locking element (5) in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction (V).

14. The door according to claim 13, wherein the locking hook(s) (9) each have an inclined surface (91) which, when the respective door leaf (11) is closed or opened, serves to strike the locking element (5) in such a way that it is tilted.

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