Mounting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a mounting device (10) for mounting a protection element (11), in particular on a military vehicle, said device comprising a mounting element (4) extending along a mounting axis (M), wherein the protection element (11) can be mounted in a mounting plane (M1) via a screw connection (1) with a defined tightening torque (F1), wherein the mounting element (4) has a mounting surface (3) which is offset outwards in an axial direction in relation to the mounting plane (M1), and on which an external load (12) can be mounted via a second screw connection (2) with a second tightening torque (F2), in such a way that the first and second tightening torques (F1, F2) are independent of each other.

Description

[0001] Mounting device

[0002] The invention relates to a mounting device for mounting a protective element, in particular on a military vehicle, comprising a mounting element extending along a mounting axis, wherein the protective element can be mounted in a mounting plane via a screw connection with a defined tightening torque. Further objects of the invention relate to a protective device for protecting a military vehicle and a method for mounting a protective element.

[0003] Mounting devices of the aforementioned type have proven themselves in practice and can be used, for example, to attach additional protective elements to the exterior of military vehicles, thereby increasing the overall protective effect. Typically, mounting elements extending along a mounting axis are used to connect the protective elements to the vehicle, allowing for a screw connection of the protective elements to the vehicle. This screw connection allows the protective elements to be detachably connected to the vehicle and thus dismantled or replaced with other protective elements in a relatively simple manner.

[0004] In the simplest case, the mounting element can be a threaded rod connected to the vehicle, extending through the protective element and onto which a nut can be screwed. The nut allows the protective element to be pressed against the exterior of the vehicle in a mounting plane with a defined tightening torque, thus connecting it to the vehicle. Since the protective element rests directly on the vehicle's exterior surface when installed, the mounting plane corresponds to the vehicle's exterior surface.

[0005] While such mounting devices have proven themselves in practice, problems can arise when additional external loads are to be attached to the mounting element. When an external load is pressed against the protective element via a nut that can also be screwed onto the mounting element, this increases the tightening torque acting on the protective elements. The first or internal tightening torque is then inevitably greater than the second external tightening torque. This can cause problems, particularly when the protective element is hollow or at least partially hollow, so that the first tightening torque must not exceed low limits, but the external load requires a comparatively high tightening torque, e.g. due to its high weight.Based on this, the invention has the object of specifying a mounting device which allows the mounting of external loads, but in which the tightening torque of the protective element is not excessively increased by the external loads.

[0006] This object is achieved in an assembly device of the type mentioned at the outset by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

[0007] The mounting surface, which is offset axially outwards from the mounting plane, allows the external load to be connected to or mounted on the vehicle largely independently of the protective element. The tightening torque of the external load only acts on the mounting surface or mounting element, but not on the protective element, so that the first tightening torque is not increased by the second tightening torque. The two tightening torques are therefore independent of one another, and the second tightening torque can be greater than the first tightening torque. This means that protective elements that only tolerate a low tightening torque and external loads that require a high tightening torque can be used simultaneously. The mounting device allows the simultaneous mounting of a protective element and an external load using just a single mounting element.

[0008] It has proven advantageous if the mounting element can be connected to the outside of the vehicle, in particular to a slug arranged on the outside of the vehicle. The slug can enable a reliable connection of the mounting element and thus also of the protective element and the external load to the vehicle. The mounting element can be screwed into the slug so that it can be connected to and separated from the slug in a comparatively simple manner. The slug can therefore have an internal thread into which the mounting element can be screwed. The slug can therefore be designed like a screw bushing. To ensure a reliable connection via the slug, it can be firmly connected to the vehicle or to the outside of the vehicle, in particular welded.

[0009] With regard to the geometric design of the mounting element, it has proven advantageous if it is cylindrical. A cylindrical mounting element creates the possibility of a screw connection, which enables a stable, yet also detachable connection between the protective element and the external load. The mounting element can therefore be designed like a screw extending along the mounting axis. The mounting element can be rotationally symmetrical, with the mounting axis running centrally through the mounting element and thus forming its axis of symmetry. The mounting axis can extend perpendicular to the mounting plane and thus also perpendicular to the outside of the vehicle. If the mounting element is connected to the slugs or screwed into them, the mounting element can thus protrude horizontally relative to the outside of the vehicle.

[0010] In a further development of the mounting element, it has proven advantageous if it has a first thread to form the first screw connection and a second thread to form the second screw connection. The first thread can therefore be assigned to the first screw connection and the second thread to the second screw connection. The armor element can be mounted via the first thread and pressed against the outside of the vehicle. The external load can be mounted on the vehicle or connected to the vehicle via the second thread. Both threads can be arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, with the first thread facing the vehicle or the outside of the vehicle and the second thread being arranged on the side of the mounting element facing away from the vehicle.

[0011] With regard to the two threads, it has proven advantageous if the first thread has a larger diameter than the second thread. Due to the different diameters, different tightening torques and forces can be transmitted via the corresponding screw connections. The larger first thread distributes the contact force acting on the protective element due to the tightening torque over a comparatively large area, thus reducing the contact pressure. The two differently sized threads also offer advantages during assembly, as the correct alignment of the mounting element can be felt, allowing assembly to be carried out at least partially blindly.

[0012] With regard to the two threads, it has also proven advantageous if they have the same thread axis. The two threads can thus be arranged concentrically and one behind the other in the axial direction. The thread axis can coincide with the mounting axis. The first thread can be arranged on the inner side of the mounting element, i.e., the side facing the vehicle, and the second thread can be arranged on the outer side, i.e., the side facing away from the vehicle.

[0013] With regard to the two tightening torques, it has proven advantageous if the external load can be mounted via the second screw connection with the second tightening torque in such a way that the first tightening torque is lower than the second tightening torque. The external load can therefore be connected to the mounting element with a comparatively high tightening torque and, for example, very firmly, whereby this tightening torque does not influence the tightening torque of the protective element. The protective element, on the other hand, can be mounted with a lower tightening torque, which prevents damage to the protective element. In this respect, the protective element can even be arranged so that it can be moved relative to the outside of the vehicle and thus also relative to the mounting element within certain limits, with certain tightening torques and mounting situations, whereas the external load can be fixedly mounted and, in this respect, cannot be moved. In this respect, the mounting device enables, for example:A floating mounting of the protective element, but simultaneously a fixed mounting of the external load. In particular, if the protective element is hollow, at least partially hollow, filled, lattice-like, elastic within certain limits, equipped with reactive or activatable elements, or for other reasons, particularly in the area of ​​attachment to the vehicle, cannot be subjected to high mechanical loads, it can only be mounted with a comparatively low tightening torque in order to keep the compressive forces acting on the protective element below a specified limit.

[0014] In a further development of the invention, it has proven advantageous if the mounting device has a nut that can be screwed onto the first thread for mounting the protective element. The nut can be screwed onto the first thread, for example, by hand or using a tool such as a wrench. It is advantageous if the nut can be screwed onto the first thread from the side facing the vehicle. By turning the nut, the nut can be moved back and forth in the axial direction on the first thread and can therefore also press against the protective element with a variable force. Depending on the position or tightening torque of the nut, the protective element can thus be pressed onto the outside of the vehicle with an adjustable force or with an adjustable pressure.In a structurally advantageous embodiment, the nut is designed as a union nut. To protect the protective element, it has proven advantageous if a washer is provided between the nut and the protective element. This washer can prevent damage to the protective element and, for example, scratching of the protective element surface caused by the nut. Furthermore, the washer can distribute the force acting from the nut on the protective element over a larger area, which can also prevent damage. The washer can be made of metal, in particular steel, and can therefore be very strong. The washer can be annular, and the central axis of the washer can coincide with the mounting axis. The mounting element can extend centrally through the washer orextend through the annular recess of the washer.

[0015] According to an advantageous development of the invention, it is proposed that an additional washer be provided for placement between the washer and the protective element. The additional washer can have the same size and the same geometric configuration as the washer.

[0016] With regard to the additional washer, it has also proven advantageous if it is compressible in the axial direction. The possible compression of the additional washer can limit the force acting on the protective element or the tightening torque of the nut. The compression can also ensure that the protective element can move within certain limits relative to the mounting element or the nut, particularly in the axial direction. The additional washer can therefore also ensure a floating bearing of the protective element. The additional washer can, for example, be made of rubber or plastic and have a lower strength than the washer. With regard to the washer, it has proven advantageous if it has an inner cone. The inner cone can be arranged on the side of the washer facing the nut.The opposite side of the washer can be designed flat, so that it rests as flat as possible on the additional washer or the protective element. This ensures even force transmission to the protective element.

[0017] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the nut has an outer cone designed to correspond to the inner cone of the washer. The nut or the corresponding outer cone can penetrate into the washer when the nut is screwed in the direction of the protective element, so that the outer cone of the nut contacts the inner cone of the washer. By this penetration of the nut into the washer, the axial length of the screw connection can be reduced, whereby an overall smaller distance can be achieved between the external load and the protective element in the assembled state. This design therefore also means that the external dimensions of the vehicle increase only slightly due to the additional external load and the external load can reach as close as possible to the protective element.

[0018] With regard to the second screw connection, it has proven advantageous if the mounting device has a second nut that can be screwed onto the second thread for mounting the external load. This nut, which can be screwed onto the second thread, also allows the external load to be detachably mounted on the vehicle and thus easily removed or replaced with another external load.

[0019] With regard to the two nuts, it has proven advantageous if the first and second nuts can be screwed onto the respective threads from different directions. The outer or second nut can be screwed onto the mounting element or the corresponding thread from the outside, and the inner or first nut can be screwed onto the mounting element or the corresponding thread from the inside. Both nuts can therefore move toward the center of the mounting element when screwed on.

[0020] According to an advantageous development, it is proposed that the nuts and threads be designed such that the nuts can be rotated in the same direction to generate the respective tightening torque. Initially, the two nuts can be screwed onto the respective threads from different directions. To generate the tightening torque, the first nut can then be screwed in the opposite direction, i.e., essentially unscrewed from the first thread. The first nut can then move toward the protective element, thereby pressing the protective element against the vehicle exterior.

[0021] With regard to the second screw connection, it has also proven advantageous to provide a washer between the second nut and the external load. Just as already explained with regard to the first screw connection, the washer in the second screw connection can also distribute the acting force or tightening torque over a larger area of ​​the external load and also prevent scratches when turning the nut.

[0022] With regard to the mounting surface, it has proven advantageous if it is arranged between the first thread and the second thread. When screwing on the respective nuts, they can therefore be moved in the direction of the mounting surface. The mounting surface can be arranged perpendicular to the mounting axis and thus extend parallel to the first mounting plane or to the outside of the vehicle. It has also proven advantageous if the external load can be mounted on the mounting surface via the second screw connection in a second mounting plane. The external load can therefore also be mounted on the outside of the vehicle or on the vehicle via the mounting surface. The second mounting plane can extend parallel to the first mounting plane, so that the external load can also be arranged parallel to the protective element.

[0023] According to a structurally advantageous development of the invention, it is proposed that the second thread is connected to the mounting surface via a cylindrical section extending in the axial direction, in particular a smooth one. The second thread can thus be arranged at a distance from the mounting surface in the axial direction. The second thread can not reach all the way to the mounting surface, but end shortly before the mounting surface. The cylindrical section can have the same diameter as the second thread and connect seamlessly to it. Smooth in this context means that the cylindrical section has no thread. The cylindrical section can be approximately as long as the thickness of the external load. In the mounted state, the external load can be arranged on the cylindrical section between the second nut screwed onto the thread and the mounting surface.This design means that the external load must be advanced over the second thread until it reaches the mounting position. However, in the mounting position, when the external load is in contact with the mounting surface, it no longer comes into contact with the thread. The radial outer surface of the cylinder section can thus serve as a support surface for the external load. The potentially sharp-edged thread therefore cannot damage the external load, at least not in the mounting position.

[0024] The mounting surface can be part of the mounting element, and the mounting surface can be connected to the two threads. The mounting element can be a single-piece component, which is therefore not composed of several detachable or spaced-apart assemblies.

[0025] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the mounting surface for mounting the external load is arranged on a collar that projects radially, in particular relative to the first thread. The collar can protrude from the first thread in the manner of a ring and thus provide a surface for mounting the external load. The collar can therefore be designed as a connecting collar. The collar can be integrally connected to the first and second threads. In an alternative design, the collar can also be angular. Overall, the collar can be plate-shaped and thus narrow in the axial direction. This means that the collar provides a sufficiently large mounting surface for mounting the external load, but at the same time requires very little space, particularly in the axial direction, so that the distance from the external load to the protective element can be small.The mounting surface can be arranged on the side of the collar facing the second thread, so that the external load is applied to the collar or mounting surface from the outside when mounted. The second mounting plane can correspond to the mounting surface.

[0026] According to an advantageous development, it has proven advantageous if the transition between the collar and the first thread is conical. The corresponding cone can be designed to taper towards the first thread, since the thread can have a smaller diameter than the collar or the mounting surface. The cone improves the stability of the collar, allowing it to absorb large forces and thus the second nut can also be tightened with a high tightening torque. The conical transition can essentially function as a support acting in the axial direction, so that the collar cannot be sheared off the mounting element even at high tightening torques.

[0027] With regard to the first nut, it has proven advantageous if it has an inner cone to cover the transition between the collar and the first thread. This inner cone allows the nut to be screwed as far as possible onto the first thread toward the mounting surface or collar, resulting in a very space-saving design in the axial direction, as the first thread can be shortened by this offset. The two conical surfaces can abut each other when the nut reaches its final position and has been fully screwed onto the thread toward the collar.

[0028] With regard to the mounting element, it has proven advantageous if it has a third thread for screwing into the stud. The third thread can be independent of the other two threads and approximately correspond to the length of the stud. The mounting element can thus be screwed firmly into the stud, allowing the forces acting on the mounting element to be transferred into the stud and thus into the vehicle.

[0029] It has also proven advantageous if the mounting element has an interface, in particular an external hexagon, via which the mounting element can be screwed into the stud. The mounting element can therefore be screwed into the stud using a tool, for example a wrench, via the third thread and thus firmly connected to the vehicle exterior. Alternatively, the interface can also be designed as a cross or slotted interface. A defined tightening torque can be applied via the interface so that the mounting element can be reliably mounted on the vehicle. The interface can be arranged in the outer end region of the mounting element and opposite the third thread.

[0030] With regard to the threads, it has proven advantageous if the first thread is arranged between the second thread and the third thread. The second and third threads can be arranged in opposite end regions of the mounting element, so that the mounting element can be connected to the slug at one end and the external load can be mounted on the mounting element or via the mounting element on the vehicle at the other end.

[0031] The third thread can have a smaller diameter than the first thread, so that a diameter step, e.g. in the manner of a shoulder, can be provided between the first thread and the third thread. The mounting element can be screwed into the slug until the diameter step rests on top of the slug and further screwing into the slug is then no longer possible. The diameter step means that the slug can always be screwed the same distance into the slug. This is particularly advantageous if the protective element and / or the external load are to be mounted on the vehicle using several mounting devices, since the mounting surfaces of all mounting devices are then at the same distance from the vehicle, ensuring that the external load runs parallel to the vehicle surface.

[0032] With regard to the object mentioned above, a protective device for protecting a military vehicle is further proposed, comprising a protective element and an external load. The protective element and the external load can be mounted on the military vehicle via a common mounting device, and the mounting device is designed in the manner described above. This results in the advantages already described with regard to the mounting device.

[0033] With regard to the slug, which can be part of the protective device, it has proven advantageous if it is designed as a screw-in slug. A screw-in slug can enable a stable, yet detachable connection of the protective element and the external load to the vehicle or to the vehicle exterior. The slug can be firmly connected to the vehicle exterior, in particular welded to it. A welded connection allows large forces to be transferred to the vehicle and thus also allows heavy external loads to be mounted.

[0034] With regard to the protective element, it has proven advantageous if it has a recess, in particular a circular one, which is larger than the outer diameter of the slug, so that the protective element can be applied directly to the outside of the vehicle. The slug can protrude from the outside of the vehicle and then be arranged in the recess of the protective element. In this respect, the slug can hold or secure the protective element in the radial direction during assembly, before it is firmly mounted to the vehicle in the axial direction by the assembly device. Before assembly, the protective element can be positioned such that the slug is in the recess and the protective element rests against the outside of the vehicle in the first assembly plane. The protective element can be held in this position on the outside of the vehicle by the slug, which significantly simplifies assembly using the assembly device.In particular, if several slugs are arranged on the outside of the vehicle and the protective element accordingly also has several recesses, one for each slug, even large protective elements can be easily mounted using the mounting devices and secured in the respective slugs.

[0035] With regard to the protective element and the external load, it has proven advantageous if they are arranged at a distance from one another and parallel to one another. The protective element and the external load can both have a flat geometry and extend parallel to the outside of the vehicle. The distance can primarily depend on the length of the first thread or the length of the first nut as well as the thickness of the collar. Due to the spaced arrangement of the protective element and the external load, as well as the mounting surface or second mounting plane being offset outwards and parallel to the first mounting plane, only a very small amount of forces can be transferred from the external load to the protective element.

[0036] To mount the external load, this can also have a recess, in particular a circular recess. The external load can be advanced via the recess over the third thread until it rests as flatly as possible against the mounting surface. If the external load is mounted on the vehicle using multiple mounting devices 10, multiple recesses can also be provided accordingly. Since the second thread can have a smaller diameter than the stud, the diameter of the recess of the external load can also be smaller than the diameter of the recess of the protective element.

[0037] With regard to the external load, it has also proven advantageous if it is designed as a shelf or as part of a shelf. A shelf can provide additional storage space on the outside of the vehicle and can be used, for example, to hold items that are primarily needed outside the vehicle and not inside the vehicle. For example, the external load to be mounted can be a rear sheet metal part facing the vehicle, in particular a rear wall, of a shelf or a storage device.

[0038] Alternatively, the external load can also be designed as an additional protective element, which can further increase the vehicle's armor. In this respect, it can also be advantageous if the second protective element is arranged at a distance from the first protective element.

[0039] Furthermore, the invention has the object of specifying a method for mounting a protective element, in particular on a military vehicle, with a mounting device, wherein the method allows mounting of external loads, but the tightening torque of the protective element is not excessively increased by the external loads.

[0040] To achieve this, it is proposed that the mounting device has a mounting element extending along a mounting axis, wherein the protective element is mounted in a mounting plane via a screw connection with a defined tightening torque, wherein the mounting element has a mounting surface which is offset outwards in the axial direction with respect to the mounting plane, to which mounting surface an external load is mounted via a second screw connection with a second tightening torque such that the first and second tightening torques are independent of one another. It is advantageous if the method is carried out with a mounting device or if an mounting device is used for the method as described above. This results in the advantages already described with regard to the mounting device. Furthermore, the advantages already described with regard to the protective device can also result.With regard to the method, it has further proven advantageous if, in order to mount the protective element, the first nut is screwed onto the mounting element in a first direction onto the first thread, the mounting element is then fastened to the outside of the vehicle, in particular screwed into the boss, and the nut is then turned in the opposite direction with the first tightening torque until it presses the protective element onto the outside of the vehicle. In order to screw the nut onto the first thread, it can be pushed forward in the axial direction over the smaller third thread until it reaches the first thread. In order to be able to screw the nut directly onto the first thread, the third thread can also have a smaller diameter than the first thread.In order for the third thread to be completely screwed into the stud, the nut can first be screwed at least a little way onto the first thread, in particular at least far enough that the nut no longer protrudes in the axial direction compared to the first thread. Once the assembly element has been connected to the stud, the protective element previously positioned on the outside of the vehicle can still be moved in the axial direction between the outside of the vehicle and the nut. By turning the nut in the opposite direction, it can be moved towards the outside of the vehicle and thus also towards the protective element. When the nut then reaches the protective element at a certain point and makes contact, if necessary.By making indirect contact via the washer and / or intermediate washer, the nut can press the protective element against the outside of the vehicle with a force that depends on the tightening torque, so that the protective element is then firmly mounted on the vehicle. The protective element is then fixed between the nut or the washer and / or additional washer and the outside of the vehicle and can no longer be moved. In a further development of the method, it has proven advantageous if, in a next step, the second nut is screwed onto the second thread to mount the external load. To do this, the external load can first be pushed forward in the axial direction over the second thread until it rests on the mounting surface. The external load can then be fixed in this position by screwing the nut onto the second thread until it comes into contact with the external load, if necessary via the washer.The external load can then be pressed against the mounting surface using the second tightening torque.

[0041] The screw connection can be designed in such a way that a process can be carried out in the manner described above.

[0042] Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the attached schematic drawings of two exemplary embodiments. In these drawings:

[0043] Fig. 1 shows an assembly device according to a first embodiment in an exploded view;

[0044] Fig. 2a shows the mounting device according to Fig. 1 in the mounted state in a side view;

[0045] Fig. 2b the mounting device according to Fig. 2a in a side sectional view

[0046] Fig. 3 shows an assembly device according to a second embodiment in an exploded view; Fig. 4a shows the assembly device according to Fig. 3 in the assembled state in a side view;

[0047] Fig. 4b the mounting device according to Fig. 3a in a side sectional view.

[0048] The illustration in Fig. 1 shows a mounting device 10 according to a first exemplary embodiment, by means of which both a protective element 11 and an external load 12 can be mounted on the exterior 13 of a vehicle. The protective element 11 can increase the protective effect of the vehicle, and the option of additionally arranging an external load 12 on the outside of the vehicle allows the overall storage space of the vehicle to be increased. This is because the external mounting eliminates the need to carry the external load 12 inside the vehicle. Furthermore, the external load 12 itself can also provide additional storage space, for example, if it is designed as a shelf.

[0049] The protective element 11 and the external load 12 can be mounted using two independent screw connections 1, 2 and thus also using two independent tightening torques F1, F2 via the mounting device 10. It is therefore possible for the external load 12 arranged further outwards to be mounted with greater force or a greater tightening torque F2 than the protective element 11 arranged further inwards. In this respect, very heavy external loads 12 requiring a large tightening torque F2 and, at the same time, protective elements 11 can be used which may only be mounted with a relatively low tightening torque in order to, for example, prevent damage to the protective element 11. In order to accordingly screw the protective element 11 and the external load 12 to the vehicle orthe vehicle exterior 13, the mounting device 11 has a mounting element 4, which is essentially cylindrical in shape and can be seen in particular in the illustration in Fig. 1. The mounting element 4 has a thread 4.1, via which it can be screwed like a screw into a slug 14 arranged on the vehicle exterior 13. The slug 14 is firmly connected to the vehicle exterior 13 via a welded connection and thus enables reliable force transmission into the vehicle or the vehicle exterior. So that the mounting element 4 can be screwed into the slug 14, the latter has an internal thread designed to correspond to the thread 4.1 of the mounting element 4, so that the mounting element 4 can be detachably connected to the vehicle or the vehicle exterior 14 via the slug 14.

[0050] In order to rotate the mounting element 4 about the mounting axis M and screw it into the stud 14, the mounting element 4 has an interface 4.2 at the end opposite the thread 4.1. In the exemplary embodiment, this interface is designed in the manner of an external hexagon and thus allows the mounting element 4 to be easily screwed into the stud 14 like a screw using a wrench.

[0051] The screwed-in mounting element 4 then protrudes perpendicularly from the vehicle outer side 13, which can also be seen from the mounting axis M shown in Fig. 2a and 2b, which extends centrally through the mounting element 4. Since the direction of the mounting element 4 or the mounting axis M depends on the orientation of the slug 14 and its thread, the slug 14 is accordingly arranged at a right angle to the vehicle outer side 13 and the internal thread of the slug 14 or the thread axis of the slug 14 also runs perpendicular to the vehicle outer side 13 or to the mounting plane M1 of the protective element 11.

[0052] In addition to the thread 4.1, the mounting element 4 has two further threads 1.1 and 2.1, wherein the first thread 1.1 belongs to the first screw connection 1 for mounting the protective element 11 and the second thread 2.1 belongs to the second screw connection 2 for mounting the external load 12. Furthermore, the nuts 1.2 and 2.2 also shown in the illustrations belong to the respective screw connections 1, 2 and via these the respective tightening torques F1, F2 can be applied to the protective element 11 and the external load 12, respectively. The mounting of the protective element 11 and the external load 12 using the mounting device 10 will now be described in more detail.

[0053] In order to first mount the protective element 11, it must be brought into a position in which the slug 14 is within the recess

[0054] 11.1 of the protective element 11. In this position, the protective element 11 is essentially located on the vehicle outer side 13 and, due to the boss 14 extending into the recess 11.1, is not movable in the vertical direction, but is not yet secured in the axial direction. In a next assembly step, the nut 1.2 is first screwed a little way onto the thread 1.1 of the mounting element 4 and the washer 1.3 shown in Fig. 1 is moved over the end of the mounting element 4 and positioned behind the nut 1.2. Then, the mounting element 4, together with the screwed-on nut 4.1, is screwed into the boss 14 via the interface 4.2 in the manner described above. Since the third thread 4.1 has a smaller diameter than the first thread

[0055] 1.1, a diameter jump 4.4 in the manner of a shoulder is arranged between these two threads. The mounting element 4 is now screwed into the stud 14 until the diameter jump 4.4 rests on top of the stud 14, so that the mounting element 4 can no longer be screwed into the stud 14. In this position, the nut 1.2 has a certain axial distance from the protective element 11, so that the latter is not yet fixed in the axial direction, but can be moved back and forth between the vehicle exterior 13 and the nut 1.2.

[0056] To tighten the protective element 11 with a defined tightening torque F1 and press it against the vehicle exterior 13, the nut 1.2 is unscrewed in the opposite direction from the thread 1.1 until the washer 1.3 contacts the protective element 11. By turning the nut 1.2, the tightening torque F1 and thus the contact pressure acting on the protective element 11 can be adjusted. The washer 1.3 located between the nut 1.2 and the vehicle exterior 13 ensures that the surface of the protective element 11 is not scratched due to rotation of the nut 1.2, since the nut 1.2 does not come into direct contact with the protective element 11. As can be seen in Fig. 2b, in the mounted state the protective element 11 lies as flat as possible against the vehicle outer side 13 and the mounting plane M1 of the protective element 11 corresponds to the vehicle outer side 13.

[0057] When the protective element 11 is mounted accordingly, the outer end of the mounting element 4 protrudes perpendicularly from the protective element 11, so that the external load 12 can be mounted at this free end. For this purpose, the mounting element 4 has the second thread 2.1 in this area, which, together with the nut 2.2, forms the second screw connection 2, via which the external load 12 can also be detachably mounted to the stud 14 or to the vehicle.

[0058] Between the first thread 1.1 and the second thread 2.1, the mounting element 4 has a collar 5 projecting in the radial direction, the surface of which facing the outer end of the mounting element 4 is designed as a mounting surface 3. This mounting surface 3 extends perpendicular to the mounting axis M and is thus arranged parallel to the vehicle outer side 13. The mounting surface 3 offers the possibility of connecting the external load 12 to the mounting element 4 and, via it, also to the vehicle, independently of the protective element 11. For mounting purposes, the external load 12, much like the protective element 11, has a recess 12.1 which approximately corresponds to the diameter of the second thread 2.1. The external load 12 can thus be pushed forward in the axial direction over the second thread 2.1 until it rests against the mounting surface 3.

[0059] As can be seen in Fig. 1, the thread 2.1 does not extend to the collar 5 or the mounting surface 3, but ends slightly before it. The cylindrical section 4.3 adjoining the thread 2.1 has approximately the same diameter as the thread 2.1, but is not itself provided with a thread. The cylindrical section 4.3 serves to prevent the external load 12 or the recess 12.1 from coming into direct contact with the thread 2.1 in the mounted position.

[0060] When the external load 12 rests on the mounting surface 3, it can be fixed to the mounting surface 3 by means of a nut 2.2 that can be screwed onto the thread 2.1, so that the external load 12 is then clamped between the nut 2.2 and the collar 5. A washer 2.3 is also provided between the nut 2.2 and the external load 12, which, analogous to the washer 1.3 between the nut 1.2 and the protective element 11, prevents damage to the external load 12 by the nut 2.2. By means of the collar 5 and the corresponding mounting surface 3, the external load 12 can thus be mounted on the vehicle in a mounting plane M2 that is arranged parallel to the mounting plane M1. Due to this mounting, the external load 12 is then arranged parallel to and at a distance from the protective element 11.

[0061] Depending on how tightly the nut 2.2 is tightened, the contact pressure with which the external load 12 is pressed onto the mounting surface 3 changes. The corresponding tightening torque F2 of the nut 2.2 is independent of the tightening torque F1 of the nut 1.2. This means that the external load 12 can be mounted with a greater tightening torque F2 than the protective element 11 and that the tightening torque F2 does not influence the tightening torque F1. Even if the external load 12 is, for example, very heavy and therefore requires a high tightening torque F2 and the protective element 11 may only be mounted with a low tightening torque F2, e.g. to prevent damage, the mounting device 10 enables simultaneous mounting of both elements via a single connection point on the vehicle.

[0062] A further exemplary embodiment will now be described with reference to Figs. 3, 4a, and 4b. This embodiment differs primarily with regard to the design of the nut 1.2, the washer 1.3, and the transition 4.5 between the collar 5 and the first thread 1.1. With regard to the remaining elements and the basic functioning of the mounting device 10, reference is made to the above description of the first exemplary embodiment, which is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2a, and 2b, to avoid repetition.

[0063] What is striking when comparing the first and second embodiments, for example, based on the illustrations in Figs. 2b and 4b, is that the distance between the protective element 11 and the external load 12 is smaller in the second embodiment. Accordingly, the two mounting planes M1, M2 in the second embodiment are also closer to each other in the axial direction, and the mounting element 4 and the first thread 1.1 are somewhat shorter overall.

[0064] The reason for this smaller axial distance is primarily due to the fact that the nut 1.2 and the washer 1.3 are not simply arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, as in the first exemplary embodiment, but that the nut 1.2 penetrates the washer 1.3 and even penetrates it, as can be seen in the sectional side view of Fig. 4b. The washer 1.3 therefore does not increase the axial distance between the two mounting surfaces M1, M2, but nevertheless results in the force of the nut 1.2 being distributed over a certain area around the recess 11.1 and that the nut 1.2 does not come into direct contact with the protective element 11, to prevent damage.

[0065] From a design perspective, the nut has an outer cone 1.22 on its side facing the protective element 11 or the washer 1.3, and the washer 1.3 has a correspondingly designed inner cone 1.31. The angles of the two cones 1.22, 1.31 are almost identical, resulting in the most flat contact possible between the nut 1.2 and the washer 1.3. Due to the two conical surfaces, the tip of the nut 1.2 can penetrate the washer 1.3, but at the same time transfer the axial contact force for mounting the protective element via the washer 1.3 to the protective element 11, thus pressing it against the vehicle exterior 13.

[0066] On the opposite side, the nut 1.2 also has a conical surface, which is, however, designed in the manner of an inner cone 1.21. Furthermore, the transition 4.5 between the collar 5 and the first thread 1.1 is also designed to taper conically in the direction of the first thread 1.1, wherein the conical surface of the transition 4.5 is aligned essentially parallel to the conical surface of the inner cone 1.21 of the nut 1.2. When the nut 1.2 is screwed onto the first thread 1.1, it can thus be rotated very far in the direction of the mounting surface 3 and at least partially cover the transition 4.5 or the collar 5, or the conical transition 4.5 can at least partially penetrate into the nut 1.2.

[0067] In the second embodiment, the design or interaction of the nut 1.2 and the transition 4.5 as well as the nut 1.2 and the washer 1.3 leads to an axial shortening of the

[0068] Mounting element 4 and thus to a reduction in the distance between the two mounting levels M1, M2.

[0069] Reference symbol:

[0070] 1 screw connection

[0071] 1.1 Thread

[0072] 1.2 Mother

[0073] 1.21 Inner cone

[0074] 1.22 Outer cone

[0075] 1.3 Washer

[0076] I .31 inner cone

[0077] 2 screw connection

[0078] 2.1 Thread

[0079] 2.2 Mother

[0080] 2.3 Washer

[0081] 3 Mounting surface

[0082] 4 Mounting element

[0083] 4.1 Thread

[0084] 4.2 Interface

[0085] 4.3 Cylinder section

[0086] 4.4 Diameter jump

[0087] 4.5 Transition

[0088] 5 collars

[0089] 10 Mounting device

[0090] 11 Protective element

[0091] II .1 Recess

[0092] 12 External load

[0093] 12.1 Recess

[0094] 13 Vehicle exterior

[0095] 14 slugs

[0096] F1 tightening torque F2 tightening torque

[0097] M1 mounting level

[0098] M2 mounting level

[0099] M mounting axis

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Mounting device for mounting a protective element (11), in particular on a military vehicle, with a mounting element (4) extending along a mounting axis (M), wherein the protective element (11) can be mounted in a mounting plane (M1) via a screw connection (1) with a defined tightening torque (F1), characterized in that the mounting element (4) has a mounting surface (3) arranged axially offset outwards from the mounting plane (M1), on which an external load (12) can be mounted via a second screw connection (2) with a second tightening torque (F2) such that the first and the second tightening torque (F1, F2) are independent of each other.

2. Assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly element (4) is used to form the first screw connection (1 ) has a first thread (1.1) and a second thread (2.1) for forming the second screw connection (2), wherein the first thread (4) has a larger diameter than the second thread (2.1).

3. Mounting device according to claim 2, characterized by a nut (1.2) that can be screwed onto the first thread (1.1) for mounting the protective element (11), wherein the nut (1.2) is designed as a cap nut and can be screwed onto the first thread (1.1) from the side facing the vehicle. Mounting device according to claim 3, characterized by a washer (1.3) for arrangement between the nut (1.2) and the protective element (11), wherein the washer (1.3) has an inner cone (1.31) and wherein the nut (1.2) has an outer cone (1.22) configured to correspond with the inner cone (1.31) of the washer (1.3). Mounting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by an additional washer for arrangement between the washer (1.3) and the protective element (11), wherein the additional washer is compressible in the axial direction. Mounting device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by a second nut (1 .2) that can be screwed onto the second thread (1.1 ) for mounting the external load (12), wherein the first nut (1.2) and the second nut (2.2) can be screwed onto the respective threads (1.2, 2.2) from different directions.Mounting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the nuts (1.2, 2.2) and the threads (1.1, 2.1) are designed such that the nuts (1.2, 2.2) can be rotated in the same direction to generate the respective tightening torque (F1, F2). Mounting device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting surface (3) is arranged between the first thread (1.1) and the second thread (2.1). Mounting device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the second thread (2.1) is connected via an axially oriented extending in the direction, especially smooth, cylindrical section (4.3) is connected to the mounting surface (3).

10. Mounting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting surface (3) for mounting the external load (12) is arranged on a radially projecting collar (5), wherein the transition (4.5) between the collar (5) and the first thread (1.1) is conically formed.

11. Assembly device according to claim 10, characterized in that the first nut (1 .2) has an internal cone (1.21 ) for covering the transition (4.5) between the collar (5) and the first thread (1.1 ).

12. Protective device for protecting a military vehicle comprising a protective element (11) and an external load (12), wherein the protective element (11) and the external load (12) can be mounted on the military vehicle via a common mounting device (10), wherein the mounting device (10) is configured according to one of the preceding claims.

13. Protective device according to claim 12, characterized in that the external load (12) is designed as a shelf.

14. Method for mounting a protective element (11), in particular on a military vehicle, using a mounting device (10), wherein the mounting device (10) has a mounting element (4) extending along a mounting axis (M), wherein the protective element (11) is mounted in a mounting plane (M1) via a screw connection (1) with a defined tightening torque (F1), characterized in that the mounting element (4) has a mounting surface (3) arranged axially offset outwards from the mounting plane (M), on which an external load (12) is mounted via a second screw connection (2) with a second tightening torque (F2) such that the first and the second tightening torque (F1, F2) are independent of each other. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the method is carried out with an assembly device according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, for the assembly of the protective element (11), the first nut (1.2) is screwed onto the first thread (1.1) of the mounting element (4) in a first direction, then the mounting element (4) is attached to the vehicle exterior (13), in particular screwed into a boss (14), and then the nut (1.2) is turned in the opposite direction with the first tightening torque (F1) until it presses the protective element (11) onto the vehicle exterior (13).

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