Grate bar and use of a grate bar

Abstract

The invention relates to a grate bar with a base body made of a first material and a grate bar reinforcement made of a material different from the first material. The base body has a running surface with a longitudinal extent, a top and a bottom, and a center line extending longitudinally between the top and bottom, passing through the center of mass of the running surface. According to the invention, the grate bar reinforcement is arranged below the center line and connected to the base body.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a grate bar with a base body made of a first material and a grate bar reinforcement which has a material different from the first material, wherein the base body has a running surface with a longitudinal extent, a top and a bottom and between the top and the bottom in the longitudinal extent a center line running through the center of mass of the running surface.

[0002] A grate bar with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from German patent application BE 371 725 A. Such grate bars are used in combustion plants, and in particular in waste incineration plants. They generally have a running surface on which the material to be burned rests and over which another grate bar can also slide. This running surface has a top and a bottom, and there is sufficient material between them to prevent the running surface from wearing out too quickly.

[0003] It is known to incorporate a plate made of particularly wear-resistant material into the running surface in order to reduce wear.

[0004] It is also known to incorporate a different material into the running surface to prevent cracking. This material is positioned in the center of the running surface so that it is completely surrounded by the cast material. The center of the running surface is defined by a center line extending between the top and bottom surfaces and passing through the center of mass of the running surface. To minimize the effects of stresses resulting from the different thermal expansion rates of the cast material and the reinforcement, care is taken to ensure that the reinforcement is positioned precisely in the center between the top and bottom surfaces of the running surface.

[0005] Furthermore, a grate bar usually has lateral flanks that extend perpendicular to the running surface along the length of the grate bar. These flanks can also be reinforced to prevent the grate bar from breaking.

[0006] Ultimately, however, all these measures have not been able to prevent rust rod breakage during the lifetime of a rust.

[0007] Therefore, the invention is based on the objective of minimizing the effects of rust bar breakage.

[0008] This problem is solved with a grate rod having the features of claim 1.

[0009] According to the invention, the grate bar is not manufactured with ever-increasing amounts of cast material in a strategically positioned and distributed manner, but rather a grate bar reinforcement is used. However, the invention accepts the possibility that the grate bar might break. To prevent the running surface from breaking completely and material from falling into the space below, the grate bar reinforcement is arranged below the center line and connected to the base body.

[0010] This can result in the grate bar breaking, with the main body of the cast material fracturing. However, this usually only leads to an elongation of the reinforcement, which, due to its position, does not necessarily break simultaneously with the cast material. Thus, the cast material can break, and the reinforcement continues to hold the at least two fragments together. Any deformation of the running surface that occurs during this process also ensures that the material remains on the running surface and does not fall into the space beneath it.

[0011] Therefore, it is further proposed that the grate bar reinforcement be connected to the base body in such a way that, in the event of a break in the base body as a result of pressure on the top of the running surface, the base body breaks before the reinforcement breaks.

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcement should form a positive-locking connection between the fractured parts after the base body breaks. The reinforcement can deform further after a fracture and continue to hold the fractured halves together.

[0013] The grate bar reinforcement can be connected to the base body in various ways. According to the invention, the grate bar reinforcement is positively connected to the base body. This means that it is cast onto the edge of the base body. An embodiment in which the reinforcement can also be attached to cast-in clamps or flanges is not part of the invention. It can even be arranged to be displaceable relative to the base body in order to reduce the effects of stresses due to differing thermal expansion.

[0014] The contact area between the grate bar reinforcement and the base body can be reduced by ensuring that less than 50% of the surface of the grate bar reinforcement forms a contact surface with the base body.

[0015] To minimize the consequences of a breakage over a long area of ​​the running surface, it is proposed that the grate bar reinforcement extend over more than 35% and preferably more than 50% of the longitudinal extent.

[0016] A simple embodiment provides that the grate bar extension has one and preferably several struts extending along the longitudinal extent of the running surface.

[0017] The reinforcement can also act as a heat sink or cooling fin. Therefore, it is further suggested that the grate bar reinforcement be made of sheet metal.

[0018] The reinforcement of the grate bars can be additive or cumulative, consisting of a spiral and / or several interconnected rings.

[0019] The grate bar is made of a cast material and the grate bar reinforcement is cast on.

[0020] The reinforcement bars should be lightweight, able to span a distance, and withstand forces. It is therefore suggested that they have openings or holes. The punched-out material can only be formed from one plane of the reinforcement.

[0021] Furthermore, the grate bar reinforcement can have webs between rows of holes and be designed as expanded metal.

[0022] Depending on the application, the grate reinforcement bar can be three-dimensionally shaped or even designed as a hollow body. If the grate reinforcement bar is designed as a hollow body, it can only be in contact with the underside of the running surface on one side.

[0023] Further possibilities for the design of the grate bar reinforcement arise when the base body has flanks extending laterally from the underside of the running surface perpendicular to its upper side and the grate bar reinforcement is arranged between these flanks.

[0024] One particularly advantageous application is its use in a waste incineration plant.

[0025] Advantageous embodiments are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. It shows Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a grate bar, Figure 2 shows a cross-section through the grate bar. Figure 1 shown grate bar, Figure 3 a view of the underside of the in Figure 1 shown grate bar, Figure 4 a side view of the in Figure 1 shown grate bar, Figure 5 a top view of the in Figure 1 shown grate bar, Figure 6 a perspective view of the underside of the in the Figure 1shown grate bar, Figure 7 an enlarged view of the grate bar reinforcement, Figure 8 a perspective view of another grate bar with a bolted-on reinforcing strut, and Figure 9 the underside of the grate bar in the Figure 8 shown rust rod.

[0026] The one in the Figures 1 to 7 The grate bar 1 shown consists essentially of the base body 2 and the grate bar reinforcement 3. The base body 2 is made of a cast material and the grate bar reinforcement 3 of a bent sheet metal. The base body has a running surface 4 with a top surface 6 and, on the side opposite the top surface 6, a bottom surface 7. A center line 9 runs between the top surface 6 and the bottom surface 7 through the center of mass 8 of the running surface 4 along its longitudinal extent 5.

[0027] The grate bar reinforcement is now not positioned exactly on the center line 9 between the upper surface 6 and the lower surface 7 of the running surface 4, but rather below this center line and connected to the base body 2. In the Figures 1 to 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the grate bar reinforcement 3 has several struts 10 located along its longitudinal extent. In the embodiment shown, Figures 8 and 9 In the illustrated embodiment, only one strut 13 extends between two flanges 11 and 12 as a grate bar reinforcement 3. This strut 13 can be in contact with the underside of the running surface or arranged at a distance from it.

[0028] In the Figures 1 to 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the grate bar reinforcement consists of a sheet metal material that has openings 14 between the struts 10 and webs 15. This creates rows of holes 20 in the grate bar reinforcement 3.

[0029] The grate bar reinforcement, shaped three-dimensionally into a hollow body 16, is located in the Figures 1 to 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the hollow body 16 is cast onto the grate bar, and thus it is only in contact with the underside 7 of the running surface 4 on one side 17.

[0030] At the in Figures 8 and 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the grate bar reinforcement 3 is also located between flanks 18 and 19 extending perpendicularly to the upper surface 6, wherein the grate bar reinforcement is designed as a rod or threaded rod between two flanges 11 and 12. The use of a threaded rod as a strut 13 makes it possible to hold the grate bar reinforcement to the flanges 11 and 12 by means of screws 21 to 24.

Claims

1. A grate bar (1) with a base body (2) made of a first material and a grate bar reinforcement (3) which has a material different from the first material, wherein the base body (2) has a tread surface (4) with a longitudinal extension (5), an upper side (6) and an underside (7) and, between the upper side (6) and the underside (7) in the longitudinal extension (5), a center line (9) which extends through the center of mass (8) of the tread surface (4), the grate bar reinforcement (3) is arranged below the center line (9) and is connected to the base body (2), wherein the grate bar (1) is made of a cast material, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is cast on, or the grate bar has a strut (13) held between two flanges (11, 12) spaced apart from the underside (7).

2. The grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is connected to the base body (2) in such a way that, in case of a breakage of the base body (2) as a result of pressure on the upper side (6) of the tread surface (4), the base body (2) breaks before the grate bar reinforcement (3) breaks.

3. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) forms a positive connection between the broken parts after the base body (2) has broken.

4. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that less than 50% of the outer surface of the grate bar reinforcement (3) forms a contact surface on the base body (2).

5. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) extends over more than 35% and preferably more than 50% of the longitudinal extension (5).

6. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has one and preferably several struts (10) which extend along the longitudinal extension (5).

7. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has a sheet metal material.

8. The grate bar according to claim 7, characterized in that the sheet metal material has cut-outs (14) between bearing bars (10) and cross bars (15).

9. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is a spiral.

10. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has several interconnected rings.

11. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has cut-outs (14) or holes.

12. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has cross bars (15) between rows of holes (20).

13. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is three-dimensionally shaped.

14. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is formed as a hollow body (16).

15. The grate bar according to claim 14, characterized in that the hollow body (16) is connected to the underside (7) of the tread surface (4) on only one side (17).

16. The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (2) has flanks (18, 19) extending laterally from the underside (7) of the tread (4) perpendicularly to its upper side (6), and the grate bar reinforcement (3) is arranged between these flanks (18, 19).

17. A use of a grate bar according to one of the preceding claims in a waste incineration plant.

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