Method for managing the energy of an electronic device, device, and corresponding computer program

Abstract

. The invention relates to a method for managing the energy of an electronic device, comprising: obtaining at least one action to be carried out by the device, scheduling the execution of the at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said device.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] TITLE: Method for managing the energy of electronic equipment, equipment and corresponding computer program.

[0003] 1. Technical field

[0004] The field of the invention is that of electronic equipment, belonging in particular to the Internet of Things (or loT) or designed specifically for certain types of activities (vertical business).

[0005] The invention relates more particularly to the energy consumption of such equipment, and in particular the management of the energy consumed by equipment to carry out one or more actions.

[0006] More generally, the invention relates to any autonomous electronic equipment, i.e. not powered by a constant energy source (such as the electrical network), powered with a rechargeable or non-rechargeable energy source (battery, accumulator, etc.), and embedded or not in the equipment. Such equipment may possibly cooperate with at least one energy conversion element capable of capturing ambient energy in order to be able to operate and / or recharge the energy source powering the equipment. The equipment may be fixed (weather station for example) or mobile (car for example).

[0007] 2. Prior art

[0008] The use of such electronic equipment, commonly referred to as "connected objects" or "communicating objects" in the IoT field, is becoming increasingly widespread. Such objects can, for example, be used to perform calculation operations, store data, measure a value in the environment (temperature, humidity, presence, etc.) via an embedded sensor, relay measurements delivered by a sensor, take a photograph (for example, for site monitoring), communicate data to remote equipment, etc.

[0009] These objects can be powered in various ways: constant power from an electrical outlet (also called a mains connection), power from a fixed energy reserve (batteries) whether rechargeable or not, power from ambient energy (solar, vibrations, temperature differences, etc.), or even a mixed power supply between these different power supply modes.

[0010] These objects can be used in various ways: some can operate punctually and others regularly, some benefit from significant processing capacities and others not, some perform tasks that consume computing power and others not, etc. As a result, not all connected objects require the same energy input to operate. Traditionally, an object can be programmed to perform one or more actions periodically, or according to certain internal or external events (sensing a temperature, measuring the level of sunlight, sending data to third-party equipment, performing calculations, etc.). These configurations (type of actions, frequency or execution rate - for example every 15 minutes, once an hour, etc.) are generally configured in the factory, during the manufacture of the object.The user of the object or a trusted third party may possibly modify the factory pre-configuration during installation or use of the object, for example by modifying the rate of execution of actions (for example by increasing the frequency of measurement taking to one measurement every 5 minutes, to the detriment of the operating time of the object (and therefore its lifespan if it is not rechargeable), or on the contrary by reducing the frequency of measurement taking).

[0011] Performing an action consumes a certain amount of energy, i.e. has an energy cost. In particular, the type of actions to be performed, their frequency, etc., can lead to the consumption of all the energy available to an object, which can result in the stopping of the object, which can de facto no longer provide the service(s) for which it is intended.

[0012] In particular, each action consumes the available energy in the form of at least one consumption peak, more or less significant, and over a more or less long period. As an example, Figure 1 illustrates the consumption linked to taking a photograph with flash with a digital camera, in amperes as a function of time. According to this example, the first consumption peak 11 corresponds to turning on the camera (“ON”), the second peak 12 to turning on the screen, the third peak 13 to taking a photo, the fourth peak 14 to recharging the flash, and the fifth peak 15 to turning off the camera (“OFF”).

[0013] We see that the battery / batteries are very stressed in terms of energy over short periods, with very large variations, which impacts the lifespan of the battery / batteries. As already indicated, the type of actions to be carried out, their frequency, etc., can lead to consumption of all the energy available for an object, which can lead to the stopping of the object.

[0014] There is therefore a need for a new technique for managing the energy of connected objects, or more generally of electronic equipment, which does not have all the drawbacks of the prior art.

[0015] 3. Statement of the invention

[0016] The present application proposes a solution for managing the energy of electronic equipment, in the form of a method comprising: obtaining at least one action to be performed by said equipment, planning the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment. In particular, the present application relates to a method for managing the energy of electronic equipment, comprising:

[0017] - obtaining at least one action to be performed by said equipment,

[0018] - planning the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment, said planning taking into account an energy recharge capacity of said equipment taking into account at least one first event external to said equipment.

[0019] According to the invention, a device can thus automatically adapt its behavior, i.e. the execution of the action(s) it has to perform, taking into account its energy level. In this way, the device can, for example, maintain a sufficient energy reserve to operate for longer than if it maintained the same behavior.

[0020] In particular, the invention proposes to modify, if necessary, the “factory pre-configuration” of the equipment or the configuration carried out by a user (hereinafter called initial configuration), to adapt the order, frequency, time of execution, number, etc., of the actions that it must carry out, in particular by alternating the phases of execution of the actions and the recharging phases in the case of rechargeable equipment, so that the equipment does not consume all of its energy reserve, so as, for example, to remain constantly in operation (and possibly to be able to have this energy reserve available in the event of detection of an “exceptional” situation to be dealt with urgently).For example, an exceptional situation could be the detection of an intruder during surveillance of a site using a camera and the need to transmit this information to the user or to a security company, a sudden storm that darkens the sky and prevents the equipment from being recharged using solar energy, etc.

[0021] According to at least one embodiment, the proposed solution can thus help to extend the operating time (or lifespan) of equipment powered by any type of energy, belonging for example to the IoT, by allowing the equipment to automatically adapt its preconfigured action capabilities (initial configuration) at any time to its available energy reserve, i.e. by allowing this equipment to automatically adapt to its energy capacity.

[0022] Here, the term "current energy level" of the equipment means the level of electrical charge in reserve at the current time (for example stored in at least one energy storage element, such as a non-rechargeable battery, a rechargeable battery, a battery, an accumulator, etc.) and / or supplied at the current time by at least one external energy source, in particular ambient energy (for example solar, wind, hydraulic, thermal, vibrational, kinetic energy, etc.).

[0023] Equipment can in fact be powered in various ways: power from a fixed energy reserve (batteries, cells) whether rechargeable or not, power from ambient energy (solar, vibrations, temperature differences, or any other type of ambient energy, etc.), or even a mixed power supply between these different power supply modes or others to come.

[0024] An energy source can thus be used to directly power the equipment (totally or partially) and / or to charge / recharge the energy storage element(s) powering the equipment (totally or partially). Such energy storage elements can be integrated into the equipment, or external to this equipment.

[0025] Rechargeable equipment is therefore equipment using at least one rechargeable energy storage element (rechargeable cell, battery, accumulator, etc.). A rechargeable energy storage element can be recharged by converting into electrical energy, in whole or in part, energy available in the environment close to the equipment ("renewable" or "ambient" energy), by being connected to the mains, etc. Subsequently, the terms charging or recharging of the equipment, and charging or recharging of the energy storage element are used interchangeably.

[0026] According to a particular embodiment, said planning implements:

[0027] - the execution of said at least one action for a first duration or as long as the current energy level of said equipment is greater than or equal to a first energy level, and

[0028] - delaying the execution of said at least one action for a second duration or until the current energy level of said equipment is greater than or equal to a second energy level.

[0029] For example, said second energy level may be higher than said first energy level. The first and / or second energy levels may be threshold levels, for example.

[0030] Thus, certain actions can be executed for a certain time, or as long as the current energy level of the equipment is greater than or equal to a first energy level, also subsequently called the low energy threshold.

[0031] If the current energy level falls below this first energy level, or after a first duration, the execution of actions may be deferred. Interrupting the execution of actions can help reduce the energy consumption of the equipment. During this interruption, the energy storage element(s) used to power the equipment can be recharged.

[0032] Thus, certain actions may be paused or put on hold for a second period, or until the current energy level of the equipment has become greater than or equal to a second energy level, also called the high energy threshold, or is not at full charge. These first and / or second energy levels (high threshold and / or low threshold for example) may be fixed, or vary over time depending on the configuration, the actions to be performed, or any other setting.

[0033] In particular, the execution of the actions may be organized so as to take into account times suitable for recharging the equipment, in particular when the equipment (or more precisely the energy storage element(s) used to power the equipment) is recharged by converting energy available in its immediate environment.

[0034] According to a particular embodiment, said execution executes said at least one action with a second frequency, greater than a first frequency, and / or with a second speed, greater than a first speed, as long as the current energy level of said equipment is greater than or equal to said first energy level.

[0035] For example, the first frequency and / or the first speed may correspond to guaranteed values, which correspond for example to factory configurations for actions such as temperature reading, taking photographs, transmitting this information, etc. As long as the current energy level of said equipment is greater than or equal to the first energy level (low energy threshold for example), the invention proposes according to this embodiment to execute certain actions at a second frequency (greater than the first frequency) and / or with a second speed (greater than the first speed), i.e. to execute these actions more often and / or more quickly.

[0036] In a particular embodiment, said planning defines an order of execution of said at least one action taking into account at least one priority associated with said at least one action.

[0037] In particular, said planning defines an order of execution of at least two actions taking into account at least one priority associated with said at least two actions.

[0038] Thus, a priority action can be executed, and a lower priority action can be put on hold. For example, a temperature reading action can be executed, and a temperature reading transmission action can be deferred until the current energy level of the equipment has risen above the second energy level (high energy threshold for example).

[0039] Thus, the second energy level can correspond to an energy level higher than the first energy level.

[0040] In another particular embodiment, said scheduling defines an order of execution of said at least one action taking into account at least one energy consumption associated with said at least one action. Thus, an action that consumes a lot of energy can be executed if the current energy level allows the execution of this action (if the current energy level is for example higher than the second energy level), or deferred otherwise. For example, less energy-consuming actions are implemented if the current energy level is between the first energy level and the second energy level.

[0041] In a particular embodiment, said planning delays the execution of at least one action among said at least one action taking into account at least one second event external to said equipment.

[0042] In particular, when the equipment is directly powered using ambient energy and / or when the energy storage element(s) are recharged using ambient energy, charging the equipment may be prioritized over performing at least one action when charging conditions are favorable (e.g. presence of wind if the ambient energy is wind energy, presence of sun if the ambient energy is solar energy, etc.). In this way, it is possible to assist in charging the equipment (e.g. optimize the charging of the equipment).

[0043] In a particular embodiment, said method determines at least one time range for recharging said equipment with energy, taking into account said at least one first event external to said equipment.

[0044] In particular, when the equipment is directly powered using ambient energy and / or when the energy storage element(s) are recharged using ambient energy, event(s) external to the equipment may be taken into account to determine at least one time slot favorable to charging the equipment. For example, the sunrise time may be taken into account, possibly taking into account the geographical position of the equipment, to switch to charging mode at sunrise time.

[0045] For example, said first and / or second external event belongs to the group comprising:

[0046] - a weather condition,

[0047] - a sunrise and / or sunset time,

[0048] - an event influencing ambient energy usable to recharge said equipment with energy.

[0049] Thus, obtaining a meteorological condition (for example a drop in wind, the presence of clouds, a temperature difference, etc.), a sunrise and / or sunset time, or more generally an event influencing ambient energy usable for recharging the equipment with energy, makes it possible in particular to determine whether the conditions are favorable for charging the equipment with energy. If this is the case, the action(s) to be executed can be put on hold and charging the equipment given priority. Conversely, if the conditions are not favorable for charging the equipment with energy, certain actions can be executed if the current energy level is higher than the first energy level, or deferred otherwise.

[0050] In particular, such an external event may depend on the geographical position of the equipment and / or its energy storage elements.

[0051] In a particular embodiment, the method comprises configuring at least one behavior profile of said equipment, and said planning takes into account said behavior profile.

[0052] For example, different behavior profiles can be configured. The equipment can then automatically select at least one behavior profile from the previously configured behavior profiles, taking into account the different actions to be performed and its current energy level. The selection of the behavior profile can be updated regularly or upon detection of a particular event (for example, movement of the equipment, change in the orientation of the equipment, modification of the configuration (modification of the actions or their frequency for example), sunrise, sunset, period of sunshine, period of low light, etc.).

[0053] In a particular embodiment, the method comprises triggering an alert if said current energy level is lower than a third energy level. Thus, a user of the equipment can be informed when the current energy level is very low. He can thus intervene to replace the energy storage elements powering the equipment (for example, change the batteries if the batteries are not rechargeable), modify the location and / or orientation of the equipment so that it better captures ambient energy, modify the energy conversion elements used to convert ambient energy to promote energy capture, as described in French patent application FR2202429 filed on March 18, 2022, etc.

[0054] For example, the third energy level corresponds to the first energy level (low energy threshold) or to an energy level lower than the first energy level. This could be a critical energy level, for example.

[0055] In at least one particular embodiment, said first and / or second and / or third energy levels are configurable.

[0056] In this way, it is possible to configure at least one of the energy levels according to the application considered.

[0057] Furthermore, the invention relates to corresponding electronic equipment, comprising at least one processor configured to:

[0058] - obtain at least one action to be performed by said equipment, plan the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment.

[0059] In particular, the present application relates to corresponding electronic equipment, comprising at least one processor configured to:

[0060] - obtaining at least one action to be performed by said equipment,

[0061] - planning the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment, said planning taking into account an energy recharge capacity of said equipment taking into account at least one first event external to said equipment.

[0062] Such equipment is particularly suitable for implementing the steps of the method described above in any of its embodiments. Such equipment may of course include the various characteristics relating to the method according to the invention, which may be combined or taken in isolation. Thus, the characteristics and advantages of this equipment are the same as those of the method. Consequently, they are not detailed further.

[0063] An embodiment of the invention also aims to protect one or more computer programs comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of the method according to at least one embodiment of the invention as described above, when this or these programs are executed by a processor, as well as at least one information medium readable by a computer comprising instructions of at least one computer program as mentioned above.

[0064] 4. List of figures

[0065] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of at least one embodiment, given as a simple illustrative and non-limiting example, and the appended drawings, among which:

[0066] - Figure 1, presented in relation to the prior art, illustrates the energy consumption linked to taking a photograph with flash with a digital camera,

[0067] - figure 2 illustrates the main steps implemented by a method for managing the energy of equipment according to at least one embodiment of the invention,

[0068] - Figure 3 illustrates an example of setting different energy levels,

[0069] - Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a first example of a behavior profile (asymptotic),

[0070] - Figure 5 illustrates a second example of a behavioral profile (“intermittent natural consumption”),

[0071] - Figures 6A and 6B illustrate a third example of a behavior profile (“intermittent consumption”), - Figures 7A and 7B illustrate a fourth example of a behavior profile (“repeatedly curbed consumption”),

[0072] - Figure 8 illustrates a fifth example of a behavioral profile (“day / night”),

[0073] - Figure 9 illustrates a sixth example of behavior profile (“Low Light Prediction”),

[0074] - Figures 10A and 10B illustrate a seventh example of a behavior profile (“load in anticipation of an external event”),

[0075] - Figure 11 illustrates an eighth example corresponding to a combination of different behavioral profiles,

[0076] - figure 12 is a simplified view of electronic equipment according to at least one embodiment of the invention.

[0077] 5. Description of an embodiment of the invention

[0078] 5.1 Reminders

[0079] Regardless of the power supply mode of a piece of equipment (battery, battery, ambient energy, or other power system), there are two main types of energy consumption: the consumption limit, which corresponds to the minimum consumption of the equipment necessary for its operation. This consumption generally corresponds to the consumption of the equipment's electronics and the embedded software when the equipment is in standby mode, for example. If the available energy is lower than this consumption limit, the equipment does not have enough energy to operate; the remaining consumption, above the limit, which allows the equipment to operate with a factory setting or carried out by retrospective configuration. This energy consumption can be variable (depending on the type of actions to be carried out, their frequency(ies), etc., configured for example during factory pre-configuration or by a user or trusted third party).Each specific action involves additional energy consumption.

[0080] In order to extend the operating time of a piece of equipment, a first solution consists of reducing the "consumption heel". To do this, it is for example possible to optimize the electrical and / or electronic part of the equipment by selecting, for example, very low-loss components that allow consumption to be reduced. As a variant or addition, it is possible to optimize the software part embedded in the equipment, which can represent a significant source of electrical consumption (due, for example, to endless loops, numerous message exchanges, etc.). A second solution, the subject of the invention, consists of limiting (for example, optimizing) the "remainder of consumption", as presented below. This second solution can in particular be combined with the first solution proposed above.

[0081] In particular, as indicated above, the energy consumed in the “rest of consumption” can be variable (depending on the type of actions to be carried out, their number, their duration, their frequency, etc.).

[0082] The inventors have found that initial configuration (factory pre-configuration or configuration by a user or trusted third party) generally does not pose a problem when the equipment has sufficient energy to perform the initially configured actions, for example when it is permanently powered by an electrical outlet, a powerful battery or cell, or energy that allows the cells or cells to be recharged regularly.

[0083] On the other hand, when the equipment is powered by intermittent energy (case of ambient energies such as solar, vibrations, etc.), and / or when this equipment only has a limited energy storage capacity due to the size of its internal battery, or the wear of its battery for example, the equipment does not always have a sufficient quantity of energy to execute the (pre-)configured actions.

[0084] Indeed, since the configuration of the equipment has been previously fixed, the initial configuration according to the state of the art requires the equipment to perform the actions initially configured, for example to continue to read a value every X seconds, regardless of the state of its energy reserves. The initial configuration being static regardless of the state of the equipment, it will de facto drastically reduce the operating time of the equipment by forcing it to continue to read data every X seconds without worrying about its remaining energy, until its energy reserve is completely exhausted, or its energy reserve no longer provides enough energy to power the consumption stub (which, as a reminder, corresponds to the minimum consumption allowing its operation).

[0085] 5.2 General principle of the invention

[0086] The general principle of the invention is based on monitoring the energy level of a fixed or mobile device, and organizing the actions that the device has to perform, taking into account the current energy level of the device and these actions (execution of an action or putting it on hold, order of execution of the actions, etc.). Such actions are for example of the type "read a value from a temperature sensor every X seconds, or Y minutes", "send a message to a third-party device if a value is lower or higher than a certain configured threshold", "display a message when the device receives a particular message", "perform a specific calculation for each new temperature value", "take a photograph", or any other action that can be configured.

[0087] In other words, the present invention proposes electronic equipment, powered by any type of energy, capable of automatically adapting the actions it must perform according to its current energy level, so as to optimize these actions according to its own energy reserve and / or the energy supplied at the current time. The proposed solution thus makes it possible to correlate the actions that equipment must perform with the equipment's capabilities to perform these actions, in particular its energy capacity.

[0088] According to a particular embodiment, the proposed solution allows in particular to modify the initial configuration and to adjust it automatically according to the available / remaining energy. The current energy level of the equipment is thus taken into account to plan the different actions, which helps to maintain a sufficient energy reserve so that the equipment can operate for a long time. In other words, the proposed solution allows the equipment not to consume its entire energy reserve, which makes it possible to extend its operating time.

[0089] The proposed solution thus contributes to extending the operating time (or lifespan) of the equipment, whether the equipment is powered by non-rechargeable batteries or by rechargeable energy storage elements, or directly by an external energy source, in particular ambient energy.

[0090] In particular, to help extend the operating time of a piece of equipment, it is possible to integrate into it capabilities for capturing energy available in its immediate environment, such as solar energy for example. Between two actions (reading sensor data, taking an image, calculating, etc.), the captured solar energy can be used to recharge the equipment, and (ideally) replenish the equipment's energy reserve sufficiently so that this energy reserve does not run out in the long term.

[0091] Figure 2 illustrates the main steps implemented by a process for managing the energy of equipment. It is assumed that such equipment must perform different tasks or actions more or less regularly.

[0092] During a first step 21, at least one action to be performed by said equipment is obtained. For example, such actions are obtained from the factory configuration, or from at least one configuration performed by the user or a trusted third party (initial configuration). These actions are for example configured via a menu or a configuration option where the frequency, the number of times, or the trigger element that allows this or these tasks to be performed is indicated, for example. The planning of the execution of said at least one action is then implemented during a second step 22, taking into account a current energy level of the equipment. Thus, instead of performing the actions according to the initial configuration, the order and / or the rate and / or the speed, etc., of execution of these actions can be adapted as and when taking into account the current energy level of the equipment.

[0093] In particular, in certain embodiments, the actions can be performed according to the initial configuration if the current energy level allows it. Otherwise, the actions can be reorganized, for example by modifying the order and / or the frequency and / or by delaying certain actions. In certain embodiments, if the current energy level allows it (if it is higher than a high threshold for example), the actions can be reorganized, for example by increasing the frequency of certain actions compared to the initial configuration. According to a particular embodiment, different behavior profiles can in particular be configured according to the invention, and stored in a database of behavior profiles. The equipment can then select at least one behavior profile from the profiles in the database, taking into account for example its environment.

[0094] 5.3 Implementation Examples

[0095] Various examples of implementation of the invention are described below. For example, a device is considered, configured, for example via a human-machine interface coupled (locally or remotely) to the device, so that the device takes brightness and temperature measurements and a photo every two minutes. To do this, the device is in communication with various sensors, integrated into the device or external, in particular a brightness sensor, a temperature sensor and a camera. The device is, for example, powered by a battery.

[0096] Typically, such an initial configuration is fixed.

[0097] On the contrary, according to the invention, the measurements of brightness, temperature and taking of photos are planned taking into account the energy level of the equipment.

[0098] In a particular embodiment, illustrated in Figure 3, the invention allows the user of the equipment, the equipment itself, a trusted third party, or third-party equipment, to configure at least one energy level as a function of time, for example: a first energy level 31, also called low energy threshold for example, corresponding in certain embodiments to an energy level (for example a minimum load level of the equipment) below which the consumption of the equipment must avoid falling (it can be equivalent to the consumption heel for example, or to any value higher than this heel), and / or a second energy level 32, also called high energy threshold for example, corresponding in certain embodiments to an energy level (for example a maximum load level of the equipment), above which the equipment can possibly operate in a more energy-intensive manner,at a higher speed and / or frequency compared to the initial configuration (for example, brightness and temperature measurements and photo taking at a rate greater than 2 seconds).,

[0099] The equipment may in particular measure, or obtain via third-party equipment, its current energy level, for example the battery charge level. Such a measurement is for example carried out using a voltage and current measurement component, and / or directly power measurement, for example an integrated circuit such as the INA233 type integrated circuit from Texas Instruments ®. Such a component may be mounted in the equipment or in third-party equipment coupled to it.

[0100] The equipment may also determine, or obtain via third-party equipment, a maximum battery charge level, as well as possibly an optimal operating range (for example between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the maximum battery charge).

[0101] It is thus possible to distinguish different zones, depending on the number of configured energy levels, in certain embodiments. For example, according to the example illustrated in FIG. 3, three zones are distinguished: zone A: above the high energy threshold 32, zone B: between the high energy threshold 32 and the low energy threshold 31, corresponding for example to the optimal operating range, zone C: below the low energy threshold 31.

[0102] If only one energy level is set, for example a low energy threshold, only two zones are distinguished: a zone above the low energy threshold 31, and a zone below the low energy threshold 31.

[0103] According to certain embodiments, the energy level(s) may be absolute quantities. According to other embodiments, the energy level(s) may be relative quantities, corresponding for example to a percentage of load of the equipment. These different embodiments may in particular be combined.

[0104] Note that the choice of these energy levels makes it possible to define more or less long periods of delay for the actions used to recharge the equipment.

[0105] According to a particular embodiment, the invention thus makes it possible to define or choose an expected behavior profile based on the current energy level of the equipment and certain parameters of the initial configuration, possibly from a set of pre-existing behavior profiles for this equipment. It is notably possible to combine several behavior profiles in order to create more complex behaviors. Different behavior profiles are presented below according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0106] 5.3.1 Behavior profiles related to actions, for rechargeable or non-rechargeable equipment

[0107] 5.3.1.1 “Asymptotic” behavior profile

[0108] Figure 4A illustrates a first example of behavior profile model 43, according to which the current energy level of the energy storage element (battery, battery) of the equipment decreases over time following an asymptote.

[0109] Figure 4B illustrates the behavior profile 44 of the equipment according to this model 43. As long as the current energy level is greater than a high energy threshold 42 (zone A), the equipment has a very active behavior. For example, the equipment can execute actions with a second frequency greater than a first frequency defined in the initial configuration, and / or a second speed greater than the first speed defined in the initial configuration.

[0110] When the current energy level is between the high energy threshold 42 and a low energy threshold 41 (zone B), the behavior of the equipment changes and the actions tend to slow down more and more over time (for example, a decrease in the number and / or frequency of actions). If the current energy level falls below the low energy threshold 41 (zone C), the slowing down of the actions continues until the equipment runs out of energy (especially if the energy storage element is not rechargeable).

[0111] Optionally, an alert may be triggered when the current energy level falls below the low energy threshold 41

[0112] 5.3.1.2 Behavior profile following any type of mathematical curve

[0113] Generally speaking, it is possible to create different behavior profiles according to which the current energy level of the energy storage element (battery, battery) of the equipment decreases over time by following a mathematical curve, since this corresponds to an equation that can follow a discharge of the equipment, from its maximum charge or a charge corresponding to the high energy threshold at a time t, towards a zero charge or a charge corresponding to the low energy threshold at a time t+x.

[0114] 5.3.2 Action-related behavior profiles for rechargeable equipment (e.g. with ambient energy)

[0115] 5.3.2.1 “Intermittent Natural Consumption” Behavior Profile

[0116] Figure 5 illustrates the current energy level of a piece of equipment as a function of time, at which the equipment behaves nominally, both for discharging and recharging.

[0117] As long as the current energy level of the equipment is greater than or equal to the low energy threshold 51 (or for a first duration D1), the equipment can perform actions, for example according to the setting of the initial configuration. In other words, according to this so-called "natural intermittent" profile, the equipment behaves as defined in the initial configuration (factory preconfiguration or user configuration) as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 51 (or for a first duration D1).

[0118] Once the low energy threshold 51 is reached, the equipment delays the execution of at least one of the energy-consuming actions (“standby” mode, or “sleep” in English for example) (for example one, or all) and prioritizes the energy recharge until reaching the high energy threshold 52, if a high energy threshold 52 is defined (or for a second duration D2). For example, the equipment recharges using ambient energy (solar, wind, hydraulic, etc.). Once the high energy threshold 52 is reached, the equipment resumes operating in a nominal manner, as defined in the initial configuration as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 51, and so on.

[0119] If no high energy threshold 52 is defined, the equipment can recharge with energy for a second duration D2, or until reaching a certain percentage of charge, then it resumes operating nominally, as defined in the initial configuration, as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 51, and so on.

[0120] Alternatively, this behavior profile can be set to operate between the maximum load of the equipment's energy storage element, and the high energy threshold as a low limit, as illustrated later in Figure 11.

[0121] It is notably possible, in certain embodiments, to lower the high energy threshold and / or to raise the low energy threshold to reduce the time allocated to charging the energy storage elements, and therefore to the timing of the actions. It should be noted, however, that the shorter the charging time, the greater the number of recharges, which may have an impact on the lifetime of the energy storage elements.

[0122] 5.3.2.2 “Intermittent Consumption” Behavior Profile

[0123] Figures 6A and 6B illustrate the current energy level of equipment as a function of time, according to which the equipment behaves nominally or accelerated during discharge, and uses ambient energy to recharge, for example artificial light according to Figure 6A or natural light according to Figure 6B.

[0124] As long as the current energy level of the equipment is greater than or equal to the low energy threshold 61 (or for a first duration D1), the equipment can execute actions for example according to the setting of the initial configuration, i.e. with a first frequency and / or a first speed. Alternatively, the equipment can execute actions according to a different setting, for example with a second frequency greater than the first frequency and / or a second speed greater than the first speed. In at least one embodiment, the equipment can thus execute the planned actions continuously (“sprinter” mode) (or more quickly than planned by its initial configuration) as long as the current energy level of the equipment is greater than or equal to the low energy threshold 61 (or for a first duration D1).

[0125] Once the low energy threshold 61 is reached, the equipment delays the execution of at least one of the energy-consuming actions (“standby” mode) (for example one, or all) and prioritizes the energy recharge until reaching the high energy threshold 62, if a high energy threshold 62 is defined (or for a second duration D2). For example, the equipment recharges using artificial or natural light.

[0126] The recharge time may last more or less long depending on the implementation methods, for example depending on the energy conversion system (“energy harvesting”) of the equipment as well as depending on the environment.

[0127] If the equipment is recharged using artificial light, the recharge time can be substantially constant, as illustrated in Figure 6A.

[0128] On the other hand, if the equipment is charged using natural light (sun), charging in direct sunlight may be faster than charging under cloudy skies, as shown in Figure 6B.

[0129] Once the high energy threshold 62 is reached, the equipment resumes operating as defined in the initial configuration or according to another setting (for example, execution of actions continuously, or more quickly than expected by its initial configuration), as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 61, and so on.

[0130] If no high energy threshold 62 is defined, the equipment can recharge with energy for a second duration D2, or until reaching a certain percentage of charge, then it resumes operating as defined in the initial configuration or according to another setting, as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 61, and so on.

[0131] Alternatively, this behavior profile can be set to operate between the maximum load of the equipment's energy storage element and the high energy threshold as a low limit, as illustrated later in Figure 11.

[0132] As already indicated, it is possible in certain embodiments to lower the high energy threshold and / or to raise the low energy threshold to reduce the time allocated to charging the energy storage elements, and therefore to the timing of the actions.

[0133] 5.3.2.3 “Repeatedly curbed consumption” behavior profile

[0134] Figure 7A illustrates a behavior profile model 73 according to which the current energy level of the energy storage element (cell, battery) of the equipment decreases over time following an asymptote in a repetitive manner, and Figure 7B illustrates the behavior profile 74 of the equipment according to this model. This behavior profile is similar to the asymptotic profile of Figure 4A, but in a repetitive manner.

[0135] As long as the current energy level of the equipment is greater than or equal to the low energy threshold 71 (or for a first duration Dl), the equipment performs actions, for example according to the initial configuration or according to another setting, such that its consumption curve follows an asymptote.

[0136] Once the low energy threshold 71 is reached, the equipment delays the execution of at least one of the energy-consuming actions (“standby” mode) (for example one, or all) and prioritizes the energy recharge until the high energy threshold 72 is reached, if a high energy threshold 72 is defined (or for a second duration D2). Once the high energy threshold 72 is reached, the equipment resumes operating as defined in the initial configuration or according to another setting, such that its consumption curve follows the expected asymptote, as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 71, and so on.

[0137] As already indicated, if no high energy threshold 72 is defined, the equipment can recharge itself with energy for a second duration D2, or until reaching a certain percentage of charge, then it resumes operating as defined in the initial configuration or according to another setting, as long as the energy level does not reach the low energy threshold 71, and so on.

[0138] As already indicated, it is also possible to lower the high energy threshold and / or raise the low energy threshold to reduce the time allocated to charging the energy storage elements, and therefore to the timing of the actions.

[0139] 5.3.2.4 “Reduced Consumption” Behavior Profile

[0140] According to another behavior profile, the most energy-intensive actions can be put on hold. This defines an order of execution of actions taking into account at least one energy consumption associated with the actions.

[0141] For example, it is possible to interrupt or delay the execution of the most energy-consuming action, or of a set of most energy-consuming actions, or of the action(s) whose energy consumption is greater than a given value, etc.

[0142] According to a first example, actions related to sending and / or receiving data, which are generally energy-consuming, may be put on hold (for example during the night, as described below). For example, the data to be sent may be stored in a memory of the equipment for a period corresponding to the deactivation of the “Send data” action. This data may be sent later, when, for example, the charge level of the equipment has returned to an acceptable level.

[0143] According to a second example, it is possible to use a specific behavior profile, for example an asymptotic behavior profile as illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B, or asymptotic with repetition as illustrated in Figures 7A and 7B, by executing actions (ordered from the most consuming actions to the least consuming) and by reducing the number of actions over time (for example for each asymptote, if we consider an asymptotic with repetition profile).

[0144] In a third example, it is possible to put a large number of actions on hold (for example, all those associated with energy consumption above a given value), or even to put all actions on hold, taking into account the current energy level. In particular, it is possible to put certain actions on hold until the equipment returns to a minimum acceptable charge level (for example, put on hold during the night, or if the weather is bad and does not allow the equipment to be recharged).

[0145] This reduced consumption type behavior profile makes it possible to deactivate or delay at least one action planned in a nominal mode for the equipment (i.e. according to the initial configuration), by favoring certain actions over others, in order to significantly or gradually reduce the consumption of the equipment.

[0146] 5.3.3 Temporal behavior profiles

[0147] Temporal behavior profiles can also be defined, and can optionally be combined with the action-related behavior profiles described above. These profiles allow different behaviors related to the actions to be performed by the equipment to be differentiated based on specific temporal criteria (day / night, time, season, etc.), or even more specific temporal predictions (related for example to the weather). The actions to be performed are then ordered taking into account at least one event external to the equipment, such as the season, day, time, weather, etc.

[0148] 5.3.3.1 “Day / Night” time profile

[0149] For many reasons, it may be important to vary the behavior of the equipment depending on its use during the day or at night. This is especially important when the equipment is powered entirely or partially with energy available in the nearby environment (ambient energy can be used to directly power the equipment and / or an energy storage element of the equipment). For example, if the equipment uses solar energy for power, it is desirable to limit the energy consumption of the equipment at night.

[0150] The equipment can thus obtain at least one piece of information relating to a current time and, in certain embodiments, to the sunrise and / or sunset time, depending in particular on the geographical position of the equipment. For example, the equipment can have a solar calendar, obtain this information from a remote equipment, be subscribed to an ephemeris service, etc. This behavior profile therefore makes it possible to know the current time or the sunrise and / or sunset times at the location of the equipment, and to propose differentiated behaviors of the equipment according to the time of day.

[0151] As previously indicated, it is notably possible to combine this temporal profile with behavioral profiles linked to actions.

[0152] Thus, as illustrated in Figure 8, one or more action-related behavior profiles can be implemented during the day, and possibly one or more action-related behavior profiles, or a time delay of actions (at least of the most energy-consuming actions) can be implemented during the night.

[0153] For example, a behavior profile of the "intermittent (natural) consumption" type can be implemented during the day (83), taking into account a low energy threshold 81 and / or a high energy threshold 82. During the night (84), the actions can be put on hold, or an asymptotic behavior profile or reduced consumption can be implemented for example. When the day returns (85), a behavior profile of the "intermittent (natural) consumption" type for example can again be implemented.

[0154] 5.3.3.2 “Low Light Prediction” Temporal Profile

[0155] Another behavior profile can be defined by taking into account at least one event external to the equipment, for example to anticipate difficulties in recharging the equipment.

[0156] In particular, when the equipment uses ambient energy to recharge, it may be important to take into account events that may influence the ambient energy. For example, the behavior profile may take into account, in certain embodiments, short and / or medium-term weather forecasts.

[0157] If we take the example of charging equipment using solar energy, the aim here is to predict periods of low light during the day (cloudy periods and / or bad weather) to anticipate possible problems recharging the equipment. Indeed, in the case of equipment with on-board recharging capacity, for example through photovoltaic panels ("energy harvesting"), these periods of low light can significantly increase the time required to recharge the equipment.

[0158] By predicting events that can affect ambient energy, for example by knowing in advance how bad the weather will get, it is possible to automatically change the behavior of the equipment to anticipate a period of bad weather, especially if it is expected to last. In this case, for the equipment to operate for a long time, it is desirable that the equipment be recharged to the maximum level (or at least to the high energy threshold) before the weather deteriorates. It is also possible to adapt the behavior of the equipment when it is in periods of low light, for example by making it perform fewer actions than in full sunlight to save energy.

[0159] In particular, it is possible to determine at least one time range for the energy recharge of the equipment taking into account the prediction of the event which may influence the ambient energy.

[0160] For example, as illustrated in Figure 9, one or more behavior profiles related to the actions can be implemented during the sunshine period, and possibly one or more behavior profiles related to the actions, or a delay of the actions (at least of the most energy-consuming actions) can be implemented during the bad weather period.

[0161] For example, a behavior profile of the “intermittent (natural) consumption” type can be implemented during a first part 931 of a sunshine period 93, taking into account a low energy threshold 91 and / or a high energy threshold 92. If a period of bad weather 94 is forecast, the equipment can anticipate this period of bad weather and interrupt the execution of the actions to prioritize the charging of the equipment. For example, taking into account the current energy level, and the weather forecasts, the equipment can determine at what time it must interrupt the execution of the actions to prioritize its charging (in particular if it wishes to reach a full charge before the bad weather, a charge equal to the high energy threshold, a certain percentage of charge, etc.). Thus, a charging period can be implemented during a second part 932 of the sunshine period 93, according to a low light prediction time profile.

[0162] When bad weather arrives (94), some actions may be put on hold, or an asymptotic behavior profile or reduced consumption may be implemented, for example.

[0163] More generally, specific time profiles can be created for any type of ambient energy and associated "harvester": prediction of a drop in energy captured via, for example, an air flow (for example, prediction of a drop in wind), water or steam, temperature difference, or by other means of energy harvesting in the nearby environment.

[0164] 5.3.3.3 Time profile “Load in anticipation of an external event”

[0165] In the case of equipment with a recharging capacity based on ambient energy, such as solar energy, for example, it may be preferable to recharge the equipment before nightfall (especially if the next day is cloudy or rainy, which implies a longer recharging time than in full sunlight). The behavior of the equipment can be differentiated between day and night (as according to the "day / night" time profile), while being assured of having a sufficiently high charge (for example, above a given value, for example, the high energy threshold) before nightfall.

[0166] As already indicated in relation to figure 8, the equipment can obtain at least one piece of information relating to the time of sunrise and / or sunset, for example by embedding a solar calendar, by interrogating remote equipment, by subscribing to an ephemeris service, or by any other means.

[0167] Other variables can also be taken into account by this temporal profile, in particular the geographical position of the equipment (in the Alps, in Grenoble for example, the surrounding mountains mean that the sun sets earlier than the "official" time), or for example the weather forecast several hours before bedtime which can strongly impact the recharge capacity if the sky is cloudy.

[0168] This profile thus makes it possible to predict, based on certain parameters above or other parameters, when the equipment must interrupt the execution of actions to prioritize its load, which allows the equipment to operate nominally during the day, and to stop at a time allowing it to have a sufficient load (for example a maximum load, a load equal to the high energy threshold, a certain percentage of load, etc.).

[0169] Figures 10A and 10B illustrate the current energy level of a piece of equipment as a function of time (e.g., 24 hours), whereby the equipment determines a time range or point in time at which the equipment must stop performing actions to prioritize its load.

[0170] According to the examples illustrated in figures 10A and 10B, a behavior profile of the “intermittent (natural) consumption” type can for example be implemented during a first part (1031, 1033) of the day 103, taking into account a low energy threshold 101 and / or a high energy threshold 102. As the equipment knows the “official” time of sunset, it can determine, possibly taking into account other parameters such as the geographical position of the equipment or the weather, the time from which the brightness will be too low and will no longer allow optimal charging of the equipment, and consequently determine at what time it must interrupt the execution of the actions to prioritize its charging.

[0171] This moment depends in particular on the charge that the equipment wishes to reach before the brightness becomes too low.

[0172] According to the example illustrated in Figure 10A, the equipment is configured to reach the high energy threshold 102 before the brightness becomes too low. From time T1, the equipment puts on hold the actions it must perform and switches to charging mode. Thus, a charging period can be implemented during a second part 1032 of the day 103. In this way, the energy level of the equipment is at the high energy threshold when the brightness becomes too low (night 104).

[0173] According to the example illustrated in Figure 10B, the equipment is configured to reach a full charge before the brightness becomes too low. From time T2, the equipment puts on hold the actions it must perform and switches to charging mode. Thus, a charging period can be implemented during a second part 1034 of the day 103. In this way, the energy level of the equipment is at the maximum level when the brightness becomes too low (night 104).

[0174] When night falls (104), actions can be put on hold. As the equipment load level is high, an asymptotic behavior profile or reduced consumption can, for example, be implemented.

[0175] 5.3.4 Combining profiles

[0176] The profiles described above and the characteristics associated with these different profiles, as well as other profiles not described, can be combined.

[0177] More generally, the invention allows the definition of other behavior profiles linked to actions, other temporal behavior profiles, or other types of behavior profiles. For example, such profiles can be defined and added to a profile database according to the type of equipment, the location on Earth, the climatic conditions, or any other criterion. If the equipment can be powered or recharged by an ambient energy source, this or these criteria can depend on the type of ambient energy (for example by taking into account a movement or a stoppage of the equipment if kinetic energy is considered, a tide, variation of a current if hydraulic energy is considered, etc.).

[0178] According to certain embodiments, the invention thus makes it possible to provide a library of behavior profiles, which can evolve, to allow adaptation of the equipment to its own environment (indoor or outdoor environment).

[0179] Furthermore, as already indicated, it is possible to combine different profiles, over the same time range (for example by combining an action-related behavior profile and a time profile) or over successive time ranges.

[0180] We can thus favor differentiated behavior profiles between day and night, set a preference profile for good weather, another for bad weather, etc. The possible combinations are numerous.

[0181] As an example, Figure 11 illustrates the load level of the equipment as a function of time, using a combination of “day / night”, “low light prediction” and “Charge in anticipation of an external event” profiles. For example, a behavior profile of the “intermittent (natural) consumption” type can be implemented during a first part 1111 of a sunshine period 111. If a period of bad weather 112 is forecast, the equipment can implement a “low light prediction” time profile and anticipate this period of bad weather by interrupting the execution of the actions to prioritize the charging of the equipment.For example, taking into account the current energy level and the weather forecast, the equipment can determine at what time T3 it must interrupt the execution of the actions to prioritize its charging (in particular if it wishes to reach a charge equal to the high energy threshold according to the example illustrated). Thus, a charging period can be implemented during a second part 1112 of the sunshine period 111.

[0182] When bad weather arrives (112), actions can be put on hold, or an asymptotic behavior profile or reduced consumption can be implemented, for example. It is thus possible to postpone the execution of non-essential actions in bad weather.

[0183] When the sun returns (113), an asymptotic type behavior profile can then be implemented during a first part 1131 of the new sunshine period 113.

[0184] If the equipment detects that night 114 is approaching, it can implement a “charging in anticipation of an external event” time profile and anticipate this night period by interrupting the execution of actions to prioritize charging the equipment. For example, by taking into account the current energy level and the sunset time, the equipment can determine at what time T4 it must interrupt the execution of actions to prioritize its charging (in particular if it wishes to reach a maximum charge according to the example illustrated). Thus, a charging period can be implemented during a second part 1132 of the new sunshine period 113.

[0185] When night falls (114), actions can be put on hold, or an asymptotic behavior profile or reduced consumption can be implemented, for example. This makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption of the equipment during the night.

[0186] When day breaks (115), a new behavior profile such as "intermittent natural consumption" for example can be implemented, and so on.

[0187] The invention, according to certain embodiments, thus makes it possible to automatically configure the behavior of the equipment according to its energy level, and possibly its location, changes in its own environment, etc., by offering the possibility of choosing profiles favoring suitable energy consumption, thus making the equipment more autonomous and potentially extending its lifespan compared to the static configuration of the prior art. Thus, two pieces of equipment placed in two different locations will not necessarily have the same behavior at the same time, since the behavior of the equipment depends on its energy level, which may in particular depend on its environment, its location, etc.

[0188] 5.4 Electronic equipment

[0189] Finally, in relation to Figure 12, the simplified structure of electronic equipment according to at least one embodiment of the invention is presented.

[0190] As illustrated in Figure 12, equipment according to one embodiment of the invention comprises a memory 121, a processing unit 122, equipped for example with a programmable computing machine or a dedicated computing machine, for example a processor P, and controlled by the computer program 123, implementing steps of the method according to at least one embodiment of the invention.

[0191] Upon initialization, the code instructions of the computer program 123 are for example loaded into a RAM memory before being executed by the processor of the processing unit 122.

[0192] The processor of the processing unit 122 of the equipment implements steps of the method described previously, according to the instructions of the computer program 123, to:

[0193] - obtain at least one action to be performed by said equipment,

[0194] - plan the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment.

[0195] For example, the processor of the processing unit 122 can implement steps of the method described above, according to the instructions of the computer program 123, to:

[0196] - obtaining at least one action to be performed by said equipment,

[0197] - planning the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment, said planning taking into account an energy recharge capacity of said equipment taking into account at least one first event external to said equipment.

[0198] The electronic equipment may also include and / or be coupled to third-party components or equipment allowing the measurement of its current energy as well as to controllable third-party components and / or equipment adapted to the implementation of the actions to be carried out (such as a temperature sensor to measure a temperature, or a camera to take a photo for example).

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Method for managing the energy of electronic equipment, comprising: - obtaining (21) at least one action to be performed by said equipment, - planning (22) the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment, said planning taking into account an energy recharge capacity of said equipment taking into account at least one first event external to said equipment.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said planning (22) implements: - the execution of said at least one action for a first duration or as long as the current energy level of said equipment is greater than or equal to a first energy level (31), and - delaying the execution of said at least one action for a second duration or until the current energy level of said equipment is greater than or equal to a second energy level (32), greater than said first energy level (31).

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said execution executes said at least one action with a second frequency, higher than a first frequency, and / or with a second higher speed, higher than a first speed as long as the current energy level of said equipment is higher than or equal to said first energy level.

4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said planning (22) defines an order of execution of at least two actions taking into account at least one priority associated with said at least two actions.

5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said planning (22) defines an order of execution of said at least one action taking into account at least one energy consumption associated with said at least one action.

6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said planning (22) delays the execution of at least one action among said at least one action taking into account at least one second event external to said equipment.

7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said method determines at least one time range for recharging said equipment with energy, taking into account said at least one first event external to said equipment.

8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that said first external event belongs to the group comprising: - a weather condition, - a sunrise and / or sunset time.

9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the configuration of at least one behavior profile of said equipment, and in that said planning takes into account said behavior profile.

10. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises triggering an alert if said current energy level is lower than a third energy level.

11. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said first and / or second are configurable.

12. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that said third energy level is configurable.

13. Electronic equipment comprising at least one processor configured to: - obtaining at least one action to be performed by said equipment, - planning the execution of said at least one action taking into account a current energy level of said equipment, said planning taking into account an energy recharge capacity of said equipment taking into account at least one first event external to said equipment.

14. Electronic equipment according to claim 13 characterized in that said at least one processor is configured to determine at least one time range for recharging said equipment with energy, taking into account said at least one first event external to said equipment.

15. Computer program comprising instructions which, when these instructions are executed by a processor, cause the latter to implement the steps of the method for managing the energy of equipment, according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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