Mowing device for a carrier vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a mowing device (1) comprising a coupling element (3) for arranging on a carrier vehicle coupling, a holding device (5) which is designed to be pivotal about a first axis (A1) relative to the coupling element, a cutter bar (6) which is arranged on the holding device (5), and an actuator (4) which is connected to the coupling element and to the holding device, wherein the holding device and the cutter bar are designed and arranged such that the weight (F1) thereof exerts a torque about the first axis (A1), and the actuator (4) is designed to exert a first counter torque which counteracts said torque.

Description

[0001] Mowing device for a carrier vehicle

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The invention relates to a mowing device for arranging on a carrier vehicle coupling.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] Mowing devices, in particular mowers, cutter bars, cutter bar systems or rotary mowers, of the type according to the invention for cutting crops are known in agricultural technology as attachments for tractors or as components of self-propelled harvesting machines.

[0006] They are mounted in front of a tractor, behind a tractor, or on the side of a tractor. In the known mowing device, the individual cutting blades are fixedly arranged on a cutting bar. Mowers known from documents such as DE19541898A1 or DE2626073A1 have fixed fingers against which a bar equipped with blades moves back and forth. The edges of the fingers act as counter-blades for the cutting blades resting on the fingers. A blade holder arranged on top of the mowing device prevents the cutting blades from escaping upwards. The cutting blades, together with the cutting bar, form a cutting unit which is connected at one of its free ends to a drive rod of the crank drive.

[0007] Slightly modified from this principle, DE2004891 B shows a mowing device with counter-rotating upper and lower blades, which are attached to corresponding blade belts, thus forming an endless chain. Other mowing devices, however, have rotating blades, so-called rotary mowers, as shown, for example, in EP1348324B 1.

[0008] Mowing devices known from the prior art have the disadvantage that they have two separate actuators and / or suspensions, one for a lifting and lowering function and the other for a relief function. In particular, one aspect of the relief function, namely the spatial adaptability of the mowing device to uneven terrain, is always implemented in a translational manner in the prior art. This is done, for example, by having two pins of the mowing device displaceable in two respectively associated vertical guides, giving the mowing device three degrees of freedom, i.e., it enables a rolling movement, a pitching movement, and a vertical translation relative to the tractor. Such a suspension is subject to wear and prone to failure, and together with the separate lifting and lowering function, the result is a heavy and complex overall system.

[0009] Description of the invention

[0010] The object of the invention is to provide a mowing device belonging to the technical field mentioned at the outset, which at least partially eliminates the problems mentioned.

[0011] The solution to the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the mowing device comprises: (a) a coupling element for arranging on a carrier vehicle coupling, (b) a holding device which is designed to be pivotable about a first axis relative to the coupling element, (c) a cutter bar which is arranged on the holding device and (d) an actuator which is connected to the coupling element and the holding device, wherein the holding device and the cutter bar are designed and arranged such that a weight force emanating from them exerts a moment about the first axis and wherein the actuator is designed to exert a first counter-moment which counteracts the moment.

[0012] The mower is suitable for carrier vehicles such as tractors, combine harvesters, ATVs, and similar vehicles. The mower can be attached to a front or rear hitch of the carrier vehicle. This makes the mower suitable for front-mounted, rear-mounted, or side-mounted applications.

[0013] An advantage of the invention results from the simple construction, which requires fewer components and can serve several purposes at the same time.

[0014] In particular, the moment is formed by a common center of mass of the holding device and the cutter bar, from which the weight force acts via a lever to the first axle. In the case of a front-mounted attachment, this lever is located in front of the first axle in the direction of travel. In a preferred embodiment, the actuator acts behind the first axle on the holding device, i.e., it generates a tensile force via a lever about the first axle. This creates a counter-torque about the first axle, which counteracts the aforementioned weight force moment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the actuator is designed to exert a controlled first counter-torque such that the holding device and the cutter bar can be pivoted about the first axis as part of a lifting and lowering function and can thus be lifted and lowered from a ground in a defined manner.

[0016] A lifting and lowering function is a standard feature on such work machines and is required, for example, for road travel or when the carrier vehicle with the mowing device crosses an area on which mowing is not intended.

[0017] In some embodiments, the actuator is designed to exert a controlled first counter-torque such that the holding device and the cutter bar can be held in a floating position as part of a relief function.

[0018] A relief function ensures, on the one hand, that the entire weight of the mowing device (or the holding device plus blade bar) does not rest on the ground. This means, for example, that the blade bar can be lifted manually, although this would require around half a ton of weight without the relief function. On the other hand, the relief function ensures that the blade bar can adapt to uneven terrain. The relief function therefore creates a floating position which allows the holder such degrees of freedom that relative poses caused by unevenness can be adjusted between the carrier vehicle and the holding device or blade bar. This means that (in relation to the carrier vehicle in the direction of travel) the relief function not only permits relative pitching movements of the holding device, but also rolling movements. The relief function is implemented in particular in such a way that a defined force orA torque level is maintained on the actuator. This level ensures a constant torque acting on the holding device relative to the first axis, thus counteracting the weight of the holding device and the cutter bar.

[0019] In some embodiments, the actuator comprises a hydraulic system with a first pressure accumulator. An exemplary, equally applicable alternative to the hydraulic system is an electric motor. In particular, the raising and lowering function and the relief function are provided by the first pressure accumulator. This means that the hydraulic pressure required for these functions is supplied solely from a single, appropriately dimensioned pressure accumulator.

[0020] In some embodiments, the hydraulic system includes a second accumulator, wherein the raising and lowering function is provided by means of the first accumulator and the relief function is provided by means of the second accumulator.

[0021] In some embodiments, a control valve of the hydraulic system is configured to maintain an oil quantity in a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system as part of the relief function. In particular, a hydraulic cylinder is filled with oil by the control valve, and the oil quantity therein, which is necessary to relieve the mowing device, is maintained by appropriate control.

[0022] In some embodiments, a control valve of the hydraulic system is configured to increase and decrease an oil quantity or oil pressure in a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system as part of the raising and lowering function.

[0023] In some embodiments, the knife bar has a double-knife cutting system, wherein the double-knife cutting system comprises an upper cutting knife and a lower cutting knife, which are designed to be movable relative to one another.

[0024] In some embodiments, the knife bar has at least one cutting actuator on its side, which is designed to drive the double-knife cutting system.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cutting actuator comprises a cutting motor and a crankshaft gear. This cutting motor can be hydraulically operated, in which case a hydraulic connection to an oil pump is provided, with the oil pump receiving electrical power from the carrier vehicle. The cutting motor can also be an electrically operated motor, in which case only an electrical supply from the carrier vehicle is provided.

[0026] In some embodiments, the mowing device has a relief spring, wherein the holding device is connected to the carrier vehicle coupling via the relief spring, and wherein the relief spring is pretensioned such that it exerts a second counter-torque counteracting the torque.

[0027] In some embodiments, the blade bar has two sliding shoes arranged on the outer side edges of the blade bar on the underside of the blade bar. In particular, the sliding shoes serve to support the gravitational force acting on the mowing device (or the holding device and the blade bar) that remains after the relief function is activated. At the same time, the sliding shoes ensure, in particular, that the desired or set cutting height is achieved.

[0028] In some embodiments, the holding device comprises a first component and a second component, wherein the first component is rotatably connected about the first axis to the coupling element and to the actuator, wherein the cutter bar is arranged on the second component, and wherein the second component is mounted on the first component by a suspension.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second component is mounted by the suspension so as to be rotatable relative to the first component about a roll axis running parallel to a direction of travel of the carrier vehicle.

[0030] In some embodiments, the suspension includes at least one of: a spring, a damper, a ball joint, and a universal joint.

[0031] In particular, the cutter bar is pivotable about a second axis relative to the holding device, with the first axis and the second axis being aligned parallel to each other. However, this pivotability about the second axis is rarely used in normal operation because pivoting in only one direction is permitted by the provision of a corresponding stop. This permitted pivoting is, however, inhibited by the weight force acting on the holding device and cutter bar, similar to an outstretched knee. The permitted pivoting occurs in particular when the cutter bar strikes an obstacle. The force thereby acting on the knife or cutter bar generates an eccentric leverage or torque about the second axis.

[0032] In particular, the mowing device has a triggering unit which is designed to detect a pivoting movement (i.e. in particular a pivoting out as a result of striking an obstacle, see above) of the blade bar relative to the holding device and, in response to a detected pivoting movement, to cause the actuator to pivot the holding device about the first axis, thereby providing an obstacle avoidance function of the blade bar (i.e. as a result of the pivoting movement of the blade bar and the active pivoting of the holding device triggered thereby). The active pivoting of the holding device about the first axis is to be understood as a rotational lifting. This deflection as well as the deflection caused by the pivoting out of the blade bar cause a distance between the carrier vehicle and the blade edge of the blade bar to be reduced and thus counteracts the travel speed of the carrier vehicle.In particular, the speed of this distance reduction is higher than the travel speed of the carrier vehicle, so that the cutter bar is moved horizontally away from the obstacle in the opposite direction of travel and is raised vertically in order to ultimately overcome the obstacle in an arc-shaped trajectory, so to speak, to "jump over" it.

[0033] The trigger unit can comprise an optical, acoustic, or tactile measuring sensor. This measuring sensor can be arranged at various locations on the pivoting mechanism, e.g., on the second axis or on the measuring beam aligned with an element of the holding device, or on the holder aligned with an element of the measuring beam. In particular, the trigger unit or the measuring sensor can be arranged on a toggle lever element. Such an optional toggle lever is discussed further below.

[0034] The trigger unit is connected to the actuator, in particular by cable or wirelessly, so that an electrical signal can be transmitted using a corresponding circuit that instructs the actuator to trigger or cause a pivoting of the holding device in the event of a detected pivoting of the knife bar.

[0035] In some embodiments, the raising and lowering function, the relief function, and the obstacle avoidance function are provided by the first pressure accumulator. This means that the hydraulic pressure required for all these functions is supplied solely from a single, appropriately dimensioned pressure accumulator.

[0036] In other embodiments, however, the hydraulic system has a second accumulator, with the raising and lowering function and the relief function being provided by the first accumulator, and the obstacle avoidance function being provided by the second accumulator. Other configurations or assignments of the accumulators, as well as the provision of more than two accumulators, are also possible. An advantage of this allocation of two or more separate accumulators is that they can be specifically designed or adapted to their function.

[0037] In particular, the lifting and lowering function is effected by a comparatively slow increase or decrease of the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder and the obstacle avoidance function by a comparatively rapid increase of the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder.

[0038] In particular, pivoting the holding device about the first axis as part of the obstacle avoidance function reinforces the pivoting movement of the cutter bar about the second axis. In other words, the pivotability of the cutter bar about the second axis and the pivotability of the holding device about the first axis are configured such that pivoting the holding device about the first axis as part of the obstacle avoidance function reinforces the pivoting movement of the cutter bar about the second axis.

[0039] This increased pivoting of the cutter bar (and thus an improvement in avoiding the obstacle due to the mechanism described above) is achieved in particular by the "top-heavy" nature of the cutter bar, as it also has at least the cutting actuator on the side, which is hydraulically or electrically operated and is comparatively heavy. The second axis is thus arranged in such a way that a large portion of the cutter bar's mass exerts a strong leverage effect. A rapid rotational lifting of the holding device thus causes the cutter bar to buckle or pivot relative to the holding device.

[0040] In particular, the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the cutter bar. In other words, these two axes, like the cutter bar, run essentially transversely, in particular at right angles, to the direction of travel, i.e., in particular, to straight-ahead travel.

[0041] In particular, the mowing device further comprises (a) a first toggle lever element mounted on the holding device, (b) a second toggle lever element mounted on the blade bar, the first toggle lever element and the second toggle lever element forming a toggle lever, and (c) a return spring connected to the first toggle lever element and the holding device. In particular, the pivoted-out blade bar, especially as part of the obstacle avoidance function, is returned to its original position by the spring when the obstacle no longer strikes the blade edge, i.e. when the obstacle has been overcome. Likewise, in addition to the return spring, a damper can be provided to prevent a stop jolt when the blade bar is returned. The pivoting of the blade bar is induced by an obstacle against which the blade edge or the blade bar strikes.

[0042] This impact force acts in particular directly on the second toggle lever element (e.g. a connecting rod), which is mounted eccentrically to the second axis on the cutter bar so that it can rotate. The second toggle lever element transmits the impact force to the first toggle lever element, opposite which the second toggle lever element is also mounted so that it can rotate. Since the first toggle lever element is mounted so that it can rotate at a different point on the holding device, the impact force causes the first toggle lever element to rotate. During this rotation, the return spring is subjected to a tensile force because the suspension points of the return spring move away from one another as a result of the rotation. The return when the obstacle is removed occurs because the tensile force of the return spring in turn exerts a lever force on the first toggle lever element, which pushes the second toggle lever element back. This pushing back is passed on to the cutter bar, which therefore rotates back around the second axis.This reset occurs until a stop is reached. In particular, the stop can be formed on the holding device, with the first toggle lever element abutting the stop when the desired home position is reached.

[0043] A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a mowing device having a coupling element configured for arrangement on a carrier vehicle coupling. The mowing device further comprises an actuator and a holding device configured to be pivotable about a first axis relative to the coupling element by the actuator. Furthermore, the mowing device has a cutter bar configured to be pivotable about a second axis relative to the holding device, wherein the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the cutter bar. The mowing device also has a triggering unit configured to detect a pivoting of the cutter bar relative to the holding device and, in response to a detected pivoting, to instruct the actuator to pivot the holding device, wherein the pivoting of the holding device by the actuator additionally amplifies the pivoting of the cutter bar.

[0044] A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a mowing device having a coupling element configured for attachment to a carrier vehicle coupling. The mowing device further comprises an actuator and a holding device configured to be pivotable about a first axis relative to the coupling element by the actuator, wherein a first toggle lever element is mounted on the holding device. Furthermore, the mowing device has a cutter bar configured to be pivotable about a second axis relative to the holding device, wherein the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the cutter bar, and wherein a second toggle lever element is mounted on the cutter bar, which forms a toggle lever with the first toggle lever element.The mowing device also has a triggering unit which is designed to detect a pivoting of the blade bar relative to the holding device and, in response to a detected pivoting, to instruct the actuator to pivot the holding device.

[0045] A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a mowing device having a fastening device for fastening to a work machine, in particular a vehicle. The mowing device further comprises a holding device and an actuator which is designed to pivot the holding device relative to the fastening device about a first axis. In addition, the mowing device has a cutting device which is mounted on the holding device so as to be rotatable about a second axis. The fastening device can also be understood as a coupling element. Fastening can also be understood as arranging. The work machine can also be understood as a carrier vehicle. The cutting device can also be understood as a cutter bar.

[0046] It is expressly pointed out that the previously described further aspects of the present disclosure can be combined in any technically reasonable manner with any features or embodiments described herein. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0047] Further advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description and the drawings.

[0048] Fig. 1 shows a schematic overview of an embodiment of the mowing device according to the invention,

[0049] Fig. 2 shows a more detailed three-dimensional view of the hydraulic system with the first pressure accumulator and the second pressure accumulator,

[0050] Fig. 3-5 show the timing of the obstacle avoidance function used.

[0051] Fig. 6 and 7 show two states of an embodiment of the mowing device according to the invention, which uses the lifting and lowering function; and

[0052] Fig. 8 and 9 show sketches of two states of an embodiment of the mowing device according to the invention which uses the relief function.

[0053] Ways to implement the invention

[0054] Figure 1 shows a schematic overview of an embodiment 1 of the mowing device according to the invention. The mowing device 1 is arranged via a coupling element 2 on the coupling 3 of a carrier vehicle 15, in particular a tractor. The coupling 3 can be designed, for example, as a three-point linkage.

[0055] The holding device 5 is pivotally mounted on the coupling element 2 about the first axis A1. In the case shown, the actuator 4 comprises a hydraulic system with a hydraulic cylinder 16, a hydraulic valve 17, a first pressure accumulator 8 and a second pressure accumulator 9. The hydraulic system is designed and constructed to raise the holding device 5 together with the cutter bar 6, pivoting about the first axis A1. The pivotability of the holding device 5 ensured by the actuator 4 achieves a raising and lowering function of the holding device as well as a relief function of the lowered holding device 5. In the lowered state, as shown here, the holding device 5 rests on the ground via the sliding shoes 21. However, the entire weight of the mowing device 1 does not rest on these sliding shoes (ornot half the weight, because at the other end the mowing device 1 is mounted on the tractor), but the weight is actively counteracted by the actuator 4, so that only a small weight rests on the ground. This allows the mowing device 1 to adapt better to unevenness in the field. The lifting and lowering function is used to raise the mowing device 1, for example when the lawn is not being mowed but is being driven by the tractor, and to lower the mowing device 1 when mowing is about to begin. In the embodiment shown, an obstacle avoidance function is also achieved, which will be discussed in more detail later.

[0056] In addition to the relief function, lateral rotation is also provided by the suspension 18, which can be implemented by a specialist in any way, e.g. with a spring-damper system. This provides the necessary degrees of freedom of the measuring beam 6 relative to the tractor, allowing it to adapt laterally to uneven terrain. For this ground or terrain adaptation, the first component of the holding device is rotatably mounted about the axis A1 on the coupling element 2. Furthermore, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is rotatably mounted on the first component. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is rotatably mounted on the coupling element 2. The hydraulic cylinder 16 thus acts on the first component with a lever about the axis A1 and can thus pivot it. The second component of the holding device (everything below the suspension 18) is connected to the first component via the suspension 18.The suspension 18 allows the second component to rotate or pivot about axis A4 relative to the first component. This rotation can be achieved, for example, by a ball or universal joint. Furthermore, a spring and / or damper can be provided, for example, to smooth the rolling movements of the second component and facilitate its return to a home position.

[0057] The trigger unit 7 is arranged on the holding device 5 and monitors the pivoting of the cutter bar 6. The trigger unit 7 is connected to the hydraulic valve 17 via a contact line 19 and issues instructions to the valve if a pivoting of the cutter bar 6 has been detected. For example, a sensor of the trigger unit 7, as shown here, is located on the first toggle lever element 10 and is triggered upon loss of contact or upon detection of a change in distance. Triggering means that the hydraulic cylinder 16 pivots the holding device 5 upward.

[0058] The first toggle lever element 10 is a component of the toggle lever 12, which also includes the connecting rod as the second toggle lever element 11. This toggle lever 12 determines how the cutter bar 6 can pivot or swing out relative to the holding device 5. This pivoting occurs particularly initially when approaching an obstacle H.

[0059] The travel speed of the tractor 15 creates an impact force on the cutter bar 6, which acts eccentrically to the second axis A2 (namely, on the cutting edge 23) and thus causes a torque on the cutter bar. The impact force is transmitted to the second toggle lever element 11, which causes the first toggle lever element 10 to rotate about the third axis A3.

[0060] This rotation of the first toggle lever element 10 in turn causes the return spring 13 to expand and tension, because this is attached at a different point on the first toggle lever element 10 and on the holding device 5. The tensile stress of the return spring 13 causes the cutter bar 6 to be subsequently retracted into its home position.

[0061] The reference numerals from Figure 1 can also be used to identify the individual components in the 3D views of Figures 3, 4 and 5.

[0062] Figure 2 shows a more detailed three-dimensional view of the hydraulic system with the first pressure accumulator 8 and the second pressure accumulator 9. The hydraulic cylinder 16 is supplied with oil pressure by the valve 17, which receives it from the pressure accumulators 8, 9 via hoses 20. Contraction of the cylinder 16 causes the holding device 5 to pivot upward via the lever 22. The lifting and lowering function, the relief function, and the obstacle avoidance function can each be implemented individually using either one or both pressure accumulators.

[0063] Figures 3, 4, and 5 again show the chronological sequence of the obstacle avoidance function in use. Figure 3 shows the normal travel of tractor 15 with mowing device 1, for example, across a field for grass cutting. The tractor is moving toward an obstacle H, e.g., a brick lying hidden in the field.

[0064] In Figure 4, the collision of the cutter bar 6 or the cutting edge 23 has already occurred; the cutter bar 6 has already pivoted outward relative to the holding device 5, and the holding device 5 has already been actively pivoted upward. This mechanism causes two things to happen: Firstly, the obstacle H is overcome vertically by raising the cutter bar 6. Secondly, the cutter bar is retracted slightly, i.e., against the direction of travel, so that the obstacle H can also be avoided horizontally and the cutter bar 6 does not "get stuck" there. This creates an overall curved evasive movement, and damage to the cutter bar 6 can be prevented.

[0065] Figure 5 shows the holding device 5 in its highest phase during the obstacle avoidance function. The cutter bar 6 has already been returned to its original position by the return spring 13, and the obstacle H has already been overcome. During the obstacle avoidance function, it is also possible to optionally lower the holding device 5 slowly, i.e., with dampening. For this purpose, the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced in a defined manner until the level at which the holding device 5 is relieved during the relief function is reached again.

[0066] It is therefore advantageous to use the same actuator for at least two of the lifting and lowering functions, the relief function, and the obstacle avoidance function. In particular, the same accumulator can be used for these functions. However, it can also be advantageous to dedicate a separate accumulator to at least one of the functions, one specifically designed for the requirements.

[0067] Figure 6 shows an outline sketch of an embodiment of the mowing device 1 according to the invention. In the state shown there, the weight of the holding device and blade bar, which are jointly assigned the reference numeral 24 here, causes a first lever force F1, which acts at the center of mass M of the system 24 and generates a moment about the axis A1 with the first lever H1. The actuator 4 must counteract this moment. It does this, for example, by contracting the hydraulic cylinder shown here, with a second lever force F2 acting at the force application point K generating a counter moment about the axis A1 with the second lever H2.

[0068] Figure 7 shows a raising of the system 24, which was achieved within the scope of the raising and lowering function in that the counter-torque caused by the force F2 (see Figure 6) is greater than the torque caused by the force F1. Lowering occurs accordingly by controlling the actuator 4 to lower the oil pressure or reduce the amount of oil so that the force F2 becomes smaller. Figure 8 shows an outline sketch of an embodiment of the mowing device 1 according to the invention, in which the relief function is currently deactivated. This means that the weight force acting on the center of mass M of the system 24 (consisting of the holding device 5 and the blade bar 6, see Figure 1) is distributed between the sliding shoes 21 and the support points 25 and 26 at the connection between the coupling element 2 and the coupling 3 (and thus ultimately via the coupling 3 onto the carrier vehicle 15).However, the forces acting on the guide shoes 21 are too great for mowing operations. When encountering a bump, the blade bar has difficulty sliding due to inertia, and thus risks getting stuck, especially in soft ground. Therefore, a so-called floating position is necessary.

[0069] Figure 9 shows the mowing device 1 from Figure 8 in the floating position S. It can be seen that the system 24 has not been raised. However, the weight force acting on the sliding shoes 21 is significantly reduced. Through controlled contraction of the hydraulic cylinder of the actuator 4, the coupling element 2 now absorbs correspondingly higher forces, thus relieving the load on the system 24, particularly the blade bar.

[0070] For example, certain versions of the mowing device 1 can weigh approximately 500 kilograms. In the floating position, however, the mowing device can easily be manually raised by the blade bar, which then only has a counteracting load of approximately 20 kilograms. This allows the blade bar to adapt more easily and quickly to the terrain, especially inclines in the direction of travel.

[0071] This relief function enables smooth pitching movements of the mowing device, which, in conjunction with the rolling movements made possible by the suspension 18, offer ideal ground adaptation.

[0072] While the invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiment(s), many other changes and variations may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims cover such changes and variations as fall within the true scope of the invention.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Mowing device (1) comprising: a coupling element (2) for arranging on a carrier vehicle coupling (3), a holding device (5) which is designed to be pivotable about a first axis (A1) relative to the coupling element (2), a cutter bar (6) which is arranged on the holding device (5) and an actuator (4) which is connected to the coupling element (2) and the holding device (5), wherein the holding device (5) and the cutter bar (6) are designed and arranged such that a weight force emanating from them exerts a moment about the first axis (A1) and wherein the actuator (4) is designed to exert a first counter-moment counteracting the moment.

2. Mowing device according to claim 1, wherein the actuator (4) is designed to exert a controlled first counter-torque such that the holding device (5) and the blade bar (6) can be pivoted about the first axis (A1) as part of a lifting and lowering function and can thus be lifted and lowered from a ground in a defined manner.

3. Mowing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator (4) is designed to exert a controlled first counter-torque such that the holding device (5) and the blade bar (6) can be held in a floating position (S) as part of a relief function.

4. Mowing device (1) according to claims 2 and 3, wherein the actuator (4) comprises a hydraulic system with a first pressure accumulator (8).

5. Mowing device (1) according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a second pressure accumulator (9), and wherein the lifting and lowering function is provided by means of the first pressure accumulator (8) and the relief function is provided by means of the second pressure accumulator (9).

6. Mowing device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a control valve of the hydraulic system is designed to maintain an oil quantity in a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system as part of the relief function.

7. Mowing device (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a control valve of the hydraulic system is designed to increase and decrease an oil quantity or an oil pressure in a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system as part of the raising and lowering function.

8. Mowing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the blade bar (6) has a double-blade cutting system (14), wherein the double-blade cutting system (14) comprises an upper cutting blade and a lower cutting blade, which are designed to be movable relative to one another.

9. Mowing device (1) according to claim 8, wherein the blade bar has at least one cutting actuator on its side, which is designed to drive the double blade cutting system.

10. Mowing device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the cutting actuator comprises a cutting motor and a crankshaft gear. 1 1. Mowing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a relief spring, wherein the holding device (5) is connected to the carrier vehicle coupling via the relief spring, and wherein the relief spring is pretensioned such that it exerts a second counter-torque counteracting the moment.

12. Mowing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cutter bar has two sliding shoes which are arranged on outer side edges of the cutter bar on the underside of the cutter bar.

13. Mowing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding device (5) comprises a first component and a second component, wherein the first component is rotatable about the first axis (A1) on the coupling element (2) and connected to the actuator (4), wherein the cutter bar (6) is arranged on the second component, and wherein the second component is mounted on the first component by a suspension (18).

14. Mowing device (1) according to claim 13, wherein the second component is mounted by the Suspension (18) is mounted relative to the first component so as to be rotatable about a roll axis (A4) running parallel to a direction of travel of the carrier vehicle.

15. Mowing device (1) according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the suspension (18) comprises at least one of: a spring, a damper, a ball joint, and a universal joint.

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