Hollow window or door chamber profile and corner connection comprising same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) comprising (a) a core profile (30) with a plastic matrix formed from thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix; and (b) a jacket profile (40) at least partially enclosing the core profile (30) and made of a thermoplastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile (30). According to the invention, the window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) is characterized in that the thermoplastic material of the core profile (30) is a polyamide material and the reinforcing fibers are short fibers with an average fiber length in the range of 0.1 mm to 12 mm. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corner connection obtained by welding at least partially mitered sections of such a window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a window or door profile hollow chamber profile comprising (a) a core profile with a plastic matrix formed from a thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix; and (b) a jacket profile at least partially enclosing the core profile and made of a thermoplastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corner joint obtained by welding at least partially mitered sections of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile.

[0002] For window and door hollow chamber profiles for framing glass panes, the aim is to achieve the best possible thermal insulation for the resulting window or door. In order to ensure the mechanical stability required for such windows or doors, a reinforcing profile, usually metallic, must be incorporated into at least one of the hollow chambers of the window or door hollow chamber profile made of unreinforced, thermoplastic material, for example polyvinyl chloride (PVC). This improves the mechanical stability at the expense of significantly impaired thermal insulation properties. To increase stability while maintaining good thermal insulation properties, for example, DE 82 82 221 U1 describes a profile strip made from a core profile made of polyvinyl chloride which contains short glass fibers with a length of up to 12 mm in an amount of up to 50 wt.% and a PVC sheath profile with high impact strength surrounding it. A disadvantage of the profile strip described in DE 82 82 221 U1 is that such a profile strip can only be welded to a corresponding frame with low corner strength, particularly when it contains a high fiber content. Furthermore, the E-modules achievable in this way are not sufficient for a completely steel-free construction of window and door elements of all sizes and for other requirements for window and door profile hollow chamber profiles with regard to wind load, weight load and thermal load. Therefore, DE 203 02 286 U1 proposes the continuous fiber reinforcement of one or more areas of a window profile made of thermoplastic material with a fiber volume content of more than 20 %. Window and door profiles reinforced with continuous fibers have very high E-modules of up to 70,000 N / mm 2< in the longitudinal direction of the profile.However, this very high mechanical stability is less pronounced in directions perpendicular to the cross-sectional area. However, in window and door construction, improved stability in the transverse direction would be desirable to ensure secure attachment of fittings such as strike plates, hinges, and the like. Furthermore, window and door profiles reinforced with continuous fibers can only be welded with sufficient corner strength by displacing the reinforced areas from the miter area.

[0003] This is where the present invention comes in, the object of which is to provide a window or door profile hollow chamber profile that at least partially overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention should have high mechanical stability both in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular thereto. Furthermore, the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention should be weldable with high corner strength to form a corresponding corner connection without additional effort, such as displacing the fiber reinforcements. Ultimately, the present invention also lies in the provision of a corner connection obtained by welding at least partially mitered sections of such a window or door profile hollow chamber profile.

[0004] These and other objects are achieved according to the invention by a window or door profile hollow chamber profile having the features of claim 1 or by a corner connection having the features of claim 11. Preferred embodiments of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention and of the corner connection according to the invention are each described in the dependent claims.

[0005] According to the present invention, it was surprisingly discovered that a window or door profile hollow chamber profile with a fiber-reinforced core profile and a shell profile, with good weldability and high corner strength of the resulting corner connection, which can be achieved without additional welding effort, is obtained when a polyamide material is used as the thermoplastic material of the core profile and the reinforcing fibers are short fibers with an average fiber length in the range of 0.1 mm to 12 mm, in particular short glass fibers with an average fiber length in the range of 0.1 mm to 12 mm. Such a window or door profile hollow chamber profile has high mechanical stability both in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular thereto.Furthermore, window or door profile hollow chamber profiles with a core profile made of a polyamide can be easily welded together even with a high proportion of such fibers and with sufficiently high corner strength.

[0006] Accordingly, the present invention provides a window or door profile hollow chamber profile comprising (a) a core profile with a plastic matrix formed from thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix; and (b) a jacket profile at least partially encasing the core profile and made of a thermoplastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile, wherein the window or door profile hollow chamber profile is characterized according to the invention in that the thermoplastic material of the core profile is a polyamide material and the reinforcing fibers are short fibers with an average fiber length in the range of 0.1 mm to 12 mm. Furthermore, the present invention provides a corner connection obtained by welding at least partially mitered sections of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention.

[0007] As used herein, the term "polyamide material" means a polyamide to which the additives customary for the extrusion of window or door profile hollow chamber profiles, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments, and the like, have been added. Furthermore, the term "weather-facing exterior wall" as used herein describes that wall of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention that faces the exterior of the building during intended use of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention. Accordingly, the term "room-facing exterior wall" (the side opposite the weather side) as used herein describes that wall of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention that faces the room side of the window or door, which comprises the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention, during intended use of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention.As used herein, "corner strength" refers to the corner strength according to DIN EN 514:2018-04 (compression bending test) and is determined according to the test specification described therein.

[0008] With regard to the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention, it may be preferred if the reinforcing fibers are contained in the core profile in a proportion of 10 wt.% to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile.

[0009] If the weight fraction of the reinforcing fibers in the core profile is within the range of 10 wt.% to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile, excellent elastic moduli are achieved according to DIN EN ISO 527-4: 2022-03. The corner joints obtained by welding mitered sections of such window or door profile hollow chamber profiles according to the invention have sufficient corner strength. In this context, it is preferred if the weight fraction of the reinforcing fibers in the core profile is within the range of 30 wt.% to 50 wt.%, particularly preferably within the range of 35 wt.% to 48 wt.%, in each case based on the weight of the core profile.

[0010] It may also be advantageous if the average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is in the range of 0.3 mm to 3.8 mm. An average length of the reinforcing fibers in this range leads to high mechanical stability of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention, both in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to it. In this context, an average fiber length in a range of 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm has proven particularly suitable.

[0011] The reinforcing fibers are preferably glass fibers or basalt fibers, although other fibers are not excluded by the invention. Glass fibers impart high mechanical stability to the hollow chamber window or door profile according to the invention and are therefore particularly preferred. Basalt fibers improve the thermal insulation properties of the hollow chamber window or door profile according to the invention.

[0012] It may also be preferred if the weather-facing exterior wall and / or the room-facing exterior wall are at least partially formed by the casing profile. As a result, the visible surfaces of the structural elements formed from the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention, i.e. corresponding windows or doors, are formed from the casing profile, whereby the core profile, which may be superficially rough due to the fibers it contains, is concealed from the outside by the casing profile. It is particularly preferred if the weather-facing surface of the weather-facing exterior wall and / or the room-facing surface of the room-facing exterior wall are formed from a preferably 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm thick layer of the casing profile. The remaining wall thickness of the weather-facing exterior wall and / or the room-facing exterior wall can be formed by the core profile.As a result, smooth visible surfaces of the structural elements formed from the hollow chamber window or door profile according to the invention are maintained while the resulting frame remains very stable. The cover layer formed by the casing profile preferably has a thickness in the range of approximately 0.4 mm to approximately 1.2 mm, in particular approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 0.9 mm, and particularly preferably approximately 0.6 mm. The casing profile preferably does not comprise any reinforcing fibers.

[0013] It may also be useful if the polyamide of the core profile is selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide 12 (PA 12), and blends of the aforementioned polyamides. Polyamide 6 is particularly preferred due to its readily available properties. The thermoplastic material of the casing profile that is compatible with the plastic material of the core profile is also preferably selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide 12 (PA 12) and blends of the aforementioned polyamides with one another and with other polymers or copolymers, in particular acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers (ABS) and acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene terpolymers (ASA), with blends of the polyamides with an acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene terpolymer (ASA) being preferred due to their good weather resistance.Preferably, the polyamide of the core profile is also used as the thermoplastic material of the casing profile. In particularly preferred embodiments of the hollow chamber window or door profile according to the invention, polyamide 6 is used as the polyamide of the core profile, and a blend of polyamide 6 and an acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene terpolymer is used as the thermoplastic material of the casing profile.

[0014] It may also be advantageous if the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to DIN EN ISO 527-2: 2012-06 has an elastic modulus in the profile's longitudinal direction in the range from 4000 N / mm 2 to 22000 N / mm 2 . According to the present invention, excellent elastic moduli are achieved in this range. In preferred embodiments, the elastic modulus according to DIN EN ISO 527-2: 2012-06 is in the range from 7000 N / mm 2 to 11000 N / mm 2 .

[0015] All plastic materials in the hollow chamber window or door profile according to the invention can also be used in the form of materials obtained through a recycling process. In particular, it is preferred that a recycled polyamide be contained in the core profile. Additionally or alternatively, "fresh," i.e., non-recycled, polymer material can also be used in the shell profile.

[0016] The weather-facing exterior wall and / or the room-facing exterior wall can preferably be dark-colored and / or provided with a dark film, paint, or coating and / or co-extruded with a dark layer. Although the present invention can also be applied to uncolored white hollow-chamber profiles, the problem of profile deformation at high temperatures is more pronounced with dark exterior walls. The high mechanical stability of the hollow-chamber window or door profile according to the invention counteracts this. As used herein, the term "dark" means that the dark color absorbs more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, of the vertically incident sunlight, including the relevant IR range.

[0017] Particularly preferably, the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention can be produced in a manner known per se by coextrusion of the core profile and the shell profile.

[0018] The hollow chamber window or door profiles according to the invention are preferably used to manufacture a plastic window or a plastic door. A window or door frame can be obtained by welding mitered pieces of a hollow chamber window or door profile according to the invention. The window or door frame is intended for installation in an opening in the wall of a building or can be installed in the opening in the wall of a building.

[0019] The statements relating to the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention apply accordingly to the corner connection according to the invention.

[0020] The window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention as well as individual parts thereof can also be produced line by line or layer by layer using a line-building or layer-building manufacturing process (e.g. 3D printing), but production by coextrusion is preferred.

[0021] In the following, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the figures. Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile designed as a window sash profile according to one embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile also designed as a window sash profile according to a further embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In Figur 1 An embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention is shown in a cross-sectional view using the example of a sash profile for a plastic window. The window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention comprises a weather-side outer wall 2 and a room-side outer wall 3. Two hollow chambers 4, 5 are adjacent to the weather-side outer wall 2, which are delimited by walls 6, 6', 6" designed as webs and the weather-side outer wall 2. Centrally, the hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention comprises a main hollow chamber 7. The upper web 8 of the main hollow chamber 7, together with an outer overlap 5, forms a rebate area 10, in which a surface element (not shown), in particular insulating glazing, can be accommodated. The surface element is stabilized by a glazing bead (not shown), which can be anchored in a glazing bead groove 11 of the hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention. Fig. 1 The outer wall 12 of the hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention arranged at the bottom is referred to as the fitting-side profile outer wall 12, while the side opposite the fitting side is referred to as the rebate side with a rebate-side profile outer wall 13.

[0023] In the Fig. 1 In the illustrated embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, the central region, which comprises, for example, the walls 6, 6', 6", sections of the glazing bead groove 11, part of the fitting-side profile outer wall 12 and a stop 14 as well as the rebate-side profile outer wall 13, is formed by a core profile 20. The weather-side outer wall 2, the room-side outer wall 3 and the remaining parts of the glazing bead groove 11, the fitting-side profile outer wall 12 and the stop 14 are formed by a jacket profile 40. The core profile 30 is thus partially enveloped by the jacket profile 40. The jacket profile 40 largely forms the outer side of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, while the core profile is only exposed to the outside in the area of ​​the rebate-side profile outer wall 13 and adjacent thereto.

[0024] According to the Fig. 1 In the illustrated embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, the core profile 30 comprises a plastic matrix made of polyamide 6, to which additives customary for the extrusion of window or door profile hollow chamber profiles, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments, and the like, are added. For reinforcement, short glass fibers with an average fiber length of 2.6 mm are embedded in the plastic matrix in a proportion of 48 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile 30 as 100 wt.%. The sheath profile 40 forms a blend of polyamide 6 with acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene terpolymer (ASA). This blend is compatible with the core profile 30. According to the Fig. 1 In the embodiment shown, acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene terpolymer (ASA) is contained in the blend in a proportion of 38 wt.%, based on the weight of the jacket profile 40 as 100 wt.%.

[0025] The window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. has very good weather resistance and has high mechanical stability both in the longitudinal direction (E-modulus according to DIN EN ISO 527 -4: 2022-03 from 3400 to 9400 N / mm2) and perpendicular to it.

[0026] The hollow chamber window or door profile 1 according to the invention was manufactured by coextruding the core profile 30 and the shell profile 40. Polyamide 6 obtained through a recycling process was used for the core profile 30, while non-recycled polymer material was used for the shell profile 40.

[0027] Despite the high fiber content in the core profile 30, the hollow chamber window or door profile 1 according to the invention can be easily welded using methods known to those skilled in the art to form a corner joint according to the invention, without requiring any additional measures beyond standard methods for welding plastic profiles. For this purpose, appropriate sections of the hollow chamber window or door profile 1 according to the invention are cut to length, mitered, and welded together using a welding table to form a corner joint according to the invention. The resulting corner joint according to the invention has high corner strength.

[0028] In Fig. 2 A further embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention is shown. To avoid repetition, only differences to the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention. The embodiments of Fig. 1 also apply to the embodiment according to Fig. 2 accordingly. Identical elements are identified by identical reference numerals in the figures.

[0029] In Fig. 2 A further embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention is also shown using the example of a sash profile for a plastic window in a cross-sectional view. Fig. 2 The embodiment shown differs from the one Fig. 1 described embodiment with regard to the distribution of the core profile 30 and the shell profile 40 over the profile cross-section. Thus, in the Fig. 2 In the embodiment shown, the core profile completely surrounds the inner walls and the rebate-side profile outer wall 13, as well as the weather-side outer wall 2 and the room-side outer wall 3 partially directed towards the profile inner side. On the visible surfaces, the core profile 30 is surrounded by an approximately 0.7 mm thick cover layer of the jacket profile 40.

[0030] According to the Fig. 2 In the illustrated embodiment of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, the core profile 30 again comprises a plastic matrix made of polyamide 6, to which additives customary for the extrusion of window or door profile hollow chamber profiles, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments, and the like, are added. For reinforcement, short glass fibers with an average fiber length of 2.8 mm are embedded in the plastic matrix in a proportion of 45 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile 30 as 100 wt.%. The sheath profile 40 forms a blend of polyamide 6 with acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene copolymer (ASA), which is compatible with the core profile 30.

[0031] The resulting window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. has very good weather resistance and has high mechanical stability both in the longitudinal direction (E-modulus according to DIN EN ISO 527-2: 2012-06 of 10,600 N / mm2) and perpendicular to it.

[0032] The window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention was produced by coextruding the core profile 30 and the shell profile 40. Also according to the Fig. 2 In the embodiment shown, polyamide 6 obtained through a recycling process was used for the core profile 30, while non-recycled polymer material was used for the sheath profile 40.

[0033] Also from the Fig. 2The window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention shown can be used to produce a corner joint according to the invention using welding methods known to those skilled in the art, without the need to take additional measures beyond standard methods for welding plastic profiles. To form the corner joint according to the invention, appropriate sections are cut from the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, mitered, and welded together using a welding table to form a corner joint according to the invention. The resulting corner joint according to the invention again has a high corner strength.

[0034] The present invention has been described by way of example with reference to hollow chamber profiles for the sash of a window. It is understood that the present invention is also applicable to other window or door profile hollow chamber profiles, in particular window frame profiles, as well as to door frame, casing, or sash profiles.

Claims

1. A window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1), comprising (a) a core profile (30) with a plastic matrix formed from thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix; and (b) a jacket profile (40) at least partially enclosing the core profile (30) and made of a thermoplastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile (30). characterized in that the thermoplastic material of the core profile (30) is a polyamide material and the reinforcing fibers are short fibers with an average fiber length in the range of 0.1 mm to 12 mm.

2. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing fibers are contained in the core profile (30) in a proportion of 10 wt.% to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile (30).

3. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in thatthe average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is in the range of 0.3 mm to 3.8 mm, in particular in the range of 1.5 mm to 3.

0.

4. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a weather-side outer wall (2) and / or a room-side outer wall (30) are at least partially formed by the casing profile (40).

5. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the weather-side surface of the weather-side outer wall (2) and / or the room-side surface of the room-side outer wall (2) are formed by one of the casing profiles (40).

6. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that Thickness of the layer of the casing profile (40) is within a range of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.

7. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in thatthe polyamide of the core profile (30) is selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide 12 (PA 12) and blends of the aforementioned polyamides.

8. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the thermoplastic plastic material of the casing profile (40) compatible with the plastic material of the core profile (30) is selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide 12 (PA 12) and blends of the aforementioned polyamides with one another and with other polymers or copolymers, in particular acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers (ABS) and acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene terpolymers (ASA).

9. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has an E-modulus according to DIN EN ISO 527-4: 2022-03 in the range of 4000 N / mm 2up to 22000 N / mm 2 has.

10. Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the weather-side outer wall (2) and / or the room-side outer wall (3) is / are dark-colored and / or provided with a dark film, paint or coating and / or co-extruded with a dark layer.

11. Corner joint obtained by welding at least partially mitred sections of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

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