Drill head for creating a borehole in the ground

Abstract

The invention relates to a drill head for creating a substantially vertical borehole in the ground, comprising a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the borehole, with a suction device for transporting the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening region arranged on the body with at least one opening in the region of the drilling tools at the working face, wherein the opening region has an elongated extension, wherein the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, and which has a width and a height,wherein the width extends parallel to the elongated extent of the opening region, and wherein the height extends transversely to the width and parallel to the opening region, and wherein the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening by the pump into the suction box in a flow direction. It is provided that the suction box tapers in width from the opening toward the connection opening, that the height of the suction box increases from the opening toward the connection opening, that at least one tool for loosening and / or picking up the soil is provided in the opening region, and that the at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the working face.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drill head for creating a substantially vertical borehole in the ground, comprising a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at the borehole face, and a suction system for removing the loosened soil at the borehole face, which can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction system has an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of ​​the drilling tools at the borehole face, wherein the opening area has an elongated extension, wherein the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for a connection to the pump at one end opposite the opening, and which has a width and a height.wherein the width extends parallel to the elongated extent of the opening area and wherein the height extends transversely to the width and parallel to the opening area, and wherein the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening area can be drawn through the opening from the pump into the suction box in one flow direction.

[0002] Such a drill head is known, for example, from KR10162879B1, DE19626591C1, EP2597249B1, US3384191A, US4195700A US4200160A, and WO2016142910A1.

[0003] DE 19626591 C1 discloses a drill head for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground and removing the excavated soil using the air-lift method. The drill head has drilling tools and a suction system for removing the excavated soil on its underside. The suction system has a suction opening designed as a radially extending channel. The channel itself is connected to a suction pipe. The excavated soil, in conjunction with drilling fluid, is extracted from the borehole face via the suction pipe. To assist the extraction process, directed nozzles are provided that are aimed into the channel and deliver compressed air or liquid through them.

[0004] EP 2597249 B1 also shows a drilling device for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground with a drill head that rotates on the borehole face. A suction system is provided, featuring an opening located on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the borehole face, which rotates with the drill head. This process removes loosened soil from the borehole.

[0005] US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also features a suction system for removing the excavated soil. For this purpose, a guide plate is provided, which is located in the area of ​​the suction opening and collects the excavated soil as the drill head rotates and feeds it into the opening. Behind the opening is an inclined channel that leads into a centrally located discharge pipe.

[0006] US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge pipe is provided. The opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conically shaped tube is provided that widens towards the discharge pipe.

[0007] US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction system for removing the excavated soil. The suction system has a slot-shaped radial opening that leads into a cylindrical chamber. From this chamber, a channel extends into the sewer line.

[0008] WO 2016142910 A1 also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening with a rim that projects beyond the underside of the drill head towards the tunnel face. Behind the opening, a conically shaped chamber is provided, extending over the entire underside of the drill head. A discharge pipe is provided at its rear end.

[0009] The object of the invention is to simplify the extraction process in the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve its performance.

[0010] The problem according to the invention is solved according to a first solution according to the invention by the suction box tapering in width from the opening towards the connection opening, by the height of the suction box increasing from the opening towards the connection opening, by providing at least one tool in the opening area for loosening and / or picking up the soil, and by making the at least one tool movable for changing the distance of the tool to the tunnel face.

[0011] The width of the suction box is preferably the longitudinal extent of the opening, particularly preferably radial. The height of the suction box is preferably the transverse extent of the opening, particularly preferably transverse to radial.

[0012] This makes it surprisingly easy to significantly increase the suction line length. At the same time, the risk of blockages in the suction area is significantly reduced. Furthermore, rock / soil can be loosened directly at the tunnel face within the opening. The loosened material can then be extracted particularly effectively. This can be advantageously achieved or supported by injecting a fluid to liquefy the loosened / extracted soil / rock, for example, by at least one fluid jet. The penetration depth into the tunnel face can be easily controlled by adjusting the flow. This can be done, for example, depending on the strength of the soil / rock being removed.

[0013] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the soil, in the form of a toothed bar, is provided in the opening area. It is further advantageous that the at least one tool can be moved via at least one hydraulic cylinder to change its distance from the tunnel face, and / or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder. This allows the penetration depth into the tunnel face to be easily controlled. This can be done, for example, depending on the strength of the soil / rock to be loosened.

[0014] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one deflection area is provided behind the opening, preferably before the inlet to the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected. This makes it particularly easy to feed the material to be conveyed, liquefy it (for example, even before it enters the opening), and then convey it away.

[0015] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed bar, is provided in the opening area. This allows rock / soil to be loosened directly at the tunnel face in the opening area. The loosened material can then be extracted particularly effectively. This can advantageously be achieved or supported by the injection of liquid to liquefy the loosened / extracted soil / rock, for example, by at least one liquid jet. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the at least one tool is movable to change its distance from the tunnel face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder. This allows the penetration depth into the tunnel face to be easily controlled.This can be done, for example, depending on the strength of the soil / rock to be loosened.

[0016] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one tool for collecting the soil, preferably in the form of a bar, is provided in the opening area. This allows the rock / soil to be collected directly at the tunnel face in the opening area. The loosened material can then be extracted particularly effectively. This extraction can advantageously be facilitated by dispensing a liquid to liquefy the loosened / extracted soil / rock, for example, by at least one liquid jet. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the at least one tool is movable to change its distance from the tunnel face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.

[0017] A further aspect of the invention provides that the distance between the opening area and the tunnel face is adjustable. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by vertically moving the suction box and / or by pivoting the suction box about a pivot point, with a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or pivoting. This allows the amount of material extracted to be directly and easily controlled.

[0018] A further aspect of the invention provides that the opening area is equipped with at least one cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a jet of liquid. This allows blockages in the opening area to be either eliminated or prevented. Furthermore, the jet of liquid dispensed through the at least one nozzle can also be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material.

[0019] A further aspect of the invention provides that the suction box has a nozzle, preferably directed from the opening towards the connection opening. This improves the material transport within the suction box in a simple manner. Furthermore, the liquefaction of the dissolved material is improved, thus enabling better discharge.

[0020] Another aspect of the invention provides that the suction box is interchangeable within the drill head. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. Furthermore, reversing the direction of rotation is also possible.

[0021] A further aspect of the invention provides for a classification element in the opening area. This can be, for example, a grid, separating plates that divide the opening area into several openings, or even multiple openings. This makes it possible to easily limit the particle size of the aspirated material.

[0022] Another aspect of the invention provides that the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally. This positively influences material transport within the suction box, for example, material liquefaction and material intake. Alternatively, the suction box is arranged essentially vertically. This positively influences material transport through direct inflow. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this also positively influences suction because less material accumulates in the area of ​​the opening. Furthermore, this design is easier to implement in the drill head. Alternatively, an inclined arrangement between horizontal and vertical is also possible.

[0023] A further aspect of the invention provides that the opening area extends essentially radially outwards from the center point. It is advantageous that the opening is designed as a slit. A further aspect of the invention provides that the clear cross-section of the opening changes, preferably increases, along the opening area as it extends radially outwards. This allows for easy control of the material intake, its location, and the amount of material taken in.

[0024] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the connection opening of the suction box is offset from the perpendicular center line of the opening area, preferably towards the outside. This results in an asymmetrical design of the suction box. The suction strength or flow profile within the suction box or the opening area can be easily influenced, thus affecting the amount of material drawn in. For example, by shifting the connection opening outwards, the flow in the radially outer area of ​​the suction box can be increased to better extract the larger quantity of material accumulating there.

[0025] A further aspect of the invention provides that the connection opening of the suction box is pivoted relative to a perpendicular axis of the opening area. This allows for easy control of the suction strength or flow profile within the suction box or the opening area, thereby influencing the amount of material drawn in. For example, tilting the connection opening inwards can increase the flow in the radially outer region of the suction box, thus improving the suction of the larger quantity of material accumulating there.

[0026] A further aspect of the invention provides that nozzles are provided in the opening area, preferably directed into the opening area and / or into the opening itself. This allows the loosened / conveyed material in the opening area to be easily liquefied in such a way that it is drawn into the interior of the suction box. A particular advantage is that the suction system is dimensioned such that the opening area remains essentially free of loosened / conveyed soil / rock. For this to occur, a sufficient amount of liquid must be conveyed through the suction box and the conveying line, and the loosened / conveyed material must be liquefied in sufficient quantity.

[0027] A further aspect of the invention provides that a flow ring extending towards the tunnel face is provided in the area of ​​the opening at the outer edge. This easily prevents a flow short circuit from the rear of the drill head to the opening.

[0028] A further aspect of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided upstream of the opening on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, directed towards the tunnel face. Particularly preferably, a sufficient number of nozzles extend along a longitudinal axis to create a dense jet zone. This has surprisingly proven to be a simple way to retain material within the effective area of ​​the opening and / or to prevent backflow, for example, of accelerated material in the direction of rotation. Furthermore, the excavated soil can also be detached from the tunnel face and / or accelerated, making it easier to draw into the opening.

[0029] A further aspect of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, directed towards the tunnel face. Particularly preferably, a sufficient number of nozzles extend along a longitudinal axis to create a dense jet zone. This allows for the simple removal of the excavated soil from the tunnel face and / or its acceleration, making it easier to draw into the opening. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that material can be easily retained within the effective area of ​​the opening and / or that the escape of, for example, accelerated material against the direction of rotation can be prevented.Furthermore, the proportion of loosened soil that is not extracted and is then processed again by the drilling tools of the drill head can be reduced.

[0030] Another teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the tunnel face and / or a directional component towards the opening.

[0031] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or against detachment of the loosened soil from the tunnel face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0032] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against the movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or against the detachment of the loosened soil from the tunnel face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0033] If rows of nozzles are provided both in front of and behind the opening, it is advantageous for the nozzles arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation to have a smaller directional component towards the opening and / or a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This reinforces the advantages mentioned above.

[0034] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one nozzle for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and that the jet causes the excavated soil to move into an area of ​​the drilling face that is crossed by the opening when the drill head rotates. Surprisingly, this allows for simple control of the material distribution of the excavated soil, preventing overloading of certain areas of the intake opening.

[0035] A further aspect of the invention provides that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby changing the direction of movement of the loosened soil, and that the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. This facilitates the distribution of the material.

[0036] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, oriented in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that this allows the loosened soil to be easily removed from the center, which, by design, cannot be traversed by the suction opening.

[0037] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head. This allows the loosened soil from the outer area, which cannot easily be traversed by the suction opening due to the design, to be easily diverted into areas where suction takes place. This is preferably further supported by a combination of the aforementioned guide plates.

[0038] Another aspect of the invention provides that radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided.

[0039] The problem according to the invention is solved according to a second solution by providing at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, directed towards the drilling face, upstream of the opening on the underside of the drilling head, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head. Particularly preferably, enough nozzles extend along a longitudinal axis to create a dense jet zone. This has surprisingly proven to be a simple way to retain material within the effective area of ​​the opening and / or to prevent backflow, for example of accelerated material, in the direction of rotation. Furthermore, it is also possible to detach the excavated soil from the drilling face and / or accelerate the excavated soil so that it can be more easily drawn into the opening.

[0040] A further aspect of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, directed towards the tunnel face. Particularly preferably, a sufficient number of nozzles extend along a longitudinal axis to create a dense jet zone. This allows for the simple removal of the excavated soil from the tunnel face and / or its acceleration, making it easier to draw into the opening. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that material can be easily retained within the effective area of ​​the opening and / or that the escape of, for example, accelerated material against the direction of rotation can be prevented.Furthermore, the proportion of loosened soil that is not extracted and is then processed again by the drilling tools of the drill head can be reduced.

[0041] Another teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the tunnel face and / or a directional component towards the opening.

[0042] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or against detachment of the loosened soil from the tunnel face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0043] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against the movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or against the detachment of the loosened soil from the tunnel face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0044] If rows of nozzles are provided both in front of and behind the opening, it is advantageous for the nozzles arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation to have a smaller directional component towards the opening and / or a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This reinforces the advantages mentioned above.

[0045] A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area has an elongated extension, that at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening at one end opposite the opening for a connection to the pump, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening area can be drawn through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening to the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening to the connection opening.

[0046] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the second solution according to the invention is combined with further features previously mentioned in connection with the first solution according to the invention.

[0047] The problem according to the invention is solved according to a third solution by providing at least one nozzle on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, and by the jet causing the excavated soil to move into an area of ​​the drilling face that is crossed by the opening when the drill head rotates. Surprisingly, this allows for simple control of the material distribution of the excavated soil, preventing overloading of certain areas of the intake opening.

[0048] A further aspect of the invention provides that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby changing the direction of movement of the loosened soil, and that the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. This facilitates the distribution of the material.

[0049] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, oriented in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that this allows the loosened soil to be easily removed from the center, which, by design, cannot be traversed by the suction opening.

[0050] A further aspect of the invention provides that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head. This allows the loosened soil from the outer area, which cannot easily be traversed by the suction opening due to the design, to be easily diverted into areas where suction takes place. This is preferably further supported by a combination of the aforementioned guide plates.

[0051] Another aspect of the invention provides that radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided.

[0052] A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area has an elongated extension, that at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening at one end opposite the opening for a connection to the pump, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening area can be drawn through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening to the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening to the connection opening.

[0053] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the third solution according to the invention is combined with further features previously mentioned in connection with the first and / or solution according to the invention.

[0054] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments in conjunction with a drawing. The drawing shows: Figs. 1 to 11 Views and details of a first embodiment of a drill head according to the invention, Figs. 12 to 19 Views and details of a second embodiment of a drill head according to the invention, and Figs. 20 to 32 Views and details of a third embodiment of a drill head according to the invention

[0055] The figures show the first embodiment: Figure 1 shows a spatial view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention in the first embodiment, Figure 2 shows a side view of Figure 1 Figure 3 shows a top view of the underside. Figure 1 Figure 4 shows a top view of the upper surface. Figure 1 Figure 5 shows a spatial view of a first embodiment of a suction box according to the invention, Figure 6 shows a frontal view of Figure 5 Figure 7, a bottom view of Figure 5Figure 8, a spatial representation of the view from below. Figure 7 Figure 9, a partially cut-away side view of Figure 5 with extended cleaning element, Figure 10 shows an analogous view to Figure 9 with the cleaning element retracted, Figure 11 shows a frontal view tilted spatially downwards. Figure 5 .

[0056] The figures for the second embodiment show: Figure 12 shows a spatial view of the underside of the drill head of the second embodiment according to the invention, Figure 13 shows a side view of Figure 12 Figure 14 shows a top view of the underside. Figure 12 Figure 15 shows a top view of the upper surface. Figure 12 Figure 16 shows a top view of a second embodiment of a suction box according to the invention, Figure 17 shows a bottom view of Figure 16 Figure 18, a partially cut-away side view of Figure 16 along AA, and Figure 19 an enlarged section of Figure 18 .

[0057] The figures for the third embodiment show: Figure 20 shows a top view of the underside of the drill head of the third embodiment according to the invention, Figure 21 shows a top view of the top side. Figure 12 , Figure 22 Figure 20 with illustrated material conveying areas, Figure 23a Figure 20 with depicted medium jets emitted from nozzles for material transport, Figure 23 shows an enlarged partial section. Fig. 23a Figure 24 shows a sectional view through an intake area according to the invention, Figure 25 shows a side view of a third embodiment of a suction box according to the invention, Figure 26 shows a first sectional view of Figure 25 in the direction of the width of the suction box, Figure 27 a spatial view of Figure 25 Figure 28, a top view of Figure 25 Figure 29 shows a second sectional view of Figure 25 across Figure 26 Figure 30, an enlarged section of Fig. 20with an extended edge cutting tool Figure 31 the edge cutting tool of Figure 30 in the retracted state, and Figure 32 the edge cutting tool of Figure 30 in a state of emergency.

[0058] Figures 1 to 4Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in its first embodiment. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which 13 drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive (not shown) is, for example, provided directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown). Another non-exhaustive alternative is a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod. Further variants of drives, drilling devices, and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible. Alternatively, the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft drilling machine.

[0059] For example, to enable an undercut beneath a casing pipe or post, the body 11 can have 16 foldable edge cutting tools 17 on its circumference, which are Figure 1 The extended version is shown. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided as an example on the circumference 16 of the body 11.

[0060] The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, peeling bits 12b, or roller bits 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the borehole. Disc bits 12a and peeling bits 12c are shown here.

[0061] For example, a centering drill tool 19 is also provided in the center of the underside 13, which enables the centering of the drill head 10.

[0062] Furthermore, in a first embodiment, the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13. The suction box 20 is located in the Figures 5 to 11shown in detail. It has an opening area 22 on its front side 21, which has at least one opening 23.

[0063] The opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 that divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a. The classification element 24 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.

[0064] The interior 25 is formed by a lid 26 as the top and a base 27 as the bottom, which in this embodiment are planar. Other shapes for the lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28, which here extend from the front 21 along the shape of the lid and the base.

[0065] Due to the shape of the lid 26, the bottom 27 and the side walls 28, a funnel is formed, for example, and preferably, because the width BB of the interior 25 is reduced by the curved shape of the side walls 28, which increases the flow velocity of the incoming mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium with decreasing width BB.

[0066] An opening 29 is provided on the rear of the interior 25, where a connection 30 is provided for a conveying line 31, which is connected to a pump (not shown) in drilling operation to remove the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0067] Additionally, and not shown here in connection with the first embodiment of the suction box 20 according to the invention, the height HH of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, from the front 21 towards the opening 29 at the rear of the suction box 20, in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil / rock.

[0068] Furthermore, it is also possible to design the suction box 20, shown here symmetrically, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown). In this case, it is particularly advantageous to align the opening 29 towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 in order to adjust the flow profile in areas where more soil / rock is dislodged during rotation in the direction of rotation A and enters the interior 25 of the suction box 20 through the opening 23, for example, to selectively increase the flow velocity in certain areas of the interior 25.

[0069] The same is also possible by connecting the 30 terminal of the conveying line 31, as for example in Figure 5 As shown, it opens into the interior at an angle of 25°.

[0070] Sliding elements 32 are arranged on the underside of the base 27, which allow the suction box 20 to slide on the drilling face or at a defined distance from it during drilling or rotation in the direction of rotation A.

[0071] The opening area 22 has soil loosening tools 33, for example a peeling blade, in the area of ​​the opening 23, which extends along the front face 21. The soil loosening tools 33 make it possible to selectively loosen or collect soil / rock in the area of ​​the front face 21 of the suction box 20 and feed it to the opening 23, where it is then conveyed.

[0072] Additionally or alternatively, guide plates can also be provided (not shown) to direct the loosened material, which is not directly drawn in by the flow in the flow direction B, to the opening area 22, and then to draw it into the interior 25 through the openings 23.

[0073] Above the openings 23, nozzles 34 are arranged on the front 21 (see example). Fig. 9The nozzles 34 emit a jet of material from a carrier medium, such as a liquid or air, into the interior space 25 in the direction E, directed towards B of the opening 29, so that material located in the interior space 25 is moved towards B towards the opening 29. Furthermore, the jets emitted by the nozzles 34 can also disperse accumulations of dissolved material. If a liquid is emitted, it can, for example, or alternatively, be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22, thus ensuring improved conveyance. Advantageously, the flow rate in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction process are designed such that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially unobstructed.

[0074] Additionally, a cleaning element 35 is provided in the opening area 22. The cleaning element 35 has rods 36 that are guided in passages 37, so that when the rods 36 are moved in cleaning direction C, the rods engage in the opening sections 23a of the openings 23 or in the classifying elements 24 provided therein and remove the adhering material from them, thus making the opening 23 passable again. Subsequently, the cleaning element 35 is moved out of the opening sections 23a again in the opposite direction to arrow C. Alternatively, nozzles 38 can also be provided for cleaning the openings or the classifying elements 24, which discharge jets of liquid for cleaning in cleaning direction D, as shown by way of example in Fig. 9As shown. If a liquid is dispensed, it can, for example, or alternatively, be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area, thus ensuring better conveyance. Advantageously, the flow rate in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are designed such that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially unobstructed.

[0075] Figures 12 to 15Figure 1 shows a second embodiment of a drill head 10 according to the invention. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which 13 drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive (not shown) is, for example, provided directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown). Another alternative, which is not exhaustive, is a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod. Further variants of drives, drilling devices, and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible. Alternatively, the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft drilling machine.

[0076] For example, to enable an undercut beneath a casing pipe or post, the body 11 can have 16 foldable edge cutting tools 17 on its circumference, which are Figure 1 The extended version is shown. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided as an example on the circumference 16 of the body 11.

[0077] The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, peeling bits 12b, or roller bits 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the borehole. Roller bits 12c and peeling bits 12b are shown here.

[0078] For example, a centering drill tool 19 is also provided in the center of the underside 13, which enables the centering of the drill head 10.

[0079] Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 40 on its underside 13 in a second embodiment. The suction box 40 is located in the Figures 16 to 19shown in detail. Figure 18 shows a section view according to AA from Figure 16 . Figure 19 shows an enlarged view of the circled area. Figure 18 The suction box 40 has an opening area 42 in the area of ​​its front 41, which has at least one opening 43.

[0080] The opening 43 of the second embodiment of the suction box 40 can have a classification element (not shown here) that divides the opening 43 into opening sections 43a. The classification element determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 45 of the suction box 20.

[0081] The interior 45 is formed by a lid 46 as the top and a base 47 as the bottom, which in this embodiment are planar. Other shapes for the lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 40 has side walls 48, which here extend from the front 41 along the shape of the lid and the base.

[0082] Due to the shape of the lid 46, the base 47, and the side walls 48, a funnel is formed, for example, and preferably, because the width BB of the interior 45 decreases due to the curved shape of the side walls 48, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the injected mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium with decreasing width BB. Additionally, the height HH of the interior 45 of the suction box 40 changes from the front 41 to the opening 49 at the rear of the suction box 40. In the second embodiment, it increases to counteract clogging of the interior 45 by dissolved soil / rock. Other height variations are also possible to create specific flow profiles in the interior 45. This also applies to the suction box 20 of the first embodiment.

[0083] An opening 49 is provided on the rear of the interior 45, at which a connection 40 is provided for a conveying line 41, which is connected to a pump (not shown) in drilling operation in order to convey the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0084] Additionally, and not shown here, in connection with the second embodiment of the suction box 40 according to the invention, the suction box 40 shown here symmetrically can be designed asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 49 laterally offset. It is particularly advantageous if the opening 49 is arranged offset towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 in order to selectively increase the flow velocity in the areas where more soil / rock is loosened during rotation in the direction of rotation F and enters the interior 45 of the suction box 40 through the opening 43.

[0085] Alternatively, the same is also possible if the connection 40 of the conveying line 41 opens at an angle into the interior 45.

[0086] Upstream of the opening 43 is a deflection element 60, which is movably arranged with the suction box 40, for example on its side walls 48, via stop points 61. Preferably, this is a rotary movement in the direction of rotation G about the stop points 61. At least one actuator 62, for example a hydraulic cylinder, is provided for moving the deflection element 60. This is connected, for example, to a first stop 63 arranged on the deflection element 60 and to a second stop 64 arranged on the cover 46, so that the pivoting movement can be carried out when the actuator 62 is actuated. The deflection element 60 can then be articulated in the direction of rotation G.

[0087] At least one bottom-loosening tool 65 is arranged at the end of the deflection element 60 opposite the first stop 63. Furthermore, the deflection element 60 can have nozzles 66 that, for example, discharge a jet of material from a carrier medium, such as a liquid or air, in the direction E into the interior 45. This allows material located in the interior 45 to be moved in the direction B towards the opening 49. If a liquid is discharged, it can, for example, or alternatively, be used to liquefy the loosened / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22, thus ensuring improved conveyance. Advantageously, the flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are designed such that the loosened / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially unobstructed.

[0088] A sliding element 52 is provided on the base 47, arranged on a base 55.

[0089] Between the base 55 and the soil loosening tool 65, an opening gap 67 exists, depending on the degree of pivoting of the deflection element 60. The size of this gap determines, for example, the amount of loosened soil / rock material picked up. Furthermore, the opening gap 67 can also be used for classification to prevent the entry of certain grain sizes of loosened soil / rock.

[0090] Furthermore, a nozzle 68 can be arranged at the base 55, which, as a cleaning element, emits a jet of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, in the cleaning direction D to remove jammed material from the opening gap 67. If a liquid is dispensed, it can, for example, or alternatively, be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22, thus ensuring improved conveyance. Advantageously, the flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are designed such that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially clear.

[0091] Furthermore, for example in Figure 19A stop element 69 is shown, which is connected to an actuator (not shown) by which the entire suction box 40 can be moved relative to the body 11 in order to, for example, bring the entire suction box 40 closer to or away from the tunnel face, thereby influencing, for example, the penetration depth into the tunnel face and / or the amount of material removed.

[0092] The opening 23 of the suction box 20 of the first embodiment is thus directly oriented towards the direction of rotation A, whereas the opening 43 of the suction box 40 of the second embodiment is not directly reached. The loosened material passing through the opening gap 67 must first be deflected in the flow direction by the deflecting element 60 and fed to the opening 43. Liquefaction can then occur there. The soil loosening tools 65 of the second embodiment are thus pulled across the tunnel face, while the soil loosening tools 33 of the first embodiment are pushed across the tunnel face.

[0093] Figure 20 to Figure 23bFigure 1 shows a third embodiment of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a spatial representation. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which 13 drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive (not shown) is, for example, provided directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown). Another non-exhaustive alternative is a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod. Further variants of drives, drilling devices, and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible. Alternatively, the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft drilling machine.

[0094] For example, to enable an undercut beneath a casing pipe or post, the body 11 can have 16 foldable edge cutting tools 17 on its circumference, which are Figure 20 The extended position is shown. The individual states of the edge tool 17 are shown in the Figures 29 to 31 shown. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided as examples on the circumference 16 of the body 11.

[0095] The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, peel bits 12b, or roller bits 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the borehole. Disc bits 12a are shown here.

[0096] In the center of the underside 13, as an alternative to the previously described centering drill tool 19, a series of discs 12a are provided, which also enable centering of the drill head 10.

[0097] Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 70 in a third embodiment. The suction box 70 is located in the Figures 24 to 29 shown in detail. It has an opening area 72 which has at least one opening 73.

[0098] The opening 73 of the third embodiment of the suction box 70 has a classification element 74 that divides the opening 73 into opening sections 73a. The classification element 74 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 75 of the suction box 70.

[0099] The interior 75 is formed by a lid 76 as the top and the opening 73 as the bottom, as well as side walls 78 and a rear wall 77.

[0100] Due to the shape of the lid 76, the back wall 77 and the side walls 78, a funnel is formed, for example, and preferably, because the width BB of the interior 75 (see Figure 26) by the shape and arrangement of the lid 76 and the rear wall 77, which reduces the flow velocity of the incoming mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium with decreasing width BB.

[0101] An opening 79 is provided on the rear of the interior 75, where a connection 71 is provided for a conveying line (not shown) which is connected to a pump (not shown) in drilling operation to convey the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0102] Additionally, the height HH of the interior 75 of the suction box 70 increases from the opening area 72 towards the opening 79 on the top of the suction box 70 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 75 caused by loosened soil / rock.

[0103] Parallel to the opening area 72 or opening 73, a nozzle bar 81 is provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10, positioned in the direction of rotation in front of the opening area 72, and a second nozzle bar 80 is positioned in the direction of rotation behind the opening area 72. The nozzle bars 81, 82 have a plurality of nozzles 82, 83 arranged in series. These nozzles 82, 83 each emit a jet AA, DD M of a flushing medium, preferably a liquid jet or a compressed air jet. The nozzles 82 of nozzle bar 80 and the nozzles 83 of nozzle bar 81 are arranged such that they are directed towards the tunnel face and towards the opening area 72. The nozzles 82 are arranged at an angle α to the vertical on the underside 13 of the drill head 10, and the nozzles 83 are arranged at an angle β to the vertical on the underside 13 of the drill head 10. Preferably, angle α and angle β differ from each other. Particularly preferably, angle β is smaller than angle α.The AA beams strike the tunnel face (not shown) and cause the loosened soil to swirl and activate, thus facilitating its suction into opening 73. Furthermore, the AA beams create a barrier effect, preventing loosened soil from leaving the CC area between beam AA and beam DD against the direction of rotation A. This barrier effect is enhanced as the angle α, β to the perpendicular to the tunnel face increases. Conversely, the loosening / acceleration effect of the loosened soil improves as the angle α, β decreases, up to an optimally determined angle α, β.

[0104] The beam DD, which is directed more directly towards the tunnel face compared to the beam AA, essentially creates a barrier effect so that material or loosened soil, which has been activated by the beam AA and thus accelerated in the direction of rotation, cannot leave the area CC in the direction of rotation A.

[0105] Furthermore, in the area of ​​the suction box 70, a flow ring 84 is preferably provided on the outer circumference of the underside 13 of the drill head 10. The flow ring 84 extends from the underside 13 towards the drilling face. It is preferably implemented here as a sheet metal plate provided on the circumference 16 of the drill head 10. The flow ring 84 ensures that the suction through the opening 73 does not occur in the form of a short circuit from the edge region of the bore.

[0106] To replenish the aspirated fluid below the drill head 10, openings 85 are preferably provided on the right and left sides of the short side of the opening 73. These openings are connected to a line (not shown) through which fluid is supplied to the intake area. This preferred, targeted supply in the intake area prevents, in particular, the formation of cross-flows below the drill head 10 in the excavation area, which would otherwise lead to uncontrolled material transport. Such uncontrolled material transport, in addition to causing wear, also results in the drilling tools 12 repeatedly passing over already loosened soil.

[0107] To ensure optimal transport of the excavated soil to the opening 72 of the suction box 70, a centralizing system is preferably provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10. This centralizing system consists of guide plates and nozzles that direct excavated soil in specific areas to the section of the tunnel face traversed by the opening 72 of the suction box 70. This allows for simple control of the material flow, enabling optimized material distribution from areas where more soil is excavated at the tunnel face to areas where less soil is excavated by the drilling tools 12, thus optimizing the extraction process.

[0108] For this purpose, guide plates 86 of varying lengths and angles of incidence are provided directly behind drilling tools 12 arranged in specific sections. The guide plates 86 extend from the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the tunnel face. They are arranged diagonally so that the excavated material or soil is efficiently moved from the outer surfaces of the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the suction area 73. This material transport is effected by nozzles 87, each of which is provided on the outer surface of the underside 13 of the drill head 10 in a housing 88. The nozzles 87 emit a tangential jet EE of a flushing medium (liquid or air) which strikes the respective guide plate 87. At the guide plate 87, the jet EE is then deflected in the flow direction HH parallel to the guide plate 87.The material that is loosened by the drilling tools 12 in front of the respective guide plate 86 is then transported by these flushing medium streams towards HH.

[0109] Furthermore, the edge cutting tools 17 also have guide plates 89, which are likewise arranged diagonally such that material can be transported along the guide plate 89 from the outside through the production of the drill head 10 towards the inner area of ​​the underside 13 of the drill head 10. Here again, nozzles 90 are provided in a housing 91, which direct a jet FF of a flushing medium (liquid or air) onto the guide plate 89, so that the flow direction of the jet FF is changed at the guide plate 89 so that it runs parallel to the guide plate 89 in the direction of HH. A peeling chisel 12b is preferably provided on the outside of the guide plate 89 of the edge cutting tool 17, which cuts and straightens the borehole wall. A nozzle 92 is provided for cooling and flushing the peeling chisel 12b, which discharges a jet (not shown) of a flushing and cooling medium (liquid or air). The beam is directed along the chisel 12b towards the tunnel face.The dissolved material washed away here is then captured by the guide plate 89 and also transported away in the flow direction HH, preferably in combination with the jet FF from the nozzle 90.

[0110] In the center region, where the centering drill tool 19, preferably designed as a row of discs 12a, is located, nozzles 93 are provided in a housing 94 parallel to the row. These nozzles emit a jet GG of a flushing medium (liquid or air) in the flow direction I parallel to the row of discs 12a, so that the loosened material, which is detached from the respective discs 12a, is conveyed away from the center by the jets GG. To limit this material flow, guide plates 95 are provided, which are designed to be circumferential and curved and are arranged on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 in a region of the drilling face that is traversed by the opening area 73 of the suction box 70.

[0111] The guide plates and nozzles divide the underside 13 of the drill head into different material conveying sections J to M. The guide plates 89, in conjunction with the nozzles 90 in the area of ​​the edge cutting tools 17, create an outer conveying area J, which is divided into Figure 22 The soil loosened by the drilling tools 12 located in these areas is conveyed by the guide plates 89 in the flow direction HH into the areas K1 to K4 to L, which are located concentrically further inwards. The areas K1 to K4 are preferably of different sizes because the respective guide plates 86 are preferably of different lengths. This ensures a targeted distribution of material into the annular area L or into an area K4 located outside of it, which is then traversed by the suction box 70, thus conveying the loosened soil away. These areas are also shown in Figure 22As shown, within the ring area L is the center M, from which the dissolved material is conveyed in the flow direction I against the guide vanes 95 into the area L. This results in a targeted material distribution such that the main part of the conveyed material can be taken up by the inner part of the opening area 73, thus significantly improving material removal or suction.

[0112] In the Figures 30-32 The movement states of the edge cutting tool 17 are shown. They have a base body 96 that is movable in the direction of arrow N. An actuator 97 is provided for this purpose, which is preferably designed as a hydraulic cylinder. Figure 30 shows the extended position of the edge cutting tool 17, while Figure 31the retracted position is shown. By moving a piston 98 with its piston rod in the cylinder 99, the base body 96 is retracted into or extended from the body 11 of the drill head 10. Figure 32 An emergency solution for retrieving the drill head 10 after drilling operations has been completed is shown, in cases where, due to a malfunction, either the base body can no longer be inserted or the actuator 97 has failed. For this purpose, a shear bolt 100 is provided, which, in normal operating conditions, acts as a pivot bearing for the direction of movement N, allowing the base body 96 to pivot into the body 11 of the drill head 10. In the event of a malfunction, this shear bolt 100 is sheared off, so that the base body 96 can pivot about the stop 101 in the direction of arrow O. The stop 101 is the point of application of the actuator 97 on the base body 96. Reference symbol list: 10 drill head 43 opening 11 Body 45 interior 12 Drilling tool 46 Lid 12a disc chisel 47 Floor 12b Schällmeißel 48 side wall 12c roller chisel 49 opening 13 bottom 50 Connection 14 Top 51 Conveyor 15 Connection 52 Sliding element 16 Scope 53 floor removal tool 17 Edge cutting tool 54 nozzle 18 Wear element 55 base 19 Centering drill tool 60 deflection element 20 Suction box 61 anchor point 21 front 62 Actuator / hydraulic cylinder 22 Opening area 63 first attack 23 opening 64 second attack 23a Opening section 65 floor removal tool 24 Classifying element 66 nozzle 25 interior 67 Opening gap 26 Lid 68 nozzle 27 Floor 69 Stop element 28 side wall 70 Suction box 29 opening 71 Connection 30 Connection 72 Opening area 31 Conveyor 73 opening 32 Sliding element 73a Opening section 33 floor removal tool 74 Classifying element 34 nozzle 75 interior 35 Cleaning element 76 Lid 36 rod 77 back panel 37 passage 78 side wall 40 Suction box 79 opening 41 front 80 Nozzle bar primary nozzles 42 Opening area 81 Nozzle bar secondary nozzles 82 nozzle E Delivery direction 83 nozzle F Direction of rotation 84 Flow ring G Direction of rotation 85 opening H Flow direction 86 Guide plate I Flow direction 87 nozzle J Area 88 Housing K Area 89 Guide plate K1-K4 Sub-areas of area K 90 nozzle L Ring area 91 Housing M center 92 nozzle N Direction of movement 93 nozzle O direction of rotation 94 Housing 95 Guide plate α angle of incidence 96 basic body β angle of incidence 97 actuator 98 Pistons AA beam 99 cylinder BB Width 100 Shear bolt CC Area 101 Anchor point DD beam EE beam A Direction of rotation FF beam B Flow direction GG beam C Cleaning direction HH Height D Cleaning direction

Claims

1. Drill head for creating a substantially vertical borehole in the ground, having a body (11) connectable to a rotary drive of a drilling device, comprising drilling tools (12) which for loosening the soil at a working face of the borehole are disposed on the body (11), comprising a suction system which for discharging the loosened soil at the working face is connectable to a pump, wherein the suction system has an opening region (22, 42, 72) which is disposed on the body and has at least one opening (23, 43, 73) in the region of the drilling tools (12) at the working face, wherein the opening region (22, 42, 72) has an elongate extent, wherein the at least one opening (23, 43, 73) of the opening region (22, 42, 72) is connected to a suction box (20, 40, 70) which at an end opposite the opening has a connection opening for connecting to the pump and which has a width (BB) and a height (HH), wherein the width (BB) extends parallel to the elongate extent of the opening region, and wherein the height extends transversely to the width and parallel to the opening region (22, 42, 72), and wherein the soil loosened by the drilling tools (12) can be sucked in a flow direction in the opening region (22, 42, 72) through the opening (23, 43, 73) and into the suction box (20, 40, 70) by the pump, characterized in that in terms of width (BB) the suction box (20, 40, 70) tapers from the opening (23, 43, 73) toward the connector opening, in that the height (HH) of the suction box (20, 40, 70) increases from the opening (23, 43, 73) toward the connector opening, in that provided in the opening region (22, 42, 72) is at least one tool (33, 65) for loosening and / or for receiving the soil, and in that the at least one tool (33, 65) is movable for changing the distance of the tool (33, 65) from the working face.

2. Drill head according to Claim 1, characterized in that provided behind the opening (23, 43, 73), preferably before the entrance into the suction box, is at least one deflection region in which the flow direction of the loosened soil is deflectable.

3. Drill head according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one tool (33, 65) for loosening and / or for receiving the soil is a toothed bar.

4. Drill head according to Claim 3, characterized in that the at least one tool (33, 65) for changing the distance of the tool (33, 65) from the working face is movable by way of a hydraulic cylinder, and / or in that the at least one tool (33, 65) is pivotable relative to the opening region (22, 42, 72), preferably by way of a hydraulic cylinder (62).

5. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance of the opening region (22, 42, 72) from the working face is adjustable.

6. Drill head according to Claim 5, characterized in that the adjustment of the distance takes place by vertically moving the suction box (20, 40, 70) and / or by pivoting the suction box (20, 40, 70) about a pivot point, wherein a drive is provided for moving or pivoting.

7. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the suction box (20, 40, 70) is disposed so as to be substantially horizontal, inclined, or vertical.

8. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the opening region (22, 42, 72), when viewed from the centre, extends in a substantially radially outward manner, wherein the opening (23, 43, 73) is preferably embodied in the manner of a slot.

9. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that provided in the opening region (22, 42, 72) are nozzles (34, 38) which are preferably directed into the opening region (22, 42, 72) and / or into the opening (23, 43, 73).

10. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, when viewed in the rotating direction (A) of the drill head (10), at least two nozzles (83) for discharging a jet (DD) of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, are provided in front of the opening (23, 43, 73) on the lower side of the drill head, said nozzles being directed toward the working face.

11. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, when viewed in the rotating direction (A) of the drill head (10), at least two nozzles (82) for discharging a jet (DD) of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, are provided behind the opening (23, 43, 73) on the lower side of the drill head (10), said nozzles being directed toward the working face.

12. Drill head according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the direction of the jet (AA, DD) corresponds to a vector which, proceeding from the nozzle (82, 83), has one directional component toward the working face and / or one directional component toward the opening.

13. Drill head according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the jets (AA, DD) of the at least two nozzles (82, 83) have a blocking effect against movement of loosened soil moving counter to the rotating direction of the drill head (10), and / or against detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or of accelerating the loosened soil.

14. Drill head according to Claim 10 or 12, characterized in that the jets (AA, DD) of the at least two nozzles (82, 83) have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil moving in the direction of rotating of the drill head (10), and / or against detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or against accelerating the loosened soil.

15. Drill head according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that provided in the opening region (22, 42, 72) is at least one tool (33, 65), preferably in the form of a bar, for receiving the soil, which tool is preferably movable for changing the distance of the tool (33, 65) from the working face, particularly preferably by way of at least one hydraulic cylinder (62).

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